《课时把关练》英语选择性必修第三册RJUNIT 2 Part I Reading and Thinking含答案

UNIT2HEALTHYLIFESTYLE第课时把关练PartIReadingandThinking基础知识练Ⅰ.单词拼写1.T（烟草）haslongbeenrecognizedasahugehealththreat.2.Wecouldnotfindanyrelationbetweenthepresenceofheartdiseaseanda（酒精）consumption.3.Theforumdealtwithissuessuchasdruga（滥用），violenceandunemployment.4.Foodwebsmaybed（控制）bymanyweaklinksbecausethatarrangementismorestableoverthelongterm.5.Popularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialp（心理学）.6.Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldber（奖励）withsevendropsofwaterorjuice.7.Thenewairportwillf（促进）thedevelop-mentoftourism.8.Severalrecentstudiese（调查）theroleoftalentinthesportsworld.9.Sometimesignoranceandn（消极的）outlooksonsituationscancreateanger.10.Agentlemanisopen-mindedandoptimistic；asmallpersonisnarrow-mindedandp（悲观的）.Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子1.Noteveryoneactsthesame（回应）events，andthatiswhywhattriggersonepersonmayormaynottriggeranother.2.Inthemodernworld，we（很大程度上依赖电脑）toorganizeourwork.3.Agoodjudgementisthatifyourcountisbelow30seconds，youshouldseekshelter（立刻）.4.They（决定）atourtotheUnitedStatesin1964.5.Nervousnessandfear（被取代）joy.6.She’stryingto（想出，找出）alabeltoattachtonutriafashionstoshowitiseco-friendly.7.Thereis（没有捷径完成）adifficulttask.8.InspiredbyCarroll，Ihave（养成习惯）tryingtolearnsevenamazingthingsbeforebreakfast.9.Theygaveusentertainment，providingusameanstosafely（释放压力）.10.Nomatterwhatyouliketodo，thereisawayto（参与各种活动）onEarthDay.11.Asfortheplan，youcan（做出适当的改变）tosuitthelocalconditions.12.Inadditiontothegovernment，consumers（有能力）maketheeconomygreen.Ⅲ.单句语法填空1.Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycanleadhealthyadjustment，highstatushasjusttheoppositeeffectonus.2.Thescientistsattendedameetingwheremanyexpertsdiscussedhowtopreventpeoplefrom（expose）topollutedwater.3.Inonestudy，Dr.Prinsteinexaminedthetwotypesofpopularityin235adolescents，scoringtheleastliked，themostlikedandthehighestinstatusbasedstudentsurveys.4.Today，manyChinesepeoplearelearningWesternstylesandtheoriesratherthan（focus）onChinesetraditions.5.Hefoundthebosswashard（get）alongwith.6.Myadviceisyoushouldapologizetohimforyourrudebehavior.7.Asidebeinggoodexercise，swimmingisaveryusefulskill.8.Thetwopeoplewillinglyactpart-timeworkers，enoughhoursbetweenthemtofulfillthedutiesofafull-timeworker.9.Thosewhowerehighestinstatusinhighschool，aswellasthoseleastlikedinelementaryschool，are“mostlikely（engage）indangerousandriskybehavior.”10.Thestudyoftraditionsshouldbecombinedpractice.Ⅳ.练通句型【一句多译】1.该委员会由十名经验丰富的法官组成。①Thecommitteetenexperiencedjudges.（makeup）②Thecommitteetenexperiencedjudges.（compose）③Thecommitteetenexperiencedjudges.（consist）2.什么都不能阻止他说出相反的意见。①Nothingwouldspeakingoutoppositeideas.（prevent）②Nothingwouldspeakingoutoppositeideas.（discourage）3.盗贼很可能不知道此物的价值。①thethievesdon’tknowhowmuchitisworth.（belikelythat）②Thieveshowmuchitisworth.（belikelytodo）4.我打算买辆新车来取代那辆旧车。①I’mgoingtobuyanewcar.（todo不定式作目的状语）②I’mgoingtoanewone.（replaceAwithB）【句式升级】5.Topreventharmfulhabitslikethesefromdominatingateenager’slifeisessentialforparents. （形式主语）6.Themedicinewillworkbestifitistakenaccordingtotheinstructions. （if省略句）能力提升练=5\*ROMANV.教材语法填空 Withteenagers1.（grow）up，theymayformsomebadhabits，whichmaydominateateenager’slife.Howisahabitformedfromtheperspectiveofpsychology?A“cue”，a“routine”andthe“reward”makeupthe“habitcycle”.Forinstance，whenwefeelunhappy（cue），weeatunhealthysnacks（routine），2.makesusfeelhappy（reward）.Therewardmakesusmuchmorelikely3.（continue）thecycle，and4.badhabitofrelyingonunhealthysnacksisformed.  5.（facilitate）apositivechangeinourbadhabits，wemustfirstexamineourbadhabitcyclesandthenadaptthemby6.（combine）theinformationfromourhabitcycleswithourownpositiveideas.Wecanreplaceanegativeroutine7.somethingmorepositive.So，whenwefeelunhappyagain（cue），in8.（respond）tothecue，wecanlistentoourfavouritemusic（routine），9.（make）usfeelrelaxed（reward）.Asidefromchangingbadhabits，wecanalsousethehabitcycletocreategoodhabits10.（repeated）.Thoughit’snoteasytobreakbadhabits，youngpeopleshouldbuildahappyandhealthylife.VI.阅读理解AJackwas11monthsoldinthespringof2015whenhisparents，ErikaandChristopher，recognizedhisdevelopmentwasnotprogressingasitshould.Thefeelingwasfamiliartothecouple.Justafewmonthsearlier，Jack’sbrotherChase，whois16monthsolder，hadbeendiagnosedwithautism（自闭症）afterhedidnotreachmotionandlanguagestandardsasexpected.Jack’sbehaviorsweresimilarlydelayed，andhisparentstookimmediateactiontoseekhelp.Today，Jackis8—hecelebratedhisbirthdayonMay13—andhecanspeakinfullsentencesandread.Aftertwoyearsatapreschoolthatspecializesinservicesforchildrenwithdevelopmentaldisabilities，hewillstartkindergartenintheSmithtownschooldistrictinSeptember.“Ourfamily’sexperienceisagoodexampleofthepowerandeffectivenessofearlyintervention.Theservicesourboyshavereceivedmadeallthedifference，”theparentssaid.Accordingtoscientists，autismcanbedetectedat18monthsoryounger，andbyage2adiagnosiscanbeconsidered“veryreliable”.TheparentssaidtheywerehappywithChase’ssuccessatthelearningcenter，butstillhadconcernsforJackbecausehewasnotspeaking.Developingsocialandcommunicationskillscanbeamongthegreatestchallengesforindividualswithautism，eveniftheyareabletosayafewwordsearlyon.“Wedidn’tknowifhewasevergoingtotalk，”Erikasaid.“Thatwasmybiggestfear.Wejustdidn’tknow.”Lookingahead，theparentsarecautiouslyoptimisticaboutJack’snexteducationalmove.Hedoesn’thandlechangewell，theysaid，andhelikestoknowhisroutine.Still，theyexpressconfidencethathistimeatthelearningcenterhasgivenhimtheskillsheneedstobesuccessful.1.HowdidJack’sparentsknowhesufferedfromautism?A.Theyfoundthebabyclever. B.Theyjudgedbytheirexperience.C.Theyfoundhedidn’tdevelop. D.Theycheckedonhiminthehospital.2.Whatdidtheparentsthinkoftheearlyintervention?A.Itmadenodifferencetothebabies. B.Itbenefittedthebabiesgreatly.C.Itgottheirbabiesmoredisabled. D.Ithelpedtheirbabiesspeakfluently.3.Whatcanwelearnfromthethirdparagraph?A.Autismcanbeconfirmedat18monthsold.B.Jack’sparentswereconfidentabouthismotorskills.C.Chase’sparentsweredoubtfulabouthisdevelopment.D.Jack’sparentsworriedabouthislanguageskillsmost.4.Whatisthetextmainlytalkingabout?A.Autismcanbecuredifparentstakeactionearly.B.Parentsshouldbeconfidentabouttheirchildren’sfuture.C.Earlyinterventioninautismcouldimprovechildren’slife.D.Communicationskillsshouldbedevelopedasearlyaspossible.BLiuJichen，astudentfromTsinghuaUniversity，hasdevelopedaWeChatmini-programcalled“ClearYourPlate”.Afterameal，userscanopenthemini-programandtakeapictureoftheiremptyplates.OncetheimageisrecognizedbytheAI（ArtificialIntelligence），studentscancollectpointsandusethemtobuygiftsorpurchasecharitymealsforchildreninimpoverished（贫困的）ruralareas.Liuandhisteam，togetherwithotherorganiz-ations，launchedthe“ClearYourPlate”campaigninNovemberforthethirdyear.Ithassweptover1，017universitiesacrossthecountry.Theone-monthcampaignattractedalmost1.6millionparticipantsandcollectivelyreducedfoodwasteby862tonsandcarbonemissions（碳排放）by3，337tons.Theideatodevelopsuchamini-programcamefromLiu’sexperienceinacanteen.In2017，hefoundthatarestaurantwouldgivedinerswhofinishedofftheirfoodacardandoffersmallgiftsafteracertainnumberofcardshadbeencollected.“Technologicalinnovationisagoodwaytoreducefoodwaste，”Liuthought.Heorganizedateamof20memberstoworkontheprojectattheendof2017.TosolvetheAI’sproblemofidentifyingphotosofemptyplates，theteamspenthalfayearcollectingover100，000samplesincanteensandrestaurants.In2018，themini-programwasofficiallyputintooperationonOct16，WorldFoodDay.Theythenlaunchedacampaignlaterthatyear.“Thereweresomanyunknownsinresearchanddevelopment.Forourteammembers，thebiggestchallengewaswhetherwewereconfidentenoughtocompleteit，”Liusaid.Notonlydidtheyachievetheirgoal，butnow，themini-programhasmorethan5millionregisteredusers，accordingtoLiu.“Wehopeoureffortscanstartanewtrendamongtheyoungergenerationbyencouragingthemtocherish（珍惜）theirfoodanddevelopthehabitofthrift（节约），”Liuadded.5.Whatcanweknowaboutthe“ClearYourPlate”mini-program?A.Itaimstoputanendtowasteandencouragethrift.B.Its6millionusersaremostlystudents.C.Ithelpedreducefoodwasteby3，337tons.D.Itisanexchangeoffoodforrewards.6.WhatwasthebiggestchallengeLiuandhisteamfaced?A.Theyfoundittoughtopromotethecampaign.B.Theyfeltuncertainwhethertheycouldcompletetheproject.C.Theylackedprofessionaltechnicalsupport.D.Theyhaddifficultygatheringenoughsamples.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLiuJichen?A.Optimisticanddemanding. B.Generousandresponsible.C.Talentedandhumorous. D.Creativeanddetermined.8.Whatisthetext?A.Aguidebook. B.Anewsreport.C.Abookreview. D.Atextbook.VII.完形填空  Mybedisthebestpartofmyhome，whereIgotofind1afteralongstressfulday.However，lately，Iget2justlookingatit.Ican’tfallasleep.I’ma3ofinsomnia（失眠）.  I’mnot4：studiesshowmorethanoneinthreepeopleworldwide5insomnia.Somepeoplecangettosleepontime，but6muchtooearly；othersgetafull-nightsleepbutstillfeelvery7whentheywakeup.Andthentherearepeoplelikeme，ordinaryinsomniacswhotossandturnallnight.  Insomniaisasideeffectof8.Tofindthecure，doctorsfirstfindoutthe9bykeepinga“sleepdiary”，inwhichyou10yoursleephabits.The11mayindicatelifestylepatterns，whicharecausingyourproblem.Aspecialistinsleepdisorderswrites，“Agoodsleepdiarycan12allowthepatientsto‘curethemselves’.”  Agoodnight’ssleepiscreatedduringtheday.13atthebeginningoftheday，andstayawayfromcaffeineintheafternoon.Afterdark，dimthelightsandtryto14stress.Ourbodieslike15patterns.Ifyoucan’tfallasleep，trylisteningtosoftmusic.You’llmostlikelybeasleep.1.A.courage B.relaxation C.decision D.wisdom2.A.confident B.skeptical C.nervous D.curious3.A.victim B.specialist C.recorder D.witness4.A.sad B.alone C.pleased D.afraid5.A.referto B.adaptto C.benefitfrom D.sufferfrom6.A.getup B.lookup C.wakeup D.turnup7.A.exhausted B.concerned C.embarrassed D.frightened8.A.entertainment B.anxiety C.hesitation D.loneliness9.A.approach B.data C.symptom D.cause10.A.develop B.record C.break D.change11.A.effect B.cure C.doctor D.diary12.A.seldom B.rarely C.often D.occasionally13.A.Sleep B.Work C.Read D.Exercise14.A.experience B.accumulate C.reduce D.inspire15.A.consistent B.various C.normal D.irregular课时把关练PartIReadingandThinking参考答案Ⅰ.1.Tobacco2.alcohol3.abuse4.dominated5.psychology6.rewarded7.facilitate8.examined9.negative10.pessimisticⅡ.1.inresponseto2.relyheavilyoncomputers3.straightaway4.decidedon5.werereplacedwith6.comeupwith7.noshortcutstoaccomplishing8.developed/created/built/formedahabitof9.freeourselvesfromstress10.getinvolvedinvariousactivities11.makeappropriatechanges12.havethepowertoⅢ.1.to句意：它清楚地表明，虽然惹人喜爱可以带来健康的调节能力，但高地位对我们的影响恰恰相反。leadto导致。2.beingexposed 句意：科学家们参加了一个会议，会上许多专家讨论了如何防止人们接触到被污染的水。preventsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事，beexposedto暴露于，此处people和expose之间是被动关系，故填beingexposed。3.on句意：在一项研究中，普林斯坦博士对235名青少年的两种受欢迎程度进行了调查，根据学生调查结果，他们分别对最不受欢迎、最受欢迎和地位最高（的学生）进行打分。bebasedon以……为基础。4.focusing句意：如今，许多中国人正在学习西方的风格和理论，而不是关注中国传统。此处learning和focusing是并列结构，故填focusing。5.toget 句意：他发现这个老板很难相处。主语+be+adj.+todo为固定句式。6.that句意：我的建议是你应该为自己无礼的行为向他道歉。这是一个表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故用that来引导。7.from句意：除了是一项好的运动之外，游泳还是一种非常有用的技能。asidefrom除了。8.as句意：这两个人自愿当兼职工人，他们有足够的时间履行一个全职工人的职责。actas充当。9.toengage 句意：那些在中学里地位最高的学生，以及那些在小学里最不被喜欢的学生最有可能接触危险和冒险行为。belikelytodosth.很可能做某事。10.with句意：对传统的研究应该与实践相结合。combineAwithB把A和B结合起来。Ⅳ.1.①ismadeupof ②iscomposedof ③consistsof becomposedof/bemadeupof/consistof的意思都是“包含，包括，由……构成”。其中，consistof不能用于被动语态。该句还可用makeup“组成”来改写：Tenexperiencedjudgesmakeupthecommittee.。2.①preventhimfrom ②discouragehimfrom prevent/discourage/stop/keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事，其中keepsb.fromdoingsth.中的from不可省略，其他几个结构中的from可以省略，类似的结构还有bansb.fromdoingsth.“禁止某人做某事”。3.①It’smorethanlikelythat belikelythat...“很可能……”。②aremorethanlikelynottoknow sb.belikelytodosth.某人很有可能做某事。4.①toreplacetheoldone②replacemyoldcarwithreplace...with...用……替换……5.Itisessentialforparentstopreventharmfulhabitslikethesefromdominatingateenager’slife. 不定式可以作主语，但是当主语太长，句子结构不合理时，可用it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。6.Themedicinewillworkbestiftakenaccordingtotheinstructions. 当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be。=5\*ROMANV.【语篇解读】本文探讨了青少年习惯的养成规律。1.growingwithteenagersgrowingup=asteenagersgrowup，意为“随着青少年的长大”。此处为with复合结构，teenagers与grow之间为主动关系，故用现在分词。2.whichwhich引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句内容。3.tocontinue（be）likelytodosth.“有可能做某事”，为固定搭配。4.the此处指的是依赖不健康零食的不良习惯，是特指，故用the。5.Tofacilitate 此处表目的，用不定式短语作目的状语。6.combiningby是介词，后面用v.-ing形式。7.withreplacesth.withsth.“用……取代……”，为固定搭配。8.responseinresponsetosth.“对某事作出回应”，为固定搭配。9.makingmaking...是现在分词短语作结果状语。10.repeatedly修饰动词应使用副词，repeatedly反复地。VI.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对父母发现孩子有自闭症并及时进行了治疗，使孩子的情况有所改善的故事。1.B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thefeelingwasfamiliartothecouple.Justafew...asexpected.”可知，Jack的父母是根据第一个孩子Chase被诊断为自闭症的经验来断定Jack也有自闭症。2.B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“‘Ourfamily’sexperienceis...madeallthedifference，’theparentssaid.”可知，这对父母认为早期干预对孩子很有好处。3.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Wedidn’tknowifhewasevergoingtotalk...Thatwasmybiggestfear.”可知，Jack的父母最担心他的语言能力。4.C主旨大意题。文章通过一个家庭的例子证明了对自闭症的早期干预可以改善儿童的生活。【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了清华大学的学生柳济琛开发了一个名为“光盘打卡”的微信小程序，用技术创新来帮助减少食物浪费。5.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Afterameal，userscanopenthemini-programandtakeapictureoftheiremptyplates.OncetheimageisrecognizedbytheAI（ArtificialIntelligence），studentscancollectpointsandusethemtobuygiftsorpurchasecharitymealsforchildreninimpoverishedruralareas.”可知，这个程序用奖励来换食物。6.B细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘Thereweresomanyun-knownsinresearchanddevelopment.Forourteammembers，thebiggestchallengewaswhetherwewereconfidentenoughtocompleteit，’Liusaid.”可知，对于是否能完成这个项目柳济琛和他的团队是不确定的，这是他们最大的挑战。故选B。7.D推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“LiuJichen，astudentfromTsinghuaUniversity，hasdevelopedaWeChatmini-programcalled‘ClearYourPlate’.”及第三段第一句“Theideatodevelopsuchamini-programcamefromLiu’sexperienceinaca