语法专题一冠词-2023年中考语法一点通（学生版）

语法专题一、冠词（必考）考点精讲考点1不定冠词a/an 考点精讲（1）泛指某一类人或事物中的一个或一类。（2）在叙述时用于第一次提到的某人或某物之前。“每一”，“一个”（3）用在形容词最高级前，表示“非常；很”等，不强调比较。此用法比较特殊。形容词最高级前更常见的是用定冠词the，表示“最”，有比较。例如：Thisisamostbeautifulpark.这是一个非常漂亮的公园。Ihavebeentomanyparks.Thisisthemostbeautifulone.我去过很多公园。这是最漂亮的一个。（4）用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。强调数量上的增加。表泛指。此用法比较特殊。序数词前更常见的是用定冠词the，表顺序，特指“第几”。例如：Chinesecoupleareallowedtohave__a__thirdchild.中国夫妻允许生三胎。MrSmithhasthreechildren.Helenisthethirdone.史密斯先生有三个孩子。海伦是第三个。（5）某些固定词组前用不定冠词。例如：haveagoodtime,inahurry,havearest,forawhile,takeawalk,haveacold（6）特别注意：a/an的区别a用在辅音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前，an用在元音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前。注意用a还是an，看的是后面单词发音的第一个音素，而不是看单词第一个字母是否元音字母。如abook,anorange,anegg,anartist,animportantvisit，anAfrican/Asiancountry注意：①u发音为/ju:/时，单词前用a.如：ausualboy；auniversity；ausefulbook；注意另外两个特殊词:aonelegtable;aEuropeancountryu发音为元音时，单词前用an.如：anunusualmonkey,anumbrella,②常见辅音字母不发音的单词有：anhonestboy；anhour③单独字母前的用an记忆口诀：“Mr.Lihasonefox.”Thereisan“f”andan“o”intheword“frog”.在frog这个单词里面，有一个f和一个o。MyuncleboughtmeanMp4onmybirthday.我叔叔在我生日给我买了一个Mp4.Myauntis______Englishteacher.Sheteachesin______university.a;aB.an;anC.an;aD.a;anEnglishis______usefulsubject,andIstudyEnglishfor______houreveryday.A.a;a B.an;an C.an;a D.a;an考点2定冠词the基本用法例句(1)用来表示特指的或指双方都知道的人或事ThemanoverthereisJohn'suncle.(2)表示上文中提到过的人或者事ThereisanEnglishbookonthedesk.ThebookisLiLei's.(3)用在世界上独一无二的名词前Thesunisbiggerthantheearth.(themoon)(4)用在与普通名词构成的专有名词前theGreatWall,theSummerPalace,theLuvreMuseum(5)用在方位名词前intheeast/west/south/north，ontheleft/right(6)用在形容词最高级、序数词前面Thisisthehighestbuildinginthiscity.(7)play+乐器“演奏乐器”短语中，用在(西洋)乐器名词前Mysistercanplaythepianoandtheviolin.(8)用在姓氏复数形式前，表示一家人或夫妇TheSmithsarewatchingTV.(9)the和部分形容词连用，表示一类人Theoldshouldbelookedafter.(young,sick,rich,poor)(10)用在江河湖海及山脉等地理名词前TheChangjiangRiveristhelongestriverinChina.(11)用在某些固定词组中inthemorning/evening/afternoon，inthedaytime，intheend，atthesametime，bytheway，attheageof，atthebeginningof，inthemiddleof，atthemoment,gotothecinema[助记口诀]“独指方、高乐序、惯家形”Ihave_______Europeanpenfriend,andhelikesplaying_______guitar.A.an;/ B.an;the C.a;/ D.a;the—Who’s______manunderthetree?—He'smyuncle,______actor.A.a;the B.a;an C.the;the D.the;an考点3零冠词（不用冠词）基本用法例句(1)在专有名词(国名、城市名、人名、路名)或者称呼、头衔前不用冠词Beijingisabeautifulcity.(2)在季节、月份、星期、日期、节日前不用冠词Insummer/onMonday/in1995(3)在球类运动、棋类和学科名词前不用冠词MrZhanglikesplayingfootballandchess.(4)三餐饭前不用冠词havebreakfast/lunch/supper/dinner(5)名词前有“this，that，those，these，my，your，some”等其他限定词修饰时不用冠词Thisismybestfriend.(6)用在某些固定词组中athome，watchTV，listentomusic，onfoot，inbed，inhospital，atfirst，introuble，inpublic，bybus，atnoon，atnight,gotoschool注意：1.中国的传统节日前一般加“the”：theSpringFestival春节、theLanternFestival元宵节、theDragonBoatFestival端午节、theMidAutumnDay中秋节.西方节日前用零冠词：Christmas圣诞节,Thanksgiving感恩节,Halloween万圣节2.具体某年的季节前一般加“the”：inthewinterof20093.但三餐饭前如有形容词修饰时，可以用冠词，如：haveanicebreakfast4.by+交通工具；take+冠词/物主代词+交通工具5.有定冠词与无定冠词的区别：（1）gotoschool去上学（是学生）gototheschool到学校去（不一定是学生）（2）gotobed上床睡觉gotothebed走到床前（不一定是去睡觉）（3）inhospital因病住院inthehospital在医院里（不一定是病人）（4）attable吃饭atthetable在桌子旁边（5）atschool在上学attheschool在学校里（6）inclass在上课intheclass在班级里（7）infuture今后inthefuture将来（8）infrontof在（……外部的）前面inthefrontof在（……内部的）前面（9）nextyear明年（一般将来时）thenextyear第二年（一般过去时）（10）bysea乘船bythesea在海边（11）inbed（睡、病、躺）在床上inthebed（某物）在床上（12）onearth究竟ontheearth在地球上—Doesyourteachergotoworkby______careveryday?—No.Heusuallytakes______bus.A./；/ B./;the C.a;the D.the;a考点精练考点精练中考语法—冠词专项练习（共计50小题，每小题2分，总分100分。）Thereis______uniformonthesofa,and______uniformisforyou.A.a;/ B.an;/ C.an;the D.a;theAngelloveslifeandkeeping______.A.andiary B.adiaries C.adiary D.diaryThisis______“h”andthatis______“u”A.a;a B.a;an C.an;a D.an;an—Sallyis______middleschoolstudent.Howaboutherbrother?—Heis______Englishteacher.A.a；an B.an；a C.a；a D.an；anIhave_______Europeanpenfriend,andhelikesplaying_______guitar.A.an;/ B.an;the C.a;/ D.a;the________clevergirlKittyis!Shecaneupwithsomecreativewaystofinishtheproject.A.What B.How

a C.How D.What

aMycousinBettyis_____footballfan.A./ B.an C.the D.aEnglishis______usefulsubject,andIstudyEnglishfor______houreveryday.A.a;a B.an;an C.an;a D.a;anIhave_____uncleand_____aunt.A.a,

a B.an,

an C.a,

an D.an,

aSheis______famoussingerinChinaandhasmanyfans.A.the B.a C.anD./—What's

matterwiththeoldman?—Hedoesn'tfeelwell.Hehas

highfever.A./;the B./;a C.the;the D.the;aIgotadogyesterdayasabirthdaygift.

_____

dogisverycuteandIlikeit.A.The B./ C.AD.An—Lookat______boyoverthere.Helooksexcited.—Yeah,hehaswon______firstprizeintheschoolEnglishReading&Writingpetition.A.a;the B.the;a C.the;the D.a;a—Who’s______manunderthetree?—He'smyuncle,______actor.A.a;the B.a;an C.the;the D.the;an—Doesyourteachergotoworkby______careveryday?—No.Heusuallytakes______bus.A./；/ B./;the C.a;the D.the;aLaoSheis______greatwriter.He'sespeciallyfamousfor______playTeahouse.A.an；the B.a；the C.an；a D.a；anDoyouknow________girlwithlongcurlyhair？Yes.SheisHelen,mycousin.A.a B.an C.the D./—What______badweatheritistoday!—Yes,_______weathermakesmesosad.A.a;a B./;the C.a;the D.the;a1likeplaying

chessbutmybrotherlikesplaying________piano.A.the;the B.the;/ C./;the D./;/Therewillbe______8dayartexhibitioninXiamennextmonth.

Wow！Itmustbe_____

mostunusualexhibition.A.a；a B.an；the C.the；aD.a;/—Whatdidyoudolastnight,Bob?—FirstIdidmyhomework,andthenIplayed________pianoforhalf________hour.A.the;a B./;an C.the;an D.a;theNanjing,______capitalofJiangsu,is______oldcitywith______longhistoryinChina.A.a;an;/ B.a;the;a C.the;an;a D.the;the;/Hissisteris_______officeworker.Sheworksin_______officeoverthere.A.an;an B.the;the C.an;the D.the;an—Lilyisingby____

planetomorrow.—Let’sgoto________airporttomeether.A.a;a B./;a C.the;the D./;the—Howwas______dinneratMike'shouse?—Itwasgreat.Mike'smumis______wonderfulcook.A.a;

the B.the;

a C.the;

the D.a;

an—Whois______maninfrontofthepostoffice?—Theonewith______umbrella?HeisourEnglishteacher.A.the；a B.the；an C.a；an D.a；theMybrotheroftenplays________footballwithhisclassmatesafterschool.A.a B.an C./ D.theThisis______mypen.I’mwritingwith_____pen.A.the,

/ B./，the C.a,an D.an,

/—Shallweplay_______

basketballthisafternoon？—Goodidea!Doyouhave______

basketball？A.the；a B.a；a C./；

/ D./；aAllthestudentsagreedtogotoQingdaoby______seaandcampby______sea.A.the;a B.不填;the C.不填;an D.a;theWouldyoupleasenotspeaksoloudlyin_______public?Sorry.Iwillremembertospeakin______lowervoice.A.the;a B./;a C.the;the D./;/Mysonseldomhas______breakfast.Itis_______

unhealthyhabit.Youmustaskhimtochangeit.

A./;an B.the;an C./;a D.the;aMaryeats_______dinnerat7:30intheevening.A.a B.an C.the D./—Whyareyouin________hurry?—Myclassmatesareplaying________tennis.Iwanttocheerthem.A.a;/ B.an;/ C.the;the D./;the______newstudysaysthatgoingto______bedlateisharmfultoourhealth.A./,/ B.A,/ C.A;the D.The;theThespaceshiphastraveledin___space.Scientistswanttodiscoverlifein____universe.A.a,a

B.the,

the

C.\,theD.an,anMrWang,as_____elderlyman,tookpartintheSpecialGames,andfinished______secondintherace.A.a;the B.an;/ C.an;a D./;theIgoto________workafter________breakfasteveryday.A./;the B.the;the C.the;a D./;/Igaveher________usefuladvice,butshethoughtitwas________uselessanswer.A./；an B.an；an C.an；a D./；aWhat______terriblenews!Ican’tstopcryingafterhearingit.A.a B.an C./D.the—Isit

orange?—No,itisn't.It'sred.A.a B.an C.the D./Iusuallyhave_____