贵州省铜仁市2024-2025学年高三上学期1月期末考试英语试题【含答案】

第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber页，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages页第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber页，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages页贵州省铜仁市2024-2025学年高三上学期1月期末考试英语试题一、阅读理解（本大题共5小题）AniconicattractioninArabTheBurjAlArab,designedbyBritisharchitectWSAtkins,trulyamasterpieceofarchitecturalbrilliance,islikeasailingshipgracefullyrestingontheshore.SuperiorserviceTheBurjAlArab,notjustaplacetostaybutanexperiencelikenoother,isintentionallydesignedtoofferanultimateservice.Fromthemomentyoustepin,youaregreetedwithwarmthandgenuinefriendliness.Thefrontdeskteamisincrediblyprofessional.Theyevenknowwhatyouneedbeforeyouask.Theycanarrangeanythingfromprivateshippingtourstoexclusive(独家的)diningreservationswithease.DinningspecialtyLetalonethecuisineofferingsattheBurjAlArab,theyaresimplystunning!Therestaurantsserveabundanthigh-qualitydishesfromaroundtheglobe.Imaginediningonthefreshestseafoodwhileenjoyingagrandviewoftheseathroughasubmarinetransfertotherestaurant.GeographicedgeLocatedinaprimespotwhereyoucanwakeuptothegloriousviewoftheblueseaandthegoldensands!Besides,itisjustashortdistancefromthecitycenter.Whetheryouwanttoexplorethelocalmarketsorvisithistoricalsites,thetransportationlinksareexcellentYoucanquicklyreachyourdesireddestinationswithoutanytrouble!Isn’titamazinghowtheBurjAlArabmanagestoexceedexpectations?Theanswerliesintheircommitmenttoprovidingtopservice.So,ifyou’relookingforahotelthatgoesaboveandbeyond,theBurjAlArabistheplacetobe!1．WhatcanthefrontdeskattheBurjAlArabarrangeforguests?A．Privateshippingtours. B．Inclusivedinningreservation.C．Personaltripsandadvancedbookings. D．Nothingspecial.2．IfbookingtheBurjAlArab,onewillexpecttoenjoyexcept.A．avisualfeast B．considerateserviceC．convenienceintraffic D．richseafooddiscount3．Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A．Atravelmagazine. B．Acourseplan.C．Anacademicarticle. D．Atraveljournal.ItwasanabruptdramaticreturntocompetewiththereleaseofBeyonce’s“Lemonade”.OnTuesday,LiZiqi,oneofChina’smostpopular,influencerssuddenlydroppedherfirstvideosinmorethanthreeyears,causingasocialmedialeverwhichisevenbeyondthecountry’sborders.The34-year-oldfirstrosetofamebypostingvideosaboutherlifeinthecountrysideofsouthwesternChina’sSichuanProvince.Thiscontent,whichoftenfeaturedhercookingandmakinghandicraftsagainstapeacefulruralbackdrop,quicklyfoundamassiveaudiencebothinChinaandabroad.By2021,LihadtensofmillionsoffansonChinesesocialmedian,becomingthemostpopularChinese-languageinfluenceronline,witharound20millionsubscribers.Then,heraccountssuddenlywentdarkasshereportedlygotstuckinacontractdisputewithheragency.Insteadoflyingdown,shevisitedmorethan20provincesandcitiesandmetover100intangibleculturalheritageinheritors(非物质文化遗产继承人)andculturalworkers.Shelistenedtotheirstoriesandlearnedlot.Luckily,thestar’smysterious,yearlongabsencecametoanendthisyearwhenshepostedthreenewvideoswithoutwarningtoherchannels.OnedocumentedLi’scraftingofawardrobeforhergrandmother;theothersfeaturedherbuildingabambooshedandmakingvelvetflowers.ByWednesdayafternoon,thetopicofLi’sreturnhadreceivedmorethan270millionviewsontheplatform.ThesuccessofLiZiqicomesfromherpassionforlife,forherhome.Indeed,Li’ssimplepleasuresamazepeoplelivinginthehustleandbustleofmetropolis.“Sheleadsalifethatmanydreamof,butdon’tdaretogiveuptheircurrentlifeinexchangefor,”iFwrote.Meanwhile,hercommitmenttopreservingtraditionalChineseculturehelpedherappealtoabroaderaudience.4．Fromparagraph1,wecanknowthat.A．LiZiqiandBeyoncéarecompetitorsB．LiZiqiisChina’smostpopularinfluencerC．thereturnofLiZiqiisadoredathomeandabroadD．theinfluenceofLiZiqi’svideolastsforover3years5．HowhasLiZiqi’slifebeenafterheraccountwenvirusin2021?A．Shewastrappedinadisputewithheragency.B．Heragencyhadacontractissuewithotherssuddenly.C．Shehadnointerestinshootingvideos,justlyingdown.D．Shewasreportedtoloseherselfinvisitingotherprovincesandcities6．WhathasledtothesuccessofLiZiqiaccordingtothepassage?A．Heroursultofsimplepleasure. B．Herpassionforherhometown.C．Hervisitstoprovincesandcities. D．Hercommitmenttowhatshevaluesandpreserves.7．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A．ToannounceLiZiqi’sreturn. B．TocriticizeLiZiqi’slongabsenceC．Toexplainthereasonsforherpopularity D．TodescribethecontentsofherpostedvodeosAdecadeago,KariLeibowitztraveledtoTromso,acitylocatedabovetheArcticCircleinNorway,tostudyacuriousphenomenon.Althoughthecityexperiencespolarnight,atimeofdarknesswhenthesundoesn’triseabovethehorizonfortwomonthsoftheyear,itsresidentsdidn’ttendtothinkthelongwinterasdepressing.Infact,theysawitasatimeofopportunity.ThispositiveoutlooktowardtheseasoniswhatLeibowitzcalls“wintertimemindset(心态)”.ShehasalsoobserveditamongpeopleinherresearchtripsacrossScandinavia,theNordicregion,northernJapanandotherplaceswithextremewinters.Leibowitz,ahealthpsychologistexplainshowtohugthisattitudeinabookpublishedinOctober,HowtoWinter,HarnessYourMindsettoThriveonCold,Dark,orDifficultDays.“Wintercanbecomfortable,magicalandrefreshing.”shesays.“Wejustneedtoleadourselvestowardthegoodthingsaboutit.Infact,inastudyfrom2020,Leibowitzfoundthatthefurthernorthpeoplelivedthemorepositivetheirwintertimemindsetwas,becausetheyhavenochoice.Whentheyhavesuchanextremechangebetweenseasons,theyneedtoadjusttheirbehaviorandadaptthewaythey’relivingaccordingtotheseason.Thisadaptationisreallyhealthyanduseful.Manystudieshaveshownthatmindsetsimpactourphysicalfunctioning,ouremotionalhealth,howwemovethroughouttheworld.Whenyouhavethemindsetthatwinteriswonderful,youaremorelikelytonoticeandfocusonthethingsyouenjoyabouttheseason.Thewaythatgoingforaneveningwalkinthewintermakesyoufeelrefreshed,orthewaythattheindirectlightofwinterisreallybeautifulandextremelywell-suitedforcomfortableactivitieslikereading,bakingorwriting.8．WhatwillyouexperienceinthecityTromso?A．Youcanexperiencethepolarday. B．Youcan’tseethesunfor2months.C．Youcan’tadmirethemoonforlong. D．Youcanwatchthesunriseeveryday.9．Whatistheresidents’attitudetowardthelongwinterinTromso?A．Depressed. B．Concerned. C．Disappointed. D．Optimistic10．WhichonebelongstoLeibowitz’swinterrimemindset?A．Winteriscold,wonderfulbutuncomfortableandunpleasant.B．Peopleincoldercountriesdon’tunderstandthemagicofwinter.C．Themorepositiveyourmindset,themorelikelyyouaretoenjoywinter.D．Peoplewholiveinthefurthernorthusuallydon’tlikewinter.11．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?A．Thedefinitionofmindset. B．Theinfluenceofmindset.C．Theattitudetowardswinter. D．Theactivitiesinwinter.Itisnoteasytocapturetheattentionofhundredsofthousandsofpeople,yet,inOctober2022,theactoftwoteensthrowingsoupatapaintinghasgainedmassrecognitiononline.Theseteenstendedtousethisattentiontocourageouslyconveyanimportantmessage:itistimefortheworldtowakeupandstopclimatechange.Thesetwoclimateprotestersaimedtorileuppeoplefromallaroundtheworldinsupportoftheircause.However,themajorityofviewersdidnotrespondasexpectedwithsomeevenlabelingita“childishtantrum”.Oneoftheviewerscriticized:“therewereseveralwaystogetapointcrossed.Makingastatementwithanattempttoruinorintentofdamagetopropertythatisnotyoursisthesillything.”“Amoreproductiveformofclimatechangeprotestwouldbeonethatseemsmorematureinwhichtheaudiencesandprotestersareinthesameboat.”Headdedlater.Athoughtfulclimateprotestersshouldbetheoneswhoadoptmorerationalwayssuchasdeliverpublicspeeches,whichemphasizehowclimatechangeisdirectlyaffectingpubliclivesincludinghowmoreandmoreextremeheateventsanddeathsarecausedbyhumanaction,orhowourclimatewillfaceirreversible(不可逆转的)globalwarmingwithoutpreventivemeasures,startamovementonsocialmedia,orimplementaclimatechangecurriculuminschoolstospreadawarenessinamoreorganizedmanner.Thatway,peoplewilleffectivelylearnaboutclimatechangeandrespecttheinformationinsteadoflookingdownuponthem.Movingforward,climateprotestersshouldstrivetocommunicatetheurgencyofclimatechangetoempowerotherstotakeactionforthecommongoodratherthandoruins.12．Whatcanbelearnedaboutthetwoteensfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Theygainedrecognitiononsocialmediaforthemselves.B．Theyadoptedachildishwaytoarousepeople’ssupport.C．Aminorityofviewersdidn’trespondastheyexpected.D．Theirinitialgoalandactionswereinthesameboatwithviewers.13．Thephrase“childishtantrum”inparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto.A．areasonableaction B．animmatureoutburstC．awell-plannedstrategy D．ameaningfulbehavior14．Whichofthefollowingmaynotbeincludedinapublicspeechaccordingtothepassage?A．Theeffectofclimatechangeonpubliclives.B．Theurgencyofclimatechangetotakeaction.C．Theirreversibleglobalwarmingwithoutmeasures.D．Onlinemovementsandclimatechangecurriculums.15．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A．Teens’Protest:AProperBehavior B．ClimateChange:AnUrgentConcernC．ClimateImpact:AnInevitableTopic D．ClimateChangeProtest:ArationalActionAnewstudyonplasticwastehasnamedCoca-Cola,PepsiCo,NestléandDanoneasthebiggestsourcesatplasticpollutionintheworld.16Theylookedat84countriestoseewheretheirplasticgarbagecamefrom.Between2018and2022,morethan100,000volunteerscollectedplasticwastefrombeaches,parks,rivers,andcithersites.17Muchofthewastewassingle-usefoodanddrinkcontainers.Inotherwords,cups,glassesandcontainersthatonlygetusedonceandthenthrowninthegarbage.18PepsiCowasresponsibleformorethan45,000pieces(5percent),andNestleandDanonewereeachresponsibleformorethan27,000pieces(3percent).Altogether,56companiesistoblamefortheplasticwaste.19Animals,birdsandfishcaneat,chokeon,orbecometangled(缠绕)inpiecesofthrow-awayplastic.Peoplecanabsorbmicroplasticsthroughourfoodorwater.Plasticalsocontributestoglobalwarming,becausefossilfuelsarcusedtomanufactureplastics.Morethan400millionmetrictonsofplasticareproducedeveryyear.20InlateApril,membersoftheIntergovernmentalNegotiatingCommittee-aspecialUnitedNationscommitteeontheenvironment-metinOttawatodiscusswaystoendplasticpollution.A．Anenvironmentalgroupdidthestudy.B．Plasticwasteisharmfultotheenvironment.C．PlasticwastecanbekeptundercontrolD．Halfofthatwillendupasrubbishinlessthanayear.E．Reducingtheamountofplasticisevenmoreimportant.F．Morethan100,000piecescamefromCoca-Colaproducts.G．Theygatheredmorethan1.8millionpiecesofplasticgarbage.二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）JenellewasanewandkindHampshirewoman.Shehas21nearly$400,000foranelderlydisabledveteran(退伍军人)namedDonald,whohasbeenstrugglingtokeepupwithbillswhilecaringforhiswifewhowasinhospital.ThestorybeganwhenJenellemetDonaldatapawn(典当)shopinManchester,wherehewaspawningjewelryto22hisbills.DonaldsharedwithJenellethe23situationshewasin:hisrenthadincreased,andhewasfindingitincreasinglydifficulttomakeendsmeetwhilecaringforhiswife.He24theymightlosetheirhomeandthathisbelovedwifecouldendupinacarecenterduetotheir25problem.Deeplymovedbyhissituation,Jenelle26tookaction.Shegathered$1,300fromherownsavingsand27fromfriendsandfamilytohelpthe90-year-old.Thewoman’ssupportdidn’t28there.JenellesetupaGoFundMepageforDonald,andthe29washeartwarming.Donations30fromaroundtheworld,bringingthetotaltonearly$400,000.Seeinglotsofstrangers’support,Donaldwas31,stressingthathewas“justanordinaryman”.ButasJenelleexplainedtohim,he’smuchmorethanthattothepeoplewhohavebeentouchedbyhisstory.Thesedays,Jenelle32themovingmomentwhenshetoldDonaldabouttheunbelievable33ofstrangers.“Itoldhimthatmeantthateveryoneintheworldwasseeingthisand34forwardtodonate,”shesaid.“EvenbeforeItoldhimtheamounthecouldn’tbelievethekindnessofstrangersacrosstheworld.”Thisamazingactofkindnessshowshowtheunselfishnessofstrangerscanchangelives,offering35tothosewhoneeditmost.21．A．paid B．raised C．earned D．borrowed22．A．cover B．test C．add D．cost23．A．exciting B．regular C．different D．tough24．A．convinced B．feared C．decided D．announced25．A．mental B．physical C．legal D．financial26．A．gradually B．rarely C．immediately D．narrowly27．A．contributions B．memories C．expectations D．impressions28．A．change B．stop C．appear D．approach29．A．achievement B．responsibility C．response D．target30．A．pouredin B．focusedon C．brokein D．tookon31．A．surprised B．moved C．disappointed D．satisfied32．A．suspected B．accepted C．passed D．shared33．A．generosity B．bravery C．loyalty D．honesty34．A．putting B．looking C．searching D．stepping35．A．advice B．interest C．hope D．profit三、语法填空（本大题共1小题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。FoodcanmakeaChinesecity’sattractiontotourists.Zibo,asmallcityinShandongprovince,wasfullofpeople36areeagertotryoutitsoutdoorbarbecueinsummerlastyear.Harbin,the“icecity”ofnortheasternHeilongjiangProvince,37(attract)malisonsofvisitorsthenwithamixofwintersculpturesandfrozenpeardishes38(serve)toSoutherners.TouristshavebeenfloodingtoChongqing’sfamoushotpotrestaurantsfor39(decade).Butthiswinter,whenHebeiProvincealsobegantoplaythefoodcardtoattracttourists,ittook40unusualstep.Itadvertisedalocalspecialcuisinefromanotherprovince:Anhuiflatnoodles,orbanmian(板面).Thoughithaslongbeen41(common)inShijiazhuangthaninmosttownsinAnhui,shopsaroundthecountrystillbearthenameAnhuibanmian.“AfterlivinginAnhuiformorethanhalfofmylife,IheardaboutAnhuibanmian42thefirsttimefromaclassmatefromHebeiProvince,”onenetizenwroteontheonlineplatforminJune2021.Thesimplenoodledishgetsitsnamefromthewayof43(prepare).Thedoughisconstantlybeatentoaspeciallevel,whichallowsthenoodles44(eat)anytimeinoneday.Now,banmianhasspreadacrossmanycitiesinChina,evenabroad.InJanuary,NewYorkMagazine’sfoodandrestaurantblogGrubStreetreportedonarestaurantinNYCsellingAnhuibanmian,callingitperhaps“theneighborhood’sbestnewbowlofnoodles”.Theowneroftherestaurant,however,is45(original)fromHebeiProvince,notAnhui.四、书信写作（本大题共1小题）46．假定你是李华，冬至那天，你给英国朋友Chris发去一张自己设计的冬至（WinterSolstice）的明信片。请你给她写一封邮件分享这张明信片，内容包括：（1）画面描述；（2）你的感想与期望。注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearChris,Ihopethisemailfindsyouwell.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua五、书面表达（本大题共1小题）47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。AnnaCollinswasa34-year-oldwsinglemother.Herhusbanddiedwhiletheirtwinsonswerestillbabies.Whenthetwinsturnedone,Annaexperiencedyetanotherchallenge:Oneofhersons,Adam,couldn’twalkduetolegdiscrepancy(不一致).Afterconsultingseveredoctors,thebestsuggestiontheycouldgivewasforAdamtoreceivesurgery.Tosupportthefamily,Annaworkedtwojobs.oneasawaitressatafast-foodchainandtheotherasapizzadeliveryworker.However,theamountshewastakinghomewasn’tenoughtocoverAdam’ssurgery.OneFridayafternoon.Annadecidedtogotothegrocerstobuyhertwins’foodfortheweek.Asshelineduptopay,shenoticedanoldmaninfrontofherlookingconfused.“Sorry.Ican’tgiveyougoodsunlessyouhaveenoughmoneytopay!”explainedthecashierpatiently.Annafeltawkwardfortheoldman.AlthoughshewashavingahardtimesavingupforAdam’streatment,shedecidedtohelp.Shepaidfortheoldman’sgroceries.“Doyouknowyourwayhome?”sheaskedhim.Themanstoodstill,lookingconfusedagain.ItwasthenthatAnnarealizedthemanwaslikelysufferingfrommemoryloss.Luckily,theoldmanhadanaddresscardinhispocket.itwasacoupleofblocksfromthegrocerystore.Annahelpedhimcarryhisgroceries,andtheywalkedtowardtheparkinglotwheresheparkedherpizzadeliveryservicecar.Aftershetookhimhome,Annawentstraighttowork.Afewdayslater,Annareceivedacallfromtheoldman’ssonJames.“Ijustwanttothankyouforhelpingmydadouttheotherday,”saidJames.Annareplied,“I’mgladIwasabletohelphim.Ishedoingalright?”Jamesrepliedthathisfatherwasreceivingtreatmentbecauseofmemorylossandwasrecoveringgradually.注意：(1)续写词数应为150个左右;(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。ToAnna’ssurprise,Jamessaidhehimselfwasadoctortreatinglegs.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________AftercheckingAdam’slegs,JamestoldAnnathegoodnews.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案【答案】1．C2．D3．A【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要从优质服务、特色餐厅、地理位置三个方面介绍了帆船酒店。【解析】1．细节理解题。根据Superiorservice部分中“Theycanarrangeanythingfromprivateshippingtourstoexclusive(独家的)diningreservationswithease.(他们可以轻松安排任何事情，从私人乘船旅行到独家用餐预订)”可知，前台可以为客人安排个人旅行和提前预订。故选C。2．细节理解提。根据第一段“TheBurjAlArab,designedbyBritisharchitectWSAtkins,trulyamasterpieceofarchitecturalbrilliance,islikeasailingshipgracefullyrestingontheshore.(由英国建筑师阿特金斯设计的迪拜塔就像一艘帆船优雅地停在岸边，是真正的建筑杰作)”；第一个标题“Superiorservice(超级服务)”以及倒数第二段“Besides,itisjustashortdistancefromthecitycenter.(此外，它离市中心很近)”可知，如果预订阿拉伯塔酒店，可以享受视觉盛宴、周到的服务以及便利的交通，无法享受丰富的海鲜折扣。故选D。3．推理判断题。根据标题“AniconicattractioninArab(阿拉伯的标志性景点)”以及最后一段“So,ifyou’relookingforahotelthatgoesaboveandbeyond,theBurjAlArabistheplacetobe!(所以，如果你正在寻找一个超越一切的酒店，迪拜塔就是你要去的地方！)”以及文章主要从优质服务、特色餐厅、地理位置三个方面介绍了帆船酒店。可推断选自旅行杂志。故选A。【答案】4．C5．A6．D7．A【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章内容主要包括李子柒首次在网络爆火，与经纪人产生合同纠纷，学习非物质文化遗产的知识，再一次强势回归。【解析】4．细节理解题。根据第一段“ItwasanabruptdramaticreturntocompetewiththereleaseofBeyonce’s“Lemonade”.OnTuesday,LiZiqi,oneofChina’smostpopular,influencerssuddenlydroppedherfirstvideosinmorethanthreeyears,causingasocialmedialeverwhichisevenbeyondthecountry’sborders.(这是一次戏剧性的突然回归，与碧昂斯的《柠檬水》竞争。周二，中国最受欢迎的网红之一李子柒突然发布了她三年多来的第一个视频，这在社交媒体上引发了一股甚至超越国界的力量)”可知，李子柒的回归受到了国内外的追捧。故选C。5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Then,heraccountssuddenlywentdarkasshereportedlygotstuckinacontractdisputewithheragency.(然后，据报道，她陷入了与经纪公司的合同纠纷，她的账户突然变黑了)”可知，她的账号突然被黑了据报道是因为和她的经济公司发生了合同纠纷。故选A。6．细节理解题。根据最后一段“ThesuccessofLiZiqicomesfromherpassionforlife,forherhome.(李子柒的成功来自于她对生活、对家庭的热爱)”和最后一句“Meanwhile,hercommitmenttopreservingtraditionalChineseculturehelpedherappealtoabroaderaudience.(与此同时，她对保护中国传统文化的承诺帮助她吸引了更广泛的观众)”可知，对她所珍视和保留的东西的承诺导致了李子柒的成功。故选D。7．推理判断题。根据第一段“ItwasanabruptdramaticreturntocompetewiththereleaseofBeyonce’s“Lemonade”.OnTuesday,LiZiqi,oneofChina’smostpopular,influencerssuddenlydroppedherfirstvideosinmorethanthreeyears,causingasocialmedialeverwhichisevenbeyondthecountry’sborders.(这是一次戏剧性的突然回归，与碧昂斯的《柠檬水》竞争。周二，中国最受欢迎的网红之一李子淇突然发布了她三年多来的第一个视频，这在社交媒体上引发了一股甚至超越国界的力量)”结合文章内容主要包括李子柒首次在网络爆火，与经纪人产生合同纠纷，学习非物质文化遗产的知识，再一次强势回归可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是宣布李子柒淇回归。故选A。【答案】8．B9．D10．C11．B【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主讲述了健康心理学家Leibowitz通过自己去北极的经历并通过多年的研究表明：越是生活在寒冷地方的人们，他们对冬天的心态越是健康。【解析】8．细节理解题。根据第一段“Althoughthecityexperiencespolarnight,atimeofdarknesswhenthesundoesn’triseabovethehorizonfortwomonthsoftheyear,itsresidentsdidn’ttendtothinkthelongwinterasdepressing.(虽然这座城市经历了极夜，一年中有两个月太阳不会在地平线上升起的黑暗时期，但它的居民并不倾向于认为漫长的冬天令人沮丧)”可知，你会在特罗姆瑟体验到2个月看不到太阳。故选B。9．推理判断题。根据第一段“Althoughthecityexperiencespolarnight,atimeofdarknesswhenthesundoesn’triseabovethehorizonfortwomonthsoftheyear,itsresidentsdidn’ttendtothinkthelongwinterasdepressing.Infact,theysawitasatimeofopportunity.(虽然这座城市经历了极夜，一年中有两个月太阳不会在地平线上升起的黑暗时期，但它的居民并不倾向于认为漫长的冬天令人沮丧。事实上，他们认为这是一个机会的时间)”可知他们的态度是非常积极和乐观的。故选D。10．推理判断题。根据第四段“Infact,inastudyfrom2020,Leibowitzfoundthatthefurthernorthpeoplelivedthemorepositivetheirwintertimemindsetwas,becausetheyhavenochoice.(事实上，在2020年的一项研究中，莱博维茨发现，住得越靠北的人冬天的心态就越积极，因为他们别无选择)”和第五段“Whenyouhavethemindsetthatwinteriswonderful,youaremorelikelytonoticeandfocusonthethingsyouenjoyabouttheseason.(当你的心态是冬天是美好的，你更有可能注意到并专注于你在这个季节喜欢的事情)”可知，莱博维茨的冬季心态是你的心态越积极，你就越有可能享受冬天。故选C。11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Manystudieshaveshownthatmindsetsimpactourphysicalfunctioning,ouremotionalhealth,howwemovethroughouttheworld.Whenyouhavethemindsetthatwinteriswonderful,youaremorelikelytonoticeandfocusonthethingsyouenjoyabouttheseason.Thewaythatgoingforaneveningwalkinthewintermakesyoufeelrefreshed,orthewaythattheindirectlightofwinterisreallybeautifulandextremelywell-suitedforcomfortableactivitieslikereading,bakingorwriting.(许多研究表明，心态会影响我们的身体机能、情绪健康，以及我们在世界上的行动方式。当你的心态是冬天是美好的，你更有可能注意到并专注于你在这个季节喜欢的事情。冬天晚上的散步让你感觉神清气爽，或者冬天的间接光线真的很美，非常适合阅读、烘焙或写作等舒适的活动)”可知，最后一段主要介绍了心态的影响力。故选B。【答案】12．B13．B14．D15．D【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文中是关于2022年10月两名青少年向名画泼汤来抗议气候变化的论述。文章主要说明了由不理性的抗议方式引发思考，认为气候抗议的方式应当理性、考虑周到。【解析】12．细节理解题。根据第二段“Theseteenstendedtousethisattentiontocourageouslyconveyanimportantmessage:itistimefortheworldtowakeupandstopclimatechange.Thesetwoclimateprotestersaimedtorileuppeoplefromallaroundtheworldinsupportoftheircause.However,themajorityofviewersdidnotrespondasexpectedwithsomeevenlabelingita“childishtantrum”.(这些青少年倾向于利用这种关注勇敢地传达一个重要信息：世界是时候觉醒并阻止气候变化了。这两位气候抗议者的目的是激怒世界各地的人们来支持他们的事业。然而，大多数观众的反应并不像预期的那样，有些人甚至将其称为“孩子气的发脾气”)”可知，这两个青少年采用幼稚的方式来唤起人们的支持。故选B。13．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Thesetwoclimateprotestersaimedtorileuppeoplefromallaroundtheworldinsupportoftheircause.(这两位气候抗议者的目的是激怒世界各地的人们来支持他们的事业)”以及最后一句中的However，表明前后句意思相反，并且结合第一段中用汤泼画的行为可知，这两位气候抗议者的目的是激怒世界各地的人们来支持他们的事业，然而，大多数观众的反应并不像预期的那样，有些人甚至将其称为“情绪不成熟的发脾气”。故可推测划线单词的意思是“情绪不成熟的爆发”。故选B。14．细节理解题。根据第四段“Athoughtfulclimateprotestersshouldbetheoneswhoadoptmorerationalwayssuchasdeliverpublicspeeches,whichemphasizehowclimatechangeisdirectlyaffectingpubliclivesincludinghowmoreandmoreextremeheateventsanddeathsarecausedbyhumanaction,orhowourclimatewillfaceirreversible(不可逆转的)globalwarmingwithoutpreventivemeasures,startamovementonsocialmedia,orimplementaclimatechangecurriculuminschoolstospreadawarenessinamoreorganizedmanner.(有思想的气候抗议者应该采取更理性的方式，比如通过公开演讲，强调气候变化如何直接影响公众生活，比如人类活动导致越来越多的极端高温事件和死亡，或者如果没有预防措施，我们的气候将如何面临不可逆转的全球变暖，在社交媒体上发起运动，或者在学校里实施气候变化课程，以更有组织的方式传播意识)”可知，在线运动和气候变化课程不包括在公开演讲中。故选D。15．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Amoreproductiveformofclimatechangeprotestwouldbeonethatseemsmorematureinwhichtheaudiencesandprotestersareinthesameboat.(一种更有成效的气候变化抗议形式应该是一种看起来更成熟的形式，即观众和抗议者站在同一条船上)”以及文章主要说明了由不理性的抗议方式引发思考，认为气候抗议的方式应当理性、考虑周到。故D选项“气候变化抗议：一种理性的行动”最符合文章标题。故选D。【答案】16．A17．G18．F19．B20．D【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍可口可乐、百事可乐等饮料制造的垃圾世界第一。【解析】16．根据上文“AnewstudyonplasticwastehasnamedCoca-Cola,PepsiCo,NestléandDanoneasthebiggestsourcesatplasticpollutionintheworld.(一项关于塑料垃圾的新研究称，可口可乐、百事可乐、雀巢和达能是世界上最大的塑料污染源)”以及后文“Theylookedat84countriestoseewheretheirplasticgarbagecamefrom.(他们调查了84个国家，看看他们的塑料垃圾来自哪里)”可知，上文谈到一项关于塑料垃圾的新研究将可口可乐、百事可乐、雀巢和达能列为世界上最大的塑料污染源，下文谈到他们考察了84个国家和地区，以了解他们的塑料垃圾来自哪里。A项中的thestudy与第一句话中的Anewstudy呼应，下句中的They指的是A项的Anenvironmentalgroup。故A选项“一个环保组织做了这项研究”符合语境，故选A。17．根据上文“Between2018and2022,morethan100,000volunteerscollectedplasticwastefrombeaches,parks,rivers,andcithersites.(在2018年至2022年期间，超过10万名志愿者从海滩、公园、河流和其他地方收集塑料垃圾)”以及后文“Muchofthewastewassingle-usefoodanddrinkcontainers.Inotherwords,cups,glassesandcontainersthatonlygetusedonceandthenthrowninthegarbage.(大部分垃圾是一次性食品和饮料容器。换句话说，就是那些只使用一次就被扔进垃圾桶的杯子、玻璃杯和容器)”可知，上文提到收集塑料垃圾，后文对垃圾的种类进行了说明，推测本句是在说明收集垃圾的数量情况。故G选项“他们收集了180多万件塑料垃圾”符合语境，故选G。18．根据后文“PepsiCowasresponsibleformorethan45,000pieces(5percent),andNestleandDanonewereeachresponsibleformorethan27,000pieces(3percent).(百事公司负责超过45000件（5%），雀巢和达能各负责超过27000件（3%）)”可知，本句与后文为并列关系，都是对各种饮料品牌产生的垃圾占比的分析。故F选项“超过10万件来自可口可乐产品”符合语境，故选F。19．根据后文“Animals,birdsandfishcaneat,chokeon,orbecometangled(缠绕)inpiecesofthrow-awayplastic.(动物、鸟类和鱼类可能会吃到、呛到或缠在一次性塑料碎片上)”可知，空后一句谈到，动物、鸟类和鱼类可以吃塑料、室息或被丢弃的塑料片缠绕，可知本段讲述塑料的危害。故B选项“塑料垃圾对环境有害”符合语境，故选B。20．根据上文“Morethan400millionmetrictonsofplasticareproducedeveryyear.(每年生产的塑料超过4亿吨)”可知，空前一句谈到每年生产超过4亿公吨塑料。D项中的Halfofthat与