Unit3（知识清单）-2024-2025学年英语五年级上册单元速记巧练（人教PEP版）

Unit3Whatwouldyoulike?知识归纳知识归纳语音字母组合ow在单词中的发音：发/aʊ/音,如:cow,flower,wow,down。发/əʊ/音,如:slow,snow,yellow,window。必记单词四会sandwich三明治 salad蔬菜沙拉；混合沙拉 hamburger汉堡包tea茶;茶水 fresh新鲜的;刚摘的 healthy健康的delicious美味的;可口的 hot辣的；辛辣的 sweet含糖的;甜的三会drink喝;饮 thirsty渴的;口渴的 favourite特别喜爱的food食物 Dear(用于信函抬头的名字或头衔前)亲爱的onion洋葱;葱头常考短语beefnoodles牛肉面 orangejuice橙汁 favouritefood最喜欢的食物fishsandwiches鱼肉三明治 noproblem没问题 becareful小心tomatosoup西红柿汤 cleanthevegetables清洗蔬菜 looknice看上去不错atthefarm在农场 icecream冰激凌必会句型1.询问对方想要吃或喝什么的句型及答语：—Whatwouldyouliketoeat/drink?—I'dlike+食物/饮品.—Whatwouldyouliketoeat?你想吃什么?—Asandwich,please.请给我一个三明治。—Whatwouldyouliketodrink?你想喝什么?—I'dlikesomewater.我想喝点水。2.询问对方最喜欢什么东西的句型及答语：—What'syourfavourite+名词?—名词./Myfavourite+名词+is/are.../...is/aremyfavourite.../Ilike...best.—What'syourfavouritefood?你最喜欢的食物是什么?—Noodles./Myfavouritefoodischicken.面条。/我最喜欢的食物是鸡肉。3.描述食物味道的句型：主语+is/are+描述食物味道的形容词.They'redelicious.它们很好吃。核心语法1.可数名词变复数的规则：一般可数名词变复数时，在词尾加s或es。noodle→noodles,box→boxes,potato→potatoes,sandwich→sandwiches2.some和any的用法:some用于肯定句,any用于否定句和一般疑问句。I'dlikesomemilk.我想要一些牛奶。Doyouhaveanypens?你有钢笔吗?3.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词引导，一般用来询问具体情况。What'syourfavouritedrink?你最喜欢的饮料是什么?Wheredoyouplayfootball?你在哪里踢足球?考点速记考点速记[考点1]可数名词变复数规则II’dlikesomenoodles.我想要一些面条。Asandwich,please.请给我一个三明治。可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事物时，用单数形式；指两个或多个人或事物时，用复数形式。(一)名词单数变复数的规则变化1.一般在名词词尾加“s”(清辅音后读/s/，浊辅音和元音后读/z/)。例:map→maps地图 bird→birds鸟2.以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加“es”(读/iz/)。例:box→boxes盒子 class→classes班级 watch→watches手表 dish→dishes盘子3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,要先将y改为i再加“es”。例:city→cities城市 body→bodies身体以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词直接加“s”。例:monkey→monkeys猴子 holiday→holidays假期4.以f或fe结尾的名词,要将f或fe改为v,再加“es”。例:half→halves一半 knife→knives刀5.以“辅音字母+o”结尾的名词，有生命力的加“es”；无生命力的加“s”。例:potato→potatoes土豆(有生命力) photo→photos照片(无生命力)以“元音字母+o”结尾的名词后面加“s”。例:radio→radios收音机 zoo→zoos动物园(二)名词单数变复数的不规则变化1.child→children孩子 foot→feet脚 man→men男人 woman→women女人 tooth→teeth牙齿2.单复数同形的名词例:sheep绵羊fish鱼(几条鱼复数为fish,几种鱼为fishes。)3.集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数含义。例:people人 police警察提分练一、单项选择。()1.Icanseethree________inthezoo.A.monkeys B.monkeies C.monkey()2.Themonsterhasfour________.A.foot B.feet C.foots()3.Mytwobrothersare________.A.policeman B.policemans C.policemen()4.Icanseeten________inthepicture.A.sheep B.dog C.pig()5.The________hasthree________.A.boys;watches B.boy;watch C.boy;watches提分练二、选词并用其适当形式填空，补全短文。(每词限用一次)photohamburgertomatonoodlesaladeandhavelunchwithus.First,letmetakesome1.________ofthefood.IwillsendthemtomyWeChatMoments(朋友圈).Look,Ihavebeef2.________.Theyaredelicious.Diandianhasahamburger.3.________arehisfavouritefood.Huahuahassome4.________.It'shealthy.Wealsohavesome5.________.Theyaresofresh.Doyouwanttoe?[考点2]some与any的用法II’dlikesomewater.我想要一些水。I’dlikesomenoodles.我想要一些面条。some与any的用法及区别some和any作为限定词或代词，可以用来说明或代替复数名词或不可数名词，表示不定量，意为“一些”。其区别是：some一般用在肯定句中，any一般用在否定句和一般疑问句中。如：Ihavesomenewbooks.我有一些新书。Doyouhaveanytomatoes?你有西红柿吗?Wedon'thaveanyeggs.Let'sbuysome.我们没有鸡蛋了。我们买一些吧。当说话人有请求或建议语气并想得到对方的肯定回答时，some可用在一般疑问句中。如：Wouldyoulikesomejuice?你想要来点果汁吗?CanIhavesomeicecream?我可以吃一些冰激凌吗?any修饰或指代名词，表示“任何一个”，用在肯定句中。如：Anystudentcanplaypingpongwithme.任何学生都可以和我打乒乓球。提分练一、用some或any填空。1.Icansee________birdsinthetree.2.Thereisn't________waterinmybottle.Pleasegiveme________.3.—Arethere________boysinthepark?—No,butthereare________girlsinit.4.—WhichonecanItake?—Youmaytake________oneofthem.5.—Wouldyoulike________juice?—No.I'dlike________tea.6.Ididn'teat________meat.7.—CanIgotoDisneylandagain?—Sure.Youcangoat________time.8.—Doyouhave________storybooks?—No,Idon'thave________.ButIhave________sciencebooks.9.Ihavemanypencils.________arered.________aregreen.10.—MayIaskyou________questions,MissDe?—Sure.11.Ihave________newpens,butmybrotherdoesn'thave________.提分练二、按要求完成句子。1.Huahuawouldlikesomehamburgers.(改为一般疑问句)________________________________________________________2.Thereisatomatoonthetable.(改为复数句)________________________________________________________3.Ihavesomebeefnoodles.(改为否定句)________________________________________________________4.Doyouwanttobuyanyicecream?(改为肯定句)________________________________________________________5.Whatwouldyoulikefordinner?(用somerice写完整答语)________________________________________________________6.Whatwouldyouliketodrink?(根据实际情况回答问题)________________________________________________________[考点3]特殊疑问句Whatwouldyouliketoeat?Whatwouldyouliketoeat?你想吃什么？Whatwouldyouliketodrink?你想喝什么？一、特殊疑问句的用法特殊疑问句通常用来询问具体情况，如某人做了什么事、事情发生在什么时间或地点等。特殊疑问句常由what(什么),who(谁),whose(谁的),which(哪个),when(何时),why(为什么),where(哪里),how(怎样;如何),howmany/much(多少),howold(多大)等疑问词或疑问词组引导,如:What'syourfavouritefood?你最喜欢的食物是什么?二、特殊疑问句的句型结构当提问句子的主语或主语的修饰词时，用陈述句语序。如：Wholikesmaths?谁喜欢数学?Whosedressispurple?谁的裙子是紫色的?当提问句子的其他成分时，它的句型结构一般为“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?”。如：Whereareyoufrom?你来自哪里?Whatcolourdoyoulike?你喜欢什么颜色?三、特殊疑问句的答语特殊疑问句根据具体问题来回答。如：—Whoishe?他是谁?—He'smyfather.他是我的父亲。四、常见的疑问词或疑问词组及用法疑问词(组)用法示例what(什么)对事物或职业提问Whatisthat?那是什么?Whatdoesyourfatherdo?你的爸爸是做什么的?who(谁)对“人”提问Whoisthatgirl?那个女孩是谁?whose(谁的)对物品归属进行提问Whosebookisthis?这是谁的书?which(哪个)既可以对人提问，也可以对物提问Whichgirlisyoursister?哪个女孩是你的姐姐?Whichseasondoyoulikebest?你最喜欢哪个季节?when(何时)对时间提问。对具体时刻提问也可用whattime—When/Whattimedoyougotoschool?你什么时候去上学?—A+7:00.在七点。why(为什么)对原因提问Whydoyoulikesummer?你为什么喜欢夏天?where(哪里)对地点提问Whereareyounow?你现在在哪里?how(怎样；如何)对状态、程度、方式等提问Howareyou?你身体如何?howmany/much(多少)howmany用于提问可数名词的数量;howmuch用于提问不可数名词的数量，还可用于提问价格Howmanysandwicheswouldyoulike?你想要几个三明治?Howmuchsaladdoyouwant?你想要多少沙拉?Howmuchisthefish?鱼多少钱?提分练一、用合适的疑问词填空，补全对话。1.—________doyouhaveonFriday?—WehaveChineseandEnglish.2.—________doyouhavebreakfast?—At7:00.3.—________isyourmother?—Sheisverywell.4.—________areyoufrom?—We'refromChina.5.—________isthetallgirl?—Sheismysister.提分练二、单项选择。()1.—Whatarethose?—________A.They'remine. B.Theyarepencilboxes. C.Theyareblue.()2.—________arethepants?—They're98yuan.A.Howmuch B.Howmany C.Howold()3.—Whatisyourfatherlike? —________A.Helikesbooks. B.Heisadriver. C.Heiskind.()4.—________ricedoyouhave?—Twobags.A.How B.Howmany C.Howmuch()5.—________doyoulikeautumn?—BecauseIliketheredleavesinautumn.A.When B.What C.Why提分练三、连词成句。1.is,the,winter,weather,how,in(?)________________________________________________________2.many,how,garden,are,in,there,flowers,the(?)________________________________________________________3.do,often,on,what,you,the,do,weekend(?)________________________________________________________4.which,does,eat,hamburger,to,want,he(?)________________________________________________________5.favourite,what's,book,your(?)________________________________________________________提分练A.IlikeitA.Ilikeitverymuch.B.MyfavouritesubjectisEnglish.C.Shegoestobedat9:00.D.It'sLucy's.E.Acupofjuice,please.()1.Whatwouldyouliketodrink?()2.Howdoyoulikethesoup?()3.Whosebookisthis?()4.Whendoesyoursistergotobed?()5.Whichsubjectisyourfavourite?提分练五、对画线部分提问。1.Theyaresittingonthegrass.________________________________________________________2.IwatchTVintheafternoon.________________________________________________________3.IgoswimmingonSaturday.________________________________________________________4.IrideabikeonSunday.________________________________________________________5.Diandianhasfourclassesinthemorning.________________________________________________________提分练六、根据实际情况回答问题。1.Howoldisyourmother?________________________________________________________2.Whichseasondoyoulikebest?________________________________________________________3.Whoisyourfavouriteteacher?________________________________________________________4.Whendoyougotoschool?________________________________________________________5.Whatdoyouliketodointheevening?________________________________________________________参考答案(1)可数名词变复数规则一、1.A解析：monkey的复数形式是monkeys。2.B解析：foot的复数形式是feet。3.C解析：policeman的复数形式是policemen。4.A解析：ten意为“十”,后面要跟可数名词的复数形式。sheep单复数同形，故选A。5.C解析：谓语动词是has，主语为第三人称单数形式。three意为“三”，后面要跟可数名词的复数形式,watch的复数形式是watches。二、1.photos解析：根据下一句中的“sendthemtomyWeChatMoments.”,可知此处选择photo;some后需用其复数形式photos。2.noodles解析：根据下一句“Theyaredelicious.”可知此处填复数形式；又因前面的beef，可知用noodles。3.Hamburgers解析：根据前一句“Diandianhasahamburger.”可知,此处选择hamburger;又因are与名词复数形式连用，此空位于句子的开头,故答案为Hamburgers。4.salad解析：根据“It’shealthy.”可知,此处在some后应为不可数名词,故选salad。5.tomatoes解析：用排除法及后面的fresh可知此处选tomato，some后面跟可数名词复数形式，故填tomatoes。(2)some与any的用法一、1.some解析：该句子为肯定句,且birds是可数名词的复数形式，故填some。2.any;some解析：前一句为否定句,用any。后一句为肯定句,且省略了water,water是不可数名词,前面用some。3.any;some解析：一般疑问句中用any,肯定句中用some。4.any解析：anyoneofthem意为“它们中的任何一个”。5.some;some解析：“Wouldyoulike…?”属于提出委婉的请求，想得到肯定答复，故用some。tea是不可数名词,前面用some。6.any解析：否定句中用any。7.any解析：“atanytime”表示“在任何时间”。8.any;any;some9.Some;Some10.some解析：当说话人有请求或建议语气并想得