中考英语专题专题十七完形填空-第3讲完形填空IsThatAll

专题十七完形填空第3讲IsThatAll?教学目标教学目标1.掌握本篇完形填空中出现的高频词及长难句。2.掌握完形填空的解题技巧，并能够指出本篇完形填空中运用到的解题技巧。3.通过完形填空高频词、长难句等语料的积累，及完形填空解题技巧的练习，灵活应对各种完形填空题。名师点拨名师点拨知识篇“巧妇难为无米之炊”，在英语学习的过程中，语料的积累至关重要。对于完形填空高频词和长难句的梳理，能够为我们今后的学习和提升打下良好的基础。亲爱的同学，老师已经为你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高频词和长难句，快来看看你掌握了吗？一、高频词【课前检测学生的词汇量储备,以教师提问的形式进行。具体使用中可以删去词义词性部分，给小例句提示。并标记出学生的实际掌握情况（优—良—差）】单词词性及词义示例备注掌握情况amazingadj.令人惊喜(奇)的anamazingachievement相关词：amaze;amazed;amazementholdv.1)抓住2)抱住3)举行4)坚持住holdhandsholdaChristmasEvepartyleavev.1)离开2)留下3)丢下leavinghintstomyparentsIleftmybagonthebus.disappointmentn.失望；遗憾相关词：disappointobviousadj.明显的It’sobviousthat…同义词：clearupsetv.使…烦恼adj.难过的Thatdecisionislikelytoupsetalotofpeople.Heisupsetaboutlosingthematch.unthankfuladj.不知感恩的anunthankfulperson“un”否定前缀，表示“不；未；非”如：unexpected;unable;unfair;unhappyunfortableadj.不舒服的unimportantadj.不重要的dishonestadj.不诚实的“dis”否定前缀，表示“不；非；相反的”如disagree;disappear;dislike相关词：honesty;honestimproperadj.不合适的Shorttrousersareimproperatadance.“im;in”否定前缀，表示“不；非；相反的”如:impolite;imperfect;inactive等uselessadj.无用的;无意义的It’suselesstoarguewithhim.“less”否定后缀，表示“没有；无”，如:helpless;hopeless;meaninglessrealizev.意识到；实现receivev.收到；招待HewasreceivedasanhonoredguestattheWhiteHouse.acceptv.接受相关词：acceptablefeelingn.感觉；想法；感情Ididn’tmeantohurtyourfeelings.nervousadj.紧张的failv.1)失败，未能做到2)衰退3)使失望Hereyesightisfailing.Whenhelosthisjob,hefelthefailedhisfamily.advicen.建议；意见相关词：advise;suggest;suggestionmeanv.意思是Idon’tknowwhatyoumean.expectv.期望相关词:expected;expectationmakeamistake犯错ThemomentIsaiditIknewIhadmadeamistake.二、长难句【课前检测学生的句型储备,以教师提问的形式进行。可以根据提示分析句子结构完成句子翻译。】1.Myparentsdidn'thavealotofmoneybuttheywerealwaysverygenerous（慷慨的）whenitcametogivingus31.结构分析：_______________________________________________________________本句含有“whenitesto(doing)sth”结构，表示“当谈及…；当提到…”句子翻译：_______________________________________________________________我的父母没有很多钱但是当谈及给我们______时，他们总是很慷慨的。仿句练习：说到教育，很多人认为它是一个终生学习的过程。________________________________________________________________________Whenitestoeducation,alotofpeoplethinkitisalifelongstudy.【拓展】写作中可以用“whenitesto...”引出话题，再用“somepeoplebelievethat...othersarguethat...”这个对立的结构引出了两种相反的观点。如：TV,agoodthingorbadthingWhenitestoTV,somepeoplebelievethatitisextremelyvaluable,asitprovidesrelaxation,entertainmentandeducation.Othersarguethatitisharmful,foritbeginstocontrolourlivesanddeprivespeopleoftimetodootheractivities.Thereisprobablysometruthinbothsides.Butwemustrealizethattelevisionitselfisneithergoodorbad.Itistheusestowhichitisputthatdeterminesitsvaluetosociety.2.IwassoupsetthatIdidn't35howunthankfulIsounded.结构分析：_______________________________________________________________本句含有“so…that…”结构表示“如此…以至于…”和“how”引导的宾语从句，how在这里理解为“多么”。句子翻译：_______________________________________________________________我是如此的难过以至于我没有______我（的话）听起来是多么的不知感恩。仿句练习：直到那时我才知道团队合作是多么的重要。_________________________________________________________________________UntilthenIstartedtoknowhowimportantteamworkis.3.…therewasnothingbutsilenceinthehouse.结构分析：_______________________________________________________________本句含有“…nothingbut…”结构表示“除了…其他什么都没有”，“but”这里是“除了”的意思。句子翻译：_______________________________________________________________房间里除了寂静什么都没有。仿句练习：除了时间我一无所有。________________________________________________________________________Ihavenothingbuttime.4.IstartedtorealizewhatastupidthingIhadsaid.结构分析：_______________________________________________________________本句含有what引导的宾语从句，what这里理解为“多么”。句子翻译：_______________________________________________________________我开始意识到我做了一件多么愚蠢的事。仿句练习：我开始意识到我拥有一个多么有意义的经历。_________________________________________________________________________IstartedtorealizewhatameaningfulexperienceIhad.5.NowIfeltevenworsethanbeforeIhadgotthebikebuthadshownmyfamilywhatanunthankfulpersonIactuallywas.结构分析：_______________________________________________________________本句含有一个比较级结构和what引导的宾语从句，what这里理解为“多么”。句子翻译：_______________________________________________________________现在我感觉比以前更糟糕——我虽然已经得到了自行车，却向我的家人展示出我实际上是一个多么不知感恩的人。仿句练习：我现在感觉比以前好多了虽然我浪费了一点时间，但是我意识到我做了一件非常有意义的事情。________________________________________________________________________NowIfeelmuchbetterthanbeforeIwastedsometimebutIrealizewhatameaningfulthingIhavedone.方法篇 “方法得当,事半功倍。”只有语料的积累，没有好方法的辅助也是不够的。对于完形填空解题方法的梳理，能够帮助我们更好地理解完形填空的命题逻辑，在有足够语料积累的基础上，能够帮助我们争取高分。亲爱的同学，老师已经为你精心整理了完形填空的解题技巧，快来看看你掌握了多少？一、完形填空解题步骤第一步通读全文，把握脉络跳过空格，速读全文，把握大意。注意文中的语篇关键词，和句中的连词，如but出现后就说明句子强调的重点是but后面的内容；再如代词it指代的定是前文的单数或者不可数名词。找到关键词可以帮助我们掌握文章的大概意思及其想要传达的寓意。第二步瞻前顾后，上下求索联系上下文，运用解题策略从句子、段落、语篇层面解题，抓住文章中的上下文线索词。【具体的解题策略会在下一部分详细描述】第三步再读文章，核查答案代入答案，再读全文，反复检查，争取做到：结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。二、完形填空解题策略方法方法一：词汇复现法解释“词汇复现”是指某一词汇以原词、词形变化(如protect和protection)、同义词/近义词(如road和trail)、反义词(如wrong和correct)、上下义词(上下义是指词的总结和分解关系，上义词是总称词，下义词是被包含的个体或种类。如adult是myfather的上义词；coat是clothes的下义词)等重复出现在语篇之中。例题例1：Heisverykindandfriendlytoothers.Becauseofhis___________,heisquitepopularwiththepeoplearoundhim.A.abilityB.honestyC.relationshipD.kindness【分析：通过上文“Heisverykindandfriendlytoothers”，由“kind”可知因为他的“善良友好”他很受欢迎。故选D。】例2：Theoldmantendstoforgetthingsfromtimetotime.Inotherwords,heismoreandmore_________.A.forgetfulB.unforgettableC.easygoingD.hardworking【分析：通过上文“Theoldmantendstoforgetthingsfromtimetotime”，由“forget”可知他越来越“健忘”。故选A。（forgetful“健忘的”，unforgettable“难忘的”。）】方法方法二：上下文推理法解释“上下文推理法”是指根据对上下文的语义和整个语篇的理解，进行适当的推理判断，因此需重点注意挖空处的上下文语境，判断清楚所要表达的含义。例题例：Whenwetalked,Idiscovered（发现）somedifferencesinschoollifebetweentheUSandChina.Forexample,eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS.Itisalittle__17__thanthatinChina.Weusuallyhavefortyminutesineachclass.17.A.shorterB.longerC.earlierD.later【分析：通过上文“eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS”和下文“Weusuallyhavefortyminutesineachclass.”可知美国每节课是50分钟，中国每节课是40分钟，根据上下文可以推断出美国的课时比中国的长，故选B。】方法方法三：逻辑推理法解释“逻辑推理法”是根据文章的逻辑关系（如因果、并列、让步、转折、时间顺序、目的、条件、选择等）进行适当的推理判断，因此需特别注意挖空处表示逻辑关系的连词（如and表并列，but和however表转折，so表因果，firstofall、then和finally表顺序等）。例题例1：MyyoungestcousinlikesChineseBeijingOperaverymuch,buthecan’tsing6.6.A.badly B.easily C.well D.excitedly【分析：通过上文“MyyoungestcousinlikesChineseBeijingOpera”和连词“but”，可以推断出前后存在转折关系，此处想要表达的含义是“喜欢但唱得不好”，故选C。】方法方法四：文化背景常识法解释“文化背景常识法”是指完形填空的文章内容往往与我们的文化生活、史地知识、生活科技等相关，有些内容是我们已经掌握的生活常识，答题时要充分调动相关知识帮助我们分析、推断。事实上，该技巧与“逻辑推断”常常交织在一起的，因为虽有背景常识，仍需简单推理。需注意中外文化的差异性，不能总是用中国人看问题的角度来看待其它国家发生的事情。例题例：Therearemanykindsofanimalsintheworld.Elephantsarethe1animalsthatliveonland.Onlysomekindsofwhales(鲸鱼)arebiggerthanelephants,buttheyliveinthe2.1.A.biggestB.smallestC.smallerD.bigger2.A.riverB.lakeC.seaD.forest【分析：第1题，众所周知：大象是陆地上最大的动物，故选A.biggest。第2题，众所周知：鲸鱼生活在大海里，故选C.sea。】方法方法五：固定搭配法解释完形填空以语境考查为主，但也有小部分题目考查语法知识、固定搭配和固定句型，解题过程中我们需要结合所学固定搭配选出正确答案。例题例1：Whentwopeopleareinaconversation,thespeakerwillonlylookatthelistenerfromtimetotime,inordertomakesurethatthelistenerdoespayattention13whatheorsheisspeaking…13.A.forB.ofC.withD.to【分析：考查固定短语“payattentionto注意”，故选D。】例2：…butwewererelaxedwhenwewerelyingonthebeach.We10somephotosthere.10.A.gotB.broughtC.boughtD.took【分析：考查固定短语“takephotos拍照”，故选D。】语篇精讲语篇精讲障碍阅读【遵循完形填空“先完意，后完形”的原则，指导学生在障碍阅读的前提下领悟文章的主要意思，防止学生理解跑偏】（东城二模）IsThatAll?ChristmaswasalwaysanamazingtimeinmyhomewhenIwasgrowingup.Myparentsdidn'thavealotofmoneybuttheywerealwaysverygenerous（慷慨的）whenitcametogivingus31.Infact,theydidn'tjustgivepresentstouschildren.EveryyeartheyheldaChristmasEvepartyandgaveallthekidsintheneighborhoodpresentsaswell.Oneyear,whenIwaseightyearsold,IwashopingthatIwould32abikeforChristmas.Imadeitclearbyleavinghints（暗示）tomyparentsineverywayIknew.OnChristmasmorning,however,whenwegottotheendofthepresentgiving,Iwasvery33.MylastpresentwasnotthebikeIhadhopedfor.Withoutthinkingcarefully,Isaid,“Isthatall?”ThemomentIsaiditIknewIhadmadeamistake.Thosewordswere34inanysituation.Myparentslookedunhappy,asmydisappointmentwasobvious.IwassoupsetthatIdidn't35howunthankfulIsounded.Mywholefamilyfeltveryunfortable.Forafewmomentstherewasnothingbutsilenceinthehouse.IstartedtorealizewhatastupidthingIhadsaid.Aftermyparentsworkedsohard,howcouldI36thatIdidnotreceiveabikewhenIhadreceivedsomanyotherthings?Thenmyfathergotupandwentoutsidethelivingroomtothehallway.Hecamebackwiththebicyclethattheyhad37togivemeafteralltheotherpresentsweregiven.NowIfeltevenworsethanbeforeIhadgotthebikebuthadshownmyfamilywhatanunthankfulpersonIactuallywas.HowcouldIeverenjoythebikeafterthat?Myparentswereverywisepeopleandtheyknewhowto38this.TheytoldmetothinkabouthowIfeltatthemomentIreceivedthebike.TheytoldmetorememberthatfeelingsothatIwouldneverrepeatthat39andfeelthatwayagain.Foryearsafterthat,attheendofallthepresentgiving,myfatherwouldaskmewhatIhadtosaytoeveryone.Ithadbeeafamilyjoke.Iwouldalwayssay,“Isthatall?”ButwhatIreally40was“Thankssomuch.”Andeveryoneknewthat.文章大意为______________________________________________________________________________________（只给出关键词即可）参考关键词：Christmas；present；bike;unthankful参考答案：OneChristmas,thewriterdidn’tgetthebikehewanted.Thoughhisparentsgavehimmanypresentshefeltsadandsaid“Isthatall?”,whichshowedthathewasunthankful.Actuallyhisparentspreparedtogivehimthebike.Thoughhegotthebikeatlast,hefeltevenworse.Throughthisexperienceheknewheshouldbethankful.【注：程度比较好的学生可以进行无选项填空训练】语篇练习话题体裁词数建议用时实际用时正确率难度人物故事类记叙文4081215分钟__/10（东城二模）IsThatAll?ChristmaswasalwaysanamazingtimeinmyhomewhenIwasgrowingup.Myparentsdidn'thavealotofmoneybuttheywerealwaysverygenerous（慷慨的）whenitcametogivingus31.Infact,theydidn'tjustgivepresentstouschildren.EveryyeartheyheldaChristmasEvepartyandgaveallthekidsintheneighborhoodpresentsaswell.Oneyear,whenIwaseightyearsold,IwashopingthatIwould32abikeforChristmas.Imadeitclearbyleavinghints（暗示）tomyparentsineverywayIknew.OnChristmasmorning,however,whenwegottotheendofthepresentgiving,Iwasvery33.MylastpresentwasnotthebikeIhadhopedfor.Withoutthinkingcarefully,Isaid,“Isthatall?”ThemomentIsaiditIknewIhadmadeamistake.Thosewordswere34inanysituation.Myparentslookedunhappy,asmydisappointmentwasobvious.IwassoupsetthatIdidn't35howunthankfulIsounded.Mywholefamilyfeltveryunfortable.Forafewmomentstherewasnothingbutsilenceinthehouse.IstartedtorealizewhatastupidthingIhadsaid.Aftermyparentsworkedsohard,howcouldI36thatIdidnotreceiveabikewhenIhadreceivedsomanyotherthings?Thenmyfathergotupandwentoutsidethelivingroomtothehallway.Hecamebackwiththebicyclethattheyhad37togivemeafteralltheotherpresentsweregiven.NowIfeltevenworsethanbeforeIhadgotthebikebuthadshownmyfamilywhatanunthankfulpersonIactuallywas.HowcouldIeverenjoythebikeafterthat?Myparentswereverywisepeopleandtheyknewhowto38this.TheytoldmetothinkabouthowIfeltatthemomentIreceivedthebike.TheytoldmetorememberthatfeelingsothatIwouldneverrepeatthat39andfeelthatwayagain.Foryearsafterthat,attheendofallthepresentgiving,myfatherwouldaskmewhatIhadtosaytoeveryone.Ithadbeeafamilyjoke.Iwouldalwayssay,“Isthatall?”ButwhatIreally40was“Thankssomuch.”Andeveryoneknewthat.31.A.wishes B.lessons C.presents D.greetings32.A.give B.make C.buy D.get33.A.upset B.afraid C.nervous D.serious34.A.useless B.improper C.dishonest D.unimportant35.A.ask B.wonder C.realize D.remember36.A.notice B.believe C.understand D.plain37.A.refused B.planned C.failed D.forgotten38.A.solve B.prove C.accept D.explain39.A.question B.joke C.mistake D.advice40.A.heard B.meant C.answered D.expected语篇精讲：参考答案：31—35CDABC36—40DBACB文章大意：本篇文章讲述一年圣诞节作者想要得到一辆自行车，虽然父母给了他很多其他的礼物，但是他还是感到很失望，意为父母不会送他自行车了，所以就发脾气说“这就完了？”。其实他父母早就准备好了自行车，只是还没来得及送出，通过这件事作者明白了要懂得感恩。答案解析：31.通过下文“Infact,theydidn'tjustgivepresentstouschildren.”可知父母很大方地送他们礼物，故选C。32.结合后文提示“NowIfeltevenworsethanbeforeIhadgotthebikebut…”和语境提示，作者想在圣诞节得到一个自行车做礼物。33.通过下文“MylastpresentwasnotthebikeIhadhopedfor.”得知作者没有得到一直希望的自行车，因此可以推断出他是难过的，故选A。34.通过上文“ThemomentIsaiditIknewIhadmadeamistake.”和下文“Myparentslookedunhappy”得知作者知道自己犯了个错误和作者的父母当时很不高兴，可以推断出作者的那些话是不恰当的，故选B。35.通过下文“IstartedtorealizewhatastupidthingIhadsaid.”可知之前由于他太难过，没有意识到这么说显得很不知道感恩，故选C。36.通过上文“Aftermyparentsworkedsohard,…”和下文“whenIhadreceivedsomanyotherthings?”，再结合生活常识：父母工作如此辛苦，而且又收到那么多的礼物后，没有收到自行车我怎么还能抱怨呢，故选D。37.通过上文“Hecamebackwiththebicycle”和下文“…afteralltheotherpresentsweregiven”可知父母其实已经准备好了自行车，因此可以推断出父母打算给了作者其他礼物后再给他自行车。38.通过上文“Myparentswereverywisepeople”和下文他们教会我的道理，可以推断出他们知道如何解决这样的情况，故选A。39.通过前文“ThemomentIsaiditIknewIhadmadeamistake.”，可知再也不要重复这样的错误，故选C。40.通过上文“Iwouldalwayssay,“Isthatall?””，转折连词“but”和下文““Thankssomuch.””，可以推断出此处表示“我真正的意思是‘非常感谢’”，故选B。精讲笔记【学生在教师的指导下，回顾本讲中积累的完形填空的知识和方法】语篇中积累的词汇【至少掌握10个】单词词性及词义单词的运用（鼓励学生用所学词汇造句）realize…语篇中的学到的方法【根据具体教学情况归纳总结】【至少掌握2个】方法一：词汇复现法如：本篇文章中的31.(presents)…方法二：上下文推理法方法三：逻辑推理法方法四：文化背景常识法方法五：固定搭配法能力提升能力提升基础过关一、词汇/短语翻译单词词性、词义备注1___________adj.令人惊喜(奇)的2___________v.1)抓住2)抱住3)_______翻译：holdaChristmasEveparty3leavev.1)离开2)_______3)_______翻译：leavinghintstomyparentsIleftmybagonthebus.4___________n.失望；遗憾5___________adj.明显的翻译：我的失望是很明显的。6upsetv.使…烦恼adj.___________7unthankful___________“un”前缀，表示“___________”unexpected:___________;unhappy:___________8unfortable___________9unimportant___________10dishonest___________“dis”前缀，表示“___________”disagree:________dislike:_________11improper___________“im;in”前缀，表示“___________”impolite:________inactive:________12useless___________“less”后缀，表示“___________”helpless:________hopeless:________13___________v.意识到；实现14___________v.收到；招待翻译：HewasreceivedasanhonoredguestattheWhiteHouse.15___________v.接受猜测词义：acceptable___________16___________n.感觉；想法；感情17___________adj.紧张的18failv.1)失败，未能做到2)___________3)___________翻译：Hereyesightisfailing.Whenhelosthisjob,hefelthefailedhisfamily.19___________n.建议；意见20___________v.意思是翻译：我不知道你的意思________________________________21___________v.期望22makeamistake___________二、句子翻译1.我的父母没有很多钱但是当谈及给我们礼物时，他们总是很慷慨的。_____________________________________________________________________________________2.我是如此的难过以至于我没有意识到我（的话）听起来是多么的不知感恩。_____________________________________________________________________________________3.房间里除了寂静什么都没有。_____________________________________________________________________________________4.我开始意识到我做了一件多么愚蠢的事。_____________________________________________________________________________________5.现在我感觉比以前更糟糕——我虽然已经得到了自行车，却向我的家人展示出我实际上是一个多么不知感恩的人。_____________________________________________________________________________________6.我真正的意思是“非常感谢”。_____________________________________________________________________________________完形练习（东城二模）Lastsummervacation,mybrothergotasetofbedroomfurnitureforhisthirteenthbirthday.Whenitarrived,Ihelpedmyparentsmovethe31furnituretothegarage(车库).Itwasstillingoodcondition.Ithoughtitmightbeachanceforusto32someoneinourmunity.Istartedtosearchforneighbors,friends,anyonewho33abedroomset.Finally,mymomhelpedmecallthelocalelementaryschool.TheytoldmeaboutJaila,asecondgrader,thedaughterofapoorsinglemother.Iwasgivenanaddressandatelephonenumber,andIsoonfoundmyselfatJaila's.ThemomentIwentintoJaila'sroom,IknewIhadtakenontoobiga34

.WhenIpushedtheolddooropen,itmadealonghighnoise.Butthedoorwasnothingparedwiththerestoftheroom.Someoldpaintwas35

thewall.Oneofthewindowswasbroken.Thebedwasjustamattress(床垫)lyingontheoldcarpet(地毯).Itseemedthattheroomneededmorethanfurniture—it36

forapletemakeover.ThatdayIspentatleastanhourlookingaroundandwonderinghowIcouldpossibly37

theroom.Ihadneverpaintedawall,letalonerecarpetedafloor.Thesecondday,Ireturnedwithalargegroupof38

—myGirlScouttroop.Wewenttocollecteverythingneededdoortodoorinourmunity.Wereplaced,repainted,andredecoratedJaila'sroom.WesweatedinJaila'shouseformorethantenhourseverydaythatweek.Themomentwefinished,wecalledJailaintotheroom.Shejumped,laughedandhuggedeachofus.IturnedtoJaila'smother,andsawshehadtearsrunningdownherface."Anna,"Jailacalledmyname39

."Yes?""Weletomynewroom!"WhenwesawhowhappyJailaandhermotherwere,our40

disappearedintothinair.Wearereallyproudtomakeasimpledonationaworthwhileexperienceofchangingsomeone'slife.31.A.only B.old