浙江强基联盟高三下学期5月全国“优创名校”联考英语试卷（含听力）

浙江强基联盟5月份高三全国“优创名校”联考英语注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．£19.15.B．£9.18.C．£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatwillAndydonextmonth?A.Changehisgift. B.Lookforanotherjob. C.Celebratehispromotion.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Andy,howisyourpresentjob?M:Justsoso.Idon’tthinkIcangetanypromotion.Iwanttochangemyjob,andI’vedecidedtoresignmyjobandgetanewjobnextmonth.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmuchshouldthemanpayifhebuysablueblouse?A.20dollars. B.40dollars. C.50dollars.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Thiswhiteblouseisonsaletoday.Youcanhaveitat10%oftheregularpriceof50dollars.M:Canyougivemea20%discount?W:Sorry,no.Howaboutthatblueone,whoseoriginalpriceisalso50dollars?Icanmeetyourdiscountdemand.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Fatheranddaughter.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Dear,areyougoingtowatchthetennismatchonSaturdayafternoon?Itlookslikeit’sgoingtobeagoodone.M:Goodidea!Wecanalsoaskourfathertowatchit.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersdoingnow?A.Havingarest. B.Drinkingwater. C.Climbingamountain.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Wouldyouliketostopforaresttodrinksomewaternow?M:Oh,let’skeepgoing.Look,wearealmostonthetopofMountHuang.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Theplaneticketwasexpensive.B.Shedecidedtosavemoremoney.C.Therewereafewplaneticketsleft.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Sohowmuchwasyourplaneticket?W:LuckilyIboughtthelastticket.ButitwasmorethanIcouldreallyafford.Ihadtodipintomysavings.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.What’stheweatherlikenow?A.Snowy. B.Rainy. C.Windy.7.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.WatchTVathome.B.Checktheweatherforecast.C.Seeabasketballgameoutside.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】M:It’scold.Itissupposedtogetwarmertoday.W:Ithinkso.That’swhattheweathermansaid.M:What’sthetemperature?W:Hesaidthemaximumtemperatureis15℃.Itmustbethewindthatmakesitsocold.I’mfrozen!Itlookslikerain.M:Metoo.Let’sgoinside.ThereisalivebasketballgameonTVnow.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Wherearethespeakers?A.Onaroad. B.Inasupermarket. C.Atapostoffice.9.Howwillthespeakersgotothetrainstationatlast?A.Onfoot. B.Bybus. C.Bytaxi.【答案】8.A9.C【解析】【原文】W:Ithinkweoughttotakeataxiorabustothetrainstation.M:Notatthismoment.Lookatthetraffic.It’smovingslowly.Wecangettherejustasquicklyonfoot.W:ButIcan’tcarrythissuitcaseanyfarther.M:Letmehelpyou.Icancarryyoursuitcaseandmineaswell.Theyaren’tthatheavy.Hum!W:Don’tbesilly.They’remuchheavierthanyouthought!M:Perhapsit’snotabadideatotakeataxiafterall.W:Ican’tagreewithyouenough.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.What’sthearticleJackisreadingabout?A.Science. B.Society. C.Entertainment.11.Wheredothespeakersefrom?A.Germany. B.America. C.France.12.Whichwordcanbestdescribethespeakers?A.Demanding. B.Humorous. C.Sympathetic.【答案】10.B11.B12.C【解析】【原文】W:You’resofocused!Whatareyoulookingat,Jack?M:I’mreadinganarticleinthenewspaperabouttheworld’shomelesspopulation.W:Homelesspopulation?M:Yes.Asweknow,sociologistsdefinehomelesspeopleasthosewhohavenofixedshelteronanynight.Thesefiguresshowfivecountrieswithlargehomelesspopulation.W:Wow,that’samazing.I’veneverrealizedthattherearesomanyhomelesspeopleinGermanyandFrance.M:Youalsocan’tbelievehowmanypeopleinourcountryarewaitingforustohelp!W:Yeah.Althoughoverall,NewYorkisrichintheUnitedStates,itstillhaslotsofhomelesspeople.Wecandosomethingtomakeadifferencetothepoorinourhometown.Whatdoyouthinkwecandotohelpthem?M:Well,wecanraisemoneythroughacharitysale,whichmayhelpthemalittle.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.WhatwillthepeoplefromtheEdiblePlaygrounddo?A.Helpcookvegetables.B.Givelessonsaboutcooking.C.Advisehowtogrowvegetables.14.WhatdoesAlicethinkoftheactivity?A.Worthwhile. B.Boring. C.Tiring.15.What’sHarry’sattitudetogardening?A.Curious. B.Uninterested. C.Supportive.16.Whosettheactivityrule?A.Thecook. B.Thegardener. C.Theheadmaster.【答案】13.C14.A15.B16.C【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Harry.Haveyoueverheardthenews?SomeprofessionalpeoplefromtheEdiblePlaygroundareingtoourschoollaterthismorning,whichIthinkmanyofusareexpecting.M:Oh,Alice.Whatwilltheydo?W:Theywillgiveadviceonthewaysofgrowingvegetablesatschool.It’llbemuchfun!M:Why?I’mnotintogardeningatall.Andneitherismybestfriend.I’mtellingyouthatwewon’tgetinvolved.W:Oh,don’tfeelsobored,Harry.I’veheardthatwearegoingtoplantvegetablesaroundtheschoolnextmonth.Then,whentheyaremature,we’llpickthem.So,we’llbecookingthemintheschoolkitchenundertheguidanceofteachersinfourmonths.Thisisameaningfulactivity.Itissaidthatourheadmasterspentalongtimeplanningit.Asstudentsinourschool,weshouldn’tlethimdown.M:Hmm...WhenIseeaplateofvegetablesauceinfrontofme,I’llbelieveyou!W:OK,butIwanttotellyouanactivityrulefromourheadmaster:Thestudentswhodon’tliketodosomegardeningwillhavetodothecooking.M:Hey,that’snotfair.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatdothepublicpaymoreattentiontoaccordingtotherecentsurvey?A.Newsmedia. B.Politicalissues. C.Livingconditions.18.Howmanypeoplerespondedtothesurvey?A.500. B.1,500. C.15,000.19.Whatdidmostrespondentsthinkeveryoneshoulddo?A.Joininenvironmentalprotectioncampaigns.B.Developasenseofenvironmentalprotection.C.Donatemoneytotheenvironmentaldepartment.20.Whichonehasbeethemainvolunteeractivity?A.Drivingless. B.Plantingtrees. C.Pickingrubbish.【答案】17.C18.B19.B20.A【解析】【原文】M:Mostresidentsinourcityattachimportancetoenvironmentalissuesandbeeawareoftheirresponsibilityinthisrespect,accordingtoarecentsurvey.Thepublicarefoundtohavebeenmorefocusedontheirlivingconditions,suchasdrinkingwater,airqualityandnoisepollution.Therespondentsgaveahighscoretodescribetheleveloftheirsatisfactionabouttheirsurroundings.Atotalof1,500peoplerespondedtothesurvey.Andmostofthemgaveapositiveassessmentofthecity’senvironmentalprotectionefforts,especiallytheimprovementofairquality.Mostrespondentssaidtheyagreedwiththebeliefthateveryoneshoulddeveloptheawarenessofenvironmentalprotection.Somerespondentssaidtheywillinglycontributedfinanciallytotheenvironmentaldepartment,andtheyhadtakenpartinsomeformsofenvironmentalprotectioncampaigns,whileotherssaidthecostoftheenvironmentalimprovementshouldbepaidbypublicfinanceorbornebythosewhocausedit.Itisreportedthatdrivinglesshasreplacedtreeplantingandrubbishpickingasthemainvolunteeractivity.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANorthRimtoreopenonJune2withlimitedservicesavailableNewsReleaseDate:May17,2023Contact:JoëlleBaird,9286063154GrandCanyon,ArizTheNorthRimofGrandCanyonNationalParkwillopenasscheduled,onJune2,withlimitedvisitorservicesandwaterconservationmeasuresduetoabreakintheNorthRimwaterpipeline.Alandslidefromwinterstormsdestroyedmorethan300feetoftheNorthRimwaterpipeline.VisitorServicesTheGrandCanyonLodgewilloperatedayuseserviceswithlimitedfoodandbeverageservicebeginningonJune2.NoovernightacmodationswillbeavailableuntilatleastJuly23,2023.TheNorthRimCampground,managedbytheNationalParkService,willoperateasscheduledbeginningonJune9withpotabledrinkingwaterandtoiletsavailable.ThepubliclaundryandshowerfacilitieswillnotbeopenatleastthroughJuly23,2023.TheNorthRimVisitorCenterandGrandCanyonConservancy’sbookstoreopenasusual,8amto6pmdaily,withavarietyofrangerprogramsoffered.VisitorsexploringtheNorthRimthissummershouldbeselfsufficientandshouldbringadequatefoodandwaterforthedayasservicesarelimitedandmaybesubjecttochange.Nearby,acmodatingisavailableattheKaibabLodgeandfoodservicesandfuelattheNorthRimCountryStore.Yearroundacmodating,foodservicesandfuelarelocated45milesnorthoftheNorthRimatJacobLake.Asaresultofsubstantialwinterrockfallandlandslides,trail(步道)repairworkontheNorthKaibabTrailcontinues.ThereisatrailclosureineffectontheNorthKaibabTrailanditwillofficiallyreopenonJune16,2023.21.Whichwasnotaffectedandopensasusual?A.Thepubliclaundry. B.TheGrandCanyonLodge.C.TheNorthKaibabTrail. D.TheNorthRimVisitorCenter.22.WhatcanwelearnabouttheNorthKaibabTrailfromthetext?A.Itoffersfoodservice. B.ItisaroundJacobLake.C.Itisunderrepairnow. D.Itopensalltheyeararound.23.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Towarnvisitorsoftheoninglandslide.B.Toinformvisitorsofschedulesofsomeattractions.C.ToappealtomorevisitorstotheGrandCanyonNationalPark.D.ToadvertisetheproductsoftheGrandCanyonNationalPark.【答案】21.D22.C23.B【解析】【导语】本文为一篇应用文，主要介绍了美国大峡谷公园景点北缘因山体滑坡而对游览的时间和路线做出的调整。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“TheNorthRimVisitorCenterandGrandCanyonConservancy’sbookstoreopenasusual,8amto6pmdaily,withavarietyofrangerprogramsoffered.(北缘游客中心和大峡谷保护协会的书店照常营业，每天早上8点到下午6点，提供各种护林员项目)”可知，北缘游客中心和大峡谷保护协会里的书店照常开放，没有调整。故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Asaresultofsubstantialwinterrockfallandlandslides,trail(步道)repairworkontheNorthKaibabTrailcontinues.(由于冬季大量的岩崩和山体滑坡，北凯巴布步道的道路修复工作仍在继续)”可知，北凯巴布步道的修复工作仍在继续。故选C。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据GrandCanyon,Ariz下“TheNorthRimofGrandCanyonNationalParkwillopenasscheduled,onJune2,withlimitedvisitorservicesandwaterconservationmeasuresduetoabreakintheNorthRimwaterpipeline.(大峡谷国家公园北缘将于6月2日如期开放，但由于北缘输水管道断裂，游客服务受到限制，并采取了节约用水的措施)”及全文内容可知，本文写作目的是为了告诉游客美国大峡谷公园景点北缘因山体滑坡而对游览的时间和路线做出的调整。故选B。BSinceCynthiaFloriowasalifeguardatTobayBeachinthe1990s,shehaswatchedtheoceanapproachtheshoreanddrawclosertothedunes(沙丘).It’swhatforcedFlorio,53,ofMassapequa,totakepartintheTownofOysterBay’sannualdunegrassplantingeventonMarch30—anefforttohelpstabilizethebeachdunesagainstshorelineerosion(侵蚀).Alongwithothervolunteers,Floriohadspenthourswithherdaughter,KyraFlorioMarinello,15,andherdaughter’sfriendTatumBrennan,15,plantingthenativeplantsthatwereintendedtoabsorbwaterandpreparethesandagainstheavywind.Butfourdayslater,astormonWednesdayhitLongIslandandwashedthenewplantsaway.“Thelatestduneplantingeventdrewmorethan150volunteerswhoplantedalotacross2.7acresofAtlanticOceansanddunes,”saidMartaKane,anOysterBayspokeswoman.“Thedunegrasscostthetown$32,000.”Theevent,centeredonvolunteerism,drewsomefamilieswhoseelderswerelookingtoshareamessagewithayoungergenerationabouttheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment.Whiletheouteresultedinawaveofdisappointment,forsomevolunteersthatwascoupledwithasenseofrenewedmotivation.MariaRizzi,70,ofMassapequa,participatedintheplantingsessionwithhergrandson,AndrewLepsis,10.Shesaidshewouldgobackforanothereventwithevenmorefamilymembers.“I’dbewillingtodoitagain,”shesaid.“I’deventalktheoldergrandkidsintoing.”Whilethestormsweptthenewplantsaway,FloriosaidTobayBeach’sappearanceaftermathservesasapowerfulreminderoftheneedformorevolunteerworkonthatstretchofsand.“Maybeitwillinspiremorepeopletovolunteerandunderstandtheneedforustoprotectourbeaches,”Floriosaid.24.Whatistheaimofthedunegrassplantingevent?A.Toprotecttheoceanfrombeingpolluted. B.Tokeeptheshorelineingoodshape.C.Toreduceextremeweatherconditions. D.Topreventpeopleplayingonthebeach.25.Whichcanbestdescribethedunegrassplantingevent?A.Popularbutcostly. B.Traditionalbutplex.C.Creativeandeconomical. D.Successfulandrewarding.26.HowdidMariaRizzifeelaboutgrassplanting?A.Interesting. B.Disappointed. C.Hopeless. D.Motivated.27.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.GreatGrassPlanting B.TheBestoftheStormC.SpiritNeverWashedAway D.VolunteersMakingHistoryTogether【答案】24.B25.A26.D27.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，为了防止海滩沙丘被海岸线侵蚀，OysterBay的志愿者开展了沙丘植草活动。虽然种植的植物在暴风雨中被摧毁，但志愿者们的意志未被摧毁，他们准备再次尝试。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“It’swhatforcedFlorio,53,ofMassapequa,totakepartintheTownofOysterBay’sannualdunegrassplantingeventonMarch30—anefforttohelpstabilizethebeachdunesagainstshorelineerosion(侵蚀).(这就是迫使53岁的Florio参加3月30日奥斯特湾镇一年一度的沙丘草种植活动的原因，这是为了帮助稳定海滩沙丘，防止海岸线侵蚀)”可知，沙丘植草活动旨在帮助稳定海滩沙丘，放置海岸线侵蚀，以此保持海岸线的良好的形状，故选B。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“‘Thelatestduneplantingeventdrewmorethan150volunteerswhoplantedalotacross2.7acresofAtlanticOceansanddunes,’saidMartaKane,anOysterBayspokeswoman.‘Thedunegrasscostthetown$32,000.’(‘最近的沙丘种植活动吸引了150多名志愿者，他们在2.7英亩的大西洋沙丘上种植了很多东西。’OysterBay的女发言人MartaKane说。‘沙丘草让小镇损失了3.2万美元。’)”对参加该活动的人数和其花费可知，沙丘植草活动受到大家的欢迎和支持，但有点费钱，故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Shesaidshewouldgobackforanothereventwithevenmorefamilymembers.‘I’dbewillingtodoitagain,’shesaid.‘I’deventalktheoldergrandkidsintoing.’(她说她会和更多的家庭成员一起回去参加另一个活动。‘我愿意再来一次，’她说。‘我甚至会说服大一点的孙子们来。’)”可知，MariaRizzi对沙丘植草活动充满希望，积极性很高，故选D。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第三段中“Whiletheouteresultedinawaveofdisappointment,forsomevolunteersthatwascoupledwithasenseofrenewedmotivation.(虽然结果导致了一波失望，但对一些志愿者来说，这伴随着一种新的动力)”可知，为了防止海滩沙丘被海岸线侵蚀，OysterBay的志愿者开展了沙丘植草活动。虽然种植的植物在暴风雨中被摧毁，但志愿者们的意志未被摧毁，他们准备再次尝试。C项“从未被冲走的精神”为最佳标题，故选C。CTrillionsofevolution’swonders,redeyedperiodicalcicadas(蝉)thathavepumpsintheirheadsandjetlikemusclesintheirbodies,areabouttoemergeinnumbersnotseenindecadesandpossiblycenturies.Crawlingoutfromundergroundevery13or17years,withacollectivesongasloudasjetengines,theperiodicalcicadasarenature’skingsofthecalendar.Theseblackbugswithbulgingeyesdifferfromtheirgreenercousinsthateoutannually.Theystayburiedyearafteryear,untiltheysurfaceandtakeoveralandscape.Thisspring,anunusualcicadadoublepopulationisabouttoinvadeacoupleofpartsoftheUnitedStatesinwhatUniversityofConnecticutcicadaexpertJohnCooleycalled“cicadageddon”.Thelasttimethesetwobroods(agroupofcreatures)cameouttogetherwasin1803.ThomasJefferson,thethenpresident,wroteaboutcicadasinhisGardenBookbutmistakenlycalledthemlocusts(蝗虫).Usuallymistakenforhungryandunrelatedlocusts,periodicalcicadasaremoreannoyingratherthancausinggreateconomicdamage.Theycanhurtyoungtreesandsomefruitcrops,butit’snotwidespreadandcanbeprevented.Thelargestgeographicbroodinthenation—calledBroodXIXandingoutevery13years—isabouttomarchthroughtheSoutheast,havingalreadycreatedcountlessboreholesintheredGeorgiaclay.It’sasuresignoftheingcicadaoccupation.“Theyemergewhenthegroundwarmsto64degrees,whichishappeningearlierthanitusedtobecauseofclimatechange,”scientistssaid.“Thebugsarebrownatfirstbutdarkenastheymature.”SoonaftertheinsectsappearinlargenumbersinGeorgiaandtherestoftheSoutheast,cicadacousinsthateoutevery17yearswillinundateIllinois.TheyareBroodⅩⅢ.“Andwhenyouputthosetwotogether…youwouldhavemorethananywhereelseanyothertime,”UniversityofMarylandentomologistPaulaShrewsburysaid.“Thesetwobroodsmayactuallyoverlap—butprobablynotinterbreedinasmallareanearcentralIllinois.”28.Howareperiodicalcicadasdifferentfromtheirgreenercousins?A.Theyappearonceayear. B.Theylookmorebeautiful.C.Theyhavestrongermuscles. D.Theyhavealongerlifecircle.29.Whatisamonbeliefonperiodicalcicadas?A.Theyareatypeoflocusts. B.Theyhaveunderestimatedadvantages.C.TheyareThomasJefferson’sinspiration. D.Theyonlyeatyoungtreesandfruitcrops.30.WhatcanbeinferredaboutBroodⅩⅨ?A.TheredGeorgiaclayismorebeneficialtothem.B.Climatechangemaybeconfusingtheirschedules.C.Theadultonesonlylive46weeksbeforetheydie.D.Theyareexpectedtobefoundthroughouttheworld.31.Whatcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“inundate”inthelastparagraph?A.Strikeout. B.Giveup. C.Floodinto. D.Jumpat.【答案】28D29.A30.B31.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了周期性蝉的生活习性和它们与其他蝉的区别，以及它们可能对环境产生的影响。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Crawlingoutfromundergroundevery13or17years,withacollectivesongasloudasjetengines,theperiodicalcicadasarenature’skingsofthecalendar.Theseblackbugswithbulgingeyesdifferfromtheirgreenercousinsthateoutannually.Theystayburiedyearafteryear,untiltheysurfaceandtakeoveralandscape.(每隔13或17年，蝉就会从地下爬出来，发出像喷气发动机一样响亮的集体歌声，它们是自然界的日历之王。这些眼睛凸出的黑色虫子与它们每年出现的绿色表亲不同。它们年复一年地埋在地下，直到浮出水面，占据一片土地。)”可知，这些眼睛凸出的黑色昆虫与它们每年出现的绿色表亲不同。它们年复一年地被埋在地下，直到重新出现，占据一片土地。这说明周期性的蝉生命周期更长。故选D。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Usuallymistakenforhungryandunrelatedlocusts,periodicalcicadasaremoreannoyingratherthancausinggreateconomicdamage.(周期性的蝉通常被误认为是饥饿的不相干的蝗虫，它们更令人讨厌，而不是造成巨大的经济损失。)”可知，人们普遍认为周期性蝉是蝗虫的一种。故选A。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中““Theyemergewhenthegroundwarmsto64degrees,whichishappeningearlierthanitusedtobecauseofclimatechange,”scientistssaid.(科学家们说：“当地面升温到64度时，它们就会出现，由于气候变化，这种情况比以前发生得更早。”)”可知，气候变化可能影响了周期性的蝉的出现时间，即，气候变化可能正在混淆它们的周期时间。故选B。【31题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“SoonaftertheinsectsappearinlargenumbersinGeorgiaandtherestoftheSoutheast,cicadacousinsthateoutevery17yearswill...(这些昆虫在乔治亚州和东南部其他地区大量出现后不久，每17年出现一次的蝉表亲将……)”和“Andwhenyouputthosetwotogether…youwouldhavemorethananywhereelseanyothertime(当你把这两者放在一起时，你会比其他任何时候都有更多的昆虫。)”可知，这些昆虫数量很多，每17年出现一次的蝉的表亲就会淹没伊利诺伊州，划线词的含义为“涌入，淹没”。A.strikeout罢工；B.giveup放弃；C.floodinto涌入；D.jumpat纵身一跃。故选C。DTotalsolareclipses(日食)havescaredpeoplesincetimeoutofmind.Thefirstrecordofone,preservedonaclaytabletfoundatUgarit,onceatradecitybutdestroyedlaterinSyria,isbelievedfromitsageandlocationtodescribeeitheraneclipsethathappenedin1375BCoronein1223BC.LegendaryexplanationsforeclipsesincludetheSunbeingeatenbydogs,frogsordragons.Therealityisnotromantic.Whyaretotalones,liketheoneingonApril8,sorare?Solareclipsesareaspecialcaseofphenomenacalledtransitsandoccultations,inwhichanintervening(介于中间的)heavenlybodystopslightfromastarreachinganobserver.Iftheblockingbodyappearssmallerintheskythanthestar,theresultiscalledatransitandlookslikeadarkspotcrossingthestar’ssurface.Iftheblockingobjectappearslargerthanthestar,thestardisappearspletely—anoccultation.Atotaleclipseisanoccultation.Solareclipsesmaybeeitherofthesethings,sincetheapparentsizesintheskyoftheSunandtheMoon,viewedfromEarth,arealmostidentical.IftheMoonorbitedEarthinthesameplaneasEarthorbitstheSun,eclipseswouldhappeneverymonth,butwouldbetotalonlyinthetropics(热带地区).Inreality,theaverageintervalbetweentotaleclipsesis18months,andtheymaybeseenfromtimetotimeallovertheworld.ThepathoftotalityacrossEarth’ssurfaceisnarrowandtheperiodshort(amaximumofjustoversevenandahalfminutes).Outsidetheseboundaries,theSunwillappearpartiallyeclipsed,lookinglikeapiethatsomethinghastakenabitefrom.TheGreatNorthAmericanEclipse,asithasbeencalled,willbeasighttobeholdonApril8.Butitshouldalsobecherished,becausetotaleclipsesoftheSunwillnothappenforever.Tidalfriction(潮汐摩擦)causestheMoontomoveawayfromEarthat3.8cmayear,makingitappearsmallerandsmallerinthesky.In600millionyearsorsothelast,shorttotalitywilloccur.32.WhatdoestheclaytabletofUgaritrepresent?A.Somefiguresofancientanimals.B.TheSunbeingeatenbysomeanimals.C.Ancientpeoplewhowerehuntingforanimals.D.Theearliesttotalsolareclipserecorded.33.Howdoestheauthordevelopparagraph2?A.Bylistingstatistics. B.Bygivingdefinitions.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.34.Whatcanwelearnabouttotalsolareclipsesfromparagraph3?ATheirdurationisrelativelylonger. B.Theytakeplaceeverymonthactually.C.Theyarevisibleonlyfromanarrowpath. D.TheylooklikeabitetakenoutoftheSun.35.Whatmakestotalsolareclipsessorare?A.ThemovingawayMoon.B.ThestrongertideonEarth.C.ThesmallerattractionoftheMoonforEarth.D.ThechangingdistancebetweentheSunandEarth.【答案】32.D33.B34.C35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了日全食罕见的原因。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Thefirstrecordofone,preservedonaclaytabletfoundatUgarit,onceatradecitybutdestroyedlaterinSyria,isbelievedfromitsageandlocationtodescribeeitheraneclipsethathappenedin1375BCoronein1223BC.(最早的日食记录保存在Ugarit的一块泥板上，乌加里特曾是一个贸易城市，但后来在叙利亚被摧毁。从它的年代和位置来看，人们认为它可以描述发生在公元前1375年或公元前1223年的日食。)”可知，Ugarit的一块泥板描绘了第一份日全食的事实，这是有记录以来最早的日全食。故选D。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Solareclipsesareaspecialcaseofphenomenacalledtransitsandoccultations,inwhichanintervening(介于中间的)heavenlybodystopslightfromastarreachinganobserver.Iftheblockingbodyappearssmallerintheskythanthestar,theresultiscalledatransitandlookslikeadarkspotcrossingthestar’ssurface.Iftheblockingobjectappearslargerthanthestar,thestardisappearspletely—anoccultation.Atotaleclipseisanoccultation.(日食是一种特殊的现象，被称为凌日和掩星，在这种现象中，一个介入的天体阻挡了来自恒星的光到达观测者。如果阻塞体在天空中看起来比恒星小，结果就被称为凌日，看起来像一个穿过恒星表面的黑点。如果被遮挡的物体看起来比恒星大，恒星就会完全消失——这就是掩星。日全食就是掩星。)”可知，第二段主要阐释了transit（凌日）和occultation（掩星）两种自然现象，对这两种现象给出了定义。故选B。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“ThepathoftotalityacrossEarth’ssurfaceisnarrowandtheperiodshort(amaximumofjustoversevenandahalfminutes).(全食穿过地球表面的路径很窄，周期也很短（最长不过7分半钟）。)”可知，日全食穿过地球表面的路径很窄，周期也很短（最长不过7分半钟）。由此可推断，日全食可见的路径窄。故选C。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Tidalfriction(潮汐摩擦)causestheMoontomoveawayfromEarthat3.8cmayear,makingitappearsmallerandsmallerinthesky.(潮汐摩擦使月球以每年3.8厘米的速度远离地球，使它在天空中显得越来越小。)”可知，潮汐摩擦导致月球逐渐远离地球，使其在天空中显得越来越小。由此可知，我们以后再想见到日全食将会越来越难。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtohaveanattractivepersonalityDemonstratinganattractivepersonalityiskeytomakingfriendsandhavinglastingrelationships.Thesetraits(特性)giveyoutheabilitytoinspireandfascinateothers,makingothersmoredrawntoyouasaresult.Listentoothers.___36___Insteadofrespondingtoatext,openinganemail,orthinkingaboutyournextmeal,payattentiontowhattheotherpersonissaying.Showthemyou’relisteningandinterestedbymentingonthestoryoraskingquestions.Speaksincerely.Noonelikestobecheated.___37___Ifyoucan’tmittosomething,it’sbettertobehonestaboutitthantohavetotellthematthelastminutethatyoucan’tmakeit.Whenpeopleaskforyouropinion,youshouldbehonest.___38___Youshouldalwayssaywhatyoubelievein,bewillingtotakerisks,andhavetheabilitytoadmityourmistakewithoutbeingworriedaboutwhatotherpeoplewillthink.Doingthisshowsthatyouhaveselfconfidence.Thishelpscreateanattractivepersonality.Know“how”vs“what”.Howyousaythingsisarguablymoreimportantthanwhatyousay.Ifyoutrytogivesomeoneagenuineplimentbutheorshethinksyousayitwithasarcasticundertone,yourplimentwon’tmeanathing.___39___Ifyounoticethatpeopleoftentakethingsyousaythewrongway,there’sagoodchanceyoucanchangehowyouspeak.Askyourfriendstomakeyouawareofthewayyou’reingacross.Showenthusiasmforeverything.Evenifsomethingmakesyouslightlyunfortable,handleitwithasmileonyourface,anopenmind,andasenseofhumor.Noteverydayisgoingtobeperfect,butbeingenthusiasticcanhelpyouacplishanything.___40___A.Tellpeoplethetruth.B.Youmaymakethingsbad.C.Beawareofthewayyouspeak.D.Haveconfidenceinhowyouspeakandact.E.Whenyouactthisway,peoplewilllovebeingaroundyou.F.Askingquestionsisimportantwhenitestoconfidence.G.Listeningisatraitthatisoftenforgottenintoday’ssociety.【答案】36.G37.A38.D39.C40.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几种展现有吸引力的个性的方式。【36题详解】由上文“Listentoothers.(倾听他人。)”可知，本空要说跟“倾听他人”有关的话题，故G选项“Listeningisatraitthatisoftenforgottenintoday’ssociety.(在当今社会，倾听是一种经常被遗忘的特质。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。【37题详解】由上文“Speaksincerely.Noonelikestobecheated.(真诚地说。没有人喜欢被欺骗)”可知，没有人喜欢被欺骗，所以要告诉人们真相，故A选项“Tellpeoplethetruth.(告诉人们真相)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选A。【38题详解】由下文“Youshouldalwayssaywhatyoubelievein,bewillingtotakerisks,andhavetheabilitytoadmityourmistakewithoutbeingworriedaboutwhatotherpeoplewillthink.Doingthisshowsthatyouhaveselfconfidence.Thishelpscreateanattractivepersonality.(你应该总是说你相信什么，愿意冒险，有能力承认自己的错误，而不用担心别人会怎么想。这样做表明你很自信。这有助于塑造一个有吸引力的个性。)”可知，本段介绍的是让自己对自己的言行有信心，故D选项“Haveconfidenceinhowyouspeakandact.(对自己的言行有信心)”能概括本段主旨，符合题意。故选D。【39题详解】由下文“Ifyounoticethatpeopleoftentakethingsyousaythewrongway,there’sagoodchanceyoucanchangehowyouspeak.(如果你注意到人们经常误解你说的话，那么现在是时候改变你说话的方式了)”可知，本空要说跟“说话的方式”有关的话题，故C选项“Beawareofthewayyouspeak.(注意你说话的方式)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选C。【40题详解】由上文“Noteverydayisgoingtobeperfect,butbeingenthusiasticcanhelpyouacplishanything.(不是每一天都是完美的，但是热情可以帮助你完成任何事情。)”可知，本空要说跟“这样做的意义”有关的话题，故E选项“Whenyouactthisway,peoplewilllovebeingaroundyou.(当你这样做的时候，人们会喜欢和你在一起。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。JamesMogajiisasecurityofficeratProvidenceCollegeRaymondHallinRhodeIsland.Hisenthusiasm