新高考英语一轮复习语法填空专题02 非谓语动词（原卷版）

高考英语一轮复习语法填空专题应对策略专题02非谓语动词目录一命题规律动词不定式的功能、分词(现在分词、过去分词)的用法区别、动名词等非谓语动词的时态、语态的综合考查二备考策略牢记非谓语动词的三种形式,非谓语动词做状语,“be+过去分词+介词”，非谓语动词做宾语、定语、状语、补语等。三基本知识非谓语动词的用法四真题训练近五年新高考非谓语动词专题训练五思路点拨1.分析非谓语动词发生的时间以及非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系2.掌握非谓语动词的固定句式结构3．牢记后跟非谓语动词的特定动词六考点归纳当句中已有谓语动词，空格前又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列时，所给动词要填非谓语动词。此时，就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用其具体形式(doing,done,todo)。七考点练透再次巩固所掌握的知识点体系并能灵活应用命题规律：动词不定式的功能、分词(现在分词、过去分词)的用法区别、动名词等的时态、语态的综合考查备考策略：1.牢记非谓语动词的三种形式：doing现在分词表主动、进行；done过去分词表被动、完成；todo表目的、将来2.如果出现“谓语动词,句子”或者“句子，谓语动词”的结构，一般是非谓语动词做状语，你只需要判断括号里V词与主句主语之间的关系是主动还是被动，还是表目的。3.“be+过去分词+介词”结构，如beabsorbed/dressed/trapped/occupiedin,beequipped/loaded/burdenedwith,beaccustomed/devoted/committed/addictedtodoing，做非谓语动词去掉be即可。4.不定式作结果状语，多用于too…to,enoughtodo,onlytodo,so…asto,suchasto等结构。5.不定式用于be+adj+todo6.with的复合结构是常考点7.做宾语补足语的情况常见动词have、hear、notice、find、see8.非谓语动词做定语的情况基本知识:非谓语动词的用法(一)填非谓语动词时要填不定式todo的情况：1.主语：Itis/was＋adj./n.＋for/ofsb.todosth.Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.宾语(1)有些动词只能用不定式作宾语：决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装decide/determine,

learn,

want,

expect/hope/wish;

refuse,

manage,

care,

pretend主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮offer,

promise,

choose,

plan;

agree,

ask/beg,

help(2)find/think/believe/consider/make/feel＋it＋adj./n.＋todosth.3.表语：不定式作表语多表示某一次具体的、特定的或有待实现的动作(aim,dream,plan,purpose等后)4.定语：(1)不定式作定语表示将来的动作；(2)不定式用来修饰被序数词、最高级或only,next等修饰的中心词，且与中心词为逻辑上的主动关系；(3)下列名词或代词，常用不定式作定语。ability,chance,opportunity,plan,attempt,way,something,idea,hope,wish,fact,excuse,promise等。5.状语：(1)作目的状语。表示“为了”，可以单独放在句首、句中或句末。如果强调目的性，不定式前也可加inorder或soas，但soasto不能置于句首。(2)作结果状语。不定式作结果状语常表示令人意外的结果，有时前面加only，以加强语气。onlytodo表示意想不到的结果enoughtodo 足够做……too...todo 太……而不能……so/such...asto... 如此……以至于……作原因状语。表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词作表语时，后可接不定式作原因状语，用以说明产生这种心理活动或情绪的原因，常用于这类结构的形容词有sorry,surprised,disappointed,excited,glad,happy,anxious,delighted,pleased,foolish等。6.宾语补足语：(1)在很多动词后都可以用不定式作宾语补足语，如:ask,want,invite,get,force,expect,allow,persuade,order,warn,remind,prefer,cause,permit,forbid,advise,teach等。(2)下列动词(短语)接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语：一感(feel)，二听(hear,listento)，三使(let，have,make)，五看(see,notice,observe,watch,lookat)，半帮助(help)，但在变为被动语态时需加to。动词不定式的时态和语态的构成和用法形式意义主动语态被动语态一般式与句子谓语动词的动作同时发生或在谓语动词的动作之后发生to

doto

be

done进行式在谓语动词的动作发生时正在进行to

be

doing—完成式在谓语动词的动作之前发生to

have

doneto

have

been

done（二）填非谓语动词时要填动名词v-ing的情况：1.主语：单个动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用三单形式；Itis/wasawaste(of...)/nouse/nogooddoingsth.2.表语：动名词作表语表示通常的情况，多指抽象的、经常性的动作：3.定语：动名词可置于名词前作定语，表示被修饰的名词的用途、性能或目的。4.宾语：(1)介词+v-ing(注意to为介词的情况)；(2)下列动词(短语)只能用动名词作宾语:考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想consider,

suggest/advise,

look

forward

to,

excuse/pardon;

admit,delay/put

off,

fancy避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏avoid,

miss,

keep/keep

on,

practice;

deny,

finish,

enjoy/appreciate禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡forbid,

imagine,

risk;

can't

help

(禁不住),

mind,

allow/permit,

escape(3)既可以接动名词作宾语，也可以接不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别：forget,remember,regret,mean,try,stop,goon（三）填非谓语动词时要填分词的情况：1.状语：分词作状语时，其逻辑主语是句子的主语，一般在句中作时间、原因、结果、方式、条件、伴随、让步等状语。2.表语：表示心理状态的动词-ing形式的形容词，意为“令人……的”；动词-ed形式的形容词，意为“(人)感到……的”，也可修饰体现内心感受的look，expression，tears，smile，voice等名词。Onhearingtheexcitingnews，sheshoutedinanexcitedvoice.现在分词(doing)表示主动、进行Today

there

are

more

airplanes

carrying

more

people

than

ever

before

in

the

sky.当今，空中更多的飞机运载着比以往更多的人。过去分词(done)表示被动、完成The

bridge

built

in

2012

was

designed

by

a

local

company.2012年建造的这座桥是由当地的一家公司设计的。3.定语4.宾语补足语：(1)现在分词作宾语补足语表示主动、进行常用现在分词作宾语补足语的词语有feel，find，hear，notice，observe，see，watch，get，have，keep，leave，send，set，listen

to，look

at等。Sometimes

she

would

listen

to

him

playing

the

saxophone.(2)过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动、完成常用过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有have，make，get，find，see，notice，watch，hear，feel，want，like等。Iwillhavemybikerepairedtomorrow.现在分词的时态和语态的构成和用法形式意义主动语态被动语态一般式与谓语动词的动作同时发生doingbeing

done完成式先于谓语动词的动作完成having

donehaving

been

done总结：提示词为动词考非谓语动词的策略1．分析非谓语动词发生的时间以及非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系(1)若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，且正在进行，要想到用现在分词形式(doing)；(2)若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是动宾关系，且表完成，要想到用过去分词形式(done);(3)若非谓语动词表将来的动作，或作目的状语，或跟在表示喜怒哀乐的形容词后表示原因或意料之外的结果等，要想到用不定式形式(todo)。2．掌握非谓语动词的固定句式结构(1)It's＋形容词＋(for/ofsb.＋)todosth.；Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.(2)It'snogood/use/pleasuredoingsth.；(3)find/think/believe/consider＋it＋adj.＋todosth.；3．牢记后跟非谓语动词的特定动词(1)牢记用动名词或不定式作宾语的动词；(2)牢记用动词不定式或分词作补足语的动词。(3)既可以接动名词作宾语，也可以接不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别：forget,remember,regret,mean,try,stop,goon非谓语动词作定语1.现在分词作定语，表示动作主动，正在进行，若表示”正在被……”，则用beingdone.2.过去分词作定语表示被动，完成。3.当名词被形容词最高级，序数词(thefirst,thelast等）修饰时，用todo作定语4.抽象名词ability,plan,chance,promise,wishopportunity,responsibility等后常用ability,plan,chance,promise,wishopportunity,responsibility作后置定语。非谓语动词作宾补1.常用不定式作宾补的动词有：tell,order,allow,permit,enable,persuade,force,warn,encourage,ask,invite,expect.感官动词和使役动词后的不定式作宾补，在主动语态中要省略不定式的符号to,但在被动语态中to要还原。2.现在分词作宾补，表主动，进行。常接现在分词作宾补的动词有感官动词和使役动词，但注意，have/leavesbdoingsth译为“让宾语一直做……”。3.过去分词作宾补，被动，完成4.with+O+OC todo将来，目的doing进行，主动done完成，被动非谓语动词作状语1.分词作状语，要与主句保持逻辑主语一致2.现在分词作状语，现在分词与句子主语是主动关系，可以表伴随原因,时间或条件，表示意料之中的结果，用doing,若表示分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，则用havingdone.3.过去分词作状语，过去分词与句子主语是被动关系4.不定式作状语可以表目的,onlytodo表示意料之外的结果,形容词或过去分词作表语时，后接todo作状语常见的形容词有:happy,lucky,anxious,proud,disappointed,surprised,delighted,foolish,pleased,fortunate等,主系表+todo，用主动表被动真题训练1.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷·57)Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether____57____(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),58（or）toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.2.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷·59)Shanghaimaybethe____59____(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfoodhistorianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolongBao’sbirthplace..recognized3.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷·61)Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem____61____(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyof62(their)contents..tobelifted.their4.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷·65)NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteameris64(rarely)enough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft______65______(want)morenexttime.5.(2023年新高考Ⅱ卷·60)Theytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandto60__________(visit)Chinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.6.(2022年新高考Ⅰ卷·56)___________(cover)anareaaboutthreetimesthesizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.7.(2022年新高考Ⅰ卷·59)Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareas,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority_____________(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.8.(2022年新高考Ⅱ卷·56)Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedovera1.2-metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthe_________(fall)child.9.(2022年新高考Ⅱ卷·59)Ericwokeupalittlelaterwhenheheardchildrenplayingoutside.Hepushedachairontothebalcony(阳台),andclimbedup________(see)them.10.(2022年全国甲卷·61)Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an,asafirststep____________(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路线)byfoot.11.(2022年全国甲卷·63)InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation______(hold)inBeijing,Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.12.(2022年全国乙卷·66)Chinahasaresponsibilitytoworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha___________(share)futureformankind.13.(2022年全国乙卷·68)______________(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia.14.(2021年新高考Ⅰ卷·60)Strange,isn’tit?Butthat’shownatureis—alwaysleavingus____________(astonish).15.(2021年新高考Ⅰ卷·63)Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventureandoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour_____________(ache)legs.16.(2021年新高考Ⅱ卷·57)Iwasupsettolearnthatmanyseaanimalseatplasticgarbage,___________(think)itisfood.17.(2021年新高考Ⅱ卷·58)Idecidedtodosomething___________(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem.18.(2021年新高考Ⅱ卷·62)Iwasso________(excite)whenhewrotebacktome.Hesaidhewouldmakesurethatthecompanycutitsuseofplasticstrawsinhalf.19.(2021年全国甲卷·43)Itispossible________(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometers.20.(2021年全国甲卷·44)After___________(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeaction…21.(2021年全国乙卷·61)It(Ecotourism)isdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome____________(educate)abouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics…22.(2021年全国乙卷·70)Activitiesthererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(远足)andaccommodationsaim__________(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.23.(2020年全国Ⅱ卷·63)Theyrepresenttheearth_________(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.24.(2020年全国Ⅱ卷·68)Theyareeasy________(care)forandmakegreatpresents.25.(2020年全国Ⅲ卷·69)Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds____________(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.26.(2019年全国Ⅲ卷·62)Onourwaytothehouse,itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn’thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake_______(get)there.27.(2019年全国Ⅲ卷·70)Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarm,__________(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.28.(2018年全国Ⅱ卷·70)China’sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile_________(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,”saysthebank’sJuergenVoegele.29.(2018年全国Ⅲ卷·64)Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid________(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn’tfeelchallenged.30.(2018年全国Ⅲ卷·70)Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme_______(stay)andwatch.思路点拨:当句中已有谓语动词，空格前又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列时，所给动词要填非谓语动词。此时，就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用其具体形式(doing,done,todo)。考点归纳:作主语作主语通常用动名词(一般情况)或不定式形式(具体情况)。如：①__________(smoke)maycausecancer,soyoushouldgiveitup.【解析】在谓语maycause前面一定是作主语,“吸烟可能导致癌症”是一般情况,故填Smoking,注意句首第一个单词的第一个字母要大写。②Itisclearthat_________(finish)thistaskwilltakealongtime.【解析】完成这项任务是一次具体的情况，故用不定式，填tofinish。(2)用不定式或动名词作主语的特殊句型。此外，还需熟记下列固定句式：①Itisnecessaryforustobeconstantlyremindedofourshortcomings.经常有人提醒我们自身的缺点是有必要的。②It’sverykindofyoutotellmethetruth.你真好，告诉我真相。③It’snousequarrellingaboutit.Weareallinthesameboat.为此事争吵是没有用的。我们处境相同。2.作宾语(1)在介词后作宾语一般只用动名词。常考的有以下7个，请牢记：①beusedtodoingsth习惯做某事②beaccustomedtodoingsth习惯做某事③bedevotedtodoingsth致力于做某事④devoteoneselftodoingsth致力于做某事⑤lookforwardtodoingsth盼望做某事⑥objecttodoingsth反对做某事⑦beaddictedtodoingsth沉迷于做某事;专心致志于做某事(2)只能接不定式的动词或短语。(3)只能接动名词的动词或短语。(4)接不定式与接动名词意思有差别的动词或短语也必须掌握。请用规范工整的英语完成搭配后，熟读牢记：汉语意思英文搭配1记得去做某事.rememberdoing

sth记得做过某事.rememberto

do

sth2忘记去做某事

.forgetto

do

sth忘记做过某事

.forgetdoing

sth3遗憾做某事.regretto

do

sth后悔做过某事.regretdoing

sth4尽力做某事.tryto

do

sth尝试做某事.trydoing

sth5有意/故意去做某事.meanto

do

sth意味着做某事.meandoing

sth6停下来去做某事.stopto

do

sth停止做某事.stopdoing

sth7接着做另一事.goonto

do

sth继续做同一事.goondoing

sth8需要做某事.need/requireto

do

sth某事需要被做.need/requiredoing

sth9想做某事.wantto

do

sth某事需要被做.wantdoing

sth3.作定语单个分词作定语，如表示正在进行或经常发生的动作用现在分词，如表示已经完成的动作则用过去分词。如分词短语作定语，要根据与逻辑主语的关系，是主动关系用现在分词，是被动关系就用过去分词。若是表示未来的情况(发生在谓语动词之后)或表示“有……要……”用动词不定式，在最高级或“序数词(+名词)”后或在plan,ability,chance,way等抽象名词后作定语也要用不定式。又如：①Theconference________(take)placenextmonthisboundtobeagreatsuccess.【解析】由nextmonth可知表示未来，故用不定式作定语，填totake。②Jack,ahard-workingstudent,isalwaysthefirst_________(come)toschoolandthelasttoleave.【解析】序数词后用不定式作定语，故填tocome。③Happinessistheability__________(make)themostofwhatwehave.【解析】在抽象名词ability后，表示“做某事的能力”，用不定式作定语，故填tomake。作状语在形容词后作状语用不定式。(2)作目的状语也只能用不定式。(3)作伴随状语、原因状语、时间状语要根据与逻辑主语的关系，用现在分词(主动)或过去分词(被动)。如：①__________(satisfy)withwhathedid,theteacherpraisedhiminclass.【解析】因satisfy(使……满意)与theteacher在逻辑上有动宾关系，即theteacher与satisfy是被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，表示原因，填Satisfied。句意：因为老师对他所做的事情很满意，所以在班上表扬了他。②_________(hear)thathismotherwasill,LiLeihurriedhomequickly.【解析】因LiLei与hear在逻辑上有主谓关系，即LiLei与hear是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，填Hearing。句意：当李雷听到母亲生病的消息后，马上赶回了家。作补语(1)要根据与逻辑主语的关系，用现在分词(主动)或过去分词(被动)。如：Igotonthebusandfoundaseatneartheback,andthenInoticedaman________(sit)atthefront.【解析】因aman与sit是主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补，填sitting。也可由固定句式noticesbdoing/dosth(注意到某人在做/做了某事)而知，也可填sit。这类句型还有：这类句型还有：△see/watch/observe/hearsbdoingsth看见/观看/观察到/听到某人正在做某事△see/watch/observe/hearsbdosth看见/观看/观察到/听到某人做某事(全过程)△find/feel/catchsbdoingsth发现/感觉/撞见某人正在做某事△let/make/havesbdosth让/使某人做某事△havesbdoingsth让某人一直做某事△havesb/sthdone让别人做某事用不定式作主补或宾补的固定搭配很多，也常考。如［真题再练］第25题。用省略to的不定式作宾补的动词。如have(使)，let(让)，make(使)等使役动词和see,hear等感官动词。但变被动时，省略的to要补回来，如：makesbdosth的被动式为sbbemadetodosth。6.情感类动词的分词形容词作形容词用的情感类-ing分词(令人……的)与-ed分词(感到……的)的差别。动词原形中文意思1及物动词surprise使惊讶现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)surprising令人惊讶的过去分词形容词(常形容人)surprised感到惊讶的2及物动词astonish使惊讶现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)astonishing令人惊讶的过去分词形容词(常形容人)astonished感到惊讶的3及物动词.shock使震惊现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)shocking令人震惊的过去分词形容词(常形容人)shocked感到震惊的4及物动词amaze使惊异现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)amazing令人惊异的过去分词形容词(常形容人)amazed感到惊异的5及物动词terrify使恐惧现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)terrifying令人恐惧的过去分词形容词(常形容人)terrified感到恐惧的6及物动词frighten使恐惧现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)frightening令人恐惧的过去分词形容词(常形容人)frightened感到恐惧的7及物动词threaten恐吓；威胁现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)threatening威胁的过去分词形容词(常形容人)threatened受到威胁的8及物动词worry使担忧现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)worrying令人担忧的过去分词形容词(常形容人)worried感到担忧的9及物动词please使愉快现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)pleasing令人愉快的过去分词形容词(常形容人)pleased感到愉快的10及物动词excite使兴奋现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)exciting令人兴奋的过去分词形容词(常形容人)excited感兴奋到的11及物动词satisfy使满意现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)satisfying令人满意的过去分词形容词(常形容人)satisfied感到满意的12及物动词interest使感兴趣现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)interesting有趣的过去分词形容词(常形容人)interested感兴趣的13及物动词move使感动现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)moving令人感动的过去分词形容词(常形容人)moved受感动的14及物动词touch感动（某人）现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)touching感人的过去分词形容词(常形容人)touched受感动的15及物动词inspire鼓舞（某人）现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)inspiring鼓舞人的过去分词形容词(常形容人)inspired受鼓舞的16及物动词encourage鼓励（某人）现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)encouraging令人鼓舞的过去分词形容词(常形容人)encouraged鼓舞的17及物动词relax使轻松现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)relaxing令人轻松的过去分词形容词(常形容人)relaxed感到轻松的18及物动词convince使确信现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)convincing令人信服的过去分词形容词(常形容人)convinced确信的19及物动词bore使厌烦现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)boring枯燥乏味的过去分词形容词(常形容人)bored感到无聊的20及物动词tire使疲倦现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)tiring令人疲倦的过去分词形容词(常形容人)tired感到疲倦的21及物动词disappoint使失望现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)disappointing令人失望的过去分词形容词(常形容人)disappointed感到失望的22及物动词confuse使迷惑现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)confusing令人迷惑的过去分词形容词(常形容人)confused感到迷惑的23及物动词puzzle使困惑现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)puzzling令人困惑的过去分词形容词(常形容人)puzzled感到困惑的24及物动词annoy使不悦现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)annoying令人生气的过去分词形容词(常形容人)annoyed生气的25及物动词discourage使气馁现在分词形容词(常形容事、物)discouraging使人泄气的过去分词形容词(常形容人)discouraged气馁的7.固定句式中的非谓语动词1中文意思英文搭配2感谢某人做了某事thanksbfordoingsth3表扬某人做了某事praisesbfordoingsth4责备某人做了某事scoldsbfordoingsth5责骂某人做了某事blamesbfordoingsth6处罚某人做了某事punishsbfordoingsth7原谅某人做了某事excuse/forgivesbfordoingsth8最好做某事hadbetterdosth9何不做某事呢？Whynotdosth?10……怎么样？How/Whataboutdoingsth?11一般说来generallyspeaking12根据……来看judgingfrom13更糟糕的是tomakematters/thingsworse14阻止某人做某事prevent/stopsb(from)doingsth/keepsbfromdoingsth15禁止某人做某事ban/forbidsbfromdoingsth16在做某事方面花费时间spendtime(in)doingsth17在做某事方面浪费时间wastetime(in)doingsth18在做某事方面有困难havesomedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth8.其他：作形容词的特殊分词有gone(离去的，已去的，丢失的)；lost(迷失的，丢失的)；missing(不见的)等。作介词用的有concerning(关于),regarding(关于),respecting(关于,鉴于),including(包括),given(考虑到)等。作介词或连词的有considering(考虑到，就……而论)。考点练透在下列各句空白处填入所给单词的正确形式，并说明理由。1.Youmayalsofinditdifficult________(get)tosleepifyouhaveaproblemorsomethingelseonyourmind.2.Butwhenhebegantowalk,theotherboyimitatedhim.WooSingstopped_________(think)aboutthesestrangeactions,sayingtohimself,“Thisboyisfoolingme.HedoeseverythingthatIdo.”3.“Nothingdoing.Rightnowitistime________(have)fun,”thesillygrasshopperreplied.4.Weshouldmakeeveryeffort_______________(prevent)violencehappeningatschool,formoreandmorestudentswoulddropoutofschooliftheirpersonalsafetycouldnotbeguaranteed.5.Assoonaswewerealoneshebegantotalktomeabouthowimportantitwas_________(stand)onyourowntwofeetandberesponsibleforyourownacts.6.Youmightfeeldizzyandnervous,butthetopisalwaystherewaitingforyouaslongasyouarestrongenough________(take)onemorestep.7.TheOlympicsareexpected__________(attract)tensofthousandsofpeople.8.Theydesignedandbuiltarobot…Thestudentsmadetherobot___________(answer)achallengefromtheU.S.DepartmentofDefense.9.Contestsaregenerallylimitedto15minutes_________(avoid)puttingtoomuchpressureonthebody.10.Ittookrescuersanothertwohours____________(discover)Nancy.11.Sixdaysofspringrainhadcreatedawildriver_________(run)byNancyBrown’sfarm.12.Youmayhavetrouble_________(sleep)ifyouhaveaheavymealjustbeforeyougotobed.13.Wecanstartthehabitby_________(write)learningsummariesandremembertorecordsomethingimpressiveandmeaningful.14.GraduallyIfoundmyselfback,__________(deliver)myspeechwithdifficulty.15.__________(Realize)itwasourlasthighschoolsportsmeeting,wedecidedtomakeitanunforgettableexperienceforallofus.16.Onthestand,myclassmatesapplaudedandcheeredfortheathletes,some________(raise)theircamerastocapturetheexcitingmoments.17.Insidethebuilding,thestudentssawnothingbutbrokenwallsanddoorsandpiecesofthebuilding_____(lie)allovertheplace.18.Alltheinsectsandanimalswereworkinghardtostorefoodforwinter,exceptthegrasshopper(蚱蜢),whospenthisdays________(jump)fromleaftoleaf.19.Studentswholistentoclassicalmusicwhile_________(study)performbetter.20.Thus,goodlearninghabitscanhelpusgaingreatlearningresults,___________(include)highscoresandabundantknowledge.21.Duringthetest,thegirl________(sit)nexttomewhisperedsomething,butIcouldn’tunderstand.22.FormorethansixmillionAmericanchildren,cominghomeafterschoolmeans_________(come)toanemptyhouse.23.TheHotDogEatingContestonConeyIslandhasbecomeaverypopularevent,____________(attract)TVaudiencesover1.5million.24.ArealtrialbeganwhenIstoodontheplatformwithmylegs____________(e)andmymindblank.25.Hetookadeepbreathasheopenedtheexampaper________(hand)tohim.26.TheNorthernEssexCommunityCollege(NECC)studentsandoneoftheirteachersspentpartoftheirspringbreakinNewYorkCity,helpingrepairanarea__________(destroy)bythehurricane.27.Alotofkidshadchainsaroundtheirneckswithkeys_________(attach).28.ItwasthefirstOlympics______(hold)inSouthAmerica.29.Inaletter____________(publish)inamagazine,MrGovesays:“ItmaybetoolatetosayI’msorry.”30.Thecheerfulandoptimisticrabbitthrewhimselfawaylookingforthecarrot,digginghereandthere,totally___________(convince)thathewouldfindit.31.Whentherewasnoplaceinthewholefield_____(leave)todig,therabbitdugatunnelrighttowherethedoghadbeenlyingallthetime.32.JustimaginehowterriblyshyIwasthemomentIthoughtofthatwithsomanyeyes______(fix)uponme.33.IthastheRoyalDanishAcademyofFineArtandtheRoyalLibraryhousedinarathergrandbuilding_______(call)theBlackDiamond.34.Therewillbemanywonderfulperformances____________(present)bytheteachersandthestudentsinourschool.35.Ifeltquite________(excite)afterhearingthe_________(excite)news.36.TuYouyouisthefirstChinesewoman_______(win)theNobelPrizeinmedicine.37.Whilewaitingfortheopportunitytoget__________(promote),Henrydidhisbesttoperformhisduty.Iregret_______(tell)youthatIcan’ttakepartinyourpartynextSundaybecauseIhavetoattendameetingthen.39.It’snouse_____________(complain)withouttakingaction.40.It’squitehottoday.Doyoufeellike_________(go)foraswim?41.Iheardapassengerbehindmeshoutingtothedriver,butherefused____________（stop)untilwereachedthenextstop.42.____________（avoid)suchtroubles,weshouldcomparesimilaritemsondifferentonlinestoresandpaymoreattentiontowhatothercustomerssay.43.Wecansavethousandsayearifwecomparethepricesofsimilaritemsbefore____________（decide)tobuy.44.Afteradisappointingperformance,sheswore____________（work)harderandimprove.Shedidit.45.Inmymind,ourdiscussionsarehelpingustobecomecalmandconsider____________（win)thegameandsolvingrealproblemsaswell.46.Hehurriedtotherailwaystation,only____________（find)thetrainhadleft.47.Shestoodbesideastandforawhile,____________（watch)themiddle-agedsellerbusydoinghisbusiness.48.By2025thenumberoftheworld'spopulation____________（live)incountriesofsignificantwatershortagewillalmostdouble,to6billionpeople.49.Inorder____________（tell)thestoryoftherockstarastruthfullyaspossible,Malekhadtogivehisa