小升初语法专题-介词（讲义）人教PEP版英语六年级下册

小升初英语PEP版第一轮总复习考点专题精讲专题2—介词考点解密考点解密介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的词，它一般用来表示时间、地点和方式,同一个介词常和不同的词形成固定搭配，表示不同意义。这一专题我们主要学习时间、地点和方式介词的用法，考查形式是选择题和填空题。通过这一专题的学习,我们要知道常见介词on,in,at,to,for,with等的基本用法，熟记常见介词短语的搭配、主要用法及其中文意思。考点预备区考点预备区考点：常用的介词辨析考点：常用的介词辨析▶▶时间介词用于表示时刻或时间的某一点atnine(o'clock)在9点用于具体的某一天、星期几，某一天的上午、下午或晚上前onthenightofJuly1st在7月1日的夜晚特指某日的上午(下午或晚上)时用ononSundaymorning在周日早上在重大节日前也可用ononChristmas在圣诞节用于表示周、月、季节、年前，泛指上午、下午、晚上前inthisweek在这周inthemorning在早上before意为“在……之前”或“某一时间之前”Washyourhandsbeforemeal.饭前要洗手。Youshouldgethomebefore10atnight.你应当在晚上10点前到家。after意为“在……之后”Theyoftenplayfootballafterschool.他们放学后经常踢足球。from表示时间时，常和to连用，构成from…to…结构Hekeptonworkingfromseventotwelvelastnight.他昨晚从7点到12点始终在工作。▶▶典型例题例1：The24thWinterOlympicGameswasheld2022,Beijing.A.atB.fromC.onD.in【答案】D【方法点拨】句意：2022年，第24届冬奥会在北京进行。由题意得知，2022表示年份，表示年份前用时间介词in,所以选D。▶▶方位介词例词例句on表示两个物体的表面相互接触Thepenisonthebox钢笔在盒子上面。over意为“在……的正上方”,两个物体的表面没有接触Theskyisoverourheads.天空在我们的头顶上。above表示两个物体中一个在另一个的上方，但不肯定垂直，两个物体间也没有接触Theplaneisflyingaboveclouds.飞机在云上飞行。under意为“在……的正下方”Thereisaballunderthebox.箱子下面有个球。below意为“在……的下面”,但只是低于某一点，不强调是否在正下方Fromthetopofthehill,wecouldseetheblueoceanbelow.我们从山顶上可以看到下边的蓝色大海。in意为“在……里面”,也用来表示在一个很大的空间内Maryworksinabank玛丽在银行工作。at表示在某地，后接小地点Iwillwaitforyouatthetrainstation.我将在火车站等你。▶▶典型例题例2：Thebirdsareflyingthetrees.A.onB.atC.aboveD.over【答案】C【方法点拨】句意:鸟儿们正在树的上空飞行。这几个选项中on表示两个物体的表面相互接触;at表示在某个地点;above表示两个物体中一个在另一个的.上方,但不肯定垂直，两个物体间也没有接触;over意为“在....的正上方”,两个物体的表面没有接触。所以选C。▶▶动向介词例词意思into意为“向里”outof意为“向外’up意为“向上”down意为“向下”from意为“从……”“来自……”to意为“到……”“向……”“往……”through意为“从……里面穿过”,指“穿过”这一动作在某个物体的空间内进行along意为“沿着……’across意为“穿过”,这一动作在物体的表面进行▶▶典型例题例3：Let'stakeawalktheriverafterdinner.A.alongB.throughC.uponD.over【答案】A【方法点拨】句意：让我们晚饭后沿着河闲逛     吧。along意为“沿着”,through意为“穿过”,upon意为“依据”,over意为“在……上方”,依据常识，闲逛     只能沿着河流，故选A。▶▶方式介词例词用法例子by意为“靠……;用……;以……;乘……’byplane乘飞机In使用某种语言或工具inEnglish用英语说inataxi乘坐出租车On使用某种交通工具onabus乘公交车onfoot步行with使用某种工具或身体某部位来做某事Heeatsnoodleswithafork.他用叉子吃面条。▶▶典型例题例4：WhatdoyoucallitChinese?A.inB.onC.of【答案】A【方法点拨】“in+语言”表示用某种语言表达，所以选A。▶▶地点介词例词用法例子at①用于较小的地方②意为“经由……’③街道有号码时用at④意为“在……内”“在……外部”“在……旁边”atthestation在车站goinatoneearandgooutattheother左耳进，右耳出at66ParkStreet在公园街66号athome在家on①on+街道名称②意为“与……表面接触”“在……之上”onParkStreet在公园街onthetable在桌子上in①用于较大场所，若意为“在……之内”,可以用于小地方②当两个地名连用的时候，大的地名用in,小的用atinChina在中国inthelibrary在图书馆里HewasbornatFangshaninBeijing他诞生于北京房山。▶▶典型例题例5：WeusuallystayhomeonSaturdayafternoon.A.inB.onC.ofD.at【答案】D【方法点拨】句意：周六下午我们通常待在家里。athome意为“在家”,是个固定短语，所以选D。▶▶其他介词例词意思for表示目的、对象，意为“为……”about表示某种事物的内容，意为“关于”with意为“和……一起”in意为“戴着of表示所属关系，意为“……的”like表示比较，意为“像……”▶▶典型例题例6：Whatwouldyouliketoeatbreakfast?A.inB.onC.forD.at【答案】C【方法点拨】句意：你早餐想吃什么?in意为“在……之内”,on意为“在……上面”,for表示目的、对象，意为“为……”,at表示地点或时间。所以选C。考点过关区考点过关区精编常考易考过关检测试题班级姓名第一层：基础过关题一、用适当介词填空1.fivenoonnightschool2.1999Maysummerthemorning3.SundaySundaymorningMarch8thawarmmorning4.thefarmtherightWashyourhandsdinner.5.Ioftenplayfootballmyfriendsschool.二、选择填空()1.Thetrainwillstartfiveo'clock.A.inB.atC.forD.still()2.Mikedoeshisexercisesseventheevening.A.on;toB.at;inC.by;ofD.at;on()3.ChildrenwakeupveryearlythemorningofChristmasDay.A.inB.onC.forD.at()4.Johnoftentakesawalkhisgrandpaafterdinner.A.toB.forC.alongD.with()5.Weplantedsomeflowersthegarden.A.inB.onC.atD.over三、选词填空1.Myfatherusuallygoestowork(at,in,on)8:00.2.Thepartywillbegin(at,in,on)2:00p.m.3.Wenevergoshopping(at,in,on)theevening.4.Igetupat7:30(at,in,on)themorning.5.Christmasis(at,in,on)December25th.6.Whatisthefirstlesson(课)(at,in,on)Tuesday?四、将下列词组翻译成汉语1.aftersupper2.atnight3.underthetree4.onthebed5.behindthedoor6.infrontofthedoor五、阅读下面对话,从方框内选择正确的介词填空,每个介词只能用一次。A.nextB.likeC.overD.onE.withJohn:Whataretheydoing1.there?David:Theyareplayingfootball2.theplayground.John:Itlooksfin.Look.Whoistheman3.tothem?David:Helooks4.ourPEteacher.John:Shallwegothereandtakeaphoto5.them?David:Great!六、选择填空()1.theafternoonofMay8th,wevisitedtheoldman.A.OnB.AtC.In()2.Manypeopleworkthedayandsleepnight.A.on;atB.in;inC.in;at()3.HespeaksJapanesebestourclass.A.betweenB.withC.in()4.Helefthomeacoldwinterevening.A.atB.onC.in()5.ShanghaiisthecastofChina.AinB.onC.to()6.Ireallycan'tagreeyou.A.toB.onC.with()7.Sheusuallygoestoworktaxi.A.byB.onC.in()8.Whatwillyouhavebreakfastthismorning?A.withB.forC.by七、下面每个句子都有一处错误,画出来并改正1.Therearetwopicturesinthewall.2.CanyouwriteitonChinese?3.Weliveattheearth.4.Sheusuallygoestoworkonbus.5.Bobisoneinmyfriends.八、看图,填写合适的单词补全短文inbesideonunderbehindinfrontofLookatthepicture.Thisismyroom.Theballis1.thebed.Thedogis2.？I'sthedesk.Thetoybearis3.thebox.Thekiteis4.thedesk.Whatabouttheschoolbag?Itis5.thepencilThechairis6.thedesk.九、用所给的介词填空(可重复)inforwithontoatof1.Gostraightahead,thepostofficeisyourright.2.Wecouldbuyhamburgerslunch.3.Youcancomeandhavedinnerus4.Ipaintedapicturehorses.5.Billisaheavyboyshorthair.6.It'sapostcardfromChinatheUSA.7.1livetheeighthfloor.8.Areyoulisteningme?9.WeusuallystayhomeSaturdayafternoon.其次层：拓展提升题一、介词短语翻译(in,on,at)1.在下午2.在中午3.在房子里4.在街上5.在晚上二、选用括号内恰当的介词填空1.What'sthis(at,on,in)English?2.TheShenzhou-14mannedspaceship(载人飞船)waslaunched(放射)(at,on,in)Junefifth,2022inChina.3.Theman(with,on,in)blackisSuHai'sfather.4.Hedoesn'tdowell(at,on,in)PE.5.Lookatthosebirds(on,in)thetee.6.Wearegoingtomeet(at,on,in)thebusstop(at,on,in)halfpastten.三、介词填空1.TonyisChina.2.Thisisaphotomyfamily.3.BettyisEnglish.Whatyou?4.It'scold.I'llputmyscarf.5.Wheredoyoucome?6.Pleaselookthispicture.四、英汉互译1.lookafter2.listento3.playwith4.onthefarm5.theboyinwhite6.在河的四周7.在树的后面8.在床底下9.乘火车10.在墙上五、选择填空()1.Aplaneisflyingthecity.A.onB.overC.aboveD.at()2.Youmustpayattentionthetrafficlights.A.onB.inC.toD.of()3.It'swrongtoplayjokesotherpeople.A.onB.ofC.withD.to()4.Ipaidtwohundredyuanthatkindofbicycle.A.inB.forC.onD.with()5.Iwon'taskaboutit.I'mgoingtoseeitmyowneyes.A.byB.forC.withD.at()6.Thereisasmallrivertwotowns.A.inB.betweenC.amongD.at()7.Areyougoingtothezoobusormycar?A.on;byB.by;inC.on;inD.by;on.()8.WetraveledovernighttoParisandarrived5o'clockthemorning.A.on;inB.at;inC.at;onD.in;on()9.Themousefellthewater.A.onB.inC.intoD.to()10.Therearemanyapplesthetree.Abirdthetreeispickinganapple.A.in;onB.on;inC.in;atD.at;on六、填上合适的介词1.IworkMondayFriday.2.CanyousingasongEnglish?3.Sundaymorning,heplayedfootballwithhisfriends.4.It'stimedinner.5.Who'sthewomantheblackdress?6.DothestudentsstayhomeSaturday?7.Themeetingended6p.m.8.Gothisroad,andtumleftthefirstcrossing.9.Canyoutellmethewaythezoo?10.TonyistherightofLily.七、时间介词和方位介词练习()1.Wereachedthetopofthemountain5o'clockthemorning.Aon;inB.at;inC.at;onD.in;on()2.AnewbridgetheYangtzeRiverinNanjingwasopentotrafficonApril24th,2022.A.throughB.overC.onD.along()3.GuangdongisthesouthofChina,andTaiwanistheeastofGuangdong.A.in;toB.to;toC.to;inD.in;in()4.JapanliestheeastofChina.A.toB.inC.aboutD.at()5.TomisbehindJim,soJimisTom.A.underB.infrontofC.behindD.after()6.Hepastesapicturethedeskbecausetherewasaholeit.A.on;onB.at;inC.on;inD.on;at()7.LookthemapChinathewall,please.A.after;of;inB.at;of;inC.after;in;onD.at;of;on()8.—Pleasecometomybirthdayparty.—Isee.I'llcomeSaturdayevening.A.inB.atC.onD.for.()9.Theywillhaveamathtesttwodays.A.forB.atC.inD.after()10.Mybrotherjoinedthearmy.A.2008,MarchB.inMarch,2008C.March,2008D.2008,inMarch八、选择正确的动向介词()1.ThevisitorsJapanarrivedBeijingStationlastTuesdaymorning.A.from;atB.of;toC.from;toD.of;on()2.Igotmanygiftsonmybirthdaymyfriends.A.toB.fromC.ofD.on()3.It'swarmtoday.Takeyourjacket.PutthisT-shirt.A.off;onB.out;ofC.of;onD.off;in.()4.Gothisstreet,andturnrightthesecondcrossing.A.along;onB.across;atC.across;onD.along;at()5.Canyoutellusthewaythecinema?A.forB.onC.toD.at九、选择正确的方式介词()1.QingdaoisfarfromChangsha.Let'splane.A.inB.byC.atD.on()2.What'sthetimeyourwatch?A.byB.ofC.onD.to()3.IcansingthesongChinese.A.onB.withC.inD.by()4.Peoplewritetheirhands.A.withB.byC.inD.for()5.TheT-shirtismadehand.A.inB.byC.withD.on十、选词填空,补全短文withtofromupatinonaboutforafterIamastudentinChina.MynameisKelly.Ilivemyparents.MyparentsteachEnglishNo.4MiddleSchool(中学).Istudyinthesameschool.Everymorning,wegetat7:00.Weusuallyhavemilkandbreadbreakfast.breakfast,wedriveschool.Becauseit'sfarmyhome.Ihavelunchatschool11:30.Wedon'tgotoschoolSaturdayorSunday.参考答案第一层：基础过关题一、1.at;at;at;at2.in;in;in;in3.on;on;on;on4.on;on;before5.with;after.二、1.B解析：at后面跟具体时间点。2.B解析：at后跟具体时间,in后跟时间段。3.B解析：on用于某一天的上午或下午。4.D5.A三、1.at2.at3.in4.in5.on6.on四、1.晚饭后2.在晚上3.在树下4.在床上5.在门后6.在门前面五、1.C2.D3.A4.B5.E六、1.A解析：某一天的上午或下午用on。2.C解析：泛指白天用in。atnight是固定搭配,意为“在晚上”。3.C解析：in意为“...”,表示在一个范围之中。4.B解析：on用于某季节的具体一天。5.A解析：in表示范围内,on表示接壤，to表示隔海相望。6.C解析：agreewith意为“同意”。7.A解析：表示乘坐某种交通工具用by。8.B解析：三餐前用介词for。七、1.in→on2.on→in3.at→on4.on→by5.in→of八、1.under2.beside3.in4.on5.behind6.infrontof九、1.on2.for3.with4.of5.with6.to7.on8.to9.at;on其次层：拓展提升题一、1.intheafternoon2.atnoon3.inthehouse4.inthestreet5.i