2025届新高考英语热点冲刺复习主谓一致

2025届新高考英语热点冲刺复习

主谓一致CONTENTS定义01语法一致原则02意义一致原则03就近原则04习题训练0501定义Whatis主谓一致？主谓一致指的是主语和谓语动词两个语法成分之间保持一致。1.语法一致原则指主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。Fastfoodisfulloffatandsalt.OnApril5,2024,JohnTinniswood

wasnamedtheworld's

oldestlivingman.

2.意义一致原则指主语形式上是单数形式，但却表达复数意义，那么谓语动词也要用复数形式。主语形式上是复数形式，但却表达单数意义，那么谓语动词要用单数形式。Myfamily

werewatchingTVat7o’clock.Myfamily

hasmovedthreetimes.Tenyears

isjustamomentinhistory.3.就近原则指谓语动词的单复数和数由最靠近它的主语的人称和单复数形式来决定。Thereis

aman,twowomenandthreechildrenintheroom.Thereare

twowomen,amanandthreechildrenintheroom.Eithersheorhersisterisnottellingthetruth.02语法一致原则1.单数名词/单数代词与谓语动词一致（1）单数名词/代词在句子中做主语时，谓语动词应用单数形式。不可数名词做主语时，谓语动词也应用单数形式。Thecat

sleeps.He

isayoungwriter.Hisadvice

hasbeenadoptedinthemeeting.Note:被

each，every，no修饰的单数名词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。Everymemberintheclubwearsuniform.1.单数名词/单数代词与谓语动词一致（2）有些集体名词为不可数名词，如furniture，equipment，merchandise，baggage，machinery，clothing等，作主语时，谓语动词应该用单数形式。AllthemachineryinthefactoryismadeinChina.Someequipmentisstillattheexperimentalstage.（3）manya+单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。Manyafarmer

goestoswimming.1.单数名词/单数代词与谓语动词一致（4）morethanone+单数名词，意义上虽有复数概念，但作主语时候，谓语动词一般用单数形式。Morethanonestudent

knowstheanswer.Morestudentsthanone

knowtheanswer.（5）oneortwo+复数名词，谓语动词用复数。Oneortwopatientsarewaitingoutsidethedoor.2.复数名词/复数代词与谓语动词一致（1）常用作复数或只有复数形式的名词以及复数代词作主语时，谓语动词应用复数形式。常见名词：clothes,belongings,earnings,savings,sales,surroundings,odds,remains,goods,fireworks,thanks。常见代词：they,these,those。Theclothes

arenotsuitableforeverydaywear.They

lookalittlefunnyonthestage.2.复数名词/复数代词与谓语动词一致（2）表示双数意义的复数名词作主语时，谓语动词应用复数形式。常见名词：glasses,spectacles,sunglasses,scissors,shoes,socks,gloves,trousers,jeans,shorts。Hisglasseswerebrokenbyhissonlastnight.Thetrouserswerewetduetothebadweather.Note:one，another，theother，either，each，somebody，anybody，nobody，everyone，noone，something，anything等不定代词作主语时，谓语动词应用单数形式。Ihavetwopens;oneisblueandtheotherisred.Eitherofthebooksissuitableforbeginners.Anotheroptionistorestartthecomputer.Nobodyknowstheanswer.Everyonehastheirownstrengths.Note:all，some，any，more，most，therest等作主语时，若指代不可数名词，谓语动词应用单数形式；若指代可数名词复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。Allofthewaterhasbeenused.(不可数名词，单数形式)Alloftheapplesareripe.(可数名词复数，复数形式)Someoftheinformationisincorrect.(不可数名词，单数形式)Someofthestudentsareabsent.(可数名词复数，复数形式)Note:both，（a）few，many，（the）others等做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。Bothofthewindows

areopen.Afewofthetasks

arecompleted.Manyoftheideasareinnovative.Theothers

arewaitinginthelobby.3.并列主语与谓语动词的一致（1）由and或both...and...连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。但如果并列主语指的是同一个人、物、概念或一个不可分割的整体，谓语动词应用单数形式。常见的这类短语有：breadandbutter（涂黄油的面包），awatchandchain（一块带链的表），law

andorder（社会秩序），aknifeandfork（一副刀叉），acupandsaucer（一套杯碟）等。JaneandMarycompetewitheachotherforthecontract.Warandpeace

isaconstantthemeinhistory.Ateacherandwriterisgoingtogiveusatalkthisafternoon.3.并列主语与谓语动词的一致（2）由

aswellas，asmuchas，alongwith，togetherwith，with，including，followedby，inadditionto，like，unlike，except，but，besides，nolessthan，ratherthan，accompaniedby，insteadof，morethan

等连接的并列主语在意义上更强调前面的主语。即“就远原则”。Thegirl，togetherwithherclassmates，hasgonetoplanttrees.NobodybutMaryandJacktakestheEnglishexam.Theteacher，withallhisstudents，isgoingtohaveapicnicthisweekend.3.并列主语与谓语动词的一致（3）当and连接两个并列单数名词作主语，且由

each，every，no

等修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式。Eachbookand（each）magazine

hastobereturnedontime.Everydoorand（every）windowinthishousehastoberepairedforanothersale.Noteacherand（no）studentlikesthistextbook.4.其他用法（1）不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）和“疑词词/whether+todo”作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。从句作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式；但若主句为系表结构，主句谓语动词的数通常由作表语的名词或代词决定。Readingandwriting

areimportantduringtheprimaryschool.Whattodoisonequestion，andhowtodoit

isquiteanother.Whethersheiscomingornot

doesn'tmattertoomuch.Readingwithoutcomprehensionisnotgoodforimprovingone'sstudyability.4.其他用法Note:当and连接两个并列的上述结构作主语时，若表示单一概念，则谓语动词应用单数形式；若表示两个不同的概念，则谓语动词应用复数形式。WhatTomsaysandwhatTomdoes

isnotabigdeal.Theteacherandthestudent

arediscussingtheassignment.Thehammerandchiselisasetoftools.Themanandthewomanarewalkingtheirdogs.4.其他用法（2）“分数/百分数+of+名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词应与of后面名词或代词的数保持一致。Eighty-fivepercentofthestudentsinourschoolaregirls.Twothirdsofthefoodhasbeensenttothatarea.（3）“anumberof

+复数名词/代词”作主语时，后面的谓语动词用复数形式；而“thenumber

of

+复数名词/代词”作主语时，后面的谓语动词用单数形式。Anumberofchildrenareplayinginthepark.

Thenumberofclientsofthiscompanyisrathersmall.4.其他用法Note:“all/half/some/therest...（of+名词/代词）”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后面的名词或代词，或者视具体的上下文而定。Ihaveeatensomeofthefruits.Therest（ofthem）arelefttoyou.4.其他用法（4）“aquantityof/alotof/lotsof/plentyof+不可数名词/可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词的数应与of后面名词的数保持一致。“

quantitiesof+

不可数名词/可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词应用复数形式。Avastquantityofbeerwassoldyesterday.

Alargequantityofbookswerefoundinhisroom.

Greatquantitiesofsandwerewasheddownthehillsidebyrain.4.其他用法（5）“agreat（good）dealof/alargeamountof/abitof+不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。但“large/increasing/smallamountsof+不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词应用复数形式。Agooddealofmoneyhasbeenspentonthisproject.Alargeamountofelectricitywaswastedlastmonth.Largeamountsoftimehavebeeninvestedintheexperiment.4.其他用法（6）“分类词+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词应与分类词的单、复数形式保持一致。常用的分类词有：sort，kind，form，piece，portion，series，species，section，type

等。Thiskindofcompetitionisnotwhatwewant.

Allkindsofflowersblossominspring.

4.其他用法（7）在“oneof+复数名词+定语从句”结构中，从句一般是修饰复数名词的，所以从句的谓语动词应用复数形式。当

oneof之前有the，theonly，themere，thevery等修饰时，从句一般是修饰单数名词时，所以从句的谓语动词应用单数形式。Jeffisoneofthejournalistswhowereawardedaprizeatthattime.Jeffistheonlyoneofthejournalistswhowasawardedaprizeatthattime.03意义一致原则1.单数名词与谓语动词的一致有时单数名词作主语的单数名词表示复数意义，这时谓语动词应用复数形式，以达到意义一致。（1）有些集体名词表示同类的全部个体，作主语时，谓语动词常常用复数形式，如youth，police,people，personnel，cattle等。Thepolice

are

lookingintotheaccidentthathappenedyesterday.Note:people和youth分别作“人们”“年轻人”讲时，谓语动词应用复数形式，但当其分别作“民族”“少年，小伙子”讲时，为可数名词，谓语动词应与其单复数形式保持一致。Ayouth

is

standingunderthetree.

（2）有些集体名词作主语时，谓语动词的形式取决于主语的意义。当主语表示整体概念时，视为单数，谓语动词应用单数形式；当主语表示集体中的个体成员时，视为复数，谓语动词应该用复数形式。如army，class，committee，company，crowd，couple，group，party，population，team，public，family，faculty，audience，staff。TheclassareguessingexcitedlywhothenewEnglishteacherwillbe.Ittookmorethantwohoursbeforethecrowd

was

fullydispersed.（3）“the+adj./V-ed”表示一类人，作主语是，表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数。表示个别人、不可数事物或抽象概念时，谓语动词用单数。Itisbelievedthattherich

areusuallyexposedtomoreeducationalresourcesofhighquality.Theinjuredintheaccidentisafriendofmine.2.

复数名词与谓语动词的一致（1）有一些名词虽是复数形式，但实际上用作单数，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。Thebadnews

is

thatonly13percentofpeoplegotthesalarytheydeserved.（2）表示时间、距离、金额、重量等的复数名词作主语时，若表示整体概念，谓语动词应用单数形式。Fortymiles

is

toolongawaytowalkinaday.（3）以

-ics结尾表学科等的名词作主语时，一般要求谓语动词用单数形式。常见的这类名词有：physics（物理学），economics（经济学），electronics（电子学），mathematics（数学），ethics（伦理学），politics（政治学），statistics（统计学），gymnastics（体操），athletics田径运动）等。但当economics，electronics，mathematics，ethics，politics，statistics表示学科以外的其他含义时，可作复数用，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。Physics

is

oneofthehardestsubjectsforamiddleschoolstudent.Statisticsinthearticlearenotaccurate.Note:以-s结尾的表示“国家、机构、事件、作品、报刊”等名称的专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。TheUnitedStates

is

adevelopedcountry.

（4）“a/this/thatpair/suitof+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Thatpairofshoes

has

alreadybeensoldout.

3.单复数同形的名词与谓语动词的一致有些名词只有一种形式，既能表示单数含义，又能表示复数含义，这些名词作主语时，谓语动词应与其表达的具体意义保持一致。常见的这类名词有：aircraft，deer，fish，means，sheep，species，series，headquarters（总部）等。Asheep

is

runningalongtheriver.

Somesheep

are

runningalongthebankoftheriver.

Note:means

作“方法，手段，工具”讲时，单复数同形。作主语时，若其前面有each，every，either，neither等表示单数概念的定语修饰，谓语动词用单数形式。若其前面有all，both，these等表示复数概念的定语修饰，谓语动词用复数形式。Every

possible

meanshas

beentried.All

possible

meanshave

beentakentosavetheboy.04就近原则1.

“名词/代词+or+名词/代词”结构作主语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式应与or后的名词/代词一致。YouorMary

is

tobesenttosolvetheproblem.YouorJoseph

is

goingtomeetthematthestationthisafternoon.2.

“either+名词/代词+or+名词/代词”结构作主语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式应与or后的名词/代词保持一致。EitherIorthey

are

responsiblefortheresultofthematter.Eitheryouorhe

is

goingtoParis.Onlyonepersoncangothere.3.“neither+名词/代词+nor+名词/代词”结构作主语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式应与nor后的名词/代词保持一致。Neitherthemothernorthechildren

know

anythingaboutthismatter.Neitherhisfamilynorhe

likes

shoppingonline.4.“notonly+名词/代词+but（also）+名词/代词”结构作主语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式应与but（also）后的名词/代词保持一致。NotonlyIbutalsoTomandMary

are

willingtodovolunteerwork.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacher

enjoys

listeningtomusic.5.在therebe句型中，谓语动词的单、复数形式应与离其最近的主语保持一致。There

is

apen，twopencilsandseveralbooksonthetable.There

are

somestudentsandateacheroverthere.05习题训练语法探究Here____(be)thenewterm.There____(be)aparentmeeting.DoesTomlikeit?Aha,nothisparentsbuthe________________(notwant)togo.Obviously,eitherhisfatherorhismother________(need)toattendthemeeting.Totellthetruth,notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacher________(wish)foraholidayinsteadofameeting.isisdoesn'twantneedswishes小试牛刀NobodybutJane__________(know)thesecret.Eversincetheirquarrel,there__________(be)anunpleasantatmosphereintheoffice.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary__________(be)tiredofhavingoneexamafteranother.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneaswellasMary__________(be)tiredofhavingoneexamafteranother.knowsarehasbeenis语法探究Paperaswellasothermaterials________(play)animportantroleinourstudy.Theteacher,alongwithhisstudents________(take)measurestosavepaper.However,inTom’sclass,nobodybutoneteacherandfivestudents_________(try)tomakeuseofwastepaperproperly.playstakestries小试牛刀：语法填空—Didyougototheshowlastnight?—Yeah.Everyboyandgirlinthearea________(be)invited.ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversities____________(be)risingsteadilysince1990.12washasbeen小试牛刀：语法填空Tenyears_________amomentinhistory.Itistheboyswho_________(be)responsiblefortheaccident.34isare小试牛刀：语法填空TherewasonceaChinesemanintheUSwho________________(accuse)afterheusedacertainformofTCMtreatmenttocurehisgrandson’sdisease.5wasaccused小试牛刀：语法填空TheWorld’sWideWebiscomposedofdifferentwebsites,which_______________(create)bypeopleandorganizationsaroundtheworld.6arecreated小试牛刀：语法填空Dr.Smith,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters,________(be)goingtovisitBeijingthissummer.Theteacherwiththestudents_________(be)discussingReadingSkillsthat_________(be)newlypublishedinAmerica.12iswereis小试牛刀：语法填空Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents________(be)toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.Alltheemployeesexceptthemanager__________________(encourage)toworkonlineathomenow.34isareencouraged语法探究Thestudentseach________(be)allowedtomakemistakes.Boththeteacherandthestudents________(have)chancetocorrectthemistakestheymade.Forexample,myteacher’strousers________(be)takenbymistakeyesterday.Makingmistakesandkeepingtrying________(be)normalduringthelearningprocess.arehaveareare牛刀小试Bothteams_______(be)readytofaceoff.1are牛刀小试Myglasses______(seem)tohavevanished.2seem牛刀小试Theglass_______(be)madefromcomplexmaterials.3is牛刀小试Onethirdoftheglass______(be)collectedbythehomelessboy.4is牛刀小试Onethirdoftheglasses______(be)collectedbythehomelessboy.4are语法探究Eachofthestudents________(have)achancetojointhebasketballclub.Bruce________(take)aninterestinplayingbasketballand________(want)tobethebestplayer.Practicingplayingbasketball________(become)partofhisschoollife.Nothing________(stop)hisenthusiasmforplayingbasketball.Manyagirl________(want)tojointhebasketballclub.TheywanttoplaywithBruce.Tosaytheyareignorantoftherules________(be)noexcuse.Everybody________(burst)intolaughter.Howtopersuadethegirlstofollowtherules________(make)Bruceannoyed.hastakeswantsbecomesstopswantsisburstsmakes牛刀小试Manyamother________(try)toactoutherunrealizeddreamsthroughherdaughter.1tries牛刀小试Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcerts____________(cause)hearinglossinsometeenagers.2hascaused牛刀小试Eachofthestudents____(be)allowedtomakemistakes.3is牛刀小试Thestudentseach____(be)allowedtomakemistakes.4are语法探究Onlyonethirdoftheearth_______(be)coveredbytheland.Thatistosay,mostofthesurface__________(be)coveredbywater.Plentyoftheplants__________(need)enoughwatertosurviveandwehumanbeingscan’tlivewithoutwater.However,morethan80%ofthewastewater________(be)pumpedfromthefactoryintoanearbyriver.What’sworse,watercrisis_______againsoundedwarningsinChinabecauseofco-existenceofserioussituationofwaterwasteandpollutioninurbanareas.isisneedishas小试牛刀：语法填空ThetraditionalChinesemarriageusually________(involve)somenecessaryprocedures,suchasmatchmaking,engagements,meetingthebrideandthreebows.Wheneverypupilintheschoolwearstheuniform,nobody________(have)toworryaboutfashion.12involveshas语法探究Ihaveaneveningparty.Look!Thesingeranddancer______(be)toattendmyparty.Heismybrother.Besides，thatfamouswriterandtranslator______(be)todeliveraspeechatmyparty.Aha,sheismymother.Anumberofotherfamouspeople_____(be)toattendtheparty.Thenumberofchairs_____(be)upto500.isisareisMorethanoneperformance_____(be)prepared.Thistypeofparties_____(be)commoninthecitywelive.Eighteenyears_____(be)alongtimeinmylife.Iamnottheonewho_____(be)afraidofdifficultiesonthewaytosuccess.ItisIwho_____(be)responsibleformyownlife.语法探究isisisisam小试牛刀：语法填空Thefactoryused65percentoftherawmaterials,therestofwhich________(be)savedforotherpurposes.China’shigh-speedrailways________________(grow)from9,000to25,000kilometersinthepastfewyears.12werehavegrown小试牛刀：语法填空ThetraditionalChinesemarriageusually________(involve)somenecessaryprocedures,suchasmatchmaking,engagements,meetingthebrideandthreebows.Wheneverypupilintheschoolwearstheuniform,nobody________(have)toworryaboutfashion.34involveshasareincludes小试牛刀：句子改错Theclassroomisaplaceforlearningandthatincludelearningfromtextbooks,andmistakesaswell.ThemajorityofBritishpeopleisfriendly.34单项选择Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory______yet.01isnotdecidedarenotdecidedhasnotdecidedhavenotdecided选项可点击A单项选择Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks______tothenationasagift.02isofferedhaveofferedareofferedhasoffered选项可点击A单项选择Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe’stheonlyofthewomenwho______eveningdress.03wearwearshaswornhaveworn选项可点击B单项选择SuchpoetsasShakespeare_______widelyread,ofwhoseworks,however,some_______