山东省济宁市2024届高三下学期三模试题 英语 含答案

济宁市2024年高考模拟考试英语试题2024.05注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A&JulietMusicalonBroadwayShe’sstrongerthanyesterday!Followingasuccessfulthree-yearruninLondon’sWestEnd,thepopmusicalJulietisnowonBroadwaywithnineTonyAwardnominations,includingBestMusical.Whatis&Julietabout?ItkicksoffnearlywhereRomeo&Julietleftoff:rightbeforeJuliet’sdeath.Thisisn’taretellingofShakespeare’stragedy,though.It’sawholenewstoryinwhichJulietdecideslosingRomeodoesn’tmeansheshoulddie.Instead,shegoesonajourneyofself-discoverytoParis.Accompaniedbyherfriends,includingsomecharactersfromtheoriginalplay,likethenurse,aswellasnewcharacters,likeherfriendsFrancoisandMay,shegoestoparties,makesnewfriends,andseeswhattheworldhastoofferbeyondthewallsofVerona.Whatsongsarein&Juliet?Youmaylistentotop40radio,butyou’veneverheardyourfavoritesongslikethis.&Juliethasonenewsong,buttheshowmostlyincludesexistingpopularmusic.All30popsongsin&Julietwerewrittenorco-writtenbyMaxMartin,who’sbehindthehitsofstarslikeBritneySpears,KatyPerry,andTheBackstreetBoys.Anyonewhogrewupwith,orjustknowsallthewordsto,hitsfromthe90sthroughtodaywillrelivetheirteenagedreamsatthisshow.Moreinformationabout&JulietSincehavingitsworldpremiere(首映)in2019inLondon’sWestEnd,&JulietmadeitsNorthAmericandebutinTorontoandalsoitsAustralianpremiereinMelbourneinFebruary2023.Pickyourtickets1.WhathappenstoJulietinthemusical?A.ShefollowsRomeo’sfootsteps. B.Shestartsanewchapter.C.ShereturnstoVerona. D.Shetravelsglobally.2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthesongsinthemusical?A.Theyfeatureclassicalstyles. B.Theyreflectteenagedreams.C.Theyareoriginallycomposed. D.Theyarecreatedbyamaster.3.Onwhichdayareticketsstillavailable?A.May7. B.May20. C.May26. D.May30.BJamesRaineyreadstreeslikemostpeoplereadsignposts.Theseniorecologistisusingasmallhandcameratoidentifyalichen(地衣)thatissurroundingthebaseofwildpines(松树)inadeepnarrowvalleyonthewestcoastofScotland.HeislookingforecologicalcluesofspeciesassociatedwiththeancientCaledonianForest,whichoncecoveredmostoftheHighlands.WildpineshavebeengrowinginScotlandcontinuouslysincetheiceage,offeringagloballyuniqueecosystemsupportingrarewildlife.Butnowlessthan2%oftheoriginalgrowthsurvives,withjust14individualCaledonianpinewoodsitesnowofficiallyrecognized.“Tomeetthedemandformorewood,manywildpinesinHighlandshavebeenremovedtomakeroomforcommercialforestry,”saysRainey.“Thiswasoftendoneinancientwoodlandsandwasreallydamagingtotheremainingtrees.”Butrestorationisstillpossible,especiallysincesomeoldtreesstillsurvivealongwiththeancientwoodlandsoilandseedbank—seedsstoredinthesoil,whichcangrowoncetheheavyshadeofcommercialconifers(针叶树)isremoved.Theecologicalinvestigatorusesthreecluesofevidencetodiscoverwherethesepinewoodsfirststood.“Firstthere’sthehistoricalevidence,likeoldmapsandtexts.Thencomesthelandscapecontext:isthepineassociatedwithplantingaroundabighouse,oristhesettingmorenatural?AndfinallyIusetheecologicalevidence:wildpineusuallygrowalongsideoldbirchtrees,whichindicatesecologicalcontinuity,”explainsRainey.Raineyhasidentified23pinesinthisarea,allrootedinplacesleastaccessible.Theirneedleshavebeentakenforgenetictestingtoconfirmtheirfamilytrees.“Thiswouldhavebeenfilledwithtreesbutisnowempty—thesearethemostcriticalareasinneedofregenerationandwewantthewholeoftheancientwoodlandstorecover,notjustthepines,”hesaid.4.Whyarethewildpinesconsideredtobesosignificant?A.Theyactasasignpostforthehighland.B.Theyareanindicatorofanancientforest.C.Theyareanalternativetocommercialforestry.D.Theyprovideashelterforcertainspeciesoflichen.5.Whatisessentialfortherestorationofancientpinewoods?A.Theexistenceofancientseeds.B.Thepresenceofcommercialconifers.C.Theawarenessoftheforestprotection.D.Theapplicationoftheadvancedtechnology.6.HowdoesRaineydeterminetheoriginallocationofthepinewoods?A.Bylocatingbighouses. B.Byconsultinghistorians.C.Byreferringtodigitalmaps. D.Bymakingthemostofsurroundings.7.WhatistheultimateRainey’sgoal?A.Toconfirmthegenesofthepine. B.Torestoretheold-growthwoodlands.C.Toexploretheunfrequentedplaces. D.Toenrichthediversityofthewildpines.CAnewdatacrowdsourcingplatform,aninitiativeledbyDr.IoannaSitaridouatCambridgeUniversity,whohasbeenstudyingRomeykaforthelast16years,aimstopreservethesoundofRomeyka,anendangeredmillennia-oldvarietyofGreek.Expertsconsiderthelanguagetobealinguistic(语言的)goldmineandalivingbridgetotheancientworld.Romeyka,whichdoesnothaveawritingsystemandhasbeentransmittedonlyinspokenform,isthoughttohaveonlyacoupleofthousandnativespeakersleftinTurkey’sTrabzonregion.ExtensivecontactwithTurkish,theabsenceofsupportsystemstofacilitateintergenerationaltransmission,andmigrationhavealltakentheirtollonRomeyka.AlargemajorityofnativespeakersinTrabzonareover65yearsofageandfeweryoungpeoplearelearningthelanguage.ThenewlylaunchedCrowdsourcingRomeykaplatforminvitesmembersofthepublicfromanywhereintheworldtouploadaudiorecordingsofRomeykabeingspoken.“Speechcrowdsourcingisanewtoolwhichhelpsspeakersbuildadatabaseofspokenmaterialsfortheirendangeredlanguages,allowsresearcherstodocumenttheselanguages,andmotivatesspeakerstoappreciatetheirownlinguisticheritage(遗产).Atthesametime,bypreservingtheirlanguage,itcanhelpspeakersachieveacknowledgementoftheiridentityfrompeopleoutsideoftheirspeechcommunity,”saidDr.Sitaridou.TheinnovativetoolisdesignedbyaHarvardundergraduateinComputerScience,MrMatthewNazari,himselfaheritagespeakerofRomeyka.Togethertheyhopethatthisnewtoolwillpavethewayfortheproductionoflanguagematerialsinanaturalisticlearningenvironmentawayfromtheclassroom,butbasedinsteadaroundeverydayuseandcommunity.Byengagingwithlocalcommunities,particularlyfemalespeakers,Sitaridouhasgatheredthelargestcollectionofaudioandvideodatainexistenceandamountingtomorethan29GBofsourceddata,andhasauthored21peer-reviewedpublications.AYouTubefilmaboutSitaridou’sfieldworkhasreceived723,000viewsto-date.8.WhyisitnecessarytopreserveRomeyka?A.ItisavarietyofGreek. B.Ithasauniquewritingsystem.C.Itcangeneratecommercialvalue. D.Itcanstrengthenthebondwiththepast.9.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase“takentheirtollon”inparagraph2?A.Hadanegativeinfluenceon. B.Takenfulladvantageof.C.Playedaleadingrolein. D.Thrownnewlighton.10.Whatdoesparagraph3wanttostressabouttheplatform?A.Itsprospect. B.Itsoriginality. C.Itssignificance. D.Itslimitation.11.WhichcanbestdescribeDr.Sitaridou’swork?A.Conventional. B.Eventful. C.Fruitful. D.Debatable.DHaveyoueverfoundyourselfhavingintrusive(侵扰的)thoughtsaboutsomethingyouhaven’tfinished?Maybeahalf-doneworkprojectiskeepingyouupatnightorthesuspensefulplotofanovelyou’rereadingkeepscirclingyourthoughts.Thereisareasonwhyit’ssohardtostopthinkingaboutuncompletedandinterruptedtasks,andpsychologistscalledittheZeigarnikeffect(Z-effect).TheZiegarnikeffectwasfirstobservedbyaRussianpsychologistnamedBlumaZeigarnik.WhilesittinginabusyrestaurantinVienna,Ziegarniknotedthatthewaitershadbettermemoriesofunpaidorders.Oncethebillwaspaid,however,thewaitershadtroublerememberingtheexactdetailsoftheorders.Zeigarnikdidaseriesofexperiments,inwhichparticipantswereaskedtocompletesimpletaskssuchasputtingtogetherpuzzles,orsolvingmathproblems.Halfoftheparticipantswereinterruptedpartwaythroughdoingthesetasks.Afteranhour-longwait,Zeigarnikaskedtheparticipantstodescribewhattheyhadbeenworkingon.Shediscoveredthatthepeoplewhohadbeeninterruptedintheirworkweretwiceaslikelytorememberwhattheyhadbeendoingasthepeoplewhohadbeenabletocompletethetasks.Wearelivinginaninformationexplosionera,andweneedmentaltrickstohelpusrememberagreatdealofinformation.TheZeigarnikeffectservesasaprimeexample.Weholdontoinformationintheshorttermbyconstantlypullingitbackintoourawareness.Bythinkingofuncompletedtasksoften,we’remorelikelytokeeprememberingthemuntiltheygetdone.TheZeigarnikeffecttellsusalotabouthowmemoryworksandyoucanusetheZeigarnikeffecttoyouradvantage.Ifyouarestrugglingtomemorizesomethingimportant,momentaryinterruptionsmightworktoyouradvantage.Ratherthansimplyrepeatingtheinformation,reviewitafewtimes,andthentakeabreak.Nevertheless,leavingtoomanytasksunfinishedcanleadtofeelingsofoverwhelmandanxiety.Therefore,it’scrucialtousethiseffectwiselyinpracticalapplications.12.WhatisthetypicalcharacteristicoftheZ-effect?A.Tendingtomemorizeunfinishedtasks.B.Tryingtofinishvarioustasksatatime.C.Performingterriblyduringatask.D.Suspendinganuncompletedtask.13.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph3?A.Toclassifyaconcept.B.Toprovidefurtherevidence.C.Tostresstheexperiment’scomplexity.D.Toaddsomebackgroundinformation.14.WhichisapracticalapplicationoftheZ-effect?A.Readingawholestoryinonebreath.B.Producingadramawithunexpectedendings.C.Keepingseveralwindowsopenonyourcomputer.D.AiringadsduringthesuspensefulmomentsinaTVseries.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheZ-Effect:HowInterruptionsEnhanceMemoryB.TheZ-Effect:HowtoBoostRecallofFinishedTasksC.ThePowerofCompletingTasksAheadofScheduleD.TheTricksofDevelopingLong-termMemory第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Fromdelaystostrikes,trainsaren’talwaysthesmoothestwaytotravel.16Justafewmonthsago,theywentuponaverageby4.9%inEngland.Fortunately,therearewaystobringdownthecostofyourticket.Firstup,thinkabouthowyoubookyourtickets.Somethirdpartysiteswillchargeyouformostbookings.17Someofficialbookingsitesandappshaveloyaltyprograms,suchasLNERwhichoffers2%backonjourneysonitsroutes.UberalsosellstrainticketsanduntiltheendofJuneitoffers10%backincredits.18Withmostrailoperators,theearlieryoubookyourticket,thecheaperit’sgoingtobe.You’llusuallybeabletopickupadvancefares12weeksbeforeyoutravel,andpricesgraduallyrisethecloseryougettoyourdeparturedate.Somerouteswillhaveadvancepricesupuntilthedaybeforeandevenontheday.Asplitticketshouldn’twork,butitcan.Don’tbuyadirectticketfromAtoB.19Atitsmostbasic,you’llgofromAtoC,thenfromCtoB,thoughitcouldeasilybealongerchain.Itworksbestonlongjourneys.Ifyou’reregularlytravellingonthesameroutemostdays,thenaseasonticketwillsaveyoumoney.Ofcoursethatwillinvolvealargerupfrontcost,soit’sworthseeingifyoucangetaninterest-freeloanfromyouremployerforthiswhichyou’llpaybackviayoursalary.20Justmakesurewiththelatterthatyoupayatleasttheminimumamounteachmonthandthatyouclearthefullbalancebeforetheyearisout.A.They’realsonotthatcheap.B.Bookinginadvancealsohelps.C.Theyarenotasfastandconvenientasplanes,either.D.However,withcarefulcalculations,youhavealottogain.E.Instead,buymultipleticketsthatbreakthejourneyup,andpayless.F.Butifinsteadyougodirectwitharailcompany,youcanavoidthis.G.Ifnot,youcantryazero-percentinterestpurchasecreditcardwhichwilldothesamething.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。NancyBeimanwas65.Whenshewasconsideringretirementfromherjobasaprofessorofanimation,shehadno21howshewouldfillherdays.22this,shewokeuponedaywiththeideaforacomicstrip(连环画).Beimanhadbeendoingheranimationmostlyoncomputersbutforthisnewidea,she23todrawingcharactersonpaper.The24wasFurBabies,aseriesaboutamixedfamilyofdogs,acatandachildwhocanallspeakthesamelanguage.Beimanwasn’tplanningon25withtheideauntilsheshowedthemtoherfriend,thecartoonistLynnJohnston,whothought26ofthedrawingsandgaveheradviceonhowtodeveloplittlescripts(脚本).Obviously,asaprofessionalanimator,Beimanwasno27toworkingwithlarger-than-lifecharacters.Evenso,shesaysthe28fromanimationtocomicswasn’taseasyasitsounds.“Comicstripsareaboutillustratingverbalhumourwhileanimation29movingimagesanddoesnotdependondialogue.”Followingherfriend’s30,shewrote24mini-scripts.Afewmonthslater,she31themtothewebsiteGoComicsandsuccessfullygot32.One33ofmovingintocomics,Beimanbelieves,isthatitofferssomeprotectionfrom“incrediblyageist”animationstudioswhich34todevelopstoriesfromyoungerpeople.35,evenat90youcanstilldocomics.Thegreatthingis,ifyoucankeepdrawing,youcankeepgoing.21.A.clue B.option C.luck D.prediction22.A.Dreamingof B.Insistingon C.Puzzlingover D.Missingout23.A.referred B.returned C.objected D.admitted24.A.concept B.result C.phenomenon D.proof25.A.agreeing B.experimenting C.interacting D.continuing26.A.highly B.lightly C.logically D.curiously27.A.joker B.cheater C.stranger D.talker28.A.escape B.separation C.exchange D.switch29.A.involves B.avoids C.risks D.resists30.A.example B.guidance C.heart D.passion31.A.gifted B.saved C.distributed D.submitted32.A.refused B.inspired C.signed D.promoted33.A.challenge B.upside C.honor D.possibility34.A.promise B.tend C.proceed D.fail35.A.Moreover B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.However第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。MyThrillingGetawayToescapethehustleandbustleofLondon,myfamilybegan36remarkablestaycationtoexploreunfamiliarshoresofPlymouthinSouthDevon.Afterascenicdrivethatleftusinawe,wefound37(our)standingonMountBattenbeach.Thevisionbeforeuswasbreathtaking—rockypoolsandroughsand,allsurroundedbygreenhills.Walkingalongthecharmingpathway,weimmersed(沉浸)ourselvesintheexpansiveoceanviewsandthedynamicatmosphere.Thatevening,warmthfillingtheair,wegatheredaroundacracklingbonfire,sharing38(heart)laughterwithfellowbeachgoers.EagertoexploremoreofPlymouth’scharm,wesetoutforWestHoeParkthenextday,39providedaspaciousplayareaforchildren,equippedwithplentiful40(delight).Ourchildrenweretotallyattractedandwehadahardtime41(tear)themaway.Afterwards,wewalked42(leisure)alongHoePromenadetowardsHoePark.Despitethecrowds,weenjoyedapeacefulwalk,greatly43(enhance)bytheiconicSmeaton’sTowerlighthouse.Undoubtedly,thehighlightofourjourneywasBovisandBeach.Ourchildrenwereintheirelement,buildingsandcastlesandplayinginthewater,relaxed44joyous.Plymouth45(cast)itsspellonusandleftuswithmemoriesthatwouldstaywithusforalifetime.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）4月22日为世界地球日。你在某国际网站上看到下面两张图片。请你用英语在留言板上发一个帖子,内容包括：1.图片简介；2.个人感想。EarthDay注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Centeringmyselfontheiceoftheskatingrink(溜冰场),Ipreparedformyskatingperformance.Aconfidentsmilespreadacrossmyface.ThiswasthedayI’dperformmybestskatinginayear,attemptingachallengingjumpknownastheaxel(前外一周半跳).MyfriendCalebyelledfromthestands,“Youcandoit,Harper!”Myotherfriendscrossedtheirfingers.Mydadalsoshouted,“Youlookbeautiful!”Asthemusicstarted,Iwasfullyprepared.Withagracefulcircle,spins,andabroadsmile,Ibeganmyperformance.EverythingprogressedsmoothlyuntilIreachedthecrucialaxeljump.AsIpreparedtojump,suddenlyamixofexcitementandnervesfilledme.Tobefrank,IcoulddoitwhenIpracticedoff-ice,butI’donlylandediton-iceseveraltimesinmyentirelife.Mycoachhadstrategicallyplaceditatthestartofmyroutinetoensuremylegswereattheirpeakforthisdemandingmove.Itooktheleap,butperformedadistinctjump.Itwasamerehalf-circle,fallingshortoftheaxel’soneandahalf.Iheardmyfriendssighandsawmycoachraiseaneyebrow.Determined,Iattemptedtheaxelagain,butfailed.Irepeatedlytriedandfailed,spendingsomuchtimeontheice.Whenmyroutineended,mydresswaswetandIwasfarbehindthebeat.Thesilencewas