统考版2025届高考英语一轮复习限时提分练十七必修④Unit2Workingtheland含解析

PAGE限时提分练(十七)必修④Unit2WorkingthelandⅠ.阅读理解A[2024·开封市高三第一次模拟]Don'tlikeseedsinyourtomatoes?Youmightbepleasedtoknowthatseedlessoneshavebeencreatedbygeneediting.Thiscouldcreateawiderangeofseedlessfruits,butfewmayeverbeseeninthesupermarketifregulatorsdecidetotreatgene­editedcropsinthesamewayasgeneticallyengineered(转基因的)ones.Severalseedlessfruits,frombananastograpes,arealreadyavailable,buthavemostlyappearedbyluckratherthandesign.Andalthoughthereareafewseedlessvarietiesoftomatoes,they'vetakenresearchersmanyyearstocreate.Nowitcanbedoneveryquickly,asKeishiOsakabeatTokushimaUniversityinJapanhasshown.HisteamusedtheCRISPRgene­editingtechnologytomakefruitsdevelopeventhoughnoseedshadbeguntoform.“Wehaven'ttastedthemyet,butintheorytheyshouldtastethesame，”saysOsakabe.Therehavebeenafeweffortstocreateseedlesstomatoesusingearliergeneticengineeringtechniques.ThesemethodstakelongertimecomparedwithCRISPR.Some“seedless”fruitsjusthaveverysmallseeds,andstillrequirepollination(授粉).Butcompletelyseedlessfruitsliketheeditedtomatoesdonotrequirepollinationatall.Suchplantscouldimprovefoodsecuritybyreducingourrelianceonsmallerbeepopulations,saysSaulCunninghamattheAustralianNationalUniversity.Manyfruitgrowersbuybeestopollinatetheircrops.Thereisadeficiencyforfarmers,however.Seedlessplantsusuallyhavetobegrownfromcuttings,whichinvolvesmorelaborthanplantingseeds.CRISPRcouldbeusedtodevelopothertypesoffruitthatdon'trequirepollinators,aswellasintroducebeneficialmutations(突变),saysOsakabe.Buttomakeitontothesupermarket,gene­editedplantsmayhavetomeetthesamestandardsasgeneticallyengineeredplants,whichwouldgreatlyincreasecosts.Somearguethatsincegeneeditingisusedtointroducemutationsalreadyfoundinsomeoftheplantsweeat,itshouldnotrequiresuchstrictregulations.1．Whathasbeentheproblemwithseedlesstomatoescreatedinthepast?A．Theirtastewasnotverygood.B．Theystillhadafewbigseeds.C．Theirgenescouldnotberecognized.D．Theytookquitealongtimetocreate.2．WhatdidKeishiOsakabe'steamdo?A．Theyeditedtomatoes'genes.B．Theychangedthetasteoftomatoes.C．Theymadeseedlessbananasandgrapes.D．Theycreatedgeneticallyengineeredtomatoes.3．WhyisCRISPRbetterthanpreviousmethods?A．Itwillstillrequirepollination.B．Itwillremainunaffectedwithoutbees.C．Itwillreducepeople'srelianceonfoodsecurity.D．Itwillmakemanygrowersbuybeesforpollination.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deficiency”inParagraph7probablymean?A．Danger.B．Disadvantage.C．Benefit.D．Solution.B[2024·山西省高三第一次测试]MorethanhalfofworkingAfricanshavejobsinagriculture,butinadequatetoolsandalackofinvestmenthaveleftthecontinent'smostlysmallfarmsstrugglingtofeedagrowingpopulation.Now,awaveoftechnologicalsolutionsisaimingtohelp.EstherUsman,fromKadunaState,NorthwestNigeria,hasbeengrowingcornsinceshewas17,whenshedroppedoutofschooltosupportherfamilyafterherfather'sdeath.Twodecadeson,shewasstruggling.Sheoftenlayawakeatnightworryingabouthowtofeedandeducateherchildren.Attimes,moneyransolowthatshewasforcedtosellhercropforabit.“Ifmyfarmwasaffectedbypests,Icouldonlyaffordtobuyasmallamountofpesticide,whichwasusuallynoteffective.Andcorninstorageisoftenlosttomoisture(潮气)andpests,whichisabigproblem，”saysUsman,now38.In2024,UsmanjoinedBabbanGona,asocialenterprisethatactsasafarmers'partnerandoffersfarmerscredit,trainingandothersupport.Itwaslaunchedin2012with102farmers,andnowworkswith20,000.FieldofficersemployedbyBabbanGonaphotographitsfarmers'fields.Anappreviewsthephotos,evaluatingthegermination(发芽)rateandseeingifthesoilneedsnutrientsbasedonleafcolors.Thefieldofficersstepintowarnfarmersofanyproblemstheyfindandadviseonpossiblesolutions.Somefarmershaveincreasedtheiryields(产量)by50percent.Oncethecornisharvested,BabbanGonastoresitinsealedcontainersandaimstosellitattherighttimetomaximizethefarmers'profits.ThepaymentsUsmanreceivesfromBabbanGonaallowhertoinvestinacow,tobuynewclothesforherfamily,andtobuildahouse.5．WhatcanUsmanbedescribedinherearlylife?A．Activebutunskilled.B．Responsibleandwise.C．Hardworkingbutpenniless.D．Painedandunambitious.6．WhatwasthechallengeforUsmanafterharvestingcorn?A．Sellingit.B．Reservingit.C．Killingpestsonthefarm.D．Feedingandeducatingherchildren.7．HowdothefieldofficersworkinBabbanGona?A．Theyevaluatethephotosofcrops.B．Theylendmoneytoneedyfarmers.C．Theysendphotostakenbyfarmerstoanapp.D．Theyserveasabridgebetweenfarmersandit.8．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．TechnologyhelpsAfricanfarmerslivebetter.B．AcompanysupportsAfricanfarmers.C．FarminginAfricaisfacedwithadifficultsituation.D．Africanfarmersinventsmartfarming.Ⅱ.七选五[2024·武汉市中学毕业生供题]Ithadlongbeentroublingalittleboythathisdeskmatecouldrank1stintheclasseverytimewhilehefailedto:heonlyranked21st.Athome,heaskedhismom,“Mom,amImorestupidthanothers?IfeelIamashardworkingashim,buthowcomeIalwaysfallbehind？”__1__Inanothertest,theboyranked15th,andhisdeskmateremained1st.Backhome,heraisedthesamequestion.__2__However,wasthisanswerinherson'sbestinterest?Thankgoodnessshedidnotopenhermouth.Thereweretimesshewantedtotellhim,“YourfatherandIusedtobeoutstanding.Whyaren'tyoujustasclever？”Butshestoppedbecauseshefeltitwascrueltoblamehimandthatsheneededabetteranswer.__3__Toreducetheburdenonhersonwhowassufferingfromthepainsofunsatisfyinggradesandrankings,Momdecidedtotakehimtothesea.Duringthetrip,shemanagedtogiveoutananswer.Now,theboynolongerworriesabouthisrankings,because,withthe1stranking,heisadmittedtoatopuniversity.__4__Inthelecture,hementionedavaluableexperience,“WhenmymotherandIwerelyingonthebeach,shepointedtothefrontandsaid,‘Doyouseetheseabirdsoverthere?Whenthewavescomenear,littlebirdscanrisequicklywhileitwouldtakelongerforclumsyseagullstocompletetheprocess.However,haveyounoticedbirdsthatfinallyflyacrosstheendlessoceanarenoneotherthanclumsyseagulls？’__5__”Themovingspeechaffectedmanymotherspresentintotears,includinghismother.A．Feelingsadforherson'sfailure,Momscoldedhim.B．Momreallywantedtotellhersonthatintelligencediffers.C．Hearingthewords,shewentwordless,notknowinghowtoexplain.D．Youmightbeabitslower,butyouwillbetheonewhowillmakeit!E．Momwassoproudofherson'ssuccessthatsheoftentoldthattoothers.F．Backtohishighschool,hewasinvitedtogiveaspeechtothestudentsandparents.G．Timeflyingswiftly,despitegreatefforts,hewasstillunabletokeepupwithhisdeskmate.Ⅲ.语法填空[2024·武汉市中学毕业生供题]Hereiswhyyoushouldcareaboutastronomy.It'struethatitsadvancesbenefitmillionsofpeopleacrosstheworld.Ithasdevelopedtechnologynowtotrackwhereyourpackagegoes,todeterminewhereyouareandso1.________.Butallofthesearemeresecondthoughtsand2.________(benefit)thathaveoccurredwithouttheprimary3.________(intend)ofthemaker.Andthatis4.________makesastronomybeautiful.Tostudysomething—notbecausewe'relookingtogainanythinginparticular,butpurely5.________(enjoy)naturalwonders—6.________(be)allthatmakesushuman.Doingworkfortheworkitselfcreatesroomforjoy.I7.________(firm)believethatastronomyhasaspiritualdimensioninthesenseofhowitconnectsuswithsomethingbiggerthanourselves.Because8.________astronomywenowknowexactlywhentheuniverse9.________(come)intoexistence.Andwe'vespottedthousandsofplanetsorbitingotherstars.Ithasexplainedmysteries(神奇的事物)10.________(confuse)usforthousandsofyears,butevenmoresignificantly,ithasopenedupmoremysteriesthananyofuscanstudyinourlifetime.

限时提分练(十七)Ⅰ.阅读理解A语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——科技与生活——运用基因编辑技术研制无籽或无核水果。【语篇解读】该文主要介绍了运用基因编辑技术可以更快地研制出无籽或无核水果，但这种水果要想进入超市，可能必需符合与转基因水果相同的标准。1．答案与解析：D考查细微环节理解。依据第三段中的“they'vetakenresearchersmanyyearstocreate”和第五段中的“ThesemethodstakelongertimecomparedwithCRISPR”可知，过去创建无籽西红柿很耗时，故选D。2．答案与解析：A考查细微环节理解。依据第四段中的“HisteamusedtheCRISPRgene­editingtechnologyto...noseedshadbeguntoform”可知，KeishiOsakabe的团队编辑了西红柿的基因，故A项正确。3．答案与解析：B考查推理推断。依据第八段中的“CRISPRcouldbeusedtodevelopothertypesoffruitthatdon'trequirepollinators”可知，CRISPR可用于研制其他类型的不须要传粉者的水果。由此可推知，CRISPR不会受到没有蜜蜂的影响，故选B。4．答案与解析：B考查词义揣测。依据第七段中的“Seedlessplantsusuallyhavetobegrownfromcuttings,whichinvolvesmorelaborthanplantingseeds”可知，种植无籽植物通常须要投入更多劳动。由此可推知，这对农夫来说并不是什么好事，故画线词的含义与B项词义最接近。danger“危急”，disadvantage“劣势”，benefit“好处”，solution“解决方法”。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——社会进步——科技改善非洲农夫的生活状况【语篇解读】文章以EstherUsman为例介绍了非洲农夫在科技的帮助下生活状况得以改善的状况。5．答案与解析：C考查推理推断。依据其次段中的“EstherUsman,fromKadunaState,NorthwestNigeria,hasbeengrowingcornsinceshewas17,whenshedroppedoutofschooltosupportherfamilyafterherfather'sdeath.Twodecadeson,shewasstruggling.Sheoftenlayawakeatnightworryingabouthowtofeedandeducateherchildren”可推断，Usman在早年间虽然努力工作但过着贫困的生活。6．答案与解析：B考查细微环节理解。依据第三段中的“Andcorninstorageisoftenlosttomoisture(潮气)andpests,whichisabigproblem”可知，Usman说贮存中的玉米常常会因为潮气和害虫而坏掉，因此对她来说收完玉米后的储存是个问题，即储存玉米是一个挑战。故答案为B。7．答案与解析：D考查推理推断。依据第四段中对fieldofficers的工作内容的介绍“FieldofficersemployedbyBabbanGonaphotographitsfarmers'fields...Thefieldofficersstepintowarnfarmersofanyproblemstheyfindandadviseonpossiblesolutions”可知，BabbanGona雇用的田地工作人员对农夫的田地进行拍照，一个应用程序审核这些照片并评估这些照片中的农作物，而后田地工作人员告知农夫他们发觉的任何问题，并就可能的解决方案提出建议。由此可推知，田地工作人员充当了农夫和这个公司之间的桥梁。8．答案与解析：A考查主旨大意。本文以EstherUsman为例介绍了科技帮助非洲农夫改善生活状况，故答案为A。Ⅱ.七选五语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我——人物故事——母亲的激励【语篇解读】一个男孩为成果不犹如桌而苦恼，问他的妈妈他是不是比别人笨。妈妈没有正面回答男孩的问题而是带他去了海边，让他留意笨拙的海鸥竟然是最终飞越大海的。后来，男孩以第一名的成果被一所好高校录用。1．答案与解析：C依据空前的“‘Mom,amImorestupidthanothers?IfeelIamashardworkingashim,buthowcomeIalwaysfallbehind？’”可知，空处应是表述妈妈听到男孩的提问后的反应，C项“听了这些话，她说不出话来，不知道如何说明”符合语境，故C项正确。2．答案与解析：B依据空前的“thesamequestion”和空后一句“However，wasthisanswerinherson'sbestinterest？”可知，然而他的妈妈不知道这样的回答是否对男孩有利。据此可知，空处应是表述妈妈想要回答男孩的问题，故B项正确。3．答案与解析：G依据空后一句“Toreducetheburdenonhersonwhowassufferingfromthepainsofunsatisfyinggradesandrankings，Mom