《课时把关练》英语选择性必修第四册RJUNIT 1 Part I Reading and Thinking含答案

UNIT1SCIENCEFICTION第课时把关练PartIReadingandThinking基础知识练Ⅰ.单词拼写1.I’vemadeanappointmentwithMarytolendhermysciencef（小说）.2.Besidessalary，theemployeesinthefirmwillgetaSpringFestivalb（奖金）everyyear.3.Itisridiculousthatheisregardedasamanofi（诚实正直）andhighprofessionalcompetence.4.Itiswidelyrumouredthatthesaleswomanwasd（解雇）becauseshewasfoundguilty.5.Thesaleswomanmovedtoajobwithahighers（薪水）.6.Thesaleswomanwaspaintinghern（指甲）whenthebosscamein，soshewasdismissed.7.Shehasana（约会）withheraccountant，whoisawomanofthehighestintegrity.8.Thebossd（宣布）thathewouldgiveMaryariseinsalarybecauseofherexcellentperformance.9.WhenIcameintotheoldman’sroom，Isawapicturewass（悬挂）onanailonthewall.10.Insteadoflosingd（尊严），youwouldgaintherespectforbravelyadmittingyourmistakes.Ⅱ.用所给短语的适当形式填空testout，morelike，experimentwith，have/makeanappointmentwith，ontheotherhand，turnaround，thesameas，falloff，similarto，pushaway1.Atourfactorythereareafewmachinesthosedescribedinthissciencefiction.2.Themanontheladder，andIrecognizedhimasaformerclassmate.3.Scientistsratsinordertodiscoverfactsabouthumanbehaviour.4.Thestudentstheircost-cuttingideasinseveralcompanies.5.Whatshewrotewasalovestorythanasciencefiction.6.Thesaleswomanhesitatedforamomentbutsoonwhatlittleuneaseshehadabouttheidea.7.Asfarasweknow，youmustphonehisassistantinadvanceifyouwanttotheexpert.8.Ihadtoremindmyselfthatbeingconfidentisnotbeingperfect!9.Artmuseumexhibits，，wouldmostprobablyfillvisitorswithafeelingthatthereissomethingoutoftheirunderstanding.10.Whenearlyautumncame，theleavesbegantothetrees.Ⅲ.单句语法填空1.Ifelt（guilt）asaparentwhenthosebiginnocenteyeslookedatmewithconfusion.2.Attheexit，thecoldwindremindedhimhisgloves.3.Thekindergartenteachertookthecryingchildherarmsandcomfortedhimwithanurseryrhyme.4.It’sagreatpitythatIhavetocanceltheSundaybookstore（appoint）withyou.5.MenciuswasathinkerwhoseteachingswereverysimilarthoseofConfucius.6.Incomparisonlastyear，thepriceofseedhasincreased.Ⅳ.练通句型【一句多译】1.任何违反法律的人都会受到法律的严惩。①willbepunishedseverelybythelaw.（主语从句）②willbepunishedseverelybythelaw.（定语从句）2.这个善良的女人每天都把照顾这个被遗弃的孩子当作自己的职责。①Thekindwomanmadeherdutyeveryday.（动名词短语作宾语）②Thekindwomanthedesertedchildeveryday.（it作形式宾语）3.随着很多问题的出现，他不知道下一步该做什么了。①，hewasatalosswhattodonext.（with复合结构）②，hewasatalosswhattodonext.（as引导时间状语从句）【句式升级】4.Nowshewasbeinglookedafterbyarobotthatlookedsohuman，anditwasdisturbing.→.（改为复合句）5.Mr.Smith，whoisakind-heartedandexperienceddoctor，islovedandrespectedbylocalpeople.→.（精炼为简单句）V.教材语法填空Larry’swifeClairedidn’tagreeatfirstthatTony，ahouseholdrobot1.（produce）byLarry’scompany，wouldbetestedoutbyher，especiallywhenherhusbandwasonabusinesstrip.2.（eventual），sheacceptedbecauseherhusbandconvincedherthattherobotcouldpreventher3.（harm）.Butthenextday，ClairefeltparticularlyembarrassedbyTony’sbehaviour，whichwas4.（annoy）.Astime5.（go）by，themoreTonyhelpedClaire，6.moreshebegantotrustandadmirehim.TonyshowedsympathyforClaire，7.（help）herimproveherimage，makeherhomemoreelegantanddealwithtoughproblems.8.wassurprisingwasthatTonysavedClaireinanemergency.ShefeltthewarmthofTonyandthetwomightfallinlove9.eachother，whichresultedinTony’s10.（unwilling）toleave.能力提升练VI.

阅读理解A  LiuJichen，23，astudentfromTsinghuaUniversity，hasdevelopedaWeChatmini-programcalled“ClearYourPlate”.Afterameal，userscanopenthemini-programandtakeapictureoftheiremptyplates.OncetheimageisrecognizedbytheAI（ArtificialIntelligence），userscancollectpointsandusethemtobuygiftsorpurchasecharitymealsforchildreninpoorruralareas.  Liuandhisteam，togetherwithotherorgani-zations，launchedthe“ClearYourPlate”campaigninNovemberforthethirdyear.Ithassweptover1，017universitiesacrossthecountry.Theone-monthcampaignattractedalmost1.6millionparticipantsandcollectivelyreducedfoodwasteby862tonsandcarbonemissions（碳排放）by3，337tons.  “Technologicalinnovationisagoodwaytoreducefoodwaste，”Liuthought.Heorganizedateamof20memberstoworkontheprojectattheendof2017.TosolvetheAI’sproblemofidentifyingphotosofemptyplates，theteamspenthalfayearcollectingover100，000samplesincanteensandrestaurants.In2018，themini-programwasofficiallyputintooperationonOct.16，WorldFoodDay.Theythenlaunchedacampaignlaterthatyear.  “Thereweresomanyunknownsinresearchanddevelopment.Forourteammembers，thebiggestchallengewaswhetherwewereconfidentenoughtocompleteit，”Liusaid.Theynotonlyachievedtheirgoal，butnow，themini-programhasmorethan9millionregisteredusers，accordingtoLiu.“Wehopeoureffortscanstartanewtrendamongtheyoungergenerationbyencouragingthemtocherish（珍惜）theirfoodanddevelopthehabitofthrift（节约），”Liuadded.1.Whatcanweknowaboutthe“ClearYourPlate”mini-program?A.Itaimstoputanendtowasteandencouragethrift.B.Its6millionusersaremostlystudents.C.Ithelpedreducefoodwasteby3，337tons.D.Itisanexchangeofnotwastingfoodforrewards.2.WhatchallengedidLiuandhisteamface?A.Theyfoundittoughtopromotethecampaign.B.Theyfeltuncertainwhethertheycouldcompletetheproject.C.Theylackedprofessionaltechnicalsupport.D.Theyhaddifficultygatheringenoughsamples.3.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLiuJichen?A.Optimisticanddemanding. B.Generousandresponsible.C.Talentedandhumorous. D.Creativeanddetermined.4.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Aguidebook. B.Anewsreport.C.Abookreview. D.Atextbook.BAbabysealrobotfromJapanhascometotheU.S.It’sbeensoldinJapanforseveralyears，butnowthecompanyhascreatedaFlorida-basedunit，ParoRobotsU.S.Inc.，tosellthecreaturetoplaceslikenursinghomesandhospitals.Therobot，namedParo，ismarketedasatherapeutic（治疗的）devicethatcanhelpcomfortpeoplewhohaveproblemsthatcanleadtosocialisolation（隔离）.TakanoriShibata，aJapaneseengineer，inventedParo.Hesaystherobot，whichweighsabout6pounds，isabletorespondtotouch，light，andsound.Shibatasayshetriedmakingroboticcatsanddogs，butthatpeopledidn’tfindthoseconvincing.“Theyexpectedtoomuch，”hesays，andwouldcomparetherobottorealanimalstheyhadknown.Fewpeoplehaveeverseenalivebabyseal，sotheyaren’tlikelytodrawcomparisonsbetweentherobotandtherealthing.SotheyacceptParoasacutelittlecompanion.TheVinsonHallRetirementCommunityinMcLeanheldarecenteventtoshowcasetherobotandVirginiaLongslowlycameintotheactivityroom.Whenanurseputtherobotonherlap，itbegantoshakeslightly，andLongtalkedtoitgently.“Whyareyoushaking?Areyoucold?”sheasked.Therobotmadeahighsound，andLonglaughed.Shesaidsheusedtohaveacat，“butsomebodystolehim.”“Pettingasealisunusual，”shesaid，“butalotofpeoplehavestrangeanimals.”Butsomeexpertssayarobotisnoreplacementforarealanimal.“Oneofthethingsthatwe’velearnedisthatitistheunexpectedandnaturalbehaviourofthelivingcreaturethataddssomuchvaluetopeople’sexperience.Anykindofnewnesscangettheattentionofpeoplewhoarelonelyandbored，butthatdoesn’tnecessarilyhelpthemliveameaningfullife.Itdoesn’tsolvetheproblemthatisreallycausingtheirlackofenjoymentoflife，”saysBillThomas，aprofessorattheUniversityofMaryland，BaltimoreCounty.5.WhatistheroleofParo?A.Tolookafterbabyseals. B.Togiverelieftopatients.C.Toreplacehome-raisedpets. D.Toprovidemedicalexaminations.6.Howdidpeoplefeelaboutroboticcats?A.Disappointed. B.Astonished. C.Concerned. D.Amused.7.WhatwasLong’sreactiontoParo?A.Sherefusedtogetclosetoit. B.Sheshoweditmuchaffection.C.Sheregardeditashernewcat. D.Shewasfrightenedtotalktoit.8.WhatdoBillThomas’swordssuggestaboutParo?A.Itisofgreatvaluetopeople. B.Itisnotofgreatuseinsolvingrealproblems.C.Itfailstocatcholderpeople’sinterest. D.Itcantaketheplaceofalivingcreature.VII.

完形填空IoncecoachedvolleyballforagroupofkidsfortheSpecialOlympics.OneparticularTuesdaynight，afterwarmingup，thekidsbegantheir1.Brianwassittinginthe2byhimself，asusual，3betweenwatchingtheotherkidsandrestinghisheadonhisknees.Hisfamily4greatlywithwhattheyreferredtoashis“condition”.5，thiscausedhimalotofangerandsadness.Witha6abilitytofullyunderstandanddealwiththenegativityinhislife，Brianoften7andwouldn’tcommunicatewithothers.WorkingwithBrianeachweek，IknewIhadtobe8.OnthisparticularTuesdaynight，asIhaddonesomanytimesbefore，Isimplytoldhimthatwe’dlovetohavehim9us，andmademywaytotheotherkids.Asvolleyballlesson10，IsawBriancomeoutofhiscornerandmovecloser，11inthefuntheotherkidswerehaving.Hesitantly，he12meandaskedifhecouldplay.Onthisnight，Brianhadfinallydecidedtomovepasthis13andtakepartinthefun.AttheendofthatTuesdaynight，asIwatchedBrianandtheotherkidsleavethevolleyballcourt14，IknewthatIwasmakingatleastasmall15inthesekids’lives.1.A.discussions B.studies C.moves D.preparations2.A.chair B.corner C.darkness D.crowds3.A.exploring B.comparing C.emerging D.alternating4.A.struggled B.competed C.agreed D.integrated5.A.Naturally B.Obviously C.Literally D.Unfortunately6.A.limited B.unique C.remarkable D.permanent7.A.lookeddown B.shutdown C.sloweddown D.calmeddown8.A.strict B.accurate C.patient D.efficient9.A.join B.help C.choose D.support10.A.ceased B.started C.suspended D.progressed11.A.hidden B.engaged C.interested D.involved12.A.excited B.hugged C.approached D.encountered13.A.anger B.fear C.pride D.doubt14.A.behind B.together C.fast D.late15.A.contribution B.promise C.chance D.difference课时把关练PartIReadingandThinking参考答案Ⅰ.1.fiction2.bonus3.integrity4.dismissed5.salary6.nails7.appointment8.declared9.suspended10.dignityⅡ.1.similarto2.turnedaround3.experimentedwith4.testedout5.morelike6.pushedaway7.have/makeanappointmentwith8.thesameas9.ontheotherhand10.falloffⅢ.1.guilty句意：当那对天真无邪的大眼睛困惑地看着我时，作为家长我感到很愧疚。连系动词feel后用形容词，guiltyadj.愧疚的。2.of句意：在出口处，寒风使他想起了他的手套。remindsb.ofsth.使某人想起某物。3.in句意：幼儿园老师把这个哭泣的孩子抱在怀中并用童谣安慰他。takesb.inone’sarms把某人拥在怀里。4.appointment句意：很遗憾，我不得不取消与你的星期天书店约会。所填的词作宾语，所以用名词形式。5.to句意：孟子是一位思想家，他的学说与孔子的非常相似。besimilarto和……相似。6.to/with句意：与去年相比，种子的价格上涨了。incomparisonto/with与……相比。Ⅳ.1.①Whoeverbreaksthelaw②Anyonewhobreaksthelawwhoever引导主语从句时，意义相当于anyonewho，意为“任何人……都”，“不管是谁……都”。2.①lookingafterthedesertedchild此处用动名词短语作宾语，构成makesth.one’sduty结构。②madeitherdutytolookafterit作形式宾语，动词不定式短语是真正的宾语。3.①Withmanyproblemsarising“with+宾语+宾补”构成with复合结构。②Asmanyproblemsaroseas引导时间状语从句。4.Nowshewasbeinglookedafterbyarobotthatlookedsohuman，whichwasdisturbing.which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子。5.Mr.Smith，akind-heartedandexperienceddoctor，islovedandrespectedbylocalpeople.句中akind-heartedandexperienceddoctor作Mr.Smith的同位语。V.1.produced此处是过去分词作后置定语，修饰ahouse-holdrobot，故填produced。2.Eventually修饰句子使用副词，eventuallyadv.最后；终于。3.beingharmed空格处意思是“使她免受伤害”，故用被动形式。preventsb.（from）doingsth.阻止某人做某事，为固定搭配。4.annoyingwhich指代前面的句子，空格处指这件事令人心烦，故用annoying。5.went此处表示“随着时间的流逝”，as引导时间状语从句，意为“随着”，并且和全文时态一致，用过去式。6.the此处是固定句式“the+比较级，the+比较级”，意为“越……，越……”。7.helping此处是现在分词短语作状语，故填helping。8.Whatwhat引导主语从句，且在主语从句中作主语。9.with此处是固定搭配fallinlovewithsb.，意为“爱上某人”。10.unwillingness介词in后面接名词或者动名词，故填unwillingness。VI.

A【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。23岁的清华大学学生柳济琛开发了一个名为“光盘打卡”的微信小程序，用技术创新来帮助减少食物浪费。1.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...userscancollectpointsandusethemtobuygiftsorpurchasecharitymealsforchildreninpoorruralareas.”可知，通过拍空盘子的照片传到这个小程序，用户就可以收集积分，并用积分为贫困农村地区的孩子们购买礼物或购买慈善餐食。所以这是不浪费食物而获得回报的一种交换。2.B细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Forourteammembers，thebiggestchallengewaswhetherwewereconfidentenoughtocompleteit...（对于我们的团队成员来说，最大的挑战是我们是否有足够的信心去完成它……）”可知，对于是否能完成这个任务，柳济琛的团队是不确定的，这也是他们所面对的最大挑战。3.D推理判断题。柳济琛开发了微信小程序，说明他是个极具创造性的人；再由倒数第二段中的“TosolvetheAI’sproblemofidentifyingphotosofemptyplates，theteamspenthalfayearcollectingover100，000samplesincanteensandrestaurants.（为了解决人工智能识别空盘子照片的问题，这个团队花了半年时间，在食堂和餐馆收集了超过10万个样本）”可知，柳济琛是个意志坚定的人。4.B推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“LiuJichen，23，astudentfromTsinghuaUniversity，hasdevelopedaWeChatmini-programcalled‘ClearYourPlate’.”可知，本文主要讲述了23岁的柳济琛开发了一个名为“光盘打卡”的微信小程序，所以本文最有可能是一篇新闻报道。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由日本科学家研发的一种海豹机器人。5.B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Therobot，namedParo，ismarketedasatherapeuticdevicethatcanhelpcomfortpeoplewhohaveproblemsthatcanleadtosocialisolation.”可知，这款名为Paro的机器人被作为治疗性设备进行市场推广，它可以帮助安慰那些出现可能导致社交孤立的问题的人。由此可知Paro主要是为患者带来一丝慰藉。故选B。6.A推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Shibatasayshetriedmakingroboticcatsanddogs...wouldcomparetherobottorealanimalstheyhadknown.”可知，Shibata试图制造机器猫和机器狗，但人们觉得机器猫和机器狗没法令人信服。他们期望太高了，他们将机器人与他们所认识的真实的动物进行比较。因此推断人们对机器猫比较失望，因为他们总会将其与真猫作对比。故选A。7.B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Whenanurseputtherobotonherlap，i