2025届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专题特训13含解析

PAGE阅读理解专题特训13AWhetheryoupreferburningthemidnightoilorgoingtobedearlysoyoucangetupatthebreakofdawndependsonyourgenes,accordingtoexperts.Ijumpoutofbedeachmorning,eagertostartanactiveday.ButIcanhearmyneighbour’salarmclockringingnon-stopeverymorningandIdoubthegetstoworkontime.Alotofnoisecomesfromhisflatintheevening.He’shappytostayupwatchingTVtillaftermidnight,whileIgotobedearlyandtrytosleep.Well,itmightnotbehisfaultafterall.I’mcalled“alark(百灵鸟)”andmyneighbour“anowl(猫头鹰)”.Weallhaveinside“clocks”inthebraintocontrolallkindsofbodilyfunctionsanditisreseteverydaybylight.Theseinsideclocksruntoadifferentschedulein“larks”and“owls”.Ifyouhaveafastclock,youliketodothingsearly,andifyouhaveaslowclock,youliketodothingslate.Becauseweliveina24/7world,scientistsbelieveit’simportanttounderstandaperson’s“chronotype”—thetimeofthedaywhentheyfunctionthebest.Itcouldhelpusleadahealthierlife.AUSprofessorhasstudiedsleepingpatternsandthinksworktimesshouldbechangedandmademoreindividualtofitinwithourchronotypes.Andhehasadviceforthosewhocan’tchoosetheirworkinghours:“Ifthat’snotpossible,weshouldbemorecarefulaboutlightexposure,”saystheprofessor.“Youshouldtrytogotoworknotinacoveredvehiclebutonabike.Theminutethesunsetsweshouldusethingsthathavenobluelight,likecomputerscreensandotherelectronicdevices.”1.Howisthepassagemainlydeveloped?A.Bypresentingandsolvingproblems.B.Byexplainingthecause-effectrelationship.C.Bygivingexamplesanddrawingaconclusion.D.Byanalyzingdifferencesandprovidingadvice.2.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethattheauthor’sneighbour.

A.almostalwaysgetstoworkontimeB.hastoworkdeepintothenighteverydayC.ispassiveduringthedaybutenergeticatnightD.iseasilywokenupbyhisalarmclockinthemorning3.Thingswithbluelightarenotrecommendedaftersunsetbecausebluelight.

A.willmakeyounervousB.maycausesleepproblemsC.willreduceyourworkefficiencyD.maymakeyousleepyB(2024·全国Ⅲ卷,A)OPENINGSANDPREVIEWSAnimalsOutofPaperYolo!ProductionsandtheGreatGriffonpresenttheplaybyRajivJoseph,inwhichanorigami(折纸术)artistinvitesateenagetalentandhisteacherintoherstudio.MerriMilwedirects.Inpreviews.OpensFeb.12.(WestParkPresbyterianChurch,165W.86thSt.212-868-4444.)TheAudienceHelenMirrenstarsintheplaybyPeterMorgan,aboutQueenElizabethⅡoftheUKandherprivatemeetingswithtwelvePrimeMinistersinthecourseofsixtyyears.StephenDaldrydirects.AlsostarringDylanBakerandJudithIvey.PreviewsbeginFeb.14.(Schoenfeld,236W.45thSt.212-239-6200.)HamiltonLin-ManuelMirandawrotethismusicalaboutAlexanderHamilton,inwhichthebirthofAmericaispresentedasanimmigrantstory.ThomasKaildirects.Inpreviews.OpensFeb.17.(Public,425LafayetteSt.212-967-7555.)OntheTwentiethCenturyKristinChenowethandPeterGallagherstarinthemusicalcomedybyBettyComdenandAdolphGreen,aboutaBroadwayproducerwhotriestowinamoviestar’sloveduringacross-countrytrainjourney.ScottEllisdirects,forRoundaboutTheatreCompany.PreviewsbeginFeb.12.(AmericanAirlinesTheatre,227W.42ndSt.212-719-1300.)1.WhatistheplaybyRajivJosephprobablyabout?A.Atypeofart. B.Ateenager’sstudio. C.Agreatteacher. D.Agroupofanimals.2.WhoisthedirectorofTheAudience?A.HelenMirren. B.PeterMorgan. C.DylanBaker. D.StephenDaldry.3.WhichplaywillyougotoifyouareinterestedinAmericanhistory?A.AnimalsOutofPaper. B.TheAudience.C.Hamilton. D.OntheTwentiethCentury.C(2024·全国Ⅰ卷,B)GoodMorningBritain’sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe’sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe’slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,”sheexplains.“Ipay￡5foraportion(一份),butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe’renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.”Theeight-partseries(系列节目),SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV’sSaveMoney:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.Intonight’sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamily’slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.1.WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?A.Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests. B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning. D.Shehashadatightbudgetforherfamily.2.HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher. B.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.C.Heassistsherincookingmatters. D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.3.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs. B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation. D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.KeepingFitbyEatingSmart B.BalancingOurDailyDietC.MakingYourselfaPerfectChef D.CookingWellforLessDWeknowthefamousones—theThomasEdisonsandtheAlexanderGrahamBells—butwhataboutthelessfamousinventors?Whataboutthepeoplewhoinventedthetrafficlightandthewindshieldwiper(雨刮器)?Shouldn’tweknowwhotheyare?JoanMcLeanthinksso.Infact,McLean,aprofessorofphysicsatMountainUniversityinRange,feelssostronglyaboutthismatterthatshe’sdevelopedacourseonthetopic.Inadditiontolearning“who”invented“what”,however,McLeanalsolikesherstudentstolearntheanswerstothe“why”and“how”questions.AccordingtoMcLean,“Whenstudentslearntheanswerstothesequestions,theyarebetterpreparedtorecognizeopportunitiesforinventingandmoremotivatedtogiveinventingatry.”Herstudentsagree.OneyoungmanwithapatentforanunbreakableumbrellaiswalkingproofofMcLean’sstatement.“IfIhadnotheardthestoryofthewindshieldwiper’sinvention,”saidTommyLee,aseniorphysicsmajor,“Iwouldneverhavedreamedofturningmybadexperienceduringarainstormintosomethingsoconstructive.”Leeiscurrentlynegotiatingtosellhispatenttoanumbrellaproducer.So,justwhatisthestorybehindthewindshieldwiper?Well,MaryAndersoncameupwiththeideain1902afteravisittoNewYorkCity.Thedaywascoldandstormy,butAndersonstillwantedtoseethesights,soshejumpedaboardastreetcar.Noticingthatthedriverwasstrugglingtoseethroughthesnowcoveringthewindshield,shefoundherselfwonderingwhytherecouldn’tbeabuilt-indeviceforcleaningthewindow.StillwonderingaboutthiswhenshereturnedhometoBirmingham,Alabama,Andersonstarteddraftingoutsolutions.Oneofherideas,alever(操作杆)ontheinsideofavehiclethatwouldcontrolanarmontheoutside,becamethefirstwindshieldwiper.Todaywebenefitfromcountlessinventionsandinnovations.It’shardtoimaginedrivingwithoutGarrettA.Morgan’strafficlight.It’sequallyimpossibletopictureaworldwithoutKatherineJ.Blodgett’sinnovationthatmakesglassinvisible.Canyoupicturelifewithoutclearwindowsandeyeglasses?1.Bymentioning“trafficlight”and“windshieldwiper”,theauthorindicatesthatcountlessinventionsare.

A.beneficial,becausetheirinventorsarefamousB.beneficial,thoughtheirinventorsarelessfamousC.notuseful,becausetheirinventorsarelessfamousD.notuseful,thoughtheirinventorsarefamous2.ProfessorJoanMcLean’scourseaimsto.

A.addcolourandvarietytostudents’campuslifeB.informstudentsofthewindshieldwiper’sinventionC.carryouttherequirementsbyMountainUniversityD.preparestudentsfortheirowninventions3.TommyLee’sinventionoftheunbreakableumbrellawas.

A.noteventuallyacceptedbytheumbrellaproducerB.inspiredbythestorybehindthewindshieldwiperC.duetohisexperienceofbeingcaughtinasnowstormD.notrelatedtoProfessorJoanMcLean’slectures4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthispassage?A.HowtoHelpStudentstoSellTheirInventionstoProducers?B.HowtoDesignaBuilt-inDeviceforCleaningtheWindow?C.Shouldn’tWeKnowWhoInventedtheWindshieldWiper?D.Shouldn’tWeDevelopInventionCoursesinUniversities?E(2024·全国Ⅰ卷)AFewTipsforSelf-AcceptanceWeallwantit...toacceptandloveourselves.Butattimesitseemstoodifficultandtoofaroutofreach.1Here’sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.

●2Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyyouinthisworld.

●Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.Weareoftenashamedofourshortcomings,ourmistakesandourfailures.3Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfacompassionate(有怜悯心)response?“Thatdidn’tgoasplanned.But,Itriedmybest.”

●Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.4

●Nowthatyou’velistedyourstrengths,listyourimperfections.Turnthepageinyourjournal.Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon’tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.5Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?

A.Feelingupsetagain?B.Wheredoyoustart?C.Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.D.Remember,youareonlyhuman.E.Setanintentionforself-acceptance.F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.G.Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?答案：A【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过分析自己和邻居不同的作息状况,说明白每个人都有自己的睡眠类型:有的人晚上的工作效率高,有的人白天的工作效率高。但是,假如无法选择工作时间,那么就应在晚上尽量避开蓝色的光,因为蓝色的光可能会导致睡眠问题。1.D解析:写作手法题。作者通过分析自己与邻居不同的作息状况,提到这是由于基因的不同造成的。然后,作者对此提出建议,即不同的人应当采纳不同的作息时间。故选D项。2.C解析:推理推断题。依据其次段其次句“ButIcanhear...toworkontime.”和第三段可知,作者的邻居白天状态消极,晚上却精力充足。故选C项。3.B解析:推理推断题。依据文章最终一段第一句可知,假如我们无法选择工作时间,不得不在白天工作而在晚上休息,我们就应当更加留意光的照耀,尤其是不要在晚上接触蓝色的光。由此可推知,蓝色的光可能会导致睡眠问题。故选B项。B【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了二月份有四部要演出的戏剧。1.A解析:细微环节理解题。由题干RajivJoseph定位到AnimalsOutofPaper部分,依据本段中的“...inwhichanorigamiartistinvitesateenagetalentandhisteacherintoherstudio.”可知,这部戏剧是关于折纸艺术的。故选A项。2.D解析:细微环节理解题。依据TheAudience部分中的“StephenDaldrydirects.”可知,StephenDaldry是TheAudience的导演。3.C解析:细微环节理解题。依据Hamilton部分中的“...inwhichthebirthofAmericaispresentedasanimmigrantstory.”可知,假如对美国历史感爱好可以观看Hamilton。C【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一档新节目,其内容为如何在资金惊慌的状况下做出养分可口的饭菜。1.B解析:推理推断题。依据文章的第一段,特殊是其中的转折部分“...butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.”可知,她最近的角色是教观众如何在资金惊慌的状况下做出养分可口的饭菜。由此推想,她现在起先了一个新节目,所以选B项。2.C解析:推理推断题。依据其次段中的“...withthehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.”可知,MattTebbutt在烹饪方面赐予了她帮助,所以选C项。3.C解析:推理推断题。作者在第四段中提到“Theeight-partseries,SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthef