第03辑开学考试 2025届新高三开学摸底考试卷02（北京卷）（教师版） 2025届新高三英语提分培优通关练（高考真题+名校模拟）

绝密★启用前2025届新高三开学摸底考试卷02（北京卷）解析版（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Imovedtoanewcityandtookajobinmarketing.Ididn’treallyunderstandwhetheritappliedtome.IenjoyeddoingthingsthatIfelthad1.Asthemonthspassed,Ifeltitjustwasn’tforme.Ineededtofindawayout.Ajobadvertisementforaneditorforanewyouthmagazinecameatexactlytherighttime.Iappliedandwassuccessful.Myrolewastohelpteamsofyoungpeopleedittheircontentandhelpthemwiththeirwork.Ihadassumedthemagazinewouldbea(n)2ofgamesanddullreviews,soIwas3whenoneofthefirstpieceswrittenwasaboutsocialwelfare.4,IfoundsomethingIwasinterestedin.Ifelta5inmestraightaway.Ihadapurposeagain.Dayswerelosttodiscussinghottopicsand6thewordsoftheirstrongandopinionated(坚持己见的)voices.7intheirworld,Icouldseemyselfmakingadifferencetotheteam’swritingability.Asourwebsite8increasedandtheworkshiftedtoreflectwhatouraudienceswanted,Idevelopedagreaterunderstandingofwhatyoungpeoplemightwanttoread.Thebiggestchangethejobbrought,thoughwastomywell-being.Itisrareyoufindyourselfinajobyoulove,onethatyouarehappyto9eachday.Iwasthrivinginthiscreativeenvironment,inspiredbythetalentedyoungpeopleIwashelpingto10theircareers.Now,Irealizethattherearejobsthatwillkeepyouhappy,energeticandinspired.1.A.purpose B.convenience C.restriction D.entertainment2.A.replacement B.mixture C.innovation D.symbol3.A.amused B.embarrassed C.touched D.surprised4.A.Naturally B.Generally C.Frequently D.Finally5.A.contrast B.shock C.change D.shame6.A.reading B.translating C.spelling D.copying7.A.Trapped B.Hidden C.Invested D.Imagined8.A.hits B.pages C.profits D.advertisements9.A.leavebehind B.gointo C.referto D.setaside10.A.transfer B.rescue C.discipline D.further【答案】1.A2.B3.D4.D5.C6.A7.C8.A9.B10.D【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了放弃了自己不喜欢且感觉没有目标的工作，去应聘了一个编辑工作，帮年轻人改稿子，作者觉得非常开心，觉得自己改变了很多，对工作充满热情，对年轻人也很有帮助。1.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢做我觉得有意义的事情。A.purpose目的意图，意义价值；B.convenience便利；C.restriction限制，约束；D.entertainment娱乐。根据上文“Ididn’treallyunderstandwhetheritappliedtome”可知，作者不知道为什么从事当时的那份工作，所以推测，作者喜欢做有意义的事，下文“Ihadapurposeagain.”中purpose是原词复现。故选A项。2.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我原以为这本杂志会是一堆游戏和无聊评论的混合体，所以当我看到最初的一篇文章是关于社会福利的时候，我感到很惊讶。A.replacement取代，替代品；B.mixture混合；C.innovation创新；D.symbol符号，象征。根据下文“ofgamesanddullreviews”可知，作者应该是猜想年轻人写内容多是这两种的混合。故选B项。3.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.amused被逗笑的，愉悦的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.touched感动的；D.surprised惊讶的，出乎意料的。根据下文“whenoneofthefirstpieceswrittenwasaboutsocialwelfare.____4____,IfoundsomethingIwasinterestedin”可知，作者原以为会看到年轻人作品会很无聊，事实看到写的是社会福利这样有意义的社会问题，所以作者感到很惊讶。故选D项。4.考查副词词义辨析。句意：终于，我找到了我感兴趣的事情。A.Naturally自然而然地；B.Generally一般来说；C.Frequently频繁地；D.Finally最后，终于。根据上文“Asthemonthspassed,Ifeltitjustwasn’tforme.Ineededtofindawayout.”以及下文“IfoundsomethingIwasinterestedin.”可知，几个月过去了作者没有找到合适的工作，终于找到自己喜欢又有意义的工作。故选D项。5.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我立刻感到我的内心发生了变化。A.contrast对比；B.shock震惊；C.change变化，改变；D.shame羞耻。原来做的是不适合自己的工作，现在是自己很喜欢的工作，心情是变化了。下文“Ihadapurposeagain.”以及“Thebiggestchangethejobbrought,thoughwastomywell-being”都说明作者感受到了自己的变化，其中change是原词复现。故选C项。6.考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天的时间在讨论热点话题和阅读他们的强烈和坚持己见的声音中过去了。A.reading阅读；B.translating翻译；C.spelling拼写；D.copying复制。根据上文“Myrolewastohelpteamsofyoungpeopleedittheircontentandhelpthemwiththeirwork.”作者的工作是编辑，应该是首先要阅读表达年轻人观点的文章，再进行修改指导编辑。故选A项。7.考查动词词义辨析。句意：投入到他们的世界中，我可以看到自己对团队的写作能力有很大的影响。A.Trapped困住；B.Hidden隐藏；C.Invested投资，投入；D.Imagined想象。根据上文“Dayswerelosttodiscussinghottopicsand______6______thewordsoftheirstrongandopinionated(坚持己见的)voices.”可知，作者我喜欢这份工作，后面表示对这些年轻人的习作能力有了很大的影响，说明作者应该是全身心地投入的工作中。故选C项。8.考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着我们网站点击量的增加，并且我们的工作也在随之转变，反映我们的读者想要什么，我对年轻人可能想要读什么有了更深入的了解。A.hits点击量；B.pages页数；C.profits利润；D.advertisements广告。下文“theworkshiftedtoreflectwhatouraudienceswanted”说明网站点击量增多了，故选A项。9.考查动词短语辨析。句意：你很难找到自己喜欢的工作，一份你每天都乐意投入的工作。A.leavebehind甩在后面；B.gointo参加，开始从事；C.referto参考，提及，指的是；D.setaside暂时搁置一边。根据上文“Thebiggestchangethejobbrought,thoughwastomywell-being”以及下文“Iwasthrivinginthiscreativeenvironment”可知，作者找到了一份自己喜爱的工作，每天很投入地去做(gointo)。故选B项。10.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在这种创造性的环境下很充实，我帮助这些有才华的年轻人取得事业的进一步发展，而我也深受鼓舞启发。A.transfer转移，移交；B.rescue救援；C.discipline纪律，惩罚；D.further使进一步，推进。作者作为编辑帮这些年轻作者修改稿子，提高他们的写作能力，应该是推动了他们的事业更进一步发展。故选D项。阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。PARIS-China'slegendarytabletennisplayerMaLongandartisticswimmerFengYuwillcarryChina'sflagatthe2024ParisOlympicGamesopeningceremonyonFridayevening.Ma,11hasclaimedthreeteamgoldsandtwosinglestitlesinpreviousOlympicGames,willbemakinghisfourthOlympicappearanceinParis.12(lead)China'sartisticswimmingteamtoasilvermedalatTokyo2020,the24-year-oldFenglookstodreambiggerinParis.Chinahasmadesteadyprogressinartisticswimminginrecentyears,sealinggoldsinallfiveOlympicroutinesattheWorldChampionshipsinDoha."Thetwocandidatesreflectour13(recognize)ofveteranathleteswhopersist14theircareers,aswellastheencouragementtotherisingeventsandyoungsters,"saidZhangXin,thesecretary-generaloftheChineseOlympicdelegation.【答案】11.who12.Havingled13.recognition14.in【导语】中国传奇乒乓球运动员马龙和艺术游泳运动员冯羽在2024年巴黎奥运会开幕式上担任中国国旗旗手。11.who。考查定语从句的用法。结合语境这里应用who引导非限制性定语从句，主语指人，故填who。12.Havingled。考查非谓语动词的用法。Havingdone作状语，强调该动作先于谓语动作发生。故填Havingled。13.recognition。考查动词转换为的用法。结合语境需要一个名词。故填recognition。14.in。考查动词短语的用法。persisiin…表示“坚持做某事”。故填in。阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。PARIS--ChinesetoptennisplayerZhengQinwen15(successful)createdhistoryasshe16(defeat)topseedIgaSwiatektoreachtheParisOlympictennisfinalhereonAugust1atRolandGarros.AustralianOpenfinalistZhengimprovedChina'spreviousbestresultoflastfourintheOlympic17(women)singleseventbytwo-timeGrandSlamwinnerLiNa,beatingPoland'sSwiatek6-2,7-5.【答案】15.successfully16.defeated17.women's【导语】8月1日，中国顶级网球运动员郑钦文在罗兰加洛斯击败头号种子伊加·斯维亚特，成功进入巴黎奥运会网球决赛，创造了历史。15.successfully。考查形容词转化为副词的用法。结合语境修饰动词应用副词。故填successfully。16.defeated。考查谓语动词的用法。结合语境这里一般过去时。故填defeated。17.women's。考查名词所有格的用法。women’ssingles女子单打。故填women's。阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。PARIS--China'sLiuYukunbaggedagoldmedalinhisOlympicdebutafterwinningthemen's50mrifle3positionshereonAugust1.18(qualify)firstwith594points,theworldrecordholderregistered463.6pointsinthefinal.Thisisthe19(four)shootinggoldforChinaattheParisOlympics.ShengLihaotook20individualgoldinmen's10mairrifle,twodaysafterwinningthefirstgoldofParis2024withhispairHuangYutinginthemixedteameventonSaturday.XieYuwonmen's10mairpistolonSunday.【答案】18.Qualified19.fourth20.an【导语】8月1日，中国选手刘宇坤在奥运会上首次亮相，以594分获得第一名，获得男子50米步枪3姿的金牌。18.Qualified。考查非谓语动词的用法。结合语境这里考查bequaifiedas/wih…。故填Qualified。19.fourth。考查的用法。结合语境应用序数词作定语。故填fourth。20.an。考查不定冠词的用法。anindividualgold个人金牌。故填an。第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AYou’veracedtothesupermarketonlytorealiseyou’velefttheshoppinglisthome.Youneedtomemorisewhichgroceriestopickupbeforeyouforget.Thankfully,there’samemoryaidthat’sperfectforthejob:thepeg-wordmethod.Whatisthepeg-wordmethod?Itemploysasetofpre-determinedwords,regardedaspegwords,fortheto-be-rememberedinformation.Pegwordsactasastructuretohelpyourememberparticularitems.Essentially,you’rehanginginformationyouneedtorecallonthesepegs,whichallowsittoberecalledquicklyandeasily.Initially,tousethismethod,youwillhavetorememberthepegwordsaswellasthenumbers:one=bun

two=shoe

three=tree

four=door

five=hivesix=sticks

seven=heaven

eight=gate

nine=vine

ten=henThenextstepistocreateassociationsbetweentheinformationyouneedtorememberandtheitemlinkedwiththecorrespondingnumber.Ifthefirstitem,forinstance,ismilk,thenyouneedtovisualisethemilkandabun(小圆面包)together.Themoreunusualyoucanmakeyourimage,themorelikelyyouaretorememberit.Inthiscase,youcouldimagineabundrinkingaglassofmilk.Whyisituseful?Asthecaseshows,itismostusefulwhenitcomestorememberinglistsandyoucanrecallthelisteditemseasilyinorder.Anotherwaytousethismemoryaidistomemoriseimportantnumbers,likephonenumbersordates.Forinstance,youneedtorememberthatWilliamShakespearewasbornintheyear1564.First,changethatnumbertobun-hive-sticks-door.Thenimagineastorytohelpyouremembertheseries:WilliamShakespeareputabuninabeehivetocoatitinhoney,buthedidn’tlikehowstickyitbecamesohethrewitatadoor.Thepeg-wordmethodhasbeenwildlyrecognizedasahelpfulmemoryaid.Formoreinformation,pleasevisit/.21.Howcanweapplythepeg-wordmethodtorecallanitem?A.Listoutdifferentmeaningsoftheitem.B.Visualisetheitemandmemorizeitsimage.C.Choosetheitem’spegwordandrememberit.D.Createavisuallinkbetweentheitemanditspegword.22.Whatisthebestwaytorememberthenumber347withthepegwordsinthetable?A.Ahendrinksfromabottleofwine.B.Aloadofeggsgrowlikefruitonatree.C.Atreegrowsthroughthedoortoheaven.D.Anappleshootsoutofabunandhitsthedoor.23.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.Tointroduceahelpfulmemorytool.B.Toadvertiseabraintrainingprogram.C.Tohighlighttheimportanceofpegwords.D.Toanalyzethenecessityoftrainingmemory.【答案】21.D22.C23.A【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了一种辅助帮助记忆的工具——挂钩词法。21.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Essentially,you’rehanginginformationyouneedtorecallonthesepegs,whichallowsittoberecalledquicklyandeasily.(从本质上讲，你把需要回忆的信息挂在这些挂钩上，这样就可以快速、轻松地回忆起来)”及表格下一段“Thenextstepistocreateassociationsbetweentheinformationyouneedtorememberandtheitemlinkedwiththecorrespondingnumber.Ifthefirstitem,forinstance,ismilk,thenyouneedtovisualisethemilkandabuntogether.(下一步是在你需要记住的信息和与相应数字相关联的项目之间建立联系。例如，如果第一件东西是牛奶，那么你需要想象牛奶和面包在一起)”可知，我们需要在事物和它的挂钩词之间创建一个想象链接，即，看到这些词就能想到对应的事物来帮助我们记住事物。故选D。22.推理判断题。347对应数字three，four，seven，观察表格可知，three=tree（树木），four=door（门），seven=heaven（天堂），将“树木，门，天堂”联系起来，得到C选项“从通往天堂的门里长出一棵树”。故选C。23.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Thankfully,there’samemoryaidthat’sperfectforthejob:thepeg-wordmethod.(值得庆幸的是，有一种记忆辅助工具非常适合这项工作:挂钩词法)”及最后一段“Thepeg-wordmethodhasbeenwildlyrecognizedasahelpfulmemoryaid.Formoreinformation,pleasevisit/.(挂钩词法被广泛认为是一种有助于记忆的方法。欲了解更多信息，请访问/)”可推知，本文是为了向大家介绍一种有用的记忆工具。故选A。BAbeidwasborninavillageofTanzaniaanddreamtofflyingaplane,soaring(翱翔)throughthesky.Duetofinancialdifficulties,hebecameawildlifeguideinstead.Abeiddidn’tgiveup.Hebecameachiefpilotofhotairballooningattheageof20.Hispassionforflyingwasmatchedbyhisskillbothasapilotandasaguide.Then,hecameupwiththeideaofflyingacrosstheSerengetifromeasttowest,whichwouldtakefourflightsonsuccessivedays,takingoffandlandingwherenoonehadeverseenaballoonbefore.Asajournalist,IwassoluckytomakeajourneywithAbeid.Wewereupat3am.Abeidwalkedintothebasketandcheckedthelinesandthefastenings.Momentslater,hewasinstructingmetogetintoit.Withbarelytimetocatchmybreath,hegavealongblast(猛吹)ontheburnersandthebaskettippedupright.Overthefollowingdays,wegaspedatthejoyandwonderofthesky;atthebeautyandcomplexityofthelandbeneathus.Therewasnofear,justasenseofbeingpartofsomethingfantasticaswefloatedinthesilenceoftheAfricansky.ButnoteverythingwententirelytoAbeid’scarefullyworked-outplan.Therainsthathadstartedtofalleveryafternoonslowedtheair.Onthefinalday,welanded20kmshortofthedestination.Luckily,wefinallymadethecrossingthenextmorning.Whenwewerereturningtotheland,crowdsofpeopleshoutedandwaved.Manychildrenlookedupasweflewoverthem,andstartedtorun.AsAbeidbroughttheballoondown,peoplegatheredaroundtheballoon,pressingagainstthebasket.Thosechildrenwerealsothere,flushedandbreathless,eyeswidewithamazement.AbeidandIbothlookedateachotherinsilentagreement.Suddenlywewerehelpingsomechildrenintothebasket.Abeidliftedoffandweflewjustafewhundredmetreswiththeexcitedcrowdrunningalongside.IrealizedthatAbeid’sjourneywasmorethanjustaboutflying.Itwasabouthope,inspiration,andthejoyofsharingone’spassion.AndasIpenneddownthelastwordsofthisextraordinaryexperience,IknewthatAbeid’sstorywouldresonate(回荡)farbeyondtheSerengeti.28.WhatdidAbeiddreamof?A.Beingawildlifeguide. B.Beingajournalist.C.Flyingahotairballoon. D.Flyingaplane.29.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthejourneyacrosstheSerengeti?A.Smooth. B.Pioneering. C.Painful. D.Eco-friendly.30.WhatagreementdidAbeidandtheauthorreach?A.Showingtheirtechnicalskills. B.Teachingthechildrentobeapilot.C.Takingthechildrenforaride. D.Attractingpeopletotheirshow.31.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ABeautifulView:fromEasttoWestB.ABalloonAdventure:theDreamSoaringHighC.DifferentJobExperiences:fromaGuidetoaPilotD.AWildlifeExploration:theUnforgettableExperience【答案】28.D29.B30.C31.B【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述主人公阿贝德的一次开创性的气球飞行冒险，实现了飞行梦想，充满希望，灵感和分享的快乐。28.细节理解题。根据第一段的“AbeidwasborninavillageofTanzaniaanddreamtofflyingaplane,soaring(翱翔)throughthesky.(阿贝德出生在坦桑尼亚的一个村庄，他的梦想是驾驶一架飞机，在天空翱翔。)”可知，Abeid的梦想是开飞机。故选D。29.推理判断题。根据第二段的“Then,hecameupwiththeideaofflyingacrosstheSerengetifromeasttowest,whichwouldtakefourflightsonsuccessivedays,takingoffandlandingwherenoonehadeverseenaballoonbefore.(然后，他想到了从东到西飞越塞伦盖蒂的想法，这需要连续四天飞行四次，起飞和降落在以前没有人见过气球的地方。)”可知，穿越塞伦盖蒂是开创性的，以前这里没有热见过气球。故选B。30.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“AbeidandIbothlookedateachotherinsilentagreement.Suddenlywewerehelpingsomechildrenintothebasket.Abeidliftedoffandweflewjustafewhundredmetreswiththeexcitedcrowdrunningalongside.(阿贝德和我都默默对视一眼达成协议。突然，我们帮助一些孩子进入篮子。阿贝德起飞了，我们只飞了几百米，兴奋的人群在旁边奔跑。)”可知，阿贝德和作者达成的协议是带孩子们飞一段路程。故选C。31.主旨大意题。根据第一段的“AbeidwasborninavillageofTanzaniaanddreamtofflyingaplane,soaring(翱翔)throughthesky.(阿贝德出生在坦桑尼亚的一个村庄，他的梦想是驾驶一架飞机，在天空翱翔。)”，第二段的“Then,hecameupwiththeideaofflyingacrosstheSerengetifromeasttowest,whichwouldtakefourflightsonsuccessivedays,takingoffandlandingwherenoonehadeverseenaballoonbefore.(然后，他想到了从东到西飞越塞伦盖蒂的想法，这需要连续四天飞行四次，起飞和降落在以前没有人见过气球的地方。)”以及最后一段“IrealizedthatAbeid’sjourneywasmorethanjustaboutflying.Itwasabouthope,inspiration,andthejoyofsharingone’spassion.AndasIpenneddownthelastwordsofthisextraordinaryexperience,IknewthatAbeid’sstorywouldresonate(回荡)farbeyondtheSerengeti.(我意识到阿贝德的旅程不仅仅是飞行。它是关于希望、灵感和分享激情的快乐。当我写下这段非凡经历的最后几句话时，我知道阿贝德的故事会引起共鸣，远远超出塞伦盖蒂。)”可知，文章主语讲述阿贝德的一次开创性的气球飞行冒险，实现了飞行梦想，充满希望，灵感和分享的快乐，因此推断B项“气球冒险：高飞的梦想”为最佳标题。故选B。CTheideathatagingreducesadults’abilitytoimagine,acommonthemeinchildren’sliterature,iscontradictedbypsychologicalresearch.Whilechildrenareoftenportrayedasmoreimaginative,researchindicatesthatadultsnotonlykeepthisabilitybutsometimessurpasschildreninimaginativethinking.Childrenarefrequentlycelebratedforboundlessimagination.Yet,researchrevealsthattheirmake-believegamesoftencenteraroundrealisticscenarios,suchascookingandcleaning,asdemonstratedina2020studypublishedinJournalofCognitionandDevelopment.Anotherstudy,lastingforfourdecades,alsosuggeststhatchildrenarenotnaturallymoreimaginativethanadults;theirlimitationsresultfromalackofknowledgeandexpertisetoeffectivelyusetheirimaginativecapacityasadults.Imaginationmayhaveevolvedforconsideringalternativestoreality,butweuseitmostnaturallytoexploreclosealternatives,likepreparingadifferentmeal,ratherthanfaralternatives,likeridingonclouds.Whenweuseimaginationtoenvisionfaralternatives—toinnovateorinvent—we’renotdiggingintoaninbornappreciationoftheextraordinary;we’reusingatooldesignedtoexploretheordinary.Whenconsideringalternativestoreality,wefixourattentiononpossibilitiesthatarephysicallyreasonable,statisticallyprobable,sociallyconventionalandmorallypermissible.Whentoldaboutpossibilitiesthatviolatesuchregularities,weusuallydenytheycouldhappen.Generallyspeaking,ourideasaboutwhatcouldhappenarefirmlyrootedinwhatweexpecttohappen.Thismindsetisalsoparticularlyapparentinyoungchildren.Ina2018studyIco-designedwithpsychologistJonathanPhillips,4-year-oldswereaskedtohelpadistressedgirlwhodislikedgoingtoschoolduetomissinghermother.Amongallthesolutionsgiven,theyperceivedtheonlypossiblesolutionwasforhermothertodosomethingspecialafterschooltoeaseherconcerns.Unexpectedalternatives,suchassnappingfingersandmakingitSaturday,wearingpajamastoschoolorlyingaboutschoolbeingclosed,wereallregardedimpossible.Fromthis,wecanconcludethatchildren’searliestintuitions(直觉力)aboutpossibilityconfusewhatcouldhappenwithwhatshouldhappen.Historically,theimprobableeventoftravelingfasterthanahorsewasconsideredimpossible,aswastravelingbyairortravelingintospace.Beforethearrivaloftrainsandplanes,thereweregoodreasonstothinkthatpeoplecouldtravelonlysofarandonlysofast.Butthesereasonswereempirical(经验主义的),notlogical.Imagination,onitsown,lumpstheimprobablewiththeimpossible,butwecancombineimaginationwithotherabilities—namely,knowledgeandreflection—toseparatethetwo.Whileimaginationinchildrenoftensubjectstoexpectation,adultscancontroltheirimaginativecapacityforinnovationbyintegratingitwithaccumulatedknowledgeandreflectivethinking.24.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,weknowthat_________.A.childrendevelopimaginationthroughgamesB.childrenfacelimitationsinacquiringknowledgeC.adultsareasgoodaschildreninimaginativethinkingD.adults’imaginativeabilityislikelytostayconstantwithage25.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_________.A.expectationresultsfromimaginativecapacityB.certainpracticalconcernscanlimitimaginationC.breakingregularitiesmayleadtoclosealternativesD.faralternativesaremoreimportantthanclosealternatives26.The2018studyshowsthatchildren_________.A.cameupwithawiderangeofalternatives B.werequickertofigureoutsolutionsC.tookwhatshouldhappenaspossibilities D.usedimaginationinareasonableway27.Theunderlinedword“lumps”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans_________.A.mix B.match C.compare D.replace【答案】24.D25.B26.C27.A【导语】这是一篇说明文。这篇短文主要指出心理学研究反驳了老年人想象力下降的观点，实际上成年人在某些方面可能比儿童更有想象力。研究表明，儿童的想象游戏通常围绕现实场景，并非天生比成人更具想象力，而是受限于知识和经验。人们倾向于用想象力探索与现实相近的可能性，而非遥远的不切实际的事物。研究还显示，儿童对可能性的理解容易与期望混淆。最后，文章强调成人可以通过结合知识和反思来控制想象力，从而进行创新。24.推理判断题。由第一段中“Whilechildrenareoftenportrayedasmoreimaginative,researchindicatesthatadultsnotonlykeepthisabilitybutsometimessurpasschildreninimaginativethinking.(虽然儿童通常被描绘成更有想象力，但研究表明，成年人不仅保持了这种能力，而且有时在想象力思维方面超过了儿童)”和第二段中“Anotherstudy,lastingforfourdecades,alsosuggeststhatchildrenarenotnaturallymoreimaginativethanadults(另一项持续四十年的研究也表明，儿童天生并不比成年人更有想象力)”可知，儿童天生并不比成年人更有想象力，人成年后也更有想象力，成年人不仅保持了这种能力，而且有时在想象力思维方面超过了儿童，可得出成年人的想象力可能会随着年龄的增长而保持不变。故选D项。25.推理判断题。由第三段中“Whenweuseimaginationtoenvisionfaralternatives—toinnovateorinvent—we’renotdiggingintoaninbornappreciationoftheextraordinary;we’reusingatooldesignedtoexploretheordinary.Whenconsideringalternativestoreality,wefixourattentiononpossibilitiesthatarephysicallyreasonable,statisticallyprobable,sociallyconventionalandmorallypermissible.Whentoldaboutpossibilitiesthatviolatesuchregularities,weusuallydenytheycouldhappen.Generallyspeaking,ourideasaboutwhatcouldhappenarefirmlyrootedinwhatweexpecttohappen.(当我们用想象力来设想创新或发明的遥远替代方案时，我们并不是在挖掘与生俱来的非凡鉴赏力；我们正在使用一种旨在探索普通事物的工具。在考虑现实的替代方案时，我们将注意力集中在物理上合理、统计上可能、社会传统和道德上允许的可能性上。当被告知违反这种规律的可能性时，我们通常否认它们可能发生。一般来说，我们对可能发生的事情的想法深深植根于我们所期望的事情)”可得出，某些实际问题会限制想象力。故选B项。26.细节理解题。由第四段中“Fromthis,wecanconcludethatchildren’searliestintuitions(直觉力)aboutpossibilityconfusewhatcouldhappenwithwhatshouldhappen.(由此，我们可以得出结论，孩子们最早对可能性的直觉混淆了可能发生的事情和应该发生的事情)”可知，2018年的研究表明，儿童把应该发生的事情视为可能。故选C项。27.词句猜测题。由最后一段中“Butthesereasonswereempirical(经验主义的),notlogical.Imagination,onitsown,lumpstheimprobablewiththeimpossible,butwecancombineimaginationwithotherabilities—namely,knowledgeandreflection—toseparatethetwo.(但这些原因都是经验的，而非逻辑的。想象力本身就lumps不大可能（还有机会实现）和大不可能（绝无可能实现），但我们可以把想象力与其他能力——即知识和反思——结合起来，把两者分开)”可知，but后讲人们可以通过将想象力与其他能力，即知识和反思相结合，将不大可能（还有机会实现）和大不可能（绝无可能实现）分开，说明想象力本身会将不大可能（还有机会实现）和大不可能（绝无可能实现）混为一谈，划线词lumps意为“混合”。故选A项。DNeuroscientistsusuallyinvestigateonebrainatatime.Theyobservehowneurons(神经元)fireasapersonreadscertainwords,forexample,orplaysavideogame.Associalanimals,however,thosesamescientistsdomuchoftheirworktogether—brainstorminghypotheses,puzzlingoverproblemsandfine-tuningexperimentaldesigns.Increasingly,researchersarebringingthatrealityintohowtheystudybrains.Collectiveneuroscience,assomepractitionerscallit,isarapidlygrowingfieldofresearch.Anearly,consistentfindingisthatwhenpeopleconverseorshareanexperience,theirbrainwavessynchronize.Neuronsincorrespondinglocationsofthedifferentbrainsfireatthesametime,creatingmatchingpatterns,likedancersmovingtogether.Theexperienceof“beingonthesamewavelength”asanotherpersonisreal,anditisvisibleintheactivityofthebrain.Suchworkisbeginningtorevealnewlevelsofrichnessandcomplexityinsociability.Inclassroomswherestudentsareengagedwiththeteacher,forexample,theirpatternsofbrainprocessingbegintosynchronizewiththatteacher’s—andgreatersynchronymaymeanbetterlearning.Couplesexhibithigherdegreesofbrainsynchronythannon-romanticpairs,asdoclosefriendscomparedwithmoredistantacquaintances.Butmuchaboutthephenomenonremainsmysterious—evenscientistsoccasionallyusetheword“magic”whentalkingaboutit.Onestraightforwardexplanationcouldbethatsynchronybetweenbrainsisaresultofsharedexperienceorsimplyasignthatwearehearingorseeingthesamethingassomeoneelse.Butthenewestresearchsuggeststhatsynchronyismorethanthat—orcanbe.Researchersarediscoveringsynchronyinhumansandotherspecies,andtheyaremappingitschoreography—itsrhythm,timingandundulations(波动)—tobetterunderstandwhatbenefitsitmaygiveus.Giventhatsynchronizedexperiencesareoftenenjoyable,researcherssuspectthisphenomenonisbeneficial:ithelpsusinteractandmayhavefacilitatedtheevolutionofsociality.Thisnewkindofbrainresearchmightalsocastlightonwhywedon’talways“click”withsomeoneorwhysocialisolation(孤立)issoharmfultophysicalandmentalhealth.Withsynchronyandotherlevelsofneuralinteraction,humansteachandlearn,forgefriendshipsandromances,andcooperateandconverse.Wearedriventoconnect,andsynchronyisonewayourbrainshelpusdoit.32.Accordingtothepassage,collectiveneuroscience______.A.collectsandrefinesresearchonneuronsB.analysesactivitiesofonebrainatatimeC.promotesconnectionsamongneuroscientistsD.focusesonstudyingbrainsininteractivegroups33.WhatcanweinferaboutbrainsynchronyfromParagraph4?A.Itcanbenefitotherspecies.B.Itsmechanismhaschanged.C.Itdemandsfurtherinvestigations.D.Findingsaboutitarecontradictory.34.Whichofthefollowingmayresultfrombrainsynchrony?A.Increasingpopularityamongpeers.B.Bettercooperationamongteammates.C.Improvedtechniquesforconversations.D.Moresharedexperiencesbetweenacouple.【答案】32.D33.C34.B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个新兴的研究领域——集体神经科学，该领域研究当人们交流或分享经验时大脑波的同步现象。32.细节理解题。根据文章第一段的句子“Associalanimals,however,thosesamescientistsdomuchoftheirworktogether—brainstorminghypotheses,puzzlingoverproblemsandfine-tuningexperimentaldesigns.Increasingly,researchersarebringingthatrealityintohowtheystudybrains.(然而，作为社会动物，这些科学家同样会一起做很多工作——头脑风暴、解决问题和微调实验设计。越来越多的研究人员将这种现实带入他们研究大脑的方式中)”和第二段“Collectiveneuroscience,assomepractitionerscallit,isarapidlygrowingfieldofresearch.(一些从业者称之为集体神经科学，是一个迅速发展的研究领域)”可知，集体神经科学专注于在互动小组中研究大脑。故选D。33.推理判断题。根据文章第四段的句子“Butmuchaboutthephenomenonremainsmysterious—evenscientistsoccasionallyusetheword“magic”whentalkingaboutit.(但关于这一现象的很多方面仍然是个谜——甚至科学家在谈论它时偶尔也会用“神奇”这个词)”可知，科学家们对大脑同步现象的了解还不够深入，需要进一步的研究。故选C。34.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的句子“Withsynchronyandotherlevelsofneuralinteraction,humansteachandlearn,forgefriendshipsandromances,andcooperateandconverse.(通过同步和其他级别的神经交互，人类教导和学习、建立友谊和浪漫关系、合作和交谈)”可知，大脑同步现象可能会促进团队成员之间的合作。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whilemostofusworkhardtoshineatthepresentationsandspeecheswecanpreparefor,wemayfindimpromptu(即兴的)communicationscary.Actually,youjustneedtolearnspecificskillstocommunicateeffectivelywhenputonthespot.Hereareafewpointers.35Whatdoyouwantyouraudiencetoknow?Howdoyouwantthemtofeel,andwhatdoyouwantthemtodo?Havingaclearobjectivepairedwithanawarenessofyouraudiencewillnarrowyourfocus.Thenyoucanprioritizewhattosayandchooseyourexactwordsmorewisely.OrganizeYourThoughts.Whenmakingformalpresentations,mostpeoplegivealogicalstructurethataudiencescaneasilyfollow.Butfewofusadequatelyorganizethoughtsinimpromptusituations.36Infact,thebestspeakersmaintainaudienceinterestbydemonstratingconnectionsamongspecificpo