Unit6课时3Grammar（学生版）九年级英语全一册讲义（人教版）

Unit6Whenwasitinvented？目标导航目标导航Grammar一般过去时被动语态知识精讲知识精讲知识点01概念及句型概念:表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，主语是动作的承受者。

【句型剖析】1.肯定句:主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词+其他。

Hewaschosentoworkforthevillage.他被选上为这个村庄工作。

【即学即练】Tocelebratethe100thbirthdayofthemunistPartyofChina,aspeechpetition________inourschoolonJuly23rd,2021.A．holds B．held C．isheld D．washeld2.否定句:主语+was/were+not+及物动词的过去分词十其他。

Hewasn'tchosentoworkforthevillage.他没有被选上为这个村庄工作。

【即学即练】—DidJacketoyourbirthdaypartyyesterday?—No,he________.A．hasn’tinvited B．didn’tinviteC．isn’tinvited D．wasn’tinvited3.一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词+其他?

肯定回答:Yes,主语+was/were.

否定回答:No,主语+was/were+not.

—Washechosentoworkforthevillage?他被选上为这个村庄工作了吗?

—Yes,hewas./No,hewasn't.是的,他被选上了。/不,他没被选上。

【即学即练】—___________theseputer____________intheUSA?—Yes,theywere.A．Did;make B．Did;weremade C．Were;made D．Are;make4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+及物动词的过去分词+其他?

Whenwasthepicturetaken?这张照片是什么时候拍的?

【即学即练】When

________

thePeople’sRepublicofChina

________?A．was;found B．was;foundedC．did;found D．does;found知识点02被动语态中助动词be的用法概念:被动语态中助动词be的用法【句型剖析】被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be在句中必须与主语的人称和数保持一致，且各种时态也体现在助动词be上。如：一般现在时用is/am/are+过去分词；一般过去时用was/were+过去分词；一般将来时用will+be+过去分词；现在完成时用has/have+been+过去分词；过去完成时用had+been+动词的过去分词；现在进行时用am/is/are+being+过去分词；过去进行时用was/were+being+过去分词等共十种时态。但没有完成进行时和将来进行时。有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成。例如：1.Brucewritesalettereveryweek.（主动语态）AletteriswrittenbyBruceeveryweek.（被动语态）2.Tombrokethewindows.（主动语态）ThewindowswerebrokenbyTom.（被动语态）3.WehavestudiedEnglishfor3years.（主动语态）Englishhasbeenstudiedfor3years.（被动语态）4.Youmustlockthedoorwhenyouleave.（主动语态）Thedoormustbelockedwhenyouleave.（被动语态）【即学即练】1.Wheneveryouwanttogiveup,justthinkaboutyourfamilyandfriends,thenyou________tofighton.A．encourage B．areencouraged C．haveencouraged2.Therubbish________fromthegrass,andthentheparkwascleanagain.A．removed B．isremoved C．wasremoved D．willberemoved3.Amodemmuseum________inthetownnextyear.A．isbuilt B．wasbuilt C．willbebuilt D．hasbeenbuilt4.Sofar,newenergyautomobiles(汽车)________bymoreandmorepeopleinourcity.A．willuse B．willbeused C．haveused D．havebeenused知识点03带双宾语的动词变被动语态【句型剖析】带双宾语的动词变被动语态带双宾语的动词，如give,send,buy,leave,lend,offer,pay,teach,tell,make,pass,sell,show,borrow等，变被动语态时，一般将间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语，把直接宾语(指物)保留下来，也可把直接宾语(指物)变为被动语态的主语，把间接宾语留在后面，但要在间接宾语前加介词to或for，到底用to还是for，与前面所搭配的动词有关。1.Jackgavehersomemoney.（主动语态）ShewasgivensomemoneybyJack.（被动语态）SomemoneywasgiventoherbyJack.（被动语态）2.Heshowedmehispictures.Iwasshownhispicturesbyhim.Hispictureswereshowntomebyhim.3.Mymothermademeabigcake.Iwasmadeabigcakebymymother.Abigcakewasmadeformebymymother.【即学即练】1.ORBISusestheplaneasateachingplane.(改为同义句)Theplaneis________________ateachingplanebyORBIS.2.Moreandmorepeoplevisittheoldtownwithalonghistoryeveryyear.(改为被动语态)Theoldtownwithalonghistory________________bymoreandmorepeopleeveryyear.3.Theteachersinthekindergartencreatedasongaboutthenewyear.（改为被动语态）Asongaboutthenewyear________________bytheteachersinthekindergarten.4.Theforestfiredestroyedthewholevillage.(改为被动语态)Thewholevillage________________bytheforestfire.知识点04接不定式作宾语补足语的动词变被动语态【句型剖析】接不定式作宾语补足语的动词变被动语态带不定式作宾语补足语的动词在改为被动语态时，其后的不定式一律不能省略to。特别是使役动词have,make以及感官动词see,watch,notice,lookat,listento,hear,feel,observe等后面跟不定式作宾语补足语时，在主动语态中不定式to要省略，但变为被动语态时，要加上省掉的to。例如：1.IsawTomentertheroom.Tomwasseentoentertheroombyme.2.Thebossmadethelittleboydoheavywork.Thelittleboywasmadetodoheavyworkbytheboss.【即学即练】1.PeoplewillmovethecontentsofStephenHawking’sofficetotheScienceMuseuminLondon.(改为被动语态)ThecontentsofStephenHawking’sofficewill____________totheScienceMuseuminLondon.2.Thevolunteerssentsomefoodtotheelderlypeoplelivingalonelastnight.（改为被动语态）Somefood________

________totheelderlypeoplelivingalonebythevolunteerslastnight.3.Thedoctorgavetheoldmansomemedicineforhiscough.

(改为被动语态）Somemedicine______________totheoldmanforhiscough.4.ColetteoncechoseHepburntoactasaleadroleinhiswork.（改为被动语态）Hepburn________once________toactasaleadrolebyColetteinhiswork.5.Thedetectivedealswiththecasescarefully.(改为被动语态）Thecases________________withcarefullybythedetective.能力拓展能力拓展考法01不用被动语态的情况（一）表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen,last,takeplace,breakout,eout,eabout,etrue,runout,giveout,turnout等以主动形式表示被动意义。例如：1.Greatchangeshavetakenplacehere.2.Theaccidenthappenedlastweek.（二）系动词如get,turn,seem,feel,sound,taste,look,feel等没有被动语态也不能用被动语态。例如：1.Theseorangestastenice.

2.Thisshirtfeelsmuchsofterthanthatone.

（三）英语中有很多动词如break,catch,clean,drive,lock,open,sell,read,write,wash等，当它们形式上主动，含有被动意思，往往表示主语本身性质，而且主语应该是物。例如：1.Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.2.Thisbookreadswell.（四）在need，want，require,和beworth等词的后面跟动名词形式，用主动形式表示被动。例如：1.Thebookisworthreading.2.Thehouseneedsrepairing.(=Thehouseneedstoberepaired.)分层提分分层提分题组A基础过关练1．（2020·北京·中考真题）Thekite________inChinamorethan2000yearsago.A．invents B．invented C．isinvented D．wasinvented2．（2018·北京·中考真题）Anewinternationalairportinthecitynextyear.A．pletes B．ispletedC．willplete D．willbepleted3．（2020·江苏南通·中考真题）Assoonasbooks________,thevolunteerspostedthemtothestudentsinHopePrimarySchool.A．areraised B．wereraised C．raised D．haveraised4．（2021·黑龙江大庆·中考真题）It________100yearssincethemunistParty________.A．was;wasfounded B．hasbeen;wasfoundedC．hasbeen;founded D．was;founded5．（2021·江西·中考真题）ThemandidagreatjobinfightingCOVID19.He________onTVandbeesveryknown.A．interviewed B．hasinterviewed C．wasinterviewed D．willbeinterviewed6．（2021·江苏苏州·中考真题）Nowteenagers________todovoluntaryworkfortheirlocalmodities.A．areencouraged B．wereencouraged C．haveencouraged D．areencouraging7．（2020·天津·中考真题）Thatmachineisbroken.It________tomorrow.A．repaired B．wasrepaired C．willrepair D．willberepaired8．（2020·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）Mymother__________readingbooksathome__________invitedtodinnersattimes.A．preferred;tobeing B．preferredto;ratherthanC．preferred;thanbeing D．preferred;tobe9．（2020·河北·中考真题）Trainticketsonline.Itisconvenient.A．sold B．weresold C．aresold D．havesold10．（2021·四川成都·中考真题）TheParty’s100thbirthday________onJuly1stthisyearinourcountry.A．willbecelebrated B．hasbeencelebrated C．willcelebrate题组B能力提升练11．（2020·山东济南·中考真题）Theywillannouncetheresultofthesingingpetitionthisafternoon.（改写句子，句意不变）Theresultofthesingingpetitionwill____________bythemthisafternoon.12．（2021·上海·中考真题）DoctorWuMengchaosavedalotofpatients’lives.

（改为被动语态）Alotofpatients’lives________________byDoctorWuMengchao.13．（2020·四川达州·中考真题）Chinesedoctorssavedmanypatientsallovertheworld.（改为被动语态）Manypatientsallovertheworld__________________byChinesedoctors.14．（2021·甘肃天水·中考真题）Finally,thepoliceofficercaughtthethief.（改为被动语态）Finally,thethief_____________________bythepoliceofficer.15．（2021·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）Iheardagirlsinginthenextroom.(改为被动语态)Agirl__________heard_________singinthenextroom.16．（2020·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）DidyougivebackyourbooktothelibrarylastFriday?(改为被动语态)______yourbook______backtothelibrarylastFriday?17．（2020·甘肃金昌·中考真题）I'vefinishedreadingabook.ThebookwaswrittenbyO·Henry.（合并为一句）I'vefinishedreadingabook__________writtenbyO·Henry.18．（2020·甘肃天水·中考真题）Wewillsolvetheproblemintwoweeks.(改为被动语态)Theproblemwill________byusintwoweeks.19．（2022·黑龙江黑龙江·中考真题）Herepairedtheoldbikelastweek.(改为被动语态)Theoldbike___________________byhimlastweek.20．（2018·贵州贵州·中考真题）Hismothermadeabigcakeforhisbirthday.(改为被动语态)Abigcake___________________byhismotherforhisbirthday.题组C培优拔尖练21．Aselfdrivingcarkilledawomanasshewalkedherbicycleacrossastreet.(改为被动语态）Awoman

____________________byaselfdrivingcarasshewalkedherbicycleacrossastreet.22．2DoctorSeusswrotemanypopularchildren’sbooksinthe20thcentury.(改为被动语态)Manypopularchildren’sbooks______________byDoctorSeussinthe20thcentury.23．Ourteacherwarnedusnottotouchthechemicalsinthelab.(改为被动语态)We____________________nottotouchthechemicalsinthelab.24．Farmersinthatvillagegrewdifferentkindsoffruitsforalivingyearsago.(改为被动语态)Differentkindsoffruits_______________byfarmersinthatvillageforalivingyearsago.25．Accordingtotheinstructionsign,wecan'twashthiscoatinwarmwater(改为被动语态)Accordingtotheinstructionsign,thiscoatcan't________________inwarmwater.26．PeopleheldthefirstOlympicGamestohonourtheGreekGod,Zeus.(改为被动语态）ThefirstOlympicGames______