2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit3EnvironmentalProtectionSectionⅡLearningAboutLanguage学案含解析新人教版选择性必修第三册

PAGEUnit3EnvironmentalProtectionSectionⅡLearningAboutLanguageⅠ.核心词汇及拓展1．________n.流域；盆地；盆2．________n.企鹅3．________vt.使生效；贯彻；执行4．________adj.适度的；中等的；温柔的vi.&vt.缓和；使适中5．________adj.热带的；来自热带的6．________n.(热带)丛林；密林7．________vt.(过去式__________，过去分词________)经验；经受(变更、不快等)8．________adj.每年的，一年的，n.年刊；年鉴→________adv.每年9．________vi.&vt.改革；(使)改正；改造n.改革；变革；改良10．________n.混乱；杂乱；紊乱11．________adj.原子能的；核能的；原子核的12．________adj.敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的Ⅱ.核心词汇讲解1．insearchof找寻；寻求❶Shewentintothekitcheninsearchofadrink.她进了厨房，想找点喝的。❷Therescueworkerswereworkinghardinsearchofthosesurvivorsintheflood.救援人员正努力找寻洪水中的那些生还者。[归纳拓展]“in＋n.＋of”型的其他短语：inpraiseof赞扬，歌颂inpossessionof拥有infavourof支持，赞同inchargeof负责，管理inneedof须要inmemoryof为纪念，为追悼inhonourof...为向……表示敬意[即学即练]用“in＋n.＋of”型短语完成句子①Thevillagersinpollutedareaswalkverylongdistances____________cleanwatereveryday.②Myparentsaren't____________megoingabroadforeducation,fearingthatI'mtooyoungtotakecareofmyself.③Themeetingstartedwiththreeminutes'silence__________thosewhohaddiedintheearthquake.④Themanagerisnow____________acapableassistantthathecancountontocopewithproblemsinhisabsence.⑤Thepersonwhois____________thefactoryhasbeeninhospitalsincelastweek.[名师点津]insearchof短语中search前不加任何修饰词。2．onbehalfof代表(或代替某人)；为了(某人)；为帮助(某人)❶OnbehalfofmycompanyIwouldliketothankyouall.我谨代表我的公司向你们全部人表示感谢。❷I'mverygladtoputonaperformancehereonbehalfofourschool.我很兴奋在这里代表我们学校进行演出。❸Shegaveapianorecitalonbehalfofacharity.她为帮助一个慈善机构举办了一场钢琴演奏会。❹Theycampaignedonbehalfofthevictimsofthewar.他们为这场斗争的受害者发起了运动。[即学即练]完成句子我代表这里的每个人祝福你归国途中一切顺当。____________everyonehere,Iwishyouapleasantjourneywhenyougobacktoyourcountry.[联想拓展]onbehalfof和represent都可以表示“代表”，前者是短语介词，后者是动词。

DiscoverUsefulStructuresGrammar——干脆引语变间接引语诵读下列例句并感知画线部分的共性。1．Shesaidtome,“Icamebackanhourago.”2．Hesaid(that)hewantedtobuyadictionary.3．Hetoldme(that)helikedEnglishverymuch.4．Shesaid,“Didyouseehimlastnight？”5．“Youhavefinishedthehomework,haven'tyou？”mymotherasked.6．“Whatdoyouwanttoeattonight？”heaskedme.7．SheaskedmewhenIwouldgothereandhelpher.[共性呈现]1．句1、4、5、6中，画线部分均放在了引号内部，为干脆引语。2．句2、3、7中，画线部分均为宾语从句，没有运用引号为间接引语。[语法精释]干脆引语变间接引语(陈述句和疑问句)1．干脆引语和间接引语引用或转述别人说的话时有两种方法：干脆引述别人的原话，叫作干脆引语(directspeech)。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫作间接引语(indirectspeech)。一般来讲，干脆引语前后要加引号；间接引语不用加引号，常用宾语从句来表达。Hesaid,“I'mastudent.”(干脆引语)→Hesaidthathewasastudent.(间接引语)2．干脆引语变为间接引语时句子结构的变更(1)干脆引语为陈述句干脆引语假如是陈述句，变为间接引语时用连接词that引导(that在口语中常省去)，that从句之前常用say，tell等引述动词。Hesaid,“Myfathernevertalksmuchaboutthewar.”→Hesaidthathisfathernevertalkedmuchaboutthewar.(2)干脆引语为一般疑问句或反意疑问句干脆引语假如是一般疑问句或反意疑问句，变为间接引语时用连接词whether或if引导，常用的引述动词(短语)为ask，wonder,wanttoknow等。语序是陈述句的语序，这一点特别重要。❶Hesaid,“Doyouhaveanydifficultywithyourpronunciation？”→Heasked(me)whether/ifIhadanydifficultywithmypronunciation.❷Hesaid,“YouareinterestedinEnglish,aren'tyou？”→Heaskedwhether/ifIwasinterestedinEnglish.(3)干脆引语为选择疑问句干脆引语假如是选择疑问句，变为间接引语时用连接词whether或if引导。但句中出现ornot时，只能用whether。Heasked,“DoyouspeakEnglishorFrench？”→Heaskedmewhether/ifIspokeEnglishorFrench.(4)干脆引语为特殊疑问句干脆引语假如是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，原来的疑问词作为间接引语的引导词，常用的引述动词(短语)为ask，wonder，wanttoknow等。疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。Heasked,“What'syourname？”→Heasked(me)whatmynamewas.[即学即练1]把下列干脆引语变为间接引语①“Iamhavingbreakfast，”hesaid.→Hesaidthat________________havingbreakfast.②“I'veseentheplay，”Ginasaidtome.→Gina________methatshe________________theplay.③Theteachersaid,“Thesunisbiggerthantheearth.”→Theteachersaidthatthesun________biggerthantheearth.④“Imetheryesterday，”hesaidtome.→Hetoldmethathe________methertheday________.⑤“Youcancomeherebeforeeight，”hesaid.→HesaidthatI________go________beforeeight.⑥“Didyoureadthebooklastweek？”hesaid.→He________________Ihadreadthebooktheweek________.⑦Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Tom.”→He________Tomthathe________sitthere.⑧Heasked,“Howdidyoufindthelostnecklace,mother？”→Heaskedhismother________________foundthelostnecklace.⑨“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays？”heasked.→Heaskedme________________been________days.⑩“Doyouknowwhereshelives？”heasked.→Heasked________________knewwhereshe________.⑪HeaskedTome，“Whenwillyoubuytheredcoat？”→HeaskedTom________________buytheredcoat.⑫“What'swrongwithyou？”Lilyaskedme.→Lilyaskedme________________with________.

3.干脆引语变为间接引语时，人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词等都要发生相应的变更(1)人称的变更规则：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。干脆引语间接引语例句引述内容中的第一人称与主句主语的人称保持一样Hesays，“Ilikemathsverymuch.”→Hesaysthathelikesmathsverymuch.引述内容中的其次人称与主句宾语的人称保持一样HesaidtoLily，“Youmustgetupearly.”→HetoldLilythatshemustgetupearly.引述内容中的第三人称保持不变Shesaidtome，“Theywanttohelphim.”→Shetoldmethattheywantedtohelphim.(2)时态的变更规则主现从不限；主过从四过(即4种过去的时态：一般过去时；过去进行时；过去将来时；过去完成时)；客观真理，只用一般现在时。①主句是一般现在时，从句可保留原时态(随意时态均可)。②主句是过去时态，从句用相应的过去时态。即一般现在时改成一般过去时；现在进行时改成过去进行时；一般将来时改成过去将来时；一般过去时、现在完成时用过去完成时；过去完成时不变。Hesaid，“Hehasgonehome.”→Hesaidthathehadgonehome.③主句是过去时态，从句讲解并描述客观真理时，从句仍用一般现在时。Ourteachertoldus，“Themoonmovesroundtheearth.”→Ourteachertoldusthemoonmovesroundtheearth.(3)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和个别动词的变更干脆引语间接引语指示代词thisthesethatthose时间状语nowtodaytonightthisweekyesterdaythedaybeforeyesterdaylastweekthreedaysagotomorrownextweekthenthatdaythatnightthatweekthedaybeforetwodaysbeforetheweekbeforethreedaysbeforethenextday/thefollowingdaythenextweek/thefollowingweek地点状语herethere动词comebringgotake特殊留意干脆引语变为间接引语后，引述的话不用变更语序的状况有：,①当who为主语时，变为间接引语后语序为：who＋谓语＋其他。,②Whatisthematterwith...？和Whatiswrongwith...？,句式在间接引语中不变更语序。,Heaskedme，“Whatisthematterwithyou？”,→Heaskedmewhatwasthematterwithme.4．引述动词干脆引语为祈使句，变成间接引语时，要依据句意及说话人语气运用ask,order,tell,suggest,advise,beg,request,command,warn,remind等动词转述。①“Makesurethelightisoff，”shesaidtoherstudents.→Shetoldherstudentstomakesurethelightwasoff.②“Don'tcryanymore，”hesaidtohislittlebrother.→Heaskedhislittlebrothernottocryanymore.5．句式变更(1)干脆引语为Do型祈使句干脆引语中引述的原话为Do型祈使句，变为间接引语时，用“引述动词＋sb.＋to＋原祈使句内容”。常用的引述动词有ask，tell，order，command等。“Tom,stopplayingcomputergames！”saidMother.→MotherorderedTomtostopplayingcomputergames.(2)干脆引语为Don't型祈使句干脆引语中引述的原话为Don't型祈使句，变为间接引语时，用“引述动词＋sb.＋not＋to＋去掉Don't的原祈使句内容”。常用的引述动词有tell，warn，remind等。①Theteachersaid,“Don'tbelateagain,Lily.”→TheteachertoldLilynottobelateagain.②Tomsaid,“Don'tforgettobringthebooktome.”→Tomremindedmenottoforgettobringthebooktohim.(3)干脆引语为Let's型祈使句干脆引语中引述的原话为Let's型祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest＋动名词短语/that从句”或“advise＋sb.＋不定式短语/advise＋that从句”。Hesaid,“Let'sgotothetheatre.”→Hesuggestedgoingtothetheatre./Hesuggestedthatwe(should)gotothetheatre.特殊留意suggest(建议)和demand(要求)不能接sb.todosth.的结构，可以接thatsb.(should)dosth.来转述。干脆引语表示建议或劝说干脆引语中引述的原话为Wouldyoumind...?/Whydon'tyou...？/Whynot...?/Shallwe…？等表示建议、提议或劝说的句子，变为间接引语时，通常用ask/advisesb.todosth.,offertodosth.,suggestdoingsth.或suggest＋thatsb.(should)dosth.等。①“Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow？”heasked.→Heaskedmetoopenthewindow.②“Whydon'tyoutakeawalkaftersupper？”heasked.→Headvisedmetotakeawalkaftersupper.③“Shallwelistentothemusic？”heasked.→Hesuggestedlisteningtothemusic./Hesuggestedthatwe(should)listentothemusic.6．其他变更引述原话为祈使句的干脆引语转换成间接引语时，人称、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等的变更依据干脆引语是陈述句时转换成间接引语的方法进行相应变更。同时，干脆引语中假如有please，间接引语中须要省去。TheoldmansaidtoLily,“Pleasereadthelettertome.”→TheoldmanaskedLilytoreadthelettertohim.[即学即练2]将干脆引语转换成间接引语①“Shallwegotothecinematonight？”askedMichael.→________________________________________________________________________②“Whatabouthavingadrink？”heasked.→________________________________________________________________________③“Whydon'tyougoswimming？”askedJames.→________________________________________________________________________④Hesaid,“Wouldyoulikemetoposttheletter？”→________________________________________________________________________⑤“Willyoupleasebringyourreferencebookheretomorrow？”shesaidtome.→________________________________________________________________________⑥“Let'sgoforawalk，”saidthegirl.→________________________________________________________________________⑦“Don'tforgettoturnoffthelight，”saidourmonitor.→________________________________________________________________________⑧Thepolicemansaidtothethief,“Freeze！”→________________________________________________________________________Ⅰ.单词拼法(用本部分所学单词)1．Theriver________(流域)ishometothisrarespeciesoffish.2．Chinahasbeenpushingforwardwiththe________(改革)ofthewelfaresystemforthebenefitofallitscitizens.3．Asisknowntoall，abalanceddietand________(适度的)exerciseeverydayarebeneficialtohealth.4．ThepastweekmarkedChina'ssixth________(每年的)CybersecurityWeekheldfromSept.16to22nationwide.5．Vaccinedevelopmenttakesmonthsandevenyearsbecausethevaccinesmust________(经验)extensivetesting.6．Onlywhenwerealizetheimportanceofhelpingeachothercanwebedevotedtobuildinga________(和谐的)society.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Thereportonthehealthservicewassubmitted________thecommittee.2．Theyhavebeenworkinghardfordaysinsearch________abetterwaytosolvetheproblem.3．Plantsandanimalsaresensitive________changesinthechemistryoftheenvironment.4．Johnacceptedtheawardonbehalf________thewholeteam.Ⅲ.将下列干脆引语变为间接引语1．Shesaid,“Iamveryhappytohelpyou.”→________________________________________________________________________2．Heasked,“Whereareyoutogetoff,John？”→________________________________________________________________________3．“Youareadoctor,aren'tyou？”hesaid.→________________________________________________________________________4．Mysisteraskedme,“Howdoyoulikethefilm？”→________________________________________________________________________5．Shesaid,“DidyouwonderwhyIdidn'tcome？”→________________________________________________________________________6．Hesaidtome,“Whowillbringyoutotheoffice？”→________________________________________________________________________7．Shesaidtome,“Youwenttothepartylastnight,didn'tyou？”→________________________________________________________________________8．Momsaidtome,“Willyoufirsthavesupperorfinishyourhomework？”→________________________________________________________________________9．“Pleaseopenthewindow，”theteachersaidtoLiMing.→________________________________________________________________________10．“Don'tplaygamesintheclassroom，”themonitorsaidtous.→________________________________________________________________________11．Heasked,“Canyoudance,Rose？”→________________________________________________________________________12．Sheaskedme,“Whendoyourparentshavetheirbreakfast？”→________________________________________________________________________13．Lucysaid,“Iwillcomeheretomorrowtohelpthesestudentswiththeirphysics.”→________________________________________________________________________14．Sophiasaid,“Factsspeaklouderthanwords.”→________________________________________________________________________15．Hesaid,“Let'sleavetheluggageatthestation.”→________________________________________________________________________eq\x(温馨提示：请完成课时作业八)SectionⅡLearningAboutLanguageⅠ.核心词汇及拓展1．basin2.penguin3.implement4.moderate5.tropical6.jungle7.undergounderwentundergone8.annualannually9.reform10.chaos11.nuclear12.sensitiveⅡ.核心词汇讲解1．①insearchof②infavourof③inmemoryof④inneedof⑤inchargeof2．Onbehalfof[语法精释]即学即练1①hewas②toldhadseen③is④hadbefore⑤couldthere⑥askedif/whetherbefore⑦toldcould⑧howshehad⑨whereIhadthose⑩if/whetherIlived⑪whenhewould⑫whatwaswrongme即学即练2①Michaelsuggestedgoingtothecinematonight./Michaelsuggestedthatwe(should)go