阅读与练习7- 高三英语上学期一轮复习

ItisdeepwinterinAntarctica，thetimeofyearthatthecontinentissurroundedbymillionsofsquaremilesofthefrozenocean.Butthisyear，thereisalotlessseaicethaneverrecordedbefore.Itisbadnewsforpeoplearoundtheworld，becauseseaicehelpscontrolhowquicklytherestofAntarcticasicemelts，whichcontributestotheglobalsealevelrise.“It'sabigenoughdealtobealarmingtoclimatescientists，”saysTedScambos，whostudiesAntarcticaattheUniversityofColoradoBoulder.“We'veseenadeclineinseaicecoversinceabout2016，but2023tookahugejumpdownward.”ThemissingiceisaproblemforpeoplefarfromAntarctica.Whileseaicelossdoesn'tcontributedirectlytothesealevelrise—meltingseaicedoesn'taddanyextrawatertotheocean—Antarcticseaiceactslikeaprotectivecollararoundthecontinent.“Thoseiceshelvescontainalotoffrozenwater，andiftheybreakandbecomeapartoftheocean，that'sgoingtoraiseglobalsealevel，”saysMarilynRaphael，whostudiesAntarcticseaiceattheUniversityofCalifornia，LosAngeles.Scientistsareracingtofigureouthowmuchofthaticeislikelytomeltinthenexthundredyears，andtounderstandwhytheseaicebecamesmallersosuddenlythisyear.Theyarechallengingquestionstoanswer，becauseAntarcticaandtheoceansurroundingitareenormous，complexandremote.UnliketheArctic，wherehumanshavelivedforathousandyears，theAntarcticrequiresspecializedshipsandplanestovisit，andisbasicallyinaccessibleforhalftheyear.“Thisisaverysurprising，difficultsystemtoforecastandpredict，”saysScambos，whohasbeenstudyingAntarcticaformorethan30years.Onetheoryaboutwhytheseaiceissosmallthisyearisthatwarmoceanwaterfromotherpartsoftheplanethasstartedtomixwiththelayerofwateratthesurface，whereseaiceforms.ReadingCheck1.What'sTedScambosattitudetowardstheseaice'sbecomingsmaller？A.Positive.B.Neutral.C.Indifferent.D.Concerned.2.Whatdoweknowaboutseaiceloss？A.Itcontributesindirectlytothesealevelrise.B.Itonlyaffectspeoplelivingnearby.C.Itcancausecoastalflooding.D.Itwillbecomelessseriousinthenexthundredyears.3.Whyisitdifficulttofigureoutthecauseoftheseaice'sbecomingsmallerthisyear？A.Novehiclescangetthere.B.ItsnowsforhalfayearinAntarctica.C.VisitingAntarcticaisnotaneasyjob.D.ScientistsignoreAntarcticaforlong.4.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout？A.AwarninggivenbyascientiststudyingAntarctica.B.Areasonwhytheseaicebecomessosmall.C.Asuggestionputforwardbyafamousscientist.D.Amethodofdealingwithseaiceloss.Scientistsareracingtofigureouthowmuchofthaticeislikelytomeltinthenexthundredyears，andtounderstandwhytheseaicebecamesmallersosuddenlythisyear.科學家们正竞相计算出在未来一百年内有多少冰可能融化，并了解为什么今年海冰急剧减少。【点石成金】本句是一个主从复合句。howmuch引导宾语从句，作动词短语figureout的宾语；why引导宾语从句，作动词understand的宾语。Needtogetridofoldclothes？Yourenotalone：Withfastfashion，it'seasierthanevertobuyintotrends.Butcheapclothesarentmadetolastandthatexcessoftenendsupinalongchainofcarbonandlaborintensiveresellingandrecycling，ifnotdirectlyintoalandfill.Donatingisapopularalternative，butyoushouldalsoknowthatonlyabout10to20percentofdonatedclothinggetssoldatthriftshops.Decidingwheretodonatemakesabigdifferencenotonlytoyourenvironmentalfootprintbutalsotoyourcommunity.Whenyoudropoffclothesfordonation，theyarefirstsortedsothemostvaluablegarmentsaresoldonlineandinthriftshops.Thebestwaytoensureyourgood，usableclothingdoesn'tbecomewasteistoincreasethechancesthatitendsupwithsomeonewhowantsit.First，don'twaittoolongifyouchoosetodonateclothingtoanorganization，bigorsmall.Thesoonerfolksdonatetheirunwanteditems，themoredemandthereisforthem.Whereveryoudonate，ensureclothesarecleananddry.Ifit'sdamagedorstained，don'tsendittothriftshops.Theydon'thavethecapacitytodorepairsanditjustcreatesa

financialburdeninadditiontotheecoburden，anddefeatsthepurposeofthecharitableaction.Youcanalsodealdirectlywithpeoplelookingtouseyourclothes.Thiscouldbeinayardsale，yourlocalBuyNothingProject，oralocalonlinegiveawaygroup.Youcanalsosell，swap，orrentindividualpiecesonappslikeReSuitorVinted.Itcantaketimeandthere'sacarboncost：shippingisrequiredtogettothebuyer，ortothewarehousethentothebuyer.Clothesthatarestainedordamagedbeyondrepairwilllikelyneverberewornbutcanstillbedivertedfromlandfills.Youcansendyourclothesdirectlytorecyclingcompanies.Oldclothescanbedowncycledintostuffing，carpetpadding，andwipersforcarwashes，andevengeneratedintonewtextiles.ReadingCheck1.Howcanweefficientlyavoidclotheswaste？A.Byfindingthosewhoneedthem.B.Bydonatingthemtoorganizations.C.Byensuringthemtobecleananddry.D.Bychoosingsuitableappsforthem.2.What'sthesuitablewaytodealwiththedamagedclothes？A.Transportingthemtolandfills.B.Sendingthemtorecyclingcompanies.C.Repairingthembeforefindingbuyers.D.Donatingthemtothoseinneedofthem.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom？A.Apopularmagazine.B.Aresearchpaper.C.Anadvertisement.D.Atextbook.Thebestwaytoensureyourgood，usableclothingdoesn'tbecomewasteistoincreasethechancesthatitendsupwithsomeonewhowantsit.确保你的好的、可用的衣服不被浪费的最好方法是增加它最终被想要它的人拥有的机会。【点石成金】本句中，toensureyourgood，usableclothingdoesntbecomewaste為动词不定式作定语；toincreasethechancesthatitendsupwithsomeonewhowantsit为动词不定式作表语；thatitendsupwithsomeonewhowantsit为that引导的同位语从句；whowantsit为修饰someone的定语从句。RescuerspulledanAmericanresearcheroutofaTurkishcaveearlyTuesday，morethanaweekafterhebecameseriouslyill1000metersbelowitsentrance，officialssaid.TeamsfromacrossEuropehadrushedtotheMorcacaveinsouthernTürkiye;sTaurusMountainstoaidMarkDickey，a40yearoldexperiencedcaverwhobecameseriouslyillwithstomachbleeding.Dickey，whoisfromCrotononHudson，NewYork，isawellknowncaveresearcherandacaverescuerhimselfwhohadparticipatedinmanyinternationalexpeditions.Heandseveralotherpeoplewereonanexpeditiontomapthe1276meterdeepMorcacavesystem.DickeybecameillonSept.2，butdidntnotifypeopleabovegrounduntilthenextmorning.HewasfirsttreatedinsidethecavebyaHungariandoctorwhowentdownthecaveonSept.3.Teamscomprisedofadoctorandthreetofourotherrescuerstookturnscaringforhim.Thecauseofhisillnesswasnotclear.TherescuebeganonSaturdayafterdoctors，whoadministeredIVfluidsandblood，determinedthatDickeycouldmakethedifficultascent.Hewastoofrailtoclimbouthimself，sorescuerscarriedhimwiththehelpofastretcher（担架），makingfrequentstopsattemporarycampssetupalongthewaybeforehefinallyreachedthesurfaceearly

Tuesday.ThebiggestchallengesfortherescuersgettingDickeyoutofthecavewerethesteepverticalsectionsandnavigatingthroughmudandwateratlowtemperaturesinthehorizontalsections.Beforetheevacuation（撤离）couldbegin，rescuersfirsthadtowidensomeofthecave'snarrowpassages，installropestopullhimupthroughverticalshaftsonastretcherandsetuptemporarycampsalongtheway.Lyingonthestretcher，Dickeysaiditwasamazingtobeabovegroundagain，andthankedtheTurkishgovernmentforsavinghislifewithitsrapidresponse.HealsothankedtheinternationalcavingcommunityandTurkishcavers，amongothers.ReadingCheck1.WhydidteamsfromacrossEuroperushtotheMorcacave？A.TohelpDickeyclimboutofacave.B.ToaidDickeytoexplorethecave.C.TocureDickeyofstomachbleed