考点 31 阅读七选五-段尾设空题（核心考点精讲精练）高考英语一轮复习考点帮（新高考）原卷版

考点31阅读七选五-段尾设空题（核心考点精讲精练）1.高考真题考点分布年份卷别体裁词数主题语境话题设题位置选项特征段首段中段尾2024年新高考全国I卷夹叙夹议文313人与自我使用英语词典的经验、心得与乐趣140完整句新高考全国=1\*ROMANII卷说明文297人与自然如何避免“过度旅游”131完整句全国甲卷说明文313人与自我适度饮食131完整句北京卷说明文363人与社会“刺猬”型思维方式和“狐狸”型思维方式140完整句浙江1月卷说明文330人与社会在线学习利弊140完整句2023年新高考全国I卷说明文321人与自我自我原谅041完整句新高考全国=1\*ROMANII卷说明文310人与社会开始艺术之旅的建议131完整句全国乙卷说明文335人与自然室内植物的好处032残缺句＋完整句全国甲卷说明文287人与自我成为更有耐心的人的技巧131残缺句＋完整句北京卷说明文255人与社会如何选择高校的建议131完整句浙江1月卷说明文361人与社会能使火车旅行更舒适的建议140完整句全国甲卷说明文315一1312022年人与社会些外出就餐时要知道的一些重要事情残缺句＋完整句全国乙卷说明文316人与社会五种维系异地友谊的方法311残缺句＋完整句新高考全国I卷说明文332人与社会如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴041完整句新高考全国=1\*ROMANII卷说明文312人与社会介绍写文章的技巧140完整句浙江卷1月说明文309人与社会既可以充分利用时间又可以快乐放松的有效建议221完整句浙江卷6月说明文338人与社会写作都是带有某种目的的131完整句2.命题规律及备考策略【命题规律】从近三年高考试题对段尾句共考查13次。段尾设空的题多为总结本段内容，偶有起承上启下的作用。即要么是结论句，要么就是承上启下句。【备考策略】1）总结概括句1.做题时一要注意设空的前一句或前两三句；2.要注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结的词语如thus,therefore,hence,so,asaresult,inaword,inshort,toconclude,tosumup等；2）承上启下(过渡)句1.在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时要考虑与下一段开头是否有衔接，认真阅读下一段的开头几句，看是否能紧密联系起来。2.如果第一段的段尾是空白，往往是和下一段能连贯起来。3.通常是结论、概括性语句。要注意表示总结的信号词，如therefore,asaresult,hence,thus,tosumup,toconclude,inshort,inaword等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。4.与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比、转折、排比、并列、递进等关系。根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，3.【命题预测】从近三年命题的发展趋势来看，预测2025年高考阅读理解七选五试题仍然以结构鲜明的指导类说明文为主，段尾句也是考查重点。【必备基础知识】七选五阅读文章体裁以说明文、记叙文为主。语篇模式也较为固定：依次是提出问题、分析问题、最后是提供解决方案；题目的位置也很固定：有首句、句中、末句与独立成段四种情形；题型的正确选项大致可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。若问题在段尾，通常是结论、概括性语句。也可以是承上启下（过渡）句子。01段尾句考查总结概括句要注意表示结尾总结的词。表概况归纳关系有：inshort,inbrief,insummary,generallyspeaking,ingeneral,toconclude,inconclusion,inaword,onthewhole,tosumup等。【2024全国甲卷】Whatismoderation(适度)?Basically,itmeanseatingonlyasmuchfoodasyourbodyneeds.Youshouldfeelsatisfiedattheendofameal,butnottoofull.____16____Butitdoesn'tmeansayinggoodbyetothefoodsyoulove.Takeyourtime.It'simportanttoslowdownandthinkaboutfoodassomethingnutritiousratherthanjustsomethingtoeatinbetweenmeetings.____17____Itactuallytakesafewminutesforyourbraintotellyourbodythatithashadenoughfood,soeatslowlyandstopeatingbeforeyoufeelfull.Eatwithotherswheneverpossible.Eatingalone,“speciallyinfrontoftheTVorcomputer,oftenleadstomindlessovereating.Andbecarefulaboutthefoodsyoukeepathand.It'smorechallengingtoeatinmoderationifyouhaveunhealthysnacksattheready,likecookies.____18____AEatproperlythroughouttheday.B.Wedon'talwayseatjusttosatisfyhunger.C.Don'tswallowamealonthewaytowork.D.Mostofusneedtodoubletheamountweeat.E.Instead,surroundyourselfwithhealthychoices.F.Formanyofus,moderationmeanseatinglessthanwedonow.G.Thatwon'tleadtocheatingorgivinguponyourneweatingplan.（2024·河南·三模）Beingaplastic-freegardenerisanimportantstepforhavinganeco-consciousgarden.Here’showtogardenbyusingalternativestoplasticplantpots.Lotsofpots1.Mostaremadeofplastic,andcomeinavarietyofcolours.Noneoftheseplasticsarereadilyrecyclable.Halfabillionplasticpotsendedupinlandfillorbeingburnedeachyear.Plastic-freeplantpotalternativesThegreatnewsisthat,thechoiceofalternativeplastic-freepotsisfantastic.2.Ceramic(陶瓷)potsThoughexpensive,whenitcomestoplantpots,thereisnotmuchthatcomparestotheappealofhand-madeceramicpots.Ceramicpotsaremadefromthefiringofclay.3.Therefore,ifcollectedsteadilyovertheyears,theybecomethebackboneofanyworkinggarden,offeringareadypotforamonthortwoofgrowingon;apermanenthomeforrepeat-floweringflowerslastingforseasons;oradecorativefeatureforagreenhouse.WoolpotsMadefromrawwashedwoolpots,thesecutelittlepotsareaveryattractivenaturalalternativetoplastic.

4,buttheyalsomakeaperfectpotfordecorativeplantsthatwillsitinastrikingpositionwhiletheyaregrowinglarger—agreattalkingpointforplastic-freegardening.Hemp(麻)potsHemppotsareagreatalternativetotheplasticpotsusedtogrowtomatoandpotatoplants.5.Theycomeinarangeofsizes,fromaroundfivetofortylitres(公升).Hemppotsdevelopfromasustainablesource,arefullybrokendownandcanbereusedforseveralseasons.A．TheyaredurableB．LimittheuseofplasticinthegardenC．WoolpotscanbeusedtostartyoungplantsD．TheyareareplacementforthosewithlimitedgrowingspaceE．ManygardenershaveacollectionofplasticplantpotsovertheyearsF．ManyofthepotsinwhichplantsweresoldatthetimewererecyclableG．Inadditiontofabric,thereisalsowood,cardboard,bamboo,rubber,andevenwool02段尾句考查补充信息句是对前文内容进行补充说明,这时要选择补充性的语句。【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】OvertourismIsForReal:HowCanYouHelp?Travelpromotesunderstanding,expandsourminds,makesusbetterpeople,andboostslocaleconomiesandcommunities,buttherapidgrowthoftravelhasledtoovertourismincertainregionsanddestinations.___16___Certainlynot.Thelossofwhattravelofferswouldbeunacceptableintoday’sworld.Herearesometipsonmakingwisedecisionstominimizepressureontheplaceswevisitandimproveourexperience.●Choosemindfully.Overvisiteddestinationsarethatwayforareason:they’respecial.Withsomanyonlinepostsfeaturingthesameplaces,it’seasytofeellikeyou’remissingout.Gosomewhereonlywhenthelandscape,cultureorfooddeeplydrawsyou.___17___A.Visitduringoff-peaktimes.B.So,shouldwestoptraveling?C.Travelforyouandnooneelse.D.Canovertourismbeavoidedthen?E.Youcanstillfindrelativelyundiscoveredplaces.F.You’llfindyourselfvirtuallyalone,orclosetoit.G.Considergivingbacktothecommunitiesyou’revisiting.（2024·广东深圳·模拟预测）Spreadingkindnessnotonlyhelpsothersfeelbetteraboutthemselvesbutalsobooststhegiver’shealthandhappiness,accordingtoastudy.1.Givingseemstolowerourbloodpressure.2.Onestudyaskedagroupofhypertensive(高血压的)peopletospend$40onthemselves,whileanothergroupofpeoplewithhighbloodpressureweretoldtospendthemoneyonothers.Theyfoundthatspendingmoneyonothershadreducedtheirbloodpressureattheendofthesix-weekstudy3.Arecentstudyfoundthatpeoplewhosaidtheywoulddonatemoneytohelporphanswerelesssensitivetoanelectricshockthanthosewhodeclinedtogive.Accordingtothestudy,regionsofthebrainthatreacttopainfulstimulationappeartobeinstantlyoutofoperationbytheexperienceofgiving.Beingkindseemstoboosthappiness.Anotherstudyassignedpeopletothreegroups:thefirstgrouphadtodoanactofkindnesseachday;thesecondgrouptriedanewactivityeachday;andthethirdgroupdidnothing.Thefirsttwogroupssawasignificantboostinhappiness.4,ifyou’recreativewithyouractsofkindness,thanthosewhoperformedthesameactivityoverandoveragain.“Whendoinganactofkindness,you’remakingtheworldabetterplace,”saidtheRandomActsofKindnessfoundation,whichpromoteskindnessallyear.5.A．It’sawin-winforallB．GivingseemstolessenourpainC．You’llexperienceevengreaterjoyD．ButconsiderbeingkindtoyourselfE．BeingkindseemstocontributetooursenseofcommunityF．GivingdonationstoothershasbeenshowntohavethateffectG．However,anykindnessyougivetoothersisalsoagifttoyourself03段尾句考查承上启下(过渡)句段落间的过渡句,首先可以关注表示逻辑关系的衔接词,再结合词汇复现等原则进行答案的选择。【2024浙江1月卷】Inthepastfewyears,onlinelearninghasbecomeasignificantpartoftheuniversityandcollegeexperience.___16___Butareallonlinecoursescreatedequal?Howcanyoubesurethatdigitallearningisrightforyou?___17___A.Butthatdoesn’tmeantherearen’tdeadlines.B.Yourmotivationshouldbeyourmainconcern.C.Doyouknowthatonlinecoursesarealsopartofyoureducation?D.ProfessorAlexDavidsonteachesthesamecourseinpersonandonline.E.Thechiefcomplaintaboutonlinecoursesisthattheylackhumaninteraction.F.Ifyoutakeanonlinecourse,whatcanyoudotoensurethebestpossiblegrade?G.Asurveyfoundthat29percentofcollegestudentsregisteredforonlinecourses.（2024·辽宁沈阳·三模）Withsummerfastapproaching,it’stimetobookyourtrips.36Hereissomethingwecandotoavoidthem.Failtodisclosepre-existingmedicalconditions.It’scrucialthatyoutellyourinsuranceprovideraboutanymedicalconditionsyouhave.37Ifyoufailtodisclosetheproblems,youwon’tbecoveredforanyissuesrelatedtotheconditionwhileyou’reonholiday.Ifyou’renotsureifyouneedtomentionamedicalconditionyouhave,it’sworthaskingyourinsuranceprovider.Don’tletyourinsuranceproviderknowifthereareanychangestoyourpre-existingmedicalconditions.Tomakesureyou’renotoutofpocketduringyourholiday,youneedtoinformyourinsuranceproviderofanydevelopmentsinyourmedicalhistory.38Ifanythingchangesinhealth,letyourinsurerknowassoonaspossibletoavoidanycomplications.39Agoodruleofthumbistoorganizeyourtravelinsuranceatthesametimeyoubookyourholiday.Travelinsurancecoversyouforyourholidayaswellastheperiodleadinguptoit.Bybookingyourinsuranceatthesametimeastheholidayitself,you’llbecoveredifanythingchanges,oryouneedtocancelyourtrip.Makesureyouorganizeinsurancewellinadvance.Getyourdetailswrongwhenbookingtravelinsurance.Makesuretocheckyourdetailscarefully.Youwon’tbecoveredifyou’vegivenyourinsurerthewronginformation.Double-checkeverythingyou’veenteredbeforefinalizingyourtravelinsurance.40Makesureyoucomparekeyfeaturesandbenefitsoftravelinsurancepolicies,andnotjusttheprice.Insuranceisvitalforyourtrip,somakesureyoutakethetimetounderstandwhatyou’repayingfor.A．Leavebuyinginsuranceuntilthelastminute.B．Takingoutanannualpolicyforalong-staytrip.C．Thisincludesanymedicalproblemsyouhaveexperienced.D．Ensureyoucheckyourdetailsassoonasyoureceiveyourdocuments.E．Insurersaskformedicalchangesinordertogiveyoutherightlevelofcover.F．Makesureyouhavetravelinsuranceandcardstoavoidanyunexpectedpayments.G．However,thereareseveraltravelinsurancemistakestostopyoufromgettingapayout.04考查半句话类选项1.根据空格前后的逗号，可以判断是半句话类型的题型。2.判斷选项中哪些是半句话，缩小选择范围，它可以是从句、非谓语短语、介词短语等结构。3.根据空格前后内容确定答案。【2023年全国乙卷】Indoorplantsmightlookasiftheyjustsitaroundnotdoingmuch,butinmanywaystheyaretheunsungheroesofthehome.____16____,butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople’swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情),reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.What’smore,indoorplantsareeasytolookafterandarenotveryexpensive.Whatareindoorplants?Indoorplants,alsoknownashouseplantsorpotplants,areplantsthatliketogrowindoors.Manyofthesespecies(物种)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.____17____.A.AllplantsaredifferentB.NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC.TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmerE.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil’stongueareamongthebestF.ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding（2024·江苏南京·模拟预测）OnabeautifulSaturdaymorning,Iwentforaruninthepark.Igottoaboutamileandahalf,throughrosegardensandaroundtrees.1.ThenextthingIrememberwastwoworriedfaceslookingdownatme.Theywerecallinganambulance,whileablackLabradorwaslickingmyface!Ifeltpaininmyback.Later,Ilearntthedogchasingasquirrelranstraightintome.Iwasthrownintotheairandlandedonmyback.Myusualrunhadturnedintoatriptoanearbyhospital.Luckily,asidefromminorinjuries,IwasOK.2:whatifithadbeenacar?Howcanweeverseethesethingscoming?Thetruthisthatsometimes,lifereallyisoutofourcontrol.Thenwhatdowedowhenitdoes?First,doagratitudestocktake(盘点):myfriendDenise,wouldlookaftermysonJett;gratitudethatitwasadog,notacar,andIlivedtotellthetale.Thenext,whoandwhatmeasuresup?Theseuncontrollablemomentsinlifearealsothetimeswhenyoufindthegreatestclarity.3.Theonesthatmaketheeffort:showup;comeround;bethere.4seeitasanopportunitytostepbackandreassess.Isyourtimeandlovefocusedonthethingsthattrulymatter?Arethereconversationsleftunsaid?Whatdoyouwanttododifferently?Ifitallendedtomorrow,wouldyourlifehavebeenwelllived?Ihopeso.5!A．ButitcrossedmymindB．UnlessmisfortunefallsuponyouC．ThenI‘mnotentirelysurewhathappenedD．YouseethepeoplewhoarereallythereforyouE．WhenthebreathisliterallyknockedoutofyouF．Ididn’texpectaLabradorwouldtransformmylifeG．Ifnot,it’stimetostartlivingandwatchingoutfordogs（最新模拟试题演练）Passage1（2024·吉林长春·模拟预测）Manypeopledesirestronger,moreauthenticfriendshipsasanadult.6.Howdoyouskiptheawkwardchit-chatphaseandhitthefast-forwardbuttononapotentialfriendship?I’velearnedafewthings.GiveyourselfpermissiontoborepeopleWeallknowthesafetopicstobroachwhenyoufirstmeetsomeone.Butthistendencytoplayitsafecandelayknowingwhetheryouarecompatiblewithapotentialfriend.7.“Whatdoyouthinkisthebesttelevisionfinaleofalltime?”Thisisagreatconversationstarteraslongasitinterestsyou.Andiftheotherpersonslowlybacksaway,thenyou’vejustsavedyourselfhoursofchatting.8Oftenourfriendshipsfeelsuperficialbecausetheyarebuiltonafoundationofgossip.Thisisbecauseit’shumannaturetofocusonathirdpersonwhenweareanxious.Wesharespicyupdatesaboutformerclassmateswithourhighschoolfriends,orgrabadrinkwithcolleaguesandcomplainabouttheboss.Butafriendshipbuiltongossipcanleavebothpeoplefeelingexhaustedanddepressedaftertheyhangout.Ifafriendstartstogiveyouupdatesonotherpeopleyouknow,itcanbehelpfultosay,“Iwanttohearaboutwhat’sgoingonwithyou.”Oryoucanaskyourself,“WhatwouldIshareaboutmyselfifIwerewithmybestfriendrightnow?”9Becuriousaboutwhopeopleare,andwhotheywanttobe10.Theyarealsoabletosharetheirstruggleswithoutfearofjudgment.Agreatwaytodeepenafriendshipistoasksomeone,“Whathasbeenchallengingforyouthelastyear?”Or“What’sabeliefyouhavethathaschangedoverthecourseofyourlife?”Thesearequestionswerarelyaskeachother,buttheyrevealsomuchaboutwhoweare,andwhowe’retryingtobe.A．FocusonthegossipB．CutbackonthegossipC．ThenjumptotheheartofthingsD．Ratherthanstickingwithsuperficialchatter,gostraighttowhatexcitesyouE．Truefriendsstrivetoknoweachother’sthinkingaboutdifficultsubjectsF．ButtheprocessofbuildingtheserelationshipscanproveslowandfrustratingG．Askyourselfwhat’sworthsharingaboutyourselfandknowingaboutothersPassage2（2024·河南·二模）Weallknowsomeonewhoseemsunabletocontroltheirspendingormakegoodfinancialdecisions.Whenthatpersonissomeoneyoucareabout,it’sunderstandabletowanttohelpthembettermanagetheirmoney.11Ifyoufeelalittleoutofyourdepth,let’stakealookatsomewaystohelpoutalovedonewhoisn’tgreatwiththeirmoney,withoutmakinganyoneuncomfortable.Listenwithoutjudgment.12Ratherthancomingatsomeonewithcriticismorlecturing,tryhavinganopenconversationtobetterunderstandtheirunderlyingfeelingsandperceptionsaboutmoneysoyoucandeterminethebestwaystohelp.Helpthemsetfinancialgoals.Askhowtheywouldliketheirfinancialsituationtobedifferentinanidealworld.13Writethesedownanddeterminewhatinitialstepstheycantaketostartworkingtowardsthesegoals.Offertoperiodicallyreviewprogresswithoutjudgment.Rememberthatyou’renottheirfinancialadvisor,butanaccountabilitybuddy.14Providetoolsthathelpbuildfinancialliteracyattheirownpace.Thereareplentyoftrustyappsthatcangiveyourfinancesaboost.Otherresourcescouldincludebooks,articles,budgetingapps,onlinecourses,orevenofferingtomeetwithafinancialadvisortogethertodiscussdevelopingbettermoneymanagementhabits.Themostconstructivethingyoucandoishelpthepersonbuilddisciplineandskillsslowlythroughsympatheticsupport.Atthesametime，protectyourownpeacebysettingfinancialboundariesforyourself.Avoidcriticismorcontrol,andfocusonboostingconfidencealongtheirjourneytowardsgoodmoneymanagement.15A．Giveencouragement.B．Shareeducationalresources.C．Whyshouldtheytakestepstosetfinancialgoals?D．Whatspecificgoalsandtimeframescanyousettogether?E．However，simplytellingthemtomanagetheirmoneycarefullyisineffective.F．Whenitcomestoanythingmoney-related,toughloveisrarelythewaytogo.G．Withthesehelp，almostanyonecanbecomebetteratmanagingmoneyovertime.Passage3（2024·河南郑州·三模）Severalyearsago,Iexperienceddailysevereheadachesthatmademewanttobangmyheadagainstabrickwall.Iwasdesperatetofindacure.16Inmyhopelessness,myfathersuggestedacupuncture(针灸),atreatmenthehadexperiencedinHongKong.Ithadsuccessfullyrelievedhislowerbackpainwhenothertreatmentsandmedicineshadfailed.WithlimitedexposuretotraditionalChinesemedicine,Idecidedtogiveacupunctureatry.Withnoparticularexpectations,Ifoundmyselfintheofficeofamiddle-agedwoman,surroundedbyChineseherbalmedicines.Afterexplainingmyissue,sheplaced3fingersonmywristtofeelmyheartbeat.17Soon,shetookouttheneedles,whichmademesomewhatuneasyassuchobjectstypicallymakemeuncomfortable.18Todealwithmyheadaches,thetreatmentbeganonthebackofmyhand,farfrommyhead.Asthedoctorgentlyhandledtheneedles,Igotthefeelingthatsomethingwasflowingthroughoutmyentirebody.Thedoctorthencontinuedtotapandmovemoreneedlesacrossmybody.Theelectricitywasturnedon,andthedoctorlefttheroom.19Aroundthe5-minutemark,thedoctorreturnedandadjustedtheelectricitylevel.Amomentlater,beforeIknewit,sheturnedofftheelectricityandremovedtheneedles,markinganendtothe20-minuteprocess.Shethengavemesomeherbalmedicinetotakefor5days.Ireturnedtothedoctorforatotalof10sessions,andeachtimethesameroutinewasrepeatedandthesameherbalmedicinewasgiven.Thetruebenefitsoftheacupuncturetreatmentbecameclear:Iremainedfreeofheadachesfor2years.20Ifyou’veexperiencedsimilarconditions,Ihighlyrecommendtryingit.A．Atlast,myeffortspaidoff.B．Inowstronglyadvocateacupuncture.C．Iwasthenguidedtoaroomandtoldtoliedown.D．Despitetryingdifferentsolutions,nothingworked.E．Myinitialexperiencewithacupuncturewasquitesurprising.F．Thoughitmayseemscary,theacupuncturecuredmybackpain.G．Lyingstill,Icouldsensetheelectricityflowingthroughoutmybody.Passage4（2024·江西·二模）Weoftenseethatsomeofourfriendsalwaysappearrelaxed.21Thisisbecausetheyarebetterorganizedthanus.Ifwewanttoleadawell-organizedlife,somehabitshavetobecultivatedpurposefully.AplaceforeverythingandeverythinginitsplaceWhenwearelazyorinahurry,wekeepourthingsinthewrongplace.22Toleadanorganizedlife,weshouldmakesuretoputthingsbackintheirproperplace.AvoidmultitaskingWhenwearetryingtodomorethanonethingatatime,wecannotconcentrateonourworkproperly,resultinginpoorperformance.23Forexample,whiledoingourhomework,ifwekeepourmobilephonewithinourreachandkeeponreplyingtofriends’messages,ourqualityofworkwillsuffer.PlanaheadPlanningaheadisanimportantcharacteristicofanorganizedpersonality.Butweshouldberealisticinourplans.24

Practically,planningourdaily,weeklyandevenmonthlygoalsandtryingourbesttoachievethemwillmakelifemoreorganizedandtasksmoremanageableforus.ValueyourtimeAnotherkeytoleadingawell-organizedlifeistomanageyourtimeinthemostfruitfulway.Givingintotemptationusuallyresultsinwastedhourswhichweregretlateron.ThefamouscolumnistHarveyMacKaysaid,”Timeisfree,butit’spriceless.25“A．Thenwehavetowastelotsofprecioustimeandenergysearchingforthem.B．Theyarenotnervousduringexaminationsandseemtoenjoylifebetterthanus.C．Onceyou’velostit,youcannevergetitback.D．Thefewerthingswehave,theeasieritwillbetomanagethem.E．Theyfollowsomeruleswhichleadtoamoresuccessfullife.F．Therearetimeswhenwefindabigpartofwhatweaimedtodoisleftundone.G．Weshouldbeclearaboutwhathastobedoneandwhatisjustwastingtime.Passage5（2024·河南·模拟预测）WeoftenhearverybadstatisticsaboutthedestructionoftheAmazon.26OneAmazonianIndiantribe(部落)everyyearhasdisappearedsince1900.Unlesssomethingisdonetopreventit,theAmazonwillbetotallydestroyedinfiftyyears’time.27Althoughitisbeingdestroyedbybigfarmersandlogging(伐木)companies,thebiggestcauseofitsdestructionisthecuttingdownoftreesbythousandsofsmall-scalefarmers.28Theycutdowntreesoftherainforesttogrowcropstomakemoney.ThesoiloftheAmazonisperfectforplantsaslongastherearetrees.ItisthetreesthatrecyclethenutrientsthatmaketheAmazonsuitableforgrowingfood.Whenthefarmerscutdownthetrees,thesoilcanonlysupportcropsforoneortwoyears.29Loggingisthesecondbiggestcauseofthedestructionoftherainforest.Alotofthetreesaretakenforfirewood,charcoal,orformakingfurniture.Notonlyarethesetreesdestroyed,butthetreesaroundthemarealsodestroyedtomakewayfortheroadsandtracksneededtotakethewoodaway.Largeareasofforesthavealsobeencutdowntofreelandforcattlefarming.30Andtheranchers(牧场主)moveon.Moretreeswillbesuretodisappearbecauseoftheircattle.MostoftherainforestlieswithinBrazil.Fortunately,itisbeginningtobringmorelawstoprotectitsrainforest.A．Againthelandcannotsupportthemforlong.B．Sotheyhavetomoveon,andcutdownmoretrees.C．Theprobleminvolvesorganizationsandgovernments.D．Thetreesareoftenconsideredimportanttobigfarmers.E．Povertyforcespeopletoleavethecitiesandlookforland.F．Anareaofrainforest,thesizeofBelgium,iscutdownannually.G．Thetruekeyfactorscausingdamagetotherainforestisnotasyouimagine.Passage6（2024·四川德阳·模拟预测）HowtomakeavisionboardWeallhavehopesanddreams,andeachpersontriestoachievethemintheirownway.Somemaystartjournaling,whileothershavedifferentmethods.Thiscouldincludecreatingavisionboard.Hereiswhatyouneedtoknowaboutvisionboardsandhowtomakeyourown.Avisionboardisacollectionofimagesandquotesthatsymbolizesomeone’sdreams,aspirationsandideals.Thiscouldincludealandscapeofthecityyouwanttoliveinorthemodelofanewcaryoureallywanttobuy.31Avisionboardcansuittoaspecificgoal,suchasgettingadreamjob,ortheycanoverviewaseriesofthingsyou’reaimingfor,includinghavinggoodfinancesandahealthyrelationship.Visionboardscanbemadeinmanyways.Thereisnorightorwrongchoicetostartvisualizingyourgoals.32ItcouldbetheEuropeansummertripyou’vealwaysdreamedoforitmaybetakingcontrolofyourlife’ssituation.Youmayalsochoosetosetatimelineforyourselftofurthervisualizeyourambitions.33Visionboardscanbedonedigitallyorphysically.Foradigitalvisionboard,youcancreateitonPowerPoint,GoogleSlidesorwebsites.Onablanktemplate(模版),begintoaddphotos,quotesandwordsthatwillinspireyoutoreachyourgoal.Forexample,ifyouwanttotravelmore,findimagesofthelocations.Ifyouwanttoimproveyourself-confidence,includeencouragingquotes.Thesameadvicegoesifyou’remakingaphysicalvisionboard.Forthis,youwanttogetaposter,pictureframeoranykindofbase.Similartotheother,youwanttosetagoalandgathermaterials.Inthiscase,you’llneedtoprintoutimagesandquotesfirst.Youmayalsochoosetowritewordsofaffirmationorincludeyourownphotos.34Nomatterwhatformatyouuse,besuretoputyourvisionboardsomewhereyoucanseeit,suchasonyourdeskorasyourphonebackground.35Itisimportanttorememberwhilevisionboardsarefun,donotholdyourselftoanunrealisticstandardofsuccess.Whenyoudohavetriumphs,theymaynotlookexactlyhowyouplannedthem.A．Thebestplacetostart,however,istosetyourambitions.B．Thenmakeyourpicturebygluingortapingthematerialsonthebase.C．Visionboardsareonlyforachievingshort-termgoals,notlong-termambitions.D．Onceyounarrowdownwhatyouwanttoachieve,it’stimetopickyourformat.E．Creatingavisionboardrequiresexpensivematerialsandprofessionalassistance.F．Thesephotosandwordsaremeanttoinspireandmotivateyoutoachievethesegoals.G．Themoreyouseeyourvisualizedgoals,themorelikelyyoumaybetoworktowardthem.Passage7（2024·广东梅州·模拟预测）OneofPulitzerPrize-winningjournalistsCharlesDuhiggpublishedanewbook,inwhichheconcludedcommoncharacteristicsof“supercommunicators”—peoplewhoareconsistentlyabletocreateauthenticconnectionswithothersjustbylisteningandtalking.6HereisasetofskillsrecommendedbyDuhiggthatcanhelpyou.7Ifyouarehavingapracticalconversation,bereadytogivegoodadvice.Ifyouareengaginginemotionaldiscussionsseekingempathy,youmayshowyoursupportbybeingagoodlistener.Ifyou’reinasocialdialoguereflectinghowweseeothersandhowotherpeopleseeus,bemindfulofthedifferentperspectiveseachpersonbringstothetableandseekcommonground.Provewe’relistening.Thereareplentyofwaystoappearlikeyou’relistening,likemakingeyecontactornoddingintently.Butprovingtosomeonethatyou’relisteningisthequickestroadtomakingsomeonefeelheard.8Next,repeatbackinyourownwor