卷5-备战2025年高考英语【名校地市好题必刷】全真模拟卷（新高考专用）第一辑（解析版）

备战2025年高考英语【名校地市好题必刷】全真模拟卷（新高考专用）第一模拟（本卷共3部分，满分120分，考试用时90分钟）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（2021·山东烟台高三适应性考试）AAnisfield-WolfBookAwardsTheAnisfield-WolfBookAwardsrecognizesoutstandingworksthatcontributetoourunderstandingofculturaldiversity.Awardsaregivenforfiction,poetryandnonfiction.Submissionsofbookspublishedin2019arenowclosed.Forbookspublishedthisyear,thesubmissionperiodbeginsSeptember1andthedeadlineisDecember31,2020.Thewinnersareannouncedinthespring,whowillreceive$10,000fromtheAnisfield-Wolffund.Tosubmitabookforconsideration,sendfivecopieswithacompletedcopyoftheEntryFormto:1422EuclidAvenue,Suite1300,Cleveland,OH44115.Uponreceipt,thebookswillbeforwardedtothejury.AllsubmittedmaterialsbecomethepropertyoftheAnisfield-WolfBookAwardsandwillnotbereturned.Noelectronicsubmissionsofanauthor’sworkofanykindareaccepted.Eligibility(参赛资格)•BooksmustbewritteninEnglishandpublishedandcopyrightedin2020tobeeligibleforthe2021prize.•Awardsaregiveninfiction,poetryandnonfiction.•Confirmationofdeliveryreceiptisprovided.ThefollowingareNOTeligibleforconsideration:•Plays•Worksinprogress•Electronicallypublishedore-books•Self-publishedworks1.WhatisthepurposeofAnisfield-WolfBookAwards?A.Topromoteculturalexchange. B.Tocollectnewbooksforcharities.C.Toencouragemorepeopletowrite. D.ToadvertisetheAnisfield-Wolffund.2.Whatisarequirementforthesubmission?A.Registeringonsite. B.Sendingfivecopiesofabook.C.Translatingtheentry. D.Payingthecontestfee.3.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?A.AbookwritteninEnglish. B.Anentrypublishedin2020.C.Thesubmissionofanunfinishedbook. D.Theprovisionofthebook’sdeliveryreceipt.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【语篇解析】这是一篇应用文。本文是一篇关于图书奖的通告。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段首句“TheAnisfield-WolfBookAwardsrecognizesoutstandingworksthatcontributetoourunderstandingofculturaldiversity.（安斯菲尔德-沃尔夫图书奖表彰那些有助于我们理解文化多样性的杰出作品。）”可知，图书奖的目的是要促进多元文化的了解。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Tosubmitabookforconsideration,sendfivecopieswithacompletedcopyoftheEntryFormto…（提交一本书考虑，发送五份副本与一份完整的报名表到……）可知，参赛的作者需要提供同一本书的五册。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据ThefollowingareNOTeligibleforconsideration中的“Worksinprogress（在进展中的作品）”可知，提交未完成的作品会导致失去参赛资格。故选C。（2021·山东潍坊一模）BThePomodorotechniqueisprobablyoneofthemostpowerfultechniquesinalloflearning.Allyouhavetodoissetatimerfor25minutes,andthenjustfocusasattentivelyasyoucanforthose25minutes.Nowifyoustartfocusingonandyou’reworkingon,andthenyoulookupatthetimerandtwominuteshavepassed.Youmayfeellikeyoucan’tholdon.Andjustletthethoughtgoby,andreturnyourfocustowhateveryouareworkingon.Andwhenthat25minutesisupyourelaxalittlebit.Youmightwonderwhythat25minutesisthemagicnumber,andtherealityiswedon’treallyknow.There’snotalotofresearchonthePomodorotechnique,whichissurprisingbecauseit’ssoincrediblypopularandpeoplefinditveryuseful.Butthere’saninterestingtidbitrelatedtothePomodorotechnique,andthatisthat:whenyoujustthinkaboutsomethingthatyoudon’tlikeverymuch,itstimulatesapartofthebrainthatexperiencespain.Andsothebrainnaturallyenoughshiftsitsattentiontosomethingelse,likeFacebookorTwitterorsomethinglikethat.AndwhatthePomodorotechniquedoes,whenyoudoityou’resettingthattimer.Youdon’twanttositthereandthink,“I’mgoingtoworkonthisproblemandgetitallfinished.Youjustwanttothink,I’vegot25minuteswhereIjusthavetoworkonsomething.”Don’teventhinkaboutwhatthatsomethingis.Whatthatdoesisitslipsinunderyourbrain’sradar.Itdoesn’tstimulatesomuchthatpaininyourbrain;andthenthatpaininthebrain,researchhasshown,lastsfor20minutes.Soifyouworkfor25minutesyouwillsuddenlyfindyourselfgettingintotheflowbecauseyou’vegonepastthatpainfulperiod.SothePomodorotechniqueiseffectiveinmanydifferentaspects.4.WhichisanexampleofusingthePomodorotechnique?A.Readinganovelfor25minutes.B.Spending25minutesscanningWeChat.C.Settingatimerfor25minutestodoatoughtask.D.Attendingalecturefor25minuteswithtwominds.5.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthePomodorotechniquefromparagraph2?A.Thefirsttwominutesisvital. B.25minutesisamagicnumber.C.Moreresearchisaroundthecorner. D.Youmaygetdiscouragedwhenusingit.6.Whyisthetidbitmentionedinparagraph3?A.TofurtherexplainthePomodorotechnique.B.ToarouseinterestinthePomodorotechnique.C.TohighlighthowtousethePomodorotechnique.D.ToprovetheeffectivenessofthePomodorotechnique.7.HowdoesthePomodorotechniquework?AItboostsyourconcentration. B.Ithelpsyourmindgofaster.C.Iturgesyoutofinishyourwork. D.Itshortensthepaintimeinyourbrain.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.A【语篇解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为“番茄工作法”的时间管理方法，方法需要设置一个25分钟的计时器，然后尽可能专注地度过这25分钟。这一方法可以提高人的注意力，因而十分有效。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Allyouhavetodoissetatimerfor25minutes,andthenjustfocusasattentivelyasyoucanforthose25minutes.(你所要做的就是设置一个25分钟的计时器，然后尽可能专注地度过这25分钟)”可知，C选项“设置一个25分钟的计时器来完成一项艰巨的任务”是使用番茄工作法的例子。故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Nowifyoustartfocusingonandyou'reworkingon,andthenyoulookupatthetimerandtwominuteshavepassed.Youmayfeellikeyoucan'tholdon.(现在，如果你开始专注于工作，然后你抬头看计时器，两分钟过去了。你可能会觉得自己撑不住了)”可推知，你可能会在使用番茄工作法时，感到沮丧。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Butthere'saninterestingtidbitrelatedtothePomodorotechnique,andthatisthat:whenyoujustthinkaboutsomethingthatyoudon'tlikeverymuch,itstimulatesapartofthebrainthatexperiencespain.Andsothebrainnaturallyenoughshiftsitsattentiontosomethingelse,likeFacebookorTwitterorsomethinglikethat.(但有一个与番茄工作法有关的有趣的小插曲，那就是：当你只是想一些你不太喜欢的东西时，它会刺激大脑中经历疼痛的部分。所以大脑会很自然地将注意力转移到其他东西上，比如Facebook或Twitter之类的)”可推知，第三段提到这个小插曲是为了进一步解释番茄工作法。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Andjustletthethoughtgoby,andreturnyourfocustowhateveryouareworkingon.(让这些想法过去吧，把注意力重新集中到你正在做的事情上)”以及倒数第二段中“Don'teventhinkaboutwhatthatsomethingis.Whatthatdoesisitslipsinunderyourbrain'sradar.Itdoesn'tstimulatesomuchthatpaininyourbrain;andthenthatpaininthebrain,researchhasshown,lastsfor20minutes.(想都别想那是什么事情。它的作用是在你大脑的雷达下潜入。它不会刺激到你的大脑疼痛；研究表明，大脑的疼痛会持续20分钟)”以及最后一段“Soifyouworkfor25minutesyouwillsuddenlyfindyourselfgettingintotheflowbecauseyou'vegonepastthatpainfulperiod.SothePomodorotechniqueiseffectiveinmanydifferentaspects.(所以如果你工作25分钟，你会突然发现自己进入了心流状态，因为你已经度过了那段痛苦的时期。所以番茄工作法在很多方面都很有效)”可推知，番茄工作法通过提高你的注意力来起作用。故选A。（2021·山东临沂高三学科素养检测）CManyEuropeancountrieshavebeenmakingtheshifttoelectricvehiclesandGermanyhasjuststatedthattheyplantobanthesaleofvehiclesusinggasolineanddieselasfuelby2030.Thecountryisalsoplanningtoreduceitscarbonfootprintby80-95%by2050,sparkingashifttogreenenergyinthecountry.Effectively,thebanwillincludetheregistrationofnewcarsinthecountryastheywillnotallowanygasolinepoweredvehicletoberegisteredafter2030.Partofthereasonwhythisbanisbeingdiscussedandcarriedoutisthatenergyofficialsseethattheywillnotreachtheiremissions（排放）goalsby2050iftheydonotreducealargeportionofvehicleemissions.Thecountryisstillhopefulthatitwillmeetitsemissionsgoals,likereducingemissionsby40%by2020,buttheacceptanceofelectriccarsinthecountryhasnotoccurredasfastasexpected.Othereffortstoincreasetheuseofelectricvehiclesincludeplanstobuildover1millionhybrid（混合的）andelectriccarbatterychargingstationsacrossthecountry.By2030,Germanyplansonhavingover6millionchargingstationsinstalled.AccordingtotheInternationalBusinessTimes,electriccarsalesareexpectedtoincreaseasVolkswagenisstillrecoveringfromitsemissionsscandal.Therearecurrentlyaround155,000registeredhybridandelectricvehiclesonGermanroads,dwarfed（使相形见绌）bythe45milliongasolineanddieselcarsdrivingtherenow.Ascountriescontinuesettinggoalsofreducingemissions,greaterstepsneedtobetakentohaveanoticeableeffectonthesurroundingenvironment.Whiletheeffortsarecertainlynotinvain,theresultsofsuchbanswilllikelyonlystarttobeseenbygenerationsdowntheline,betteringtheworldforthefuture.8.Thebanisunderdiscussionandineffectpartlybecause.A.Germansdon’tacceptelectriccars.B.vehicleemissionswon’tbegotridof.C.vehicleemissionspreventemissionsgoalsbeingreached.D.ElectriccarsmayslowdownGermany’seconomicgrowth.9.Whatwillhappenafter2030accordingtotheban?A.Gasolinepoweredvehiclecan’tberegistered.B.Newcarswon’tbeallowedtoberegistered.C.Dieselpoweredvehiclecan'tberegistered.D.Gasolinepoweredvehiclewon’tbeallowedtodrive.10.Thefutureofelectriccarswillbe.A.impossible B.promising C.impractical D.unpredictable11.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Thedevelopmentofindustry B.GermanyshiftstowardgreenenergyC.EnvironmentalprotectioninGermany D.Thebanonthedrivingofgasolinevehicles【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.B【语篇解析】本文是一篇说明文。许多欧洲国家已经开始转向电动汽车，德国计划到2030年禁止销售使用以汽油和柴油作为燃料的汽车。减排目标的制定和实施需要采取更大的强有力的措施。虽然这些努力肯定不会白费，但这种禁令的结果很可能只会在以后几代人中开始看到，从而改善未来的世界。【8题详解】细节理解题。本题题干意为：这一禁令正在讨论中，并且正在生效，部分原因是什么？根据文章第二段“Partofthereasonwhythisbanisbeingdiscussedandcarriedoutisthatenergyofficialsseethattheywillnotreachtheiremissions（排放）goalsby2050iftheydonotreducealargeportionofvehicleemissions.”这项禁令被讨论和实施的部分原因是，能源官员看到，如果他们不减少很大一部分的汽车排放，他们将无法在2050年达到他们的排放目标。可知，很大的一部分的原因是他们将不会达到他们的排放目标。故C项：vehicleemissionspreventemissionsgoalsbeingreached.汽车排放阻碍了排放目标的实现。符合题意。故答案为C。【9题详解】细节理解题。本题题干意为：根据这项禁令，2030年后会发生什么?根据文章第二段”Effectively,thebanwillincludetheregistrationofnewcarsinthecountryastheywillnotallowanygasolinepoweredvehicletoberegisteredafter2030.”（实际上，这项禁令将包括在这个国家的新车登记，因为2030年后将不允许任何以汽油为动力的车辆登记。可知，汽油动力车在2030年后不能登记。）故答案为A。【10题详解】推理判断题。本题题干意为：电动汽车的未来将是。根据文章最后一段Whiletheeffortsarecertainlynotinvain,theresultsofsuchbanswilllikelyonlystarttobeseenbygenerationsdowntheline,betteringtheworldforthefuture.虽然这些努力肯定不会白费，但这种禁令的结果很可能只会在以后几代人中开始看到，从而改善未来的世界。可知电动汽车的未来是很有希望的。故答案为B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。本题题干意为：这篇文章最好的标题是什么?第一段提出话题（德国计划在2030年前禁止销售使用汽油和柴油作为燃料的车辆。）并且文章主要围绕这一话题展开，说明了德国转向绿色能源并制定和实施相应的减排目标，可知B项：Germanyshiftstowardgreenenergy德国转向绿色能源。符合题意。故答案为B。（2021·山西浑源高三模拟检测）DAntoinedeSaint-ExupérywasaFrenchwriterandpilotwhousedhislifeexperiencestowritehispublications.TheLittlePrinceisoneofhismostfamousbooks,sellingabout140millioncopiesworldwide,whichmakesitoneofthebest-sellingandmosttranslatedbookseverpublished.BorninLyon,Francein1900,Saint-Exupéry’sfamilywasfilledwithnobility.HisfatherwasamanagerofaninsurancecompanywhodiedwhenSaint-Exupérywasveryyoung.In1915,Saint-ExupéryjoinedahighschoolinSwitzerland.Duetohispoorperformanceinclass,Saint-Exupérydidn’tgraduatefromtheboardingschoolin1917.Saint-ExupérytwicetriedtoapplyfortheFrenchNavyCadetSchool.However,bothtimeshefailedtheentrytest.Finally,hewenttoalocalcollegetostudyarchitecture.Again,duetopoorgrades,hedidn’tcompletehisstudy.In1921,Saint-ExupérydecidedtojointheFrencharmyasasoldier.HetrainedasapilotandmadehisfirstsoloflightinJulyofthatyear.Thenextyear,afterheobtainedhislicence,hewasaskedtotransfertotheairforce.However,hisfiancee（未婚妻）andherfamilybelievedthatjoiningtheairforcemeansmeetinglotsofrisks.Inthatcase,theywereagainstthisstayinginthemilitary.Finally,Saint-Exupérygaveintothemandleftthemilitary.LaterhetookanofficejobinParis.Ashehaddifficultysettingonacareerpath,Saint-Exupérybegantoflyasapilotagainin1926.ItturnedoutthathewasasuccessfulpilotandmadegreatcontributionstohiscountryduringWorldWarⅡ.Saint-Exupéry’slastflightwason31July,1944.HeleftonawartimemissionoveroccupiedFrance,fromwhichhewasneverseenagain.Saint-ExupérywashonouredbytheFrenchinFranceandtheFrenchregionofQuebec,Canada.Hisportraitsappearedonthe50-francnotesbeforetheintroductionoftheeuroinFrance.InLyon,hisbirthplace,thecity’sinternationalairportwasnamedafterhim.12．WhatdoweknowaboutTheLittlePrince?A．Itisacopytranslatedfromanotherwork.B．Ithasbeenabighitsinceitwaspublished.C．Itisaboutthebusinessoftheauthor’sfather.D．Itisabouttheauthor’sviewonrichfamilylife.13．WhydidSaint-Exupérytakeanofficejob?A．Heperformedbadlyatschool.B．Hedidpoorlyinhisentryexam.C．Themilitary’sofficerefusedhisapplication.D．Hisfiancee’sfamilyobjectedtohisstayingintheairforce.14．WhyisLyon’sairportnamedafterSaint-Exupéry?A．Tocelebratehissuccess. B．Torememberhisfirstflight.C．Toshowgreatrespectforhim. D．Tointroducehimtotheworld.15．Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A．Adiary. B．Aguidebook.C．Anovel. D．Amagazine.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.D【语篇分析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了《小王子》作者法国人Saint-Exupery(圣埃克苏佩里)一生的经历。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“TheLittlePrinceisoneofhismostfamousbooks,sellingabout140millioncopiesworldwide,whichmakesitoneofthebest-sellingandmosttranslatedbookseverpublished.(《小王子》是他最著名的书之一，全球销量约为1.4亿册，是有史以来最畅销、翻译次数最多的书之一)”可知，这本书出版后获得了巨大的成功，故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“However,hisfiancee（未婚妻）andherfamilybelievedthatjoiningtheairforcemeansmeetinglotsofrisks.Inthatcase,theywereagainstthisstayinginthemilitary.Finally,Saint-Exupérygaveintothemandleftthemilitary.LaterhetookanofficejobinParis.(然而，他的未婚妻和她的家人认为，加入空军意味着要面临很多风险。在那种情况下，他们反对留在军队里。最后，Saint-Exupéry屈服于他们，离开了军队。后来，他在巴黎做了一份办公室工作)”可知，因为Saint-Exupery的未婚妻和她的家人都反对他当飞行员，认为这很危险。因此他做出了让步并离开了军队，后来从事了办公室工作。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Saint-ExupérywashonouredbytheFrenchinFranceandtheFrenchregionofQuebec,Canada.Hisportraitsappearedonthe50-francnotesbeforetheintroductionoftheeuroinFrance.InLyon,hisbirthplace,thecity’sinternationalairportwasnamedafterhim.(Saint-Exupéry受到法国和加拿大魁北克地区的尊敬。他的肖像画出现在欧元引入法国之前的50法郎的纸币上。在他的出生地里昂，该市的国际机场也以他的名字命名)”可知，法国和加拿大魁北克法语区的人们纪念Saint-Exupery。由此可以推断里昂市的机场以他的名字命名是为了表示对他的尊敬。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“AntoinedeSaint-ExupérywasaFrenchwriterandpilotwhousedhislifeexperiencestowritehispublications.(AntoinedeSaint-Exupéry法国作家和飞行员，他利用自己的生活经历撰写著作。)”，第二段的“In1915,Saint-ExupéryjoinedahighschoolinSwitzerland.(1915年，Saint-Exupéry就读于瑞士的一所高中)”以及下文内容可推断，文章主要讲述了Saint-Exupéry的生平，因此推断文章最有可能来自杂志。故选D项。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项（2021·山东济南高三十一学校联考）TheSimpleTrickCanHelpYouSleepForthosewhocan’tsleepeasily,prepareforthebestnight’ssleepever.Nomoretossingandturningintotheearlyhoursofthemorning.NomorecountingsheeponSundayevenings.Andnomorelying,wide-eyed,inthedarkafterwakingupinthemiddleofthenight.16Thisall-naturalsolutioniscalledthe4-7-8method,andyes,it’sassimpleasitsounds.First,getsettledintoacomfortablepositiononyourbed.Then,simplybreatheinairthroughyournoseforfourseconds,holdyourbreathforsevenseconds,andthenbreathetheairoutslowlythroughyourmouthforeightmoreseconds.17That’sallthereistoit!Don’tbelieveus?JustaskHarvard-educatedmedicaldoctorAndrewWeil,whoadoptedthisexercisefromacenturies-longIndianyogimeditationpractice.Theyogisusethismethodtoachieveastateofcompleterelaxation,reducingstressandanxiety.Slowingdownyourbreathingforcestherhythmofyourhearttoslowdown,too.18Inotherwords,it’sanaturalwaytomakeyoucalmforyourbodyandmind.“Thetheoryisthatbyputtingcertainrhythmsonthebreathwithyourvoluntarysystem,graduallythesearemadeintotheinvoluntarynervoussystem,”hesaid.19Soit'stheregularityofdoingthisoveraperiodofweeks,months,yearsthatproducesthechangesthatyouwant.”Thereyougo!20Ifyou’restilltossingandturning,don’tmissthesetipsfromsleepdoctorswhicharealmostguaranteedtogiveyouabetternight’ssleep.A.Andthatcomeswithtime.B.Finally,repeatuntilyoufallasleep.C.Itmakestherestofyourbodyrelax.D.Thatenablesyoutofallasleepmoreeasily.E.Herecomestheexplanationforyoursleeplessnights.F.Onceyoustartstickingtoit,youcanquitcountingsheepforgood.G.There'snowaneasyandexpert-approvedwaytofallasleepinlessthanaminute.【答案】16.G17.B18.C19.A20.F【语篇解析】这是一篇说明文。本文作者提出了一个可以简单改善睡眠的方法。【16题详解】根据划线前句“Andnomorelying,wide-eyed,inthedarkafterwakingupinthemiddleofthenight.(再也不用躺着，睁大眼睛，在半夜醒来后的黑暗中)”可知，对于晚上睡不好觉的问题，作者认为已经找到了解决方案了。G项“现在有一种简单且经专家认可的方法可以让你在一分钟内入睡。”正是为前句暗指的解决方案。同时G项中的“aneasyandexpert-approvedwaytofallasleep”指代的后文中提及的“Thisall-naturalsolutioniscalledthe4-7-8method.(这种纯天然的解决方法被称为4-7-8法)”。故选G项。【17题详解】根据划线前句提及“Then,simplybreatheinairthroughyournoseforfourseconds,holdyourbreathforsevenseconds,andthenbreathetheairoutslowlythroughyourmouthforeightmoreseconds.(然后，简单地用鼻子吸气4秒，屏住呼吸7秒，然后再用嘴慢慢地呼气8秒)”可知，此处在阐述前文提及的4-7-8助眠法。根据前文已提及“First,…..”和“Then,…..”可知，此处应表示最后一步应该如何做。因此B项“最后，重复直到你睡着。”切题。故选B项。【18题详解】根据划线前句提及“Slowingdownyourbreathingforcestherhythmofyourhearttoslowdown,too.(放慢你的呼吸也会迫使你的心跳节奏放慢)”可知，放慢呼吸能让你的心跳节奏也放慢。通过这种方式可以让你全身放松。C项“它使你身体的其他部分放松。”中的It指代前文提及的“放慢呼吸和心跳节奏放慢”，同时C项又是前句的结果。故选C项。【19题详解】根据划线后文“Soit'stheregularityofdoingthisoveraperiodofweeks,months,yearsthatproducesthechangesthatyouwant.(因此，在数周，数月，数年的时间内进行此操作的规律性会产生你想要的更改)”可知，进行此助眠法需要时间的练习。因此A项“这是随着时间的推移而来的。”是对后句的内容进行总结，和后句内容构成前后因果关系。故选A项。【20题详解】根据划线前句“Thereyougo!(这下你会懂的)”可知，作者建议读者可以试试这种方法来改善自己的睡眠。F项“一旦您开始坚持下去，就可以永远不再数羊了。”再次强调坚持这种助眠法的好处。前后句进一步推荐睡眠有问题的人可以尝试这种助眠法来改善睡眠。故选F项。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（2021·广东新高考高三省级联考）DebraFerrellgotthestandardwellwishesonFacebookonher53rdbirthday,butshegotsome21messagestoo.OnewasaboutafamilyinMinnesotawhohadjustlosttheirfour-year-oldsontocancer.Hisolderbrother,autistic(自闭症)andnonverbal,wasespecially22.CouldFerrellhelp?Thatmessageandthe30orsootherslikeitwere23whatFerrellwaslookingfor.Shereallywantedto2453randomactsofkindnessbytheendofherbirthmonth,andsheneededinformationonpeoplewhocould25one.Whenshegotthe26abouttheMinnesotafamily,she27awindchime(风铃)withthemessage“ListentothewindandknowthatIamnear”.Itnowhangsinthefour-year-old’sbedroom,wherehisbrothercangotolistentoitwheneverhewants.ThisisnotthefirsttimethatFerrellhasdecidedtogive28forherbirthday.Forher47th,in2014,shefoundedLovewithSkinOn,anorganizationdevotedtodoinggood29nearherhomeinRoanoke,Virginia,andbeyond.Itsmottoissimple:BeLove,DoStuff.Overtheyears,Ferrellhas30andtouchedwellover10031somefoundviaFacebookcallouts,otherswithhelpfromhergrandkids.Inanotheractof32shesharesherfavoriteinexpensiveandcreativegiftideasonPinterestforotherstouse.Ferrell33foreverythingherself:giftcards,pay-it-forwardpurchasesatdrive-throughs,andcarepackages,aswellasthegasittakestoplayfairygodmother.Herfamilyoftengiveshersome34birthdaycashwithawarningnottospenditonanyoneelse,whichshe35ignores.“IgotacoupleofAmazongiftcardsformybirthdaythisyear."It'sFerrell'sparty,andshe'llgiveifshewantsto.21.A.unbelievableB.unusualC.unknownD.uncomfortable22.A.wonder-strickenB.panic-strickenC.grief-strickenD.poverty-stricken23.A.exactlyB.accuratelyC.generallyD.specially24.A.concludeB.coverC.commitD.continue25.A.understandB.discoverC.seeD.use26.A.paperB.newsC.pictureD.note27.A.sentB.borrowedC.orderedD.made28.A.moneyB.giftsC.lessonsD.toys29.A.deedsB.workC.turnsD.ways30.A.broughtoutB.stoodoutC.reachedoutD.figuredout31.A.kidsB.studentsC.strangersD.volunteers32.A.livingB.givingC.cryingD.talking33.A.appliesB.checksC.designsD.pays34.A.importantB.extraC.extraordinaryD.useful35.A.possiblyB.casuallyC.proudlyD.naturally【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.C25.D26.D27.A28.B29.A30.C31.C32.B33.D34.B35.D【语篇解析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述DebraFerrell多年来--直会在她生日之际给陌生人送礼物,帮助解决他们的问题。【21题详解】]根据上文的standard和but转折,可知B选项unusual符合语境。【22题详解】根据上文losttheirfour-year-oldsontocancer,可知C选项grief-stricken(极度优伤的)符合语境。【23题详解】根据下文可知DebraFerrell多年来一直在她生日之际帮助别人解决问题，所以她正好需要信息里说到的这家人,去帮助他们。因此A选项exactly符合语境。【24题详解】本句句意:她想要承诺(做)53个随机的爱心行动。C选项commit符合语境。【25题详解】本句句意:她想要那些能够使用爱心行动的人的信息。再根据倒数第二段sheshares..giftideasonPinterestforotherstouse,可知D选项use符合语境。【26题详解】D选项note与上文提到的message一致。【27题详解】A选项与上下文提到的give一致。【28题详解】根据上下文可知DebraFerrell多年来一直会在她生日之际给陌生人送礼物，因此B选项gifts符合语境。【29题详解】根据上下文可知DebraFerrell多年来一直会在她生日之际给陌生人送礼物,这是在做好事。因此A选项deeds符合语境。【30题详解】本句句意:DebraFerrell多年来一直在伸出援助之手帮助别人,并且感动了他们。根据句意得出C项符合语意。【31题详解】根据下文somefoundviaFacebookcallouts,otherswithhelpfromhergrandkids可知,DebraFerrell帮助的都是陌生人。因此C选项strangers符合语境。【32题详解】根据上文可知,DebraFerrell多年来一直在给陌生人送礼物,因此B选项giving符合语境。【33题详解】根据下文可知DebraFerrell一直都是自己出钱买礼物送给别人。因此D选项符合语境。【34题详解】根据上文可知DebraFerrell一直都是自己出钱买礼物送给别人,家里人给她额外的钱,警告她不能花在别人身上了。因此B选项extra符合语境。【35题详解】根据全文可知DebraFerrell多年来一直会在她生日之际给陌生人送礼物，这已经成为她的习惯。因此D选项naturally符合语境。第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2021·山东青岛四市区高三期中考试）Originallyconstructedaround256BCEbytheStateofQin36anirrigationandfloodcontrolsystem,Dujiangyanisaremarkableexampleofancientengineeringskillandisstill37usetoday.DuringtheWarringStatesperiod,peoplewholivedalongthebanksoftheMinRiver38(trouble)byannualflooding.QingovernorandirrigationengineerLiBinginvestigatedtheproblemthoroughly.Heledafantasticteam39(construct)alevee(堤坝)toredirectapartoftheriver’sflow.Thentheydecidedtocut40channelthroughMountYuleitoletthewaterflowthroughit.Afterthesystemwasfinished,nomorefloods41(occur).What’smore,itmadeSichuanoneofthemostproductiveagricultural42(region)inChinabecausetheredirectedwaterfromtheMinRivercouldbeusedforirrigation.IfyouvisitDujiangyan,youwillseean43(usual)constructionthatlookslikeafish’smouth.Thisfamousattraction,Yuzui,togetherwithtwootherimportantparts,namely,FeishayanandBaopingkou,was44(scientific)designedtocontrolthewaterflowthroughouttheyear.45(recognize)asaUNESCOheritagesite,Dujiangyanhasirrigatedfarmswhilepreventingfloodsforover2,000years.【答案】36.as37.in38.weretroubled39.toconstruct40.a41.occurred42.regions43.unusual44.scientifically45.Recognized【语篇解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了都江堰的历史、作用和优点，体现了我国古代劳动人民的聪明智慧。【36题详解】考查介词。句意：都江堰最初是秦国在公元前256年左右作为灌溉和防洪系统修建的，是古代工程技术的一个显著例子，至今仍在使用。根据句意和后文anirrigationandfloodcontrolsystem可知，此处应用介词as“作为”和后文名词构成介词短语，符合句意。故填as。【37题详解】考查介词。句意：都江堰最初是秦国在公元前256年左右作为灌溉和防洪系统修建的，是古代工程技术的一个显著例子，至今仍在使用。inuse“在使用着”是固定介词短语，在句中作表语。故填in。【38题详解】考查被动语态。句意：战国时期，闽江沿岸的居民每年都受到洪水的困扰。谓语动词trouble和主语people之间是被动关系，根据时间状语DuringtheWarringStatesperiod可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语people为复数名词，谓语动词用复数，故填weretroubled。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他带领一支队伍建造了一个堤坝，以改变河水的一部分流向。leadsbtodosth“引导某人做某事”是固定短语，不定式作宾语补足语，符合句意。故填toconstruct。【40题详解】考查冠词。句意：然后他们在玉雷山凿了一条水道，让水从山上流过。根据句意可知，后文可数名词channel为泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定，因channel发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。【41题详解】考查动词时态。句意：系统完成后，不再发生洪水。根据上文wasfinished可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填occurred。【42题详解】考查名词复数。句意：更重要的是，它使四川成为中国最高产的农区之一，因为从岷江调水可以用于灌溉。根据前文oneofthemostproductiveagricultural可知，此处可数名词region应用复数。“oneof+形容词最高级+名词复数”是固定表达。故填regions。【43题详解】考查形容词反义词。句意：如果你参观都江堰，你会看到一个看起来像鱼嘴的不寻常的建筑。根据语境可知，此处应用usual的反义词unusual作定语修饰名词construction，表示“不同寻常的建筑”。故填unusual。【44题详解】考查副词。句意：这个著名的景点，鱼嘴，连同另外两个重要的部分，即飞沙堰和宝平口，被科学地设计来控制全年的水流。修饰被动结构中的动词过去分词designed应用副词。故填scientifically。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：都江堰被联合国教科文组织认定为世界文化遗产，2000多年来一直在灌溉农田，防止洪水。分析可知，非谓语动词recognize和主语之间是被动关系，用其过去分词作状语。句首字母大写，故填Recognized。第三部分写作（共两节,满分40分）第一节（满分15分）（2021·山东日照高三一模考试）假定你是李华，你的英国笔友John来信说，他在自学汉语时，发现汉字的读音很难掌握。请你给他回信，内容包括：1.表示理解；2.提出建议。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右：2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearJohn，____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】Possibleversion:DearJohn,KnowingthatyouhavetroublelearningtheChines