新高考英语二轮复习大题突破+限时集训专题15 预测卷05（解析版）

预测卷05第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AExploreYourPassionatHarvardUniversityYoureducationdoesn’tstopattheclassroomdoor.StudentactivitiesareavitalpartoftheHarvardexperience,balancingyourstudiesandcreatingopportunitiesforfriendshipandself-discovery.AthleticsHarvardAthleticsoffersforty-twointercollegeteamsforwomenandmen-morethananyothercollegedoes——aswellasnumeroussportsclubsandrecreationalactivities.Morethaneightypercentofourstudentsparticipateinathleticsofsomekind.StudentorganizationsJoinourcommunityofover500studentorganizations.YoucangettoknowstudentorganizationsatourStudentOrganizationFair,anannualtraditionthattakesplacethefirstweekofclass.YoucanalsowriteforthestudentnewspaperontheAssociatedPress.Evenifyoudon’tseeaclubthatmatchesyourinterests,we’rereadytohelpyousetupone!Doesthatsoundamazingtoyou?CommunityserviceGivingbacktocommunitiesisanidealfundamentaltoHarvard’smission.ThePhillipsBrooksHouseAssociationandtheCollegePublicServiceNetworkoffersmorethan120serviceinitiatives(方案)andprograms-frominstructinglocalyouthtopromotingenvironmentalsustainabilityandrunningahomelessshelter.Forthosededicatedtocommunityinitiatives,Harvardalsooffersavarietyoffundingsources一thatsupportyourgoalstoservethosearoundyou.LeadershipTheInstituteofPolitics(IOP)attheHarvardKennedySchoolconnectsstudentswithpoliticalleadersandexperiencedcivilservants.HarvardundergraduateshaveaccesstotheInstitute’sJohnF.KennedyJr.Forum,oneoftheworld’sbestgroundsforpoliticalspeech,discussion,anddebate.Clickheretokeeptrackofrelevantinformation.1．Whichactivityseemsattractivetomoststudents?A．Athletics. B．Studentorganizations. C．Communityservice. D．Leadership.2．Whatcanyoudoifthereisnoclubfitforyou?A．Joinastudentorganization. B．Askforhelptocreateone.C．Setuparecreationalactivity. D．Servethepeoplearoundyou.3．Howcanyougettoknowmoreabouttheseactivities?A．Bywritingfortheschoolnewspaper. B．Byreferringtotheserviceinitiatives.C．BypayingavisittoHarvardgraduates. D．Bysurfingtherelatedschoolwebsite.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四种在哈佛大学中为友谊和自我发现创造机会的学生活动。1．A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Morethaneightypercentofourstudentsparticipateinathleticsofsomekind.(我们百分之八十以上的学生参加了某种形式的田径运动。)可知，大多数学生才加的活动是田径，即对大多数大学生有吸引力的活动是田径。故选A。2．B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Evenifyoudon’tseeaclubthatmatchesyourinterests,we’rereadytohelpyousetupone!(即使您没有看到符合您兴趣的俱乐部，我们也随时准备帮助您建立一个！)”可知，如果没有适合你的俱乐部，可以寻求帮助建立一个。故选B。3．D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“Clickheretokeeptrackofrelevantinformation.(单击此处跟踪相关信息。)”可知，如果要了解更多信息，就要浏览学校相关的网站来获得相关信息。故选D。BI’mintheareaofNoaillesinMarseille,France’ssecondlargestcityanditsmaintradeseaport.Somesmallshopssellvegetables,meat,and,itseems,allthespicesoftheMiddleEast.InadditiontoFrench,languagesspokenonthebusystreetsincludeArabicandAfricanFrench.ItalladdsuptooneofthemostethnicallydiversecitiesinEurope.Closetothedowntownstreet,IdiscoveranAlgerianrestaurant,whoseownermakeshissignaturedish—couscouswithbarley,nottheusualwheat,usingarecipethathasn’tchangedsincethe1920s.CouscousisannecessarypartofMarseilleculture.ThedishwasaddedtotheUNESCO’sListsofIntangibleCulturalHeritagein2020.Tobehonest,beforeItravelledhere,couscoushadnotbeenthefirstmealthatcametomindwhenIthoughtofMarseille.Itwasbouillabaisse,therichsoupwitholiveoil,garlicandsaffron.Iimaginedenjoyingitatasmallportsidecafe.Thiswasclearlyaromanticfantasy.Foronething,therearenosmallcafesathistoriccity.Foranother,therestaurantsdoservebouillabaisse,butwhenIseethepriceatoneplaceIamshocked:69euros!Nobowlofsoupshouldcostthatmuch.Igiveupandenduptwostreetsawayfromtheoldharborinanewrestaurant,Ourea.For28euros,ChefMatthieuRocheservesathree-courselunchthatincludestunasteaksandcouscous.Moreandmoreyoung,talentedpeoplearediscoveringthatMarseilleisanidealplacetolive.ThereisalsoagrowingnumberofParisiansmovinghereeveryyear.Tiredoftherushandexpenseoflifeinlargercities,thenewcomerscomelookingforthemorerelaxedMediterraneanwayoflife.WalkingthroughthesecontrastingneighborhoodsofMarseille.Ithinkaboutthedistinctcommunitiesherelivinginthesameneighborhoods-together,side,by,side,butnotmixed.TheymayalsofeeltheyareMarseillaisfirstregardlessofnationalities.4．WhichwordcanbestdescribeMarseilleaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A．Remote. B．Commercial. C．Industrial. D．Inland.5．WhatmadetheauthorleavetheAlgerianrestaurant?A．Theunreasonablecharge. B．Theunbearableflavor.C．Theunsatisfyingservice. D．Thenoisyatmosphere.6．WhydothenewcomerschooseMarseilleratherthanotherbigcities?A．Tomakeafortune. B．Toexperienceadish.C．Tolearnalanguage. D．Tolivealeisurelylife.7．Inwhichcolumnofamagazinecanweprobablyreadthetext?A．Fashion. B．Food. C．Trade D．Travel.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者简要介绍了法国第二大城市马赛，并讲述了自己在那里吃饭的经历。4．B【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段前两句“I’mintheareaofNoaillesinMarseille,France’ssecondlargestcityanditsmaintradeseaport.Somesmallshopssellvegetables,meat,and,itseems,allthespicesoftheMiddleEast.(我现在在法国第二大城市和主要贸易海港马赛的诺埃勒地区。一些小商店出售蔬菜、肉类，似乎还有所有的中东香料。)”可知，在马赛有很多交易在进行，即它是商业化的。故选B。5．A【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“Foranother,therestaurantsdoservebouillabaisse,butwhenIseethepriceatoneplaceIamshocked:69euros!Nobowlofsoupshouldcostthatmuch.(另一方面，这里的餐厅确实供应鱼汤，但当我看到一家餐厅的价格时，我震惊了:69欧元!一碗汤不应该那么贵。)”可知，作者离开那家埃尔及利亚的饭馆是这家店的鱼汤太贵了，即收费不合理。故选A。6．D【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Tiredoftherushandexpenseoflifeinlargercities,thenewcomerscomelookingforthemorerelaxedMediterraneanwayoflife.(厌倦了大城市生活的匆忙和昂贵，新来者来到这里寻找更轻松的地中海生活方式。)”可知，新来者选择马赛是为了过一种轻松悠闲的生活。故选D项。7．D【解析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章重点介绍了作者吃饭的经历，且根据倒数第二段前两句“Moreandmoreyoung,talentedpeoplearediscoveringthatMarseilleisanidealplacetolive.ThereisalsoagrowingnumberofParisiansmovinghereeveryyear.(越来越多有才华的年轻人发现马赛是一个理想的居住地。每年也有越来越多的巴黎人搬到这里。)”可知，马赛作为一个港口城市吸引越来越多年轻人，说明本文主要介绍了马赛市的吸引人之处，因此这篇文章最后可能出自杂志的旅游栏目。故选D。C“Howbeautifulthejasmine(茉莉花)is!Asweetsmellcoversthebuddingtwigs.Sofragrant,sowhite,admiredbyalllips.”ThefamedChinesefolksongJasmineFlowerhasreachedaglobalaudiencewithitsbeautifulmelodyandlyrics.EquallypopularisthetraditionallymadeJasminetea,whoseelegantfragranceandmellowtastefascinatecountlessteadrinkers.ChenChengzhonghasabigsayintheproductionofJasmineteaasheisapractitionerofFuzhouJasmineteascentingtechniques.The72-year-oldteamakerstartedhiscareerearlyinhisteenageyears,whenhebecameanapprenticeinastate-ownedteafactory.Jasmineteaisakindofteascented(带有某种香味)withthefragranceofjasmineblossomsandtypicallyhasgreenteaasitsbase.Thenaturalscentingprocessconsumesfreshjasmineblossoms,pickedduringthedaytimewhenthebudsareclosed,Chensaid.Andthegreentealeavesfromthespringharvestarestoreduntilthemostfragrantjasmineblossomsinlatesummer.ThehotandhumidclimateandtheredsoilinEastChina’sFujianprovinceprovidefavorableconditionsforjasmineandteaplantstothrive,becomingthehigh-qualityingredientsthatareneededforJasminetea.“OurjasmineflowersandtealeavesareallsourcedfromFujianinlargequantities,despitethefactthattheyarepricierthanthosefromotherorigins,”Chensaid.Whenthefreshjasmineflowersareharvested,theyaremixedwithlayersoftealeaves.Workersstir(搅拌)thetealeavesandflowersovernight,allowingtheleavestoabsorbthefragrantscentofthejasmineblossoms.Inthemorning,theflowersaresorted,theleavesaredried,andtheprocessisrepeated.Morerepetitionmakesforamorerobustjasmineflavor,andittakesatleastninescentingprocessestoproduceJasmineteaofasuperbgrade.HavingbeenappointedastherepresentativepractitionerofFuzhouJasmineteascentingtechniques,Chennowfocusesmoreonpassingonthescentingtechniques,givinglecturestostudentsandapprentices.Chen’ssonChenZhengismotivatedtofollowinhisfather’sfootstepsandmoveforwardwiththescentingtechniques.“Likemyfather,Ialsohopetopracticethistraditionalskillthathasprofoundculturaldeposits,andpassiton,”ChenZhengsaid.8．Whatistheauthor’spurposeofquotingthesongJasmineFlower?A．Totellusnottoneglectthesong.B．Toshowthepopularityofthesong.C．Tointroducethetopic—Jasminetea.D．ToclarifytheoriginofJasminetea.9．WhyareFujian’sjasminesandtealeavesthehigh-qualityingredients?A．Becausetheirfragrancesaremixedtogether.B．BecauseFujianisrichinjasminesandtealeaves.C．Becausetheyarepricierthanthosefromotherareas.D．BecauseFujianhassuitableclimateandsoilconditions.10．WhichofthefollowingisRIGHTabouttheprocessofmakingJasminetea?A．Itusesthemostfragrantjasmineblossominginearlysummer.B．IttakesatmostninescentingprocessestoproduceJasmineteaofasuperbgrade.C．Tealeavesshouldbemixedwithfreshjasmineflowerstoabsorbtheirfragrance.D．Freshjasmineblossomsarepickedduringthedaytimewhenthebudsareopened.11．WhatdoesChenZhengwanttodo?A．ProduceJasmineteaofasuperbgrade.B．PracticeandpassonJasmineteascentingtechniques.C．Givelecturestostudentsandapprentices.D．Becomeanapprenticeinastate-ownedteafactory.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了福州茉莉花茶窨制工艺传承人陈成忠以及茉莉花茶的制作过程。8．C【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“ThefamedChinesefolksongJasmineFlowerhasreachedaglobalaudiencewithitsbeautifulmelodyandlyrics.EquallypopularisthetraditionallymadeJasminetea,whoseelegantfragranceandmellowtastefascinatecountlessteadrinkers.(中国著名民歌《茉莉花》以其优美的旋律和歌词赢得了全球观众的喜爱。同样受欢迎的是传统的茉莉花茶，其优雅的香气和醇香的口感吸引了无数饮茶者)”以及下文对传统茉莉花茶的详细介绍，可知本文第一段段首用著名的中国民歌《茉莉花》来引出文章主题——茉莉花茶。故选C。9．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“ThehotandhumidclimateandtheredsoilinEastChina’sFujianprovinceprovidefavorableconditionsforjasmineandteaplantstothrive,becomingthehigh-qualityingredientsthatareneededforJasminetea.(中国东部福建省湿热的气候和红色的土壤为茉莉花和茶树的茁壮成长提供了有利条件，成为茉莉花茶所需的优质原料)”可知，福建适宜的气候和土壤条件为茉莉花和茶树的茁壮成长提供了有利条件，使福建的茉莉花和茶叶成为制作茉莉花茶的优质原料。故选D。10．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段“Whenthefreshjasmineflowersareharvested,theyaremixedwithlayersoftealeaves.Workersstir(搅拌)thetealeavesandflowersovernight,allowingtheleavestoabsorbthefragrantscentofthejasmineblossoms.(当新鲜的茉莉花收获时，它们与一层层的茶叶混合在一起。工人们将茶叶和鲜花搅拌一夜，让茶叶吸收茉莉花的芬芳)”可知在制作茉莉花茶的过程中，工人们要将茶叶与新鲜的茉莉花混合，让茶叶吸收茉莉花的香味。故选C。11．B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Chen’ssonChenZhengismotivatedtofollowinhisfather’sfootstepsandmoveforwardwiththescentingtechniques.‘Likemyfather,Ialsohopetopracticethistraditionalskillthathasprofoundculturaldeposits,andpassiton,’ChenZhengsaid.(陈的儿子陈铮被激励着追随父亲的脚步，推动茉莉花茶窨制技艺向前迈进。‘我也希望像父亲一样练好这门有着深厚文化底蕴的传统技艺，把它传承下去。’陈铮说)”可知，陈铮希望像他的父亲一样练好这门有着深厚文化底蕴的传统技艺，并把它传承下去。故选B。D“Medicine,law,business,engineering,thesearenoblepursuits,andnecessarytosustainlife.Butpoetry,beauty,romance,love,thesearewhatwestayalivefor.”Thisisdedicatedtomyfirst-yearselffouryearsago,whowasaddictedtogettinggoodgrades,andfailedtoseekthehappinessfoundineverythingelsethatcollegehastooffer.Likesomepeople,Igrewupwithafamilythatvaluedacademicsoverallelse,whogaveyoualittleextralovewhenyouweredoinggreatinyourclasses,andtookitawaywhenyoudidn’t.Asaresult,myself-worthbecametiedtomyacademicsuccess.Asaninternationalstudent,Isometimesfeltourparentsdidn’tquiteunderstandtheheavyacademicweight.Thereisadifferencebetweentryingtoalwaysbetteryourselfforyourself,andsimplyputtingtoomuchonyourplateuntilyouburnoutfromattemptingtoliveuptocertainexpectations.Weshouldallstrivetodotheformer,butunfortunatelyourmindsetshavebeenalwayswiredtofollowthelatter.Iusedtobelieveschoolkilledthecreativespiritinsideallofus,butasIgetolderandfurtherintomyacademiccareer,Ifindthatitiswewhomakethechoicetokillthatcreativespirit.IamdefinitelynotsayingthatyoushouldthrowyourGPAoutofthewindowandgopaintingallday.However,weshouldalltrytodevelopalong-sightedperspectiveonhowwewanttoshapeourlives.Takesomeclassesontopicsthatyou’regenuinelyinterestedinlearningabout,notjustpassing.Joinclubsorworkonprojectsthatresonatewithyouandpushyoubeyondyourboundaries.Andmostofall,acceptthefactthatfailureandlossaresometimesinevitableinlife.Ipromiseyou,whenyoulookbackatthesefouryears,youwillnotrememberthegoodgradesorthebadgrades,butyouwillholdinyourmemorytheconnectionsyoumadewithpeople,thethingsthatinspiredyoutocreateandthetimesyoulearnedsomethingspecial.AndsoIaskyounow,whatdoyouwanttogetoutofcollege?12．Whoistheauthorofthepassage?A．Aprofessor. B．Afreshman. C．Aparent. D．Agraduate.13．Whatdidtheauthor’sparentsstressmostonhiscollegelife?A．Seekinghappiness. B．Gettinggoodgrades.C．Buildingself-worth. D．Developingvariousinterests.14．Whatisbetteringourselvesforaccordingtotheauthor?A．Tobeabetterself. B．Torealizeourdreams.C．Topushourboundaries. D．Toliveuptoothers’expectations.15．Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthorprobablyagreewith?A．Academicgrowthhelpstopromotecreativity.B．Studentsthemselveshaveasayintheirhobbies.C．Failurescanbeavoidedwithmoreeffortsputin.D．Schoolistoblameforkillingstudents’creativity.【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。作者认为自己四年前一味沉迷于好成绩，没有从大学所能提供的一切中寻找快乐。告诉读者应该参加一些你真正感兴趣的课程，而不是敷衍了事，从大学中学到特别的东西。12．D【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Thisisdedicatedtomyfirst-yearselffouryearsago,whowasaddictedtogettinggoodgrades,andfailedtoseekthehappinessfoundineverythingelsethatcollegehastooffer.(这句话献给四年前一年级的自己，当时的我沉迷于取得好成绩，没有从大学所能提供的一切中寻找快乐)”可推知，这篇文章的作者是毕业生。故选D。13．B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Likesomepeople,Igrewupwithafamilythatvaluedacademicsoverallelse,whogaveyoualittleextralovewhenyouweredoinggreatinyourclasses,andtookitawaywhenyoudidn’t.Asaresult,myself-worthbecametiedtomyacademicsuccess.(和一些人一样，我在一个重视学业胜过一切的家庭中长大，当你在课堂上表现出色时，他们会给你一点额外的爱，当你表现不好时，他们就会把你的爱拿走。结果，我的自我价值与我的学业成功紧密相连)”可知，作者的父母对他大学生活的最大压力是取得好成绩。故选B。14．A【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thereisadifferencebetweentryingtoalwaysbetteryourselfforyourself,andsimplyputtingtoomuchonyourplateuntilyouburnoutfromattemptingtoliveuptocertainexpectations.Weshouldallstrivetodotheformer,butunfortunatelyourmindsetshavebeenalwayswiredtofollowthelatter.(努力让自己变得更好，和简单地把太多事情放在自己的盘子里，直到你因为试图达到某些期望而筋疲力尽，这两者是有区别的。我们都应该努力做到前者，但不幸的是，我们的心态总是倾向于后者)”可知，在作者看来，改善自己是为了成为更好的自己。故选A。15．B【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Takesomeclassesontopicsthatyou’regenuinelyinterestedinlearningabout,notjustpassing.Joinclubsorworkonprojectsthatresonatewithyouandpushyoubeyondyourboundaries.Andmostofall,acceptthefactthatfailureandlossaresometimesinevitableinlife.(参加一些你真正感兴趣的课程，而不是敷衍了事。加入俱乐部或参与能引起你共鸣的项目，让你超越自己的界限。最重要的是，接受这个事实，失败和失去在生活中有时是不可避免的)”可知，作者认为学生对自己的爱好有发言权。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Nomatterwhereyougo,you’llnoticesomethingstrangeabouttrees—thefactthattheirbottomsarepaintedwhite.Generallyspeaking,thepurposeofwhitewashingistoprotecttreesfromheatandinsects.____16____.Let’scheckthemout!BlockingthesunYoumightsometimesnoticethatsometreetrunks’surfacesgetdryandcrackeasily.____17____.Simplyput,theyareexposedtotheburningsunandthetemperatureschangewildlybetweendayandnight.Fortunately,paintingatree’strunkwhiteissimilartoaddingsunscreen,whichhelpsblockthesun.Heatprotection____18____.Whitepaintreflectstheheatandallowstreestospendmoretimeontranspiration(蒸腾)andgrowingtheirfruits.Additionally,whentreesarecooler,theyhavelessstress,whichmakestheirstomata(气孔)stayopenabitlongerfortheexchangeofgases.DefendingagainstpestsMoreoftenthannot,atree’ssurfacewillcrack,allowinginsectstocreepinside.____19____.Therefore,peoplewhitewashtreesusinglatexpaintandwater,whichpreventsinsectsfromclimbinguptreesandenteringinsidethroughthecracks.____20____Lastbutnotleast,thesurfaceoftreesispaintedwhitetomakethemmorevisible,specificallyforthoseonthesideoftheroad.Whyisthatimportant?Becauseaccidentsinvolvingtreesareextremelycommon,especiallyduringthenight,whendriverscannotseethemmuchmoreclearly.A．StoppingaccidentsB．ImprovingvisibilityC．WhitewashingisagoodwaytosolvetheproblemD．ThecauseofthisphenomenonhasalreadybeenfoundE．WhitewashinghelpsyoungtreesremaincoolinspringF．However,there’remanyotherreasonsforwhitewashingtreesG．Bacteriawillfeedonthetree’sinnerparts,eventuallykillingit【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了树木粉刷成白色的原因。16．F【解析】根据上文“Nomatterwhereyougo,you’llnoticesomethingstrangeabouttrees—thefactthattheirbottomsarepaintedwhite.Generallyspeaking,thepurposeofwhitewashingistoprotecttreesfromheatandinsects.(无论你走到哪里，你都会注意到树的一些奇怪之处——它们的底部都被漆成了白色。一般来说，刷白的目的是保护树木免受高温和昆虫的侵害)”以及后文“Let’scheckthemout!(让我们来看看吧！)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出粉刷树木还有其它原因。故F选项“然而，粉刷树木还有很多其他原因”符合语境，故选F。17．D【解析】根据上文“Youmightsometimesnoticethatsometreetrunks’surfacesgetdryandcrackeasily.(有时你可能会注意到一些树干的表面很干燥，很容易开裂)”以及后文“Simplyput,theyareexposedtotheburningsunandthetemperatureschangewildlybetweendayandnight.Fortunately,paintingatree’strunkwhiteissimilartoaddingsunscreen,whichhelpsblockthesun.(简单地说，它们暴露在烈日下，昼夜之间的温度变化很大。幸运的是，把树干涂成白色就像涂防晒霜一样，有助于阻挡阳光)”可知，后文主要分析了树干开裂的原因。故D选项“这种现象的原因已经找到了”符合语境，故选D。18．E【解析】根据后文“Whitepaintreflectstheheatandallowstreestospendmoretimeontranspiration(蒸腾)andgrowingtheirfruits.Additionally,whentreesarecooler,theyhavelessstress,whichmakestheirstomata(气孔)stayopenabitlongerfortheexchangeofgases.(白色的油漆可以反射热量，让树木有更多的时间蒸腾和生长果实。此外，当树木温度较低时，它们的压力较小，这使得它们的气孔保持开放的时间更长，以便进行气体交换)”可知，后文提到白色的油漆可以反射热量，让树木有更多的时间蒸腾和生长果实，即可以让树木保持凉爽。故E选项“刷白可以帮助小树在春天保持凉爽”符合语境，故选E。19．G【解析】根据上文“Moreoftenthannot,atree’ssurfacewillcrack,allowinginsectstocreepinside.(通常情况下，树的表面会裂开，让昆虫爬进去)”以及后文“Therefore,peoplewhitewashtreesusinglatexpaintandwater,whichpreventsinsectsfromclimbinguptreesandenteringinsidethroughthecracks.(因此，人们用乳胶漆和水粉刷树木，防止昆虫爬上树，从裂缝进入内部)”可知，本句是在说明昆虫爬进去的后果：细菌会以树的内部为食，最终杀死树。故G选项“细菌会以树的内部为食，最终杀死树”符合语境，故选G。20．B【解析】根据本段内容“Lastbutnotleast,thesurfaceoftreesispaintedwhitetomakethemmorevisible,specificallyforthoseonthesideoftheroad.Whyisthatimportant?Becauseaccidentsinvolvingtreesareextremelycommon,especiallyduringthenight,whendriverscannotseethemmuchmoreclearly.(最后但并非最不重要的是，树的表面被涂成白色，使它们更明显，特别是对那些在路边的人来说。为什么这很重要？因为涉及树木的交通事故非常常见，尤其是在夜间，因为司机看不清树木)”可知，本段的主旨是树木粉刷成白色可以提高司机的能见度。故B选项“提高能见度”符合语境，故选B。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。SammieVanceapproachedherprincipalatHaleyElementarywiththeideaofinstalling“buddybenches”intoherschoolplaygroundtohelpothersfeellesslonely.Theprincipal____21____oftheidea.Butwoodenbenchesare

____22____.Justonewouldbeworthnearlyathousanddollars.However,abenchmadeof____23____bottlecapswouldonlybearound$250.SoSammie____24____othersinhercommunitytocollectenoughcapstomakeonebench.

____25____,shemanagedtogetbottlecapsfrom50states.Andthus,theinitiativeof“Sammie’sBuddyBenchProject”was

____26____.Prettysoon,Sammie’sBuddyBenchProjectbegancommandingthe____27____ofseveralnewsmedia.Forheramazingefforts,Sammiehasbeenchosenthereceiverofseveral____28____andwas____29____oneofPeoplemagazine’s“GirlsChangingtheWorld”.And____30____,morethan200bottlecapbuddybencheshavebeenaroundatschoolsandparksacrossthecountry,plusMexicoandAustralia.Thisis,ofcourse,notjustabeautifulstoryabouthelpingothers.It’salsoamajorwinfor____31____.Itisreportedthat1.3billionbottlecapsareusedeachyear.Thesecapscannotberecycledinthesamewayalongwithplasticbottles____32____eachhasadifferentmeltingpoint,andwhentheyare____33____in,itcanruinanentirebatch(一批).Andthat’swhentheygetdiscarded.Millionsofcapshavebeenfoundinour____34____alone,whichcanbedevastatingtomarinelife.Infact,it’soneoftheleading____35____ofdeath.It’sbigcaringheartslikeSammie’sthathelpourplanethealagainstdamage.21．A．complained B．allowed C．approved D．spoke22．A．costly B．heavy C．productive D．valueless23．A．reviewed B．recreated C．removed D．recycled24．A．kepttrackof B．reachedoutto C．sanghighpraisesfor D．gotridof25．A．Unfortunately B．Accordingly C．Apparently D．Eventually26．A．born B．promoted C．obtained D．commented27．A．attraction B．attention C．acceptance D．admission28．A．campaigns B．contests C．assemblies D．awards29．A．nicknamed B．introduced C．defined D．named30．A．theotherday B．todate C．bythen D．untilrecently31．A．sustainability B．changeability C．adaptability D．visibility32．A．though B．as C．if D．when33．A．combined B．mixed C．involved D．fitted34．A．fields B．walls C．oceans D．rains35．A．explanations B．questions C．ways D．causes【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍SammieVance发起了一个名为“Sammie’sBuddyBenchProject”倡议，呼吁大家回收瓶盖制作供人们休息的长椅，这有助于帮助地球从破坏中恢复。21．C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：校长赞成这个想法。A.complained抱怨；B.allowed允许；C.approved赞同；D.spoke讲。根据下文“SoSammie___24___

othersinhercommunitytocollectenoughcapstomakeonebench.”推知，校长赞成了Sammie的想法。故选C。22．A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但木头的长椅和贵。A.costly昂贵的；B.heavy重的；C.productive多产的；D.valueless没有价值的。根据下文“Justonewouldbeworthnearlyathousanddollars.”可知，木制的长椅很贵。故选A。23．D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，一个由回收瓶盖制成的长椅只需250美元左右。A.reviewed复习；B.recreated在创造，重现；C.removed移除；D.recycled回收利用。根据下文“SoSammie___24___othersinhercommunitytocollectenoughcapstomakeonebench”可知，此处是指用回收的瓶盖制作长椅。故选D。24．B【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：因此，Sammie向社区里的其他人求助，收集足够的瓶盖来制作一张长椅。A.kepttrackof跟踪；B.reachedoutto伸手，求助；C.sanghighpraisesfor高度赞扬；D.gotridof摆脱。根据“othersinhercommunitytocollectenoughcaps”可知，Sammie一个人在短时间内不能收集足够多的瓶盖，因此求助于社区的其他人。故选B。25．D【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，她成功从50个州收集到了瓶盖。A.Unfortunately不幸的是；B.Accordingly相应地，因此；C.Apparently显然；D.Eventually最终。根据上文“SoSammie___24___othersinhercommunitytocollectenoughcapstomakeonebench.”可知，此处指经过Sammie和社区他人的努力，她最终收集到了足够的瓶盖。故选D。26．A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，“Sammie的伙伴长椅项目”的倡议诞生了。A.born生，诞生；B.promoted升值，促进；C.obtained获得；D.commented评论。根据下文“Prettysoon,Sammie’sBuddyBenchProjectbegancommandingthe___27___ofseveralnewsmedia.”可知，“Sammie的伙伴长椅项目”的倡议诞生了。故选A。27．B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，Sammie的BuddyBench项目开始吸引了几家新闻媒体的关注。A.attraction吸引力，吸引物；B.attention注意力，关注；C.acceptance接受；D.admission准许进入，进入权。根据下文“Sammiehasbeenchosenthereceiverofseveral___28___andwas___29___oneofPeoplemagazine’s“GirlsChangingtheWorld”.”可知，Sammie的项目得到了媒体的关注。故选B。28．D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为她惊人的努力，Sammie被选为多个奖项的获得者，并被《人物》杂志评为“改变世界的女孩”之一。A.campaigns运动，战役；B.contests竞赛，比赛；C.assemblies集会，议会；D.awards奖品，奖励。根据“Forheramazingefforts”可知，因为Sammie的努力她得到了多个奖项。故选D。29．D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.nicknamed取绰号；B.introduced介绍，引入；C.defined定义；D.named命名。“GirlsChangingtheWorld”是《人物》杂志给Sammie的头衔，用“命名”符合句意。故选D。30．B【解析】考查短语辨析。句意：直到今天，在全国各地的学校和公园，加上墨西哥和澳大利亚，已经有200多个瓶盖伙伴长椅。A.theotherday几天前；B.todate至今；C.bythen直到那时；D.untilrecently直到最近。结合上文内容可知，此处是指“Sammie的伙伴长椅项目”自诞生以来获得的成就，todate符合句意。故选B。31．A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这也是可持续发展的重大胜利。A.sustainability耐久性，可持续性；B.changeability可变性；C.adaptability适应性；D.visibility能见度。根据下文“Itisreportedthat1.3billionbottlecapsareusedeachyear.”可知，用可回收的瓶盖制作长椅是可持续性发展的体现。故选A。32．B【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：这些瓶盖不能以相同的方式与塑料瓶一起回收，因为每个瓶盖的熔点都不同，当它们混合在一起时，可能会破坏整个批次。A.though然而；B.as因为，当，即使；C.if如果；D.when当。结合句意可知，瓶盖的熔点不同是瓶盖不能和塑料瓶同时回收的原因。故选B。33．B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.combined联合；B.mixed混合；C.involved包括，涉及；D.fitted适合。根据“itcanruinanentirebatch”并结合常识可知，如果把瓶盖和塑料瓶混合在一起同时回收，会破坏整个批次。故选B。34．C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：仅在我们的海洋中就发现了数百万个瓶盖，这可能会对海洋生物造成破坏。A.fields田野，领域；B.walls墙；C.oceans海洋；D.rains雨。根据“whichcanbedevastatingtomarinelife.”可知，此处是指在海洋中发现了数百万个瓶盖。故选C。35．D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，它是导致死亡的主要原因之一。A.explanations解释；B.questions问题；C.ways方法；D.causes原因，起因。结合常识可知，海洋中的塑料是导致海洋生物死亡的原因之一。故选D。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheChinesefolkdanceisamicrocosm(缩影)ofthecountry’srichculture.Thepeacockdanceisa____36____(tradition)folkdanceoftheDaiminority.TheDaipeopleareknownfortheirdancingandsingingskills.It’ssaidthatmore____37____athousandyearsago,theDaiminority’sheadlearnedtodancethrough____38____(copy)theelegantgesturesofthepeacock.Afterwards,thedance____39____(promote)bylatergenerationsandspreadwidely.In____40____mindoftheDaipeople,thepeacockisasymbolofhappiness.Thedancemovementsareusuallyperformedinafixedorder.Thedancestartswithapeacockflyingoutfrom____41____(it)nestandlookingaroundcautiously.It____42____(wander)aroundthewildsearchingforfood.Havinghaditsfill,thepeacockthengoestotheriverbanktobatheandplayinthewater.Afterthat,itshakesthewaterdropsoffandcombsitsfeathers.When____43____(compete)withotherpeacocks,itdisplaysitsbeautifultailtoitsrivalsanditsbeloved.Attheendofthedance,thepeacockspreadsoutitswingsandfliesjoyfullyintothesky.____44____(show)alivelypeacock,dancersmustusearangeofhandmovementsandeyeexpressions.Theirkneesmustbeveryflexible,_____45_____isafeatureoftheDaidance.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。介绍了傣族的孔雀舞的历史和动作要领。36．traditional【解析】考查形容词。句意：孔雀舞是傣族的传统民间舞蹈。此处应用形容词修饰名词dance，名词tradition的形容词形式为traditional。故填traditional。37．than【解析】考查固定词组。句意：据说一千多年前，傣族人的首领通过模仿孔雀优美的的姿势学会了跳舞。“morethan”意为“超过，多余”，超过一千年。故填than。38．copying【解析】考查动名词。句意：据说一千多年前，傣族人的首领通过模仿孔雀优美的的姿势学会了跳舞。介词through后跟动名词做宾语。故填copying。39．waspromoted【解析】考查被动语态和时态。句意：之后，这种舞蹈被后辈人宣传推广并广泛传播。主语dance与动词promote之间存在被动关系，且时间为过去，应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填waspromoted。40．the【解析】考查冠词。句意：在傣族人的心中，孔雀是幸福的象征。此处特指傣族人的想法，应使用定冠词进行特指。故填the。41．its【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：孔雀舞以孔雀从它的巢穴飞出并谨慎地环顾开始。名词nest前应使用形容词性物主代词修饰。故填its。42．wanders【解析】考查时态和人称。句意：孔雀在野外四处闲逛觅食。此处描述舞蹈动作含义的客观事实，应使用一般现在时，且主语为第三人称单数。故填wanders。43．competing

【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：当与其他孔雀竞争时，它会向它的对手和爱人展示漂亮的尾巴。在状语从