专题01冠词介词数词高频考点（原题版）-2024年中考英语真题题源解密

专题01冠词、介词、数词、冠词、介词、数词是中考最基础考向之一，考查范围是中考必备基础词法知识点。冠词在中考中主要考查定冠词，不定冠词，零冠词及语境应用。介词主要考查基本常见用法，偏重介词词组搭配。数词重点考查分数及不确切的数字的表达。本专题目的在于归纳一些高频考题及梳理一些解题技巧。以帮助同学们高效复习。考点考向考法/命题角度冠词1.a（泛指）——第一次提到，表“一个”2.the（特指）——表示特指“这个”，通常指代上文中有所提及的事物或人。3.元音发音要用an：

通常以a,e,i,o,u开头的可数名词单数要用an用在辅音因素开头的单词a+university,uniform,useful,useless用在元音因素开头的单词前an+hour，honest球类前不加the，乐器前要加the.介词1.常考介词用法2.表示地点的介词3.表方式介词用法4.表方式介词用法5.一些介词固定搭配在近几年的考试中，对介词的考查，重心放在了固定搭配上。对于介词部分的复习，应当加强关注考纲词组的搭配,要强化记忆常用配搭。例如：consistof;beproudof等。数词1.基数词用法、序数词用法2.分数、小数和百分比的表达3.常考点：hundred,thousand,million等用法4.易错点：固定搭配e.g.inmyfifties序数词与a连用表示又一，再一e.g.asecondtime中考中对数词的考查主要集中基数词和序数词的用法和区别上，有时也考查其他的相关用法。比如用数词表示分数，用数词编号等，另外，hundred，thousand，million的用法也是一个需要注意的语法知识点。特别注意不确切的数字的表达。►考向一冠词考点高频易混易错副词梳理/归纳不定冠词1、a,an1.aboy2.anisland,anelephant,anumbrella3.anhouranhonestboy4.auniversity,aEuropean（欧洲的）country2、泛指某一类人、事或物1.Agrammarbookisnecessarytoalanguagelearner.2.Ahorseisausefulanimal.3、表示“每一”，相当于everyIgotoschoolfivedaysaweek.我每周上五天课。4、用在序数词前，表示“又一”，“再一”Ihavethreebooks.Iwanttobuyafourthone.5、用在某些固定词组中alot(of)(许多，大量),afterawhile(过一会儿),havearest（休息）,havealook（瞧瞧）,haveagoodtime（过得开心）,takeashower（淋浴）,takeabreak（休息）,takeabath（洗澡）,getacold（患感冒）,getafever（发烧）,makealiving（谋生）,inamoment（过一会儿）定冠词1、特指某(些)人或某(些)物1.Theblueshirtismine2.Openthewindow,please.3.Ihaveacar.Thecarisred.2、指世界上独一无二的事物Whichisbigger,thesunortheearth?3、用在序数词，形容词最高级前Thefirstlessonistheeasiestoneinthisbook.4、用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前theUnitedStates,theUK5、用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人thepoor穷人,theblind盲人6、用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩”theGreens格林一家或格林夫妻俩7、用在方位词前ontheleft在左边，inthemiddleof在中间8、用在乐器名称前Sheplaysthepianoeveryday.她每天弹钢琴。9、用在表示海洋，河流，山脉，群岛及国家和党派等名词前theBlackSea黑海，theYangziRiver长江10、用在某些固定词组中allthesame仍然；allthetime一直；atthemoment此刻；atthesametime同时；bytheway顺便说；dotheshopping/washing买东西/洗衣服；inthemorning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上；intheopenair在户外，在野外零冠词1、在专有名词和不可数名词前Tian’anMenSquare天安门广场2、在星期，月份，季节，节日前特例：如果月份，季节等被一个限定性定语修饰时，则要加定冠词onSunday在周日，inMarch在三月，inspring在春天，onWomen’sDay在妇女节HejoinedtheArmyinthespringof1982.3、在学科名称，三餐饭和球类运动前1.Amongthesubjects,IlikeEnglishbest.2.Ihavelunchatschooleveryday.3.IplayfootballeveryThursdayafternoon.4、在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，学校等之前5、某些固定词组中不用冠词。(1)与by连用的交通工具名称前(2)名词词组(3)介词词组(4)go短语No.25MiddleSchool(1)bybus,bycar,bybike,bytrain,byair/plane,bysea/ship(但:takeabus，inaboat，onthebike)(2)dayandnight,hourafterhour,hereandthere(3)athome,insurprise,atnoon,onfoot,atnight,onduty,atwork,ontime,forexample,inclass,onshow,inbed(4)gohome,gotobed,gotoschool,gotowork,goshopping/swimming/boating/fishing用与不用冠词难点1.inhospital住院/inthehospital在医院里2.infrontof在……(外部的)前面/inthefrontof在……(内部的)前面3.takeplace发生/taketheplace(of)代替4.gotoschool上学/gototheschool到学校去5.nextyear明年/thenextyear第二年6.ateacherandwriter一位教师兼作家(一人)ateacherandawriter一位教师和一位作家(两人)1.（2022·上海中考真题）Theyoungmanoftengives________helpinghandtotheoldinhisneighbourhood.A.a B.an C.the D./2．（2020·上海中考真题）Kelly'scheesecakesweresoldoutwithinhalf________houratthenightmarket.A．a B．an C．the D．/3.（2019·上海中考真题）Benjaminhaslearnedthatitisnotpolitetomakefunofothers.A.a B.an C.the D./4.（2018·上海中考真题）Hurryup!Theconcertwillbeginin_________minute.A)a B)an C)the D)/5．（2017·上海中考真题）Christineissellingherhouse，buton______otherhandshedoesn'twanttomove．A．a B．an C．the D．/6.（2016·上海中考真题）Theteenagershad____________goodtimeinthesummercampintheirsisterschool.A.a B.an C.the D．/►考向二介词考点高频易混易错知识点梳理/归纳1.for与of1.It’stoohardformetofinishtheworkinonlyonehour.2.Thehouseisbigenoughfor10mentolivein.3.It’sverynice/kindofyoutodoso.2.介词有时会与它的宾语分离,而且宾语有时前置1.Hehasayoungerbrotherwhohemusttakegoodcareof.2.Whoareyoutalkingabout?=3.Doyouknowwhoourteacheristalkingwithoverthere?=4.Ifinallyfoundachairtositon.3.in、on与at1.Iusuallygetupat7：00inthemorning.2.HewasbornonthemorningofMay10th.3.Hisglassesarerightonhisnose.4.Heisatthecinemaatthemoment.4.after与in1.Hesaidthathewouldbehereafter6：00.2.MyfatherisingbackfromEnglandinaboutamonth.5.since与for3.UncleLihasworkedinthisfactorysince1970.4.UncleLihasworkedinthisfactoryforover40years.6.by、in与with1.Let’sgotothezoobytaxi.2.ItwaswrittenbyLaoShe.3.Pleasewritethatarticle(文章)inEnglish.4.Weseewithoureyesandwalkwithourfeet.7.about与on1.Theyareveryexcitedtalkingabouttheingfieldtrip.2.TomisgoingtogiveatalkonthehistoryofAmerica.8.across,over与through1.Justthenarat(鼠)ranacrosstheroad.2.Thereisabridgeovertheriver.3.Thevisitorswentthroughabiggateintoanotherpark.9.as与like1.Letmespeaktoyouasafather.2.Letmespeaktoyoulikeafather.10.bytheendof,attheendof,intheend,totheend1.Bytheendoflasttermwehadlearned16unitsofBookIII.2.Attheendoftheroadyoucanfindabigwhitehousewithbrownwindows.3.TheyleftforBeijingattheendoflastweek.4.Intheendhesucceededinthefinalexams.5.Weshouldgoonwiththeworktotheend.6.Followthisroadtotheendandyouwillseeapostoffice.11.foramoment、forthemoment、inamoment与atthemoment1.Pleasewaitforamoment.2.Let’sleavethingsastheyareforthemoment?3.I’llebackinamoment.4.Iamverybusyatthemoment.12.but1.Icoulddonothingbutwait.2.Theyhadnochoice(选择)buttofight.13.infrontof与inthefrontof1.Acarwasparkinginfrontofthehall.2.Inthefrontofthehallstoodabigdesk.14.except与besides1.EveryonewenttothePalaceMuseumexceptTom.2.BesidesChinesehealsostudiedmanyothersubjects.1.（2022·上海中考真题）WillAlicetakecharge_______theingpaintingexhibition?A.for B.with C.of D.from2．（2019·上海·中考真题）Frankheldhisbreaththewatertosearchforhisringintheswimmingpool.A．at B．by C．over D．under3．（2018·上海·中考真题）KarenandLilywillgotoRussiatowatchthe2018WorldCup______July.A．on B．in C．at D．of4．（2017·上海·中考真题）ShirleyisstillwaitingforherflighttoNewYorkCity__________theairport.A．at B．under C．on D．with5．（2016·上海·中考真题）Thelocalmunitycenterisopen____________MondaytoSaturday.A．in B．from C．for D．on6．（2015·上海·中考真题）Ilovethispicture______youbesidethemusicfountain.A．in B．of C．on D．at7．（2014·上海·中考真题）MoreandmorepeopleinShanghaichoosetogotowork__________underground.A．in B．with C．by D．for8．（2013·上海·中考真题）Wow!Tenstudentsinourclasswillcelebratetheirfourteenthbirthdays__________October!A．in B．on C．at D．to9．（2014·上海·中考真题）Studentsareencouragedtosharetheirlearningexperience__________theirclassmates.A．toB．in C．at D．with10．（2012·上海·中考真题）Youreallydon’thavetoworry________yourweight.Youlookjustright.A．for B．from C．with D．about►考向三数词考点高频易混易错知识点梳理/归纳1.序数词的拼写序数词缩写序数词缩写firstsecondthirdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthtentheleventhtwelfth1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th10th11th12thtwentiethtwentyfirstthirtieththirtyfifthfortiethfiftiethsixtiethseventietheightiethninetiethhundredth20th21st30th35th40th50th60th70th80th90th100th2.表示计量：即事物的长度、宽度、深度和高度，应采用基数词。Itis50metres/kilometers/mileslong(wide,deep,high).它有50米/千米/英里长（宽、深、高）。3.表示编号：编号的数字如果过小，可用序数词或基数词表示；如果数字较大，通常用基数词表示。1.Thetenthlesson=LessonTen

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2.Room405

第405号房

3.Page215

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4.No.14MiddleSchool

第14中学

5.TelephoneNO.5855806

：58558064.表示不确切的数字：基数词后面直接加上复数名词表示精确的数字，而基数词复数形式加上“of”表示不确切的数字。1.fivehundredstudents

500名学生

2.twothousandpeople

2000人

3.fivedozenpencils

5打铅笔

4.hundredsofstudents

几百名学生

5.millionsofworkers

成千上万的工人

6.scoresofchairs

几十张椅子5.表示年龄和岁数

1.Heisaboyof10yeasold.

=Heis10yeasold.

=Heis10(yearsofage).

=Heisatenyearoldboy.

2.Attheageoften,hebegantolearnEnglish.

3.Myfatherisinhisfifties.

我爸爸50多岁。6.表示年代：表示什么世纪，什么年代时，通常在数词后加s或’s，并在年代前加定冠词the,1.，读作：nineteeneighties.2.

Hisgrandfatherdiedinthe1970’s/1970s。

7.表示分数：分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子是one时，分母不必加s;分子大于one时，分母要加s.1.a(=one)third

三分之一

onefifth

五分之一

2.twothirds

三分之二

threefourths

四分之三

3.Twothirdsofthetreeswerecutdowntenyearsago.8.表示百分数：百分数的表达方式是：基数词+percent（单数形式）+of+名词。1.Thirtypercentofthestudentsinmyclassarefromcities.

2.About61percentofthesurfaceiscoveredbywater.

1.（2022·上海中考真题）Lilyisreadingthe_________storyinthebookaboutChinesehistory.（six）2．（2021·上海·中考真题）LilyandMaryhaveknowneachotherfor________years.(seventh)3．（2020·上海·中考真题）UncleAndytried_____differentjobs，andfinallychosetobealawyer．（tenth）4．（2019·上海·中考真题）Onthe______pageofthebook，thereisanencouragingstory.（eight）5.（2018·上海·中考真题）Look!The_______ladyfromtheleftinthephotoismyfavouriteteacher.(six)6．（2017·上海·中考真题）Myschoolisgoingtohaveanopendayonthe________ofnextmonth.（ten）7．（2016·上海·中考真题）Couldyoupassmethe________dictionaryfromtherightontheshelf?8．（2014·上海·中考真题）Themedicineshouldbetaken_______adayaftermeals,George.(two)9．（2015·上海·中考真题）Rosereceivedaletterfulloflovefromherparentsonher______birthday.A．sixteenB．sixteen’sC．sixteenth D．sixteenths10．（2012·上海·中考真题）Lastyear,IvisitedachemicalfactoryinBaise,thereareabout________workersinit.A．sixthousands B．sixthousand C．sixthousandsof D．sixthousandofA冠词1．（2023上·上海奉贤·九年级统考期中）Didyounoticetheboywhowastalkinghappilyon_______phoneoverthere?A．a B．an C．the D．/2．（2023上·上海浦东新·九年级校考期中）Daminis________fisherman.Heworkswithhiscormorantseveryday.A．an B．a C．the D．/3．（2023上·上海静安·九年级校考期中）Dannyoftenhelpshermotherlay________tablebeforedinner.A．a B．the C．an D．/4．（2023上·上海徐汇·九年级位育中学校考期中）TheGreekarmyplayed________trickontheTrojansandfinallywonthewar.A．a B．an C．/ D．the5．（2023上·上海普陀·九年级统考期中）Thiskindofmedicineisnotyetonthemarketfor________timebeing.A．a B．an C．/ D．the6．（2023上·上海杨浦·九年级统考期中）Whendoyouhavetobeat________airportforyourflighttoHarbintonight,Joe?A．a B．an C．the D．/7．（2023上·上海浦东新·九年级校联考期中）Itis________monknowledgethatputersaresupercalculators.A．a B．/ C．the D．an8．（2023上·上海黄浦·九年级统考期中）Pleasetakethepreciousvasetherewith________greatcare.Idon’twantittobebroken.A．a B．an C．the D．/9．（2023上·上海浦东新·九年级上海市实验学校校考期中）Itisacustomtoplay________trickonfriendsonAprilFools’Day.A．the B．/ C．a D．an10．（2023上·上海浦东新·九年级统考期中）_________importantpieceofinformationyou’vegivenus!A．What B．How C．Whata D．Whatan11．（2023上·上海浦东新·九年级统考期中）Youdon’tneedtowear_________uniformfortheinterview．A．a B．an C．／ D．the12．（2023·上海黄浦·统考三模）Iheardon________radiothattheweatherwasgoingtogetwarmer.A．a B．an C．the D．/13．（2023·上海杨浦·统考三模）Ithinkit’s________hardworkforMiketofinishthejobbyhimself.A．a B．an C．the D．/14．（2023·上海浦东新·统考三模）In________autumn,weoftengoforanoutingatweekends.A．the B．/ C．an D．a15．（2023·上海长宁·统考三模）________youngwomannextdoorenjoysherworkasanEnglishteacher.A．The B．A C．/ D．AnB介词1．（2023上·上海静安·九年级校考期中）TheYangtzeRiverBridgewasopentopublicservice_________October31,2009.A．in B．on C．at D．with2．（2023上·上海浦东新·九年级统考期中）Yournewdressisquitelovely________thecolor.A．beside B．besides C．except D．exceptfor3．（2023上·上海浦东新·九年级统考期中）Milliehasherpianolessons________Saturdayevenings.A．in B．on C．at D．by4．（2023上·上海浦东新·九年级校考期中）Nowadaysmanypeoplehaveboughtdifferentlifeinsurance________themselves.A．with B．in C．of D．for5．（2023上·上海浦东新·九年级校考期中）Isitquickertodrivearoundtheforest,orgostraight________it?A．across B．through C．over D．by6．（2023上·上海徐汇·九年级位育中学校考期中）________thenightofNewYear’sDay,wehadawonderfulmeal.A．In B．On C．At D．Of7．（2023上·上海普陀·九年级统考期中）____________myopinion,kidsshouldlearntodosomehousework.A．On B．In C．Of D．With8．（2023上·上海杨浦·九年级统考期中）Thedoctorcouldfindnothingwrong________him.A．about B．for C．with D．of9．（2023上·上海黄浦·九年级统考期中）Thedinnerwasperfect________theserviceoftherestaurant.Thewaiterwassoimpatient.A．except B．exceptfor C．besides D．but10．（2023·上海黄浦·统考三模）Thetrainerpraisedhisteam________theirwonderfulperformance.A．to B．by C．with D．for11．（2023·上海杨浦·统考三模）Thesmellisveryfamiliar________everyonewholivesnearabakery.A．to B．of C．with D．for12．（2023·上海浦东新·统考三模）Somedinosaurswereharmless—theylived_________grass.A．with B．at C．on D．by13．（2023·上海崇明·统考三模）Lillyisverystrictherstudentsandsheishighlyrespectedbythem.A．from B．with C．at D．for14．（2023·上海兰生复旦校考）MissLeepraisedus_________ourexcellentperformanceduringtheartshow.A．of B．for C．with D．to15．（2023·上海华育中学校考）Congratulations__________thesuccessofthestudentstopletethefinalexamination.A．to B．on C．of D．inC数词1．（2023·上海浦东新·统考三模）“Onemillionfourhundredandsixteen”canalsobewrittenas“_________”.A．1,004,016 B．100,416 C．1,000,416 D．1,000,4602．（2023·上海上宝中学单元测试）BeforeshewenttoEngland,shehadlearned________Englishwords.A．thousandsof B．threethousandsC．thousandof D．threethousandof3．（2022·上海奉贤·统考三模）OurEnglishteacherlooksyoung.It’shardtoimaginesheisalreadyinher______.A．forty B．fortieth C．fourteen D．forties4．（2022·上海虹口·三模）Jennyhasdrawn_________icstripsandsheisgoingtohavethempublishednextyear.A．hundreds B．hundred C．hundredof D．hundredsof5．（2022上·上海浦东新·九年级上海市进才中学北校校考期中）Itissaidthatseveral________studentsaregoingtohavetheListeningContestthisweekend.A．thousands B．thousand C．thousandof D．thousandsof6．（2022上·上海黄浦·九年级统考期中）Ithink________lessoni