2025版高考英语一轮复习第1部分人与自我主题群1生活与学习主题语境7语言学习的规律方法等教师用书教案

PAGE主题语境(七)语言学习的规律、方法等阅读理解A(2024·全国卷Ⅰ·B)ForCanaanElementary'ssecondgradeinPatchogue，N.Y.，todayisspeechday，andrightnowit'sChrisPalaez'sturn.The8­year­oldisthejokeroftheclass.Withshiningdarkeyes，heseemslikethekindofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.Buthe'snervous.“I'mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould...should...”Christripsonthe“­ld，”apronunciationdifficultyformanynon­nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher，ThomasWhaley，isnexttohim，whisperingsupport.“...Votefor...me...”Exceptforsomestumbles，Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion，Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.Asonofimmigrants，ChrisstartedlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago.Whaleyrecallshowatthebeginningoftheyear，whencalledupontoread，Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom.LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbeapainfulexperience.Whatyouneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.“Ittakesalotforanystudent，”Whaleyexplains，“especiallyforastudentwhoislearningEnglishastheirnewlanguage，tofeelconfidentenoughtosay，‘Idon'tknow，butIwanttoknow.’”Whaleygottheideaofthissecond­gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.Theanswerbrokehisheart.Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboastaboutthemselves.“Boastingaboutyourself，andyourbestqualities，”Whaleysays，“isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了小学老师Whaley通过组织学生演讲来帮助学生增加自信的教学实践。1．WhatmadeChrisnervous?A．Tellingastory.B．Makingaspeech.C．Takingatest.D．Answeringaquestion.B[细微环节理解题。依据题干中的关键词nervous可定位到其次段第一句，然后应到前文中找使他惊慌的因素。依据第一段中的“...todayisspeechday，andrightnowit'sChrisPalaez'sturn.”和“...heseemslikethekindofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.”可知，今日是演讲日，现在轮到了Chris，虽然他看起来像那种喜爱在公共场合讲话的孩子，但是他很惊慌。由此可知，演讲使Chris惊慌。]2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumbles”inParagraph2referto?A．Improperpauses. B．Badmanners.C．Spellingmistakes. D．Sillyjokes.A[词义揣测题。依据其次段中的“youshould...should...”以及“...Votefor...me...”这样的语句特点可知，Chris的演讲不流畅，也就是说有不适当的停顿。这是他表现不好的地方，与画线词后的句意“他完成得特别好”构成转折关系，与短语exceptfor的语意相呼应。]3．WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaley'sprojectisto________.A．helpstudentsseetheirownstrengthsB．assessstudents'publicspeakingskillsC．preparestudentsfortheirfuturejobsD．inspirestudents'loveforpoliticsA[推理推断题。依据倒数其次段中的“Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboastaboutthemselves.”可知，Whaley创办这个项目的目的不仅仅是让学生学会阅读和在公共场合演讲，他还希望学生学会自夸。A项意为“帮助学生看到自己的特长”，与原文意思相符。]4．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacher?A．Humorous. B．Ambitious.C．Caring. D．Demanding.C[推理推断题。文章介绍了Whaley老师通过创办“总统竞选项目”，组织学生演讲来帮助学生增加自信。依据其次段中的“Histeacher，ThomasWhaley，isnexttohim，whisperingsupport.”和“...Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.”等细微环节也可看出Whaley老师是一个关切学生的老师。]B(2024·全国卷Ⅰ·C)Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears，butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter­gatherers，small，tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago，whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople，theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards，manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers，andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies，trade，industrialisation，thedevelopmentofthenation­stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation，especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades，allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear，anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish，SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent，theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages，oftenspokenbymanypeople，whilehot，wetzoneshavelots，oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages；theAmericasabout1,000；Africa2,400；andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200，ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000，whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡)，withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick，atrandom，BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers)，ChiapanecoinMexico(150)，LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one，withaquestion­mark)：noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.【语篇解读】本文是一篇文明文，主要介绍了全球语言多样性的发展变更以及现在所面临的危机。5．Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter­gatherertimes?A．Theydevelopedveryfast.B．Theywerelargeinnumber.C．Theyhadsimilarpatterns.D．Theywerecloselyconnected.B[推理推断题。依据第一段的最终一句“Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago，whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople，theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.”可知，在狩猎时代，人口少，语言却很丰富，故选B。]6．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinParagraph2?A．Complex. B．Advanced.C．Powerful. D．Modern.C[词义揣测题。依据其次段最终一句“Inrecentcenturies...allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear，anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish，SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.”可知，近几个世纪以来，随着社会的发展，很多语言已经消逝，英语、西班牙语、汉语渐渐占据主导地位。complex“困难的”；advanced“高级的，先进的”；powerful“有影响力的”；modern“现代的”。故选C。]7．Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?A．About6,800. B．About3,400.C．About2,400. D．About1,200.B[数字计算题。依据第三段最终一句“Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000，whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.”可知，目前全球不同语言运用人数的中位数仅是6000，这就意味着世界上有一半的语言的运用人数不到6000；结合第三段第一句“Atpresent，theworldhasabout6,800languages.”可知，选B。]8．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Newlanguageswillbecreated.B．People'slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.C．Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.D．Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.C[主旨大意题。依据第一段第一句中的“butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing”和其次段可知，随着人类社会的发展，尤其是工业化、全球化以来，很多语言已经消逝，即人类的发展使得语言的种类越来越少。故选C。]C(2024·天津卷·A)ALanguageProgrammeforTeenagersWelcometoTeenagersAbroad!Weinviteyoutojoinusonanamazingjourneyoflanguagelearning.OurCoursesRegardlessofyourchoiceofcourse，you'lldevelopyourlanguageabilitybothquicklyandeffectively.OurStandardCourseguaranteesasignificantincreaseinyourconfidenceinaforeignlanguage，withfocusedteachinginall4skillareas—speaking，listening，readingandwriting.OurIntensiveCoursebuildsonourStandardCourse，with10additionallessonsperweek，guaranteeingthefastestpossiblelanguagelearning(seetablebelow)．CourseTypeDaysNumberofLessonsCourseTimetableStandardCourseMon­Fri20lessons9：00­12：30IntensiveCourseMon­Fri20lessons9：00­12：3010lessons13：00­14：30EvaluationStudentsareplacedintoclassesaccordingtotheircurrentlanguageskills.Themajorityofthemtakeanonlinelanguagetestbeforestartingtheirprogramme.However，ifthisisnotavailable，studentssittheexamonthefirstMondayoftheircourse.Learningmaterialsareprovidedtostudentsthroughouttheircourse，andtherewillneverbemorethan15participantsineachclass.ArrivalsandTransferOurprogrammeoffersthefullpackage—studentsaretakengoodcareoffromthestartthroughtotheveryend.Theyarecollectedfromtheairportuponarrivalandbroughttotheiraccommodationincomfort.Werequirethestudent'sfullflightdetailsatleast4weeksinadvance.Meals/Allergies(过敏)/SpecialDietaryRequirementsStudentsareprovidedwithbreakfast，dinnerandeitheracookedorpackedlunch(whichconsistsofasandwich，adrinkandadessert)．Snacksoutsideofmealtimesmaybepurchasedbythestudentindividually.Weaskthatyouletusknowofanyallergiesordietaryrequirementsaswellasinformationaboutanymedicinesyoutake.Dependingonthetypeofallergiesand/ordietaryrequirements，anextrachargemaybemadeforprovidingspecialfood.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文——广告，这是一个以青少年为对象的语言项目。本文具体地介绍了这个项目的特点、优势、课程支配以及参与的条件、交通问题和须要特殊留意的问题。9．HowdoesIntensiveCoursedifferfromStandardCourse?A．Itislesseffective.B．Itfocusesonspeaking.C．Itincludesextralessons.D．Itgivesyouconfidence.C[细微环节理解题。依据OurCourses中的“OurIntensiveCourse...with10additionallessonsperweek”可知，IntensiveCourse有别于StandardCourse的地方就在于每周加课10节，故C项正确。]10．WhencanastudentattendStandardCourse?A．13：00­14：30Monday.B．9：00­12：30Tuesday.C．13：00­14：30Friday.D．9：00­12：30Saturday.B[细微环节理解题。依据文中的表格可知，StandardCourse支配在周一到周五的9：00到12：30，符合该时间段的只有B项(周二9：00到12：30)。A、C、D三项都与该时间段不符。]11．Beforestartingtheirprogramme，studentsareexpectedto________.A．takealanguagetestB．haveanonlineinterviewC．preparelearningmaterialsD．reporttheirlanguagelevelsA[细微环节理解题。依据Evaluation中的“Studentsareplacedintoclassesaccordingtotheircurrentlanguageskills.Themajorityofthemtakeanonlinelanguagetestbeforestartingtheirprogramme.”可知，学生在起先这个项目前，得参与网上测试以确定目前的语言技能，而非进行网上面试(B项)、打算学习材料(C项)以及汇报他们的语言水平(D项)，故A项正确。]12．Withthefullpackage，theprogrammeorganiserissupposedto________.A．informstudentsoftheirfullflightdetailsB．lookafterstudentsthroughouttheprogrammeC．offerstudentsfreesightseeingtripsD．collectstudents'luggageinadvanceB[细微环节理解题。依据ArrivalsandTransfer中的“...studentsaretakengoodcareoffromthestartthroughtotheveryend.”可知，活动组织者在整个活动过程中照看学生们，故B项正确。]13．Whichofthefollowingmayrequireanextrapayment?A．Cookeddinner. B．Mealtimedessert.C．Packedlunch. D．Specialdiet.D[细微环节理解题。依据文章最终一部分信息“...anextrachargemaybemadeforprovidingspecialfood.”可知，要求供应特色食物是要自己付费的，故D项正确。]完形填空(2024·全国卷Ⅰ)Whilehighschooldoesnotgenerallyencouragestudentstoexplorenewaspectsoflife，collegesetsthestageforthatexploration.Imyselfwentthroughthis1processandfoundsomethingthathaschangedmy2atcollegeforthebetter：IdiscoveredASL—AmericanSignLanguage(美式手语)．Ineverfeltanurgeto3anysignlanguagebefore.Myentirefamilyishearing，andsoareallmyfriends.The4languageswereenoughinallmyinteractions(交往)．LittledidIknowthatIwoulddiscovermy5forASL.The6beganduringmyfirstweekatcollege.IwatchedastheASLClub7theirtranslationofasong.Boththehandmovementsandthevery8ofcommunicatingwithoutspeaking9me.WhatIsawwascompletelyunlikeanythingIhadexperiencedinthe10.Thisnewnessjustleftme11more.Afterthat，feelingtheneedto12further，IdecidedtodropinononeofASLclub'smeetings.Ionlylearnedhowto13thealphabetthatday.Yetinsteadofbeingdiscouragedbymy14progress，Iwasexcited.Ithenmadeitapointto15thosemeetingsandlearnallIcould.Thefollowingterm，I16anASLclass.Theprofessorwasdeafandanytalkingwas17.Isoonrealizedthatthesilencewasnotunpleasant.18，iftherehadbeenanytalking，itwouldhave19ustolearnless.Now，Iappreciatethesilenceandthe20wayofcommunicationitopens.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章围围着人与自我的主题，讲解并描述了作为正常人的作者起先相识并喜爱上美式手语的故事。1．A.searching B．planningC．natural D．formalA[由上文中的“explorenewaspectsoflife”可知，所填词与explore(探究)在词义上相近，故选searching(找寻)。]2．A.progress B．experienceC．major D．opinionB[依据语境可知，此处指作者发觉了朝更好的方向变更自己高校经验(experience)的东西。另外，第三段中的“Ihadexperienced”也给出了提示。]3．A.choose B．readC．learn D．createC[后面一句提到作者的全家人及他全部的挚友都有听觉，因此他之前从没有想学(learn)手语的剧烈愿望。另外，第四段中的“Ionlylearnedhowto”也给出了提示。]4．A.official B．foreignC．body D．spokenD[既然作者和家人及挚友都有听觉，那么在作者与别人的全部交往中口语(spokenlanguages)已经足够了。故选D。]5．A.love B．concernC．goal D．requestA[由下文的内容尤其是最终一段中的“Now，Iappreciatethesilence...”可知，作者后来爱上了美式手语，但是刚起先的时候作者没有发觉自己对它的酷爱(love)。]6．A.meeting B．tripC．story D．taskC[由空格后面的内容可知，作者起先讲事情的经过了，故选story(故事)。]7．A.recorded B．performedC．recited D．discussedB[由空格前的watched(观看)和后面的thehandmovements(手部的动作)以及whatIsaw(我所望见的)可知，作者是在观看美式手语俱乐部的成员表演(perform)他们对一首歌的诠释。]8．A.idea B．amountC．dream D．reasonA[依据语境可知，这里指的是无语言沟通的想法(idea)。idea与前面的thehandmovements并列。]9．A.disturbed B．supportedC．embarrassed D．attractedD[下文提到作者参与了美式手语俱乐部的一次会议并在下一学期参与了美式手语学习班的课程，由此可以看出，这种手部的动作以及无语言沟通的想法把作者给吸引(attract)住了。]10．A.end B．pastC．course D．distanceB[依据Ihadexperienced用的时态可知，它指的是作者过去的经验，故选past。inthepast过去，是固定搭配。]11．A.showing B．actingC．saying D．wantingD[由下文中的further以及最终一段中提到作者参与了美式手语学习班的课程可知，这种新奇让作者想要(want)了解更多。]12．A.exercise B．exploreC．express D．explainB[由第一段第一句中的explore可知，此处应填explore，指作者感受到了进一步探究的必要。]13．A.print B．writeC．sign D．countC[因为作者是在学习美式手语(AmericanSignLanguage)，所以他就得学会如何打手势。这里是说那天作者只学会了如何用手势表示(sign)字母表中的字母。]14．A.slow B．steadyC．normal D．obviousA[由前面的beingdiscouragedby(对……感到悲观)可知，此处是说作者的进步缓慢(slow)。]15．A.chair B．sponsorC．attend D．organizeC[虽然作者在学美式手语方面进步缓慢，但他还是感到很兴奋，因此他把出席那些会议并尽最大可能多学看作重要的事情。attendameeting出席会议，是固定搭配。另外，本段第一句中的“dropinononeofASLclub'smeetings”也给出了提示。]16．A.missed B．passedC．gaveup D．registeredforD[后面讲的是课堂上的事情，由此可以推断出接下来的那个学期，作者参与了美式手语学习班的课程。registerfor注册，登记，是固定搭配，且符合此处的语境。]17．A.prohibited B．welcomedC．ignored D．repeatedA[由空格前面的“theprofessorwasdeaf”可知，在课堂上是禁止(prohibit)说话的。]18．A.Lastly B．ThusC．Instead D．HoweverC[由后面主从句谓语动词的结构可知，此处用的是虚拟语气，也就是说所填词表示的是一种相反状况的假设，故应选instead(相反)。]19．A.required B．causedC．allowed D．expectedB[相反，假如有任何交谈的话，那会导致学生们学到的更少。causesb.todosth.导致某人做某事，是固定搭配，且符合此处的语境。]20．A.easy B．popularC．quick D．newD[由第三段最终一句中的thisnewness可知，对作者来说，这是一种新的(new)沟通方法，而不是简单的(easy)、流行的(popular)或快速的(quick)方法。]Ⅰ.写出所给单词的汉语意思1．jokern.爱开玩笑的人2．whispern．&v.耳语；示意；私下说3．voten．&v.投票，选举；选票；得票数；提议4．immigrantn．移民5．excusev.恳求准许离开；找借口；为……找借口6．boastv．自夸；夸口说7．pausev.暂停，停顿，中止；踌躇n.暂停；间歇8．tightlyadv.紧紧地；坚实地9．industrialisationn._工业化10．distributionn.分布；安排；供应11．unevenadj.不匀称的；不平坦的；[数]_奇数的12．abroadadv.在国外；到海外13．effectivelyadv.有效地，生效地；有力地；事实上14．evaluationn.评价；评估15．accommodationn.住处，膳宿；调整16．aspectn._方面17．urgen.剧烈的欲望，迫切要求；推动力vt.力劝，督促；驱策，推动18．prohibitv._阻挡；禁止Ⅱ.依据所给汉语写出英文单词1．conclusionn.结论；推论2．confidentadj.自信的3．spreadvi.(过去式spread，过去分词spread)张开4．coursen.科目；课程；过程；进程；道路；路途，航向；一道菜5．participantn．参与者6．movementn.(身体部位的)运动，转动，活动7．discouragedadj.灰心的；丧气的8．appreciatev.观赏；感谢Ⅲ.依据所给提示写出派生单词1．exceptprep.除……之外→exceptionn.例外2．explainvt.说明；说明→explanationn．说明；讲解；说明3．properadj.适当的→improperadj.不正确的；不适当的→properlyadv.适当地；正确地4．dependv．依靠；取决于→dependentadj.依靠的→dependencen．依靠，依靠→independencen．独立→independentadj.独立的；单独的5．survivev．幸存→survivaln．幸存→survivorn．生还者6．amazevt.使惊讶→amazedadj.惊讶的；惊异的→amazingadj.令人惊讶的；令人惊异的→amazementn．惊讶7．explorevt.&vi.探究；探测；探究→explorern．探险家；勘探者→explorationn．探究8．attractvt.吸引；引起留意→attractionn．吸引；吸引力→attractiveadj.有吸引力的Ⅳ.依据所给汉语写出惯用习语1．settle_down安定下来；定居2．account_for数量上占3．regardless_of不管；不顾4．go_through经验；经受；完成；细致检查5．drop_in_on顺便探望6．register_for注册；登记[即时演练]单句语法填空1．Shebecameevenmore_nervous(nervous)astheinterviewcontinued.2．Shespread(spread)herarmsandthechildrantowardsher.3．Itstotallandareais16,808squarekilometers,amongwhichthemountainareasaccountfor52%.4．Ifhecouldn'tfindhiswayoutoftheforest,therewouldbelittlechanceofsurvival(survive)．5．MikeisastudentatHowardUniversity,majoringinphysicsforadegreeinNaturalScience.6．Hestruggledto_explain(explain)whatheheardinhishead.7．I'dappreciateyourwriting(write)mebackassoonaspossible.8．Inconclusion,weshouldliketothankallthosewhohaveworkedsohardtobringaboutthisresult.9．Ofcourse,wemaybuildgoodeatinghabitsdepending(depend)ontheknowledgewegetfromthenewspapersormagazines.Ⅰ.熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思)1．Christripsonthe“­ld，”apronunciationdifficultyformanynon­nativeEnglishspeakers.绊倒2．Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter­gatherers，small，tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.居住于；构成……的人口Ⅱ.似易实难(将句中黑体词部分译成汉语)1．Europehasonlyaround200languages；theAmericasabout1,000；Africa2,400；andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200，ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.[译文]欧洲只有大约200种语言；美洲约有1000种；非洲有2400种；亚洲和太平洋地区可能有3200种，其中仅巴布亚新几内亚就有远远超过800种。2．Ourprogrammeoffersthefullpackage—studentsaretakengoodcareoffromthestartthroughtotheveryend.[译文]我们的项目供应全套服务，学生们全程都会受到很好的照看。3．Instead,iftherehadbeenanytalking,itwouldhavecausedustolearnless.[译文]相反，假如当时有口语沟通，将会造成我们所学的手语更少。Ⅲ.困难晦涩(分析句子结构并译成汉语)1．Whaleyrecallshowatthebeginningoftheyear，whencalledupontoread，Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom.[分析]本句为主从复合句。when引导的时间状语从句中省略了主语Chris和be动词was，该从句的完整结构为whenChriswascalledupontoread；动词excuse意为“恳求准许离开”。[译文]威利回忆起年初时的情景，当克利斯被要求朗读时，他总是借口去洗手间。2．Whaleygottheideaofthissecond­gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.[分析]本句是主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句，if引导条件状语从句。[译文]某一天，威利告知孩子们假如他们认为自己恒久不行能当上总统的话就举起手来，这事让他萌生了在二年级举办总统竞选活动的想法。3．Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages，oftenspokenbymanypeople，whilehot，wetzoneshavelots，oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.[分析]本句是主从复合句。主语是Thegeneralrule，is是系动词，that引导表语从句。在表语从句中，while是连词，表示前后对比。[译文]一般的规律是，温柔地区的语言种类相对较少，通常有很多人会说；而燥热、潮湿地区则有很多种语言，通常只有少数人说。4．WhatIsawwascompletelyunlikeanythingIhadexperiencedinthepast.[分析]What在句中引导主语从句。此外，Ihadexperiencedinthepast为省略that的定语从句，修饰先行词anything。[译文]我所看到的与我过去所经验的完全不同。1．amazinglyadv.令人惊讶地；令人惊异地(1)amazingadj.令人惊讶的；令人惊异的Itisamazingthat...令人惊异的是(2)amazevt.使惊讶；使惊异Itamazessb.that...＝Whatamazessb.isthat...使某人惊异的是……(3)amazedadj.惊讶的；惊异的beamazedat/by...对……感到惊异beamazedtodosth.因做某事感到惊异(4)amazementn．惊讶；惊异toone'samazement令某人惊异的是inamazement惊愕地themostamazingadventureofmylife我人生中最奇异的探险lookathiminamazement惊愕地看着他beamazedatthesceneryandsurroundingsthere对那里的风景和环境感到惊异[名师点津]amazing意为“令人惊讶的”，强调某人/某事给他人的感受；amazed意为“(感到)惊讶的”，表示本身的感受，并不强调对他人的影响。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Itwasamazing(amaze)thattheboywasabletosolvetheproblemsoquickly.②Fromhisamazed(amaze)looksIknowhehadn'texpectmyearlyarrival.③OnewasthatIwasamazed(amaze)atthefactthatasickpersoncouldfeelmuchbetterafterseeingadoctor.[实力提升]——一句多译令我惊异的是，他把这首诗完整地背了出来。①It_amazed_me_thathewasabletorecitethewholepoemfrommemory.(形式主语)②What_amazed_me_was_thathewasabletorecitethewholepoemfrommemory.(主语从句)③To_my_amazement，hewasabletorecitethewholepoemfrommemory.(amazement)2．settlev．(使)定居；停留；解决；(使)安静(1)settledown(使)安静下来；(使)稳定；定居下来settledownto(doing)sth.用心(做)某事(2)settlementn．安排；定居点；解决；协议settlern．移民；殖民者[一词多义]——写出下列句中settle的含义①Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtocommunicationsandtrade.定居②Itwasarainymorningandthechildren,mainlyboyswithvariouslearningdifficulties,refusedtosettleforthestartofthelesson.安静③Itisonlybylisteningtoandunderstandingeachotherthatproblemsbetweenparentsandchildrencanbesettled.解决settledowntoyourwork用心于你的工作settledowninthecountryandstartanewlife在乡下定居，起先了新的生活establishasettlementthere在那里建立了定居点[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Mr.andMrs.Brownwouldliketoseetheirdaughtersettledown,getmarried,andhavekids.②Somethingisbotheringhim,sohecan'tsettledowntoreading(read)abook.③Peopleexpectthatthetalkwillleadtothesettlement(settle)totheproblem.[实力提升]——句式升级一般表达：Therearealotofdifficultproblemstosettle,sothenewly­electedpresidentishavingahardtime.高级表达：With_a_lot_of_difficult_problems_to_settle，thenewly­electedpresidentishavingahardtime.(with复合结构)3．totaladj.总的；完全的n．总数；合计v．总数为；合计(1)atotalof总数为……totalupto合计；总数达到(2)totallyadv.总和地；完全地totaldarkness漆黑thetotalprofit利润总额intotal总共；总计[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Yougot47pointsonthewrittenexaminationand18ontheoral，makingatotalof65.②Thestudentsbenefitingmostfromcollegearethosewhoaretotally(total)engagedinacademiclife,takingfulladvantageofthecollege'schancesandresources.[实力提升]——词汇升级一般表达：Therewereprobably30peoplealtogetherattendingthisconference.①高级表达：Therewereprobablya_total_of30peopleattendingthisconference.②高级表达：Therewereprobably30peopleattendingthisconferencein_total/in_all.③高级表达：Totally，therewereprobably30peopleattendingthisconference.4．guaranteevt.保证；担保n．保证；保证书(1)guaranteesb.sth./guaranteesth.tosb.向某人保证某事guaranteetodo/that...保证做……；确保……(2)underguarantee在保修期内givesb.aguarantee(that)．..向某人保证……atwo­yearguaranteeonallelectricalgoods全部的电器商品都有两年的保修期giveaguaranteeofgoodbehaviour保证行为端正guaranteeabankloan为银行贷款担保[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Iguaranteeto_pay(pay)offmydebtsontime,nomatterwhathappens.②Weshouldpayattentiontosmalldetails,whichcanguaranteeusto_succeed(succeed)intheend.③Theshopsaidtheywouldreplacethetelevisionaslongasitwasstillunderguarantee.[实力提升]——一句多译你能向我保证按时完成工作吗？①Canyouguarantee_to_methattheworkwillbefinishedontime？(guaranteev．)②Canyougive_me_a_guaranteethattheworkwillbefinishedontime？(guaranteen．)5．signvt.签署；签名；打手势；示意n．符号；记号；手势；迹象(1)signtosb.todosth.打手势(让某人)做某事signin/out签到/签退signup报名参与(2)asignof...……的标记/迹象make/giveasignto...对……做手势signapeaceagreement签署一份和平协议signupforasummercamp报名参与一个暑期夏令营asignofgoodfortuneandwealth好运和财宝的象征[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Ioftenfoundmyselftellingmymomtodrivemoreslowly,sothatIcouldreadalloftheroadsigns(sign)wepassed.②Ifyouareinterested,signuponourschoolwebsitebeforeAugust10.③Forsafetyreasons,pleasesigninwhenyouarriveatthebuilding,andsignoutwhenyouleave.[实力提升]——一句多译他舍命地向我打手势不要提有关他的任何事情。①Hewasdesperatelysigning_to_me_not_to_mentionanythingabouthim.(signv．)②Hewasdesperatelymaking_a_sign_to_me_not_to_mentionanythingabouthim.(signn．)6．discouragev．阻挡；打消……的念头(1)discouragesb.fromdoingsth.劝某人不要做某事；使某人失去做某事的信念(2)discouragedadj.懊丧的，垂头丧气的discouragingadj.令人泄气的；令人懊丧的(3)encouragev．激励encouragesb.todosth.激励某人做某事discouragehimfromclimbingthemountain劝阻他爬山notletanyfailuresdiscourageyou不让任何失败使你垂头丧气encouragetheirchildrentoovercomedifficulties激励他们的孩子克服困难[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Thegovernmentencouragesfarmersto_grow(grow)corninsteadofricetoimprovewaterquality.②Hisparentstriedto_discourage(discourage)hisinterestinmusic，buthepersisted.③Thefailurewasabigblowtohim,buthewasn'tdiscouraged(discourage)andsoongotasenthusiasticasever.[实力提升]——词汇升级一般表达：Bothteachersandparentsshouldtellstudentsnottoplaycomputergamestoomuch,whichaffectstheirstudiesandhealth.高级表达：Bothteachersandparentsshoulddiscourage_students_from_playingcomputergamestoomuch,whichaffectstheirstudiesandhealth.1．...rightnowit'sChrisPalaez'sturn.……现在轮到ChrisPalaez发言了。[句型公式]本句属于“It'sone'sturntodosth.”这一句型，表示“轮到某人做某事了”。(1)taketurnsdoing/todosth.轮番做某事(2)inone'sturn轮到某人byturns轮番着inturn反过来；依次taketurnstolookaftertheirsickmother轮番照看他们生病的母亲taketurnsputtingforwardanumberofsuggestions轮番提出很多建议inturncreatefurthertrafficproblems反过来进一步造成了交通问题[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Atthemeetingtheytookturnsto_put/putting(put)forwardanumberofsuggestionsaimingtopromotethereformofeducationsystem.②It'smyturnto_pick(pick)upthekidsafterschoolthisweek.③Itisourresponsibilitytotakecareofoursickmotherbyturns.[实力提升]——完成句子/句式升级人们运用自己的小汽车避开公共交通延误，反过来，这将造成更多的问题。①一般表达：Peopletrytoavoidpublictransportationdelaysbyusingtheirowncars,andthisin_turncreatesmoreproblems.②高级表达：Peopletrytoavoidpublictransportationdelaysbyusingtheirowncars，which_in_turn_creates_more_problems.(非限制性定语从句)2．LittledidIknowthatIwoulddiscovermyloveforASL.我几乎不知道我会发觉我对美国手语的爱。[句型公式]否定副词little置于句首的倒装句。位于句首的否定副词和含有否定意义的介词短语还有：not，never，seldom，hardly，scarcely，neither，nor，atnotime，bynomeans，innocase，innoway，onnocondition等。[金句推送]NeverwillIforgettheaccidentthathappenedinmyownchildhood,whichleftadeepimpressiononme.我恒久不会遗忘发生在我的童年里的那个意外事务，它给我留下了很深的印象。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Neverbeforehas(have)ourcountrybeensoprosperousandpowerfulasitistoday.②Hardlyhad(have)weleftthedormitorythenextmorningwhenwerealizedwehadleftourmapintheroom.③Littledidhecareabouthisownsafety,thoughhewasingreatdangerhimself.[实力提升]——句式升级一般表达：Theydidn'tencouragethedevelopmentoftourism­relatedactivitiesintheruralareasuntilrecently.高级表达：Not_until_recently_did_they_encouragethedevelopmentoftourism­relatedactivitiesintheruralareas.(倒装)夯基固本·学问落实Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空1．WhenLiMingsettled(settle)here，hetriedtogetalongwellwithhisneighbours.2．Notallthestudentsare_guaranteed(guarantee)jobswhentheygraduatefromcollegeunderthepresenteconomicsituation.3．Hewastheonlysurvivor(survive)ofthecrash.4．Theyhad_gone(go)throughsomerockytimestogetherwhenAnnwasfirstmarried.5．Bothofthecarsbecametotallydamagedintheaccident,butamazingly(amazing),neitherofthedriverswashurt.Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词1．Sofarshehasraisedatotalof50,000yuanfor240children,fromruralareasinHunan.2．Aredskyatsunsetis_asignofgoodweather.3．Hisparentstriedtodiscouragehimfrombeinganactor.4．Shewasshakingwithfear,whilethetwomenwerelookingatherinamazement.5．It'simpropertodropinonhimsocasually.强技提能·学问应用Ⅰ.阅读七选五(2024·广东深圳调研)LearntoCiteSources(引用资料)Duringyouruniversityeducation，you'llbeexposedtoideasandscientifictheoriesofscholarsandscientists.Unavoidably,yourownideaswillbeshapedbytheideasyoucomeacross.1Thatmeansyoushouldgobeyondwhatyoulearnfromyourtextbooksorinthelibrary.Youroriginalworkisthebasisforyouprofessor'sevaluationofyourperformance.Thus，academichonestyisfundamentalinyouruniversityeducation.Itdemandsthatyoucitethesourcematerialsyoubaseyourownworkon.2Correctlycitingyoursourceshelpsyoudistinguishyourownideasfromthoseofotherscholars.Onthereaders'side，itpermitsareadertodeterminethedepthofyourresearch.3Onthecontrary，lackofcitingwillonlyraiseyourreader'sdoubt.Soyouneedtolearnwhentociteandhowtoprovideanadequateoraccuratereferencelist.Ifyoufailtociteyoursources，whetherdeliberatelyorcarelessly，youwillbefoundresponsibleforplagiarism(抄袭)．4Ifyou