【统考】山东省济南市2024届高三下学期一模英语试题

绝密★启用并使用完毕前2024年3月济南市高三模拟考试英语试题本试卷共10页。满分120分。考试用时100分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区城书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀，第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMakingtinyfurnitureisnopieceofcake.Inthiscourse,joinAmandaKelly,whoisnowpursuingherMaster’sdegreeofFineArtsinSculptureatRadfordUniversity,tolearnhowtocreaterealisticfurniturefromthebeginning.Whilestudentswhohavetakenthiscoursearehighlyencouragedtosignup,studentsofalllevelsarewelcome!CourseOverviewThiscourseincludesfivesessions，eachlastingfor2hoursonfiveTuesdaysbeginningonNovember7.Session1（Tuesday，11/7，7-9:00PM）FoundationsandScaleSession2（Tuesday，11/14，7-9:00PM）MakingtheSideTableSession3（Tuesday，11/21，7-9:00PMMakingtheBedSession4（Tuesday，11/28，7-9:00PMDOnePerson’s.WasteIsAnother’sTinyTreasureSession5（Tuesday,12/5,7-9:00PM）SharingYourCreationsPricingOptionsInadditiontofull-priceticketsof$225,alimitednumberofno-payticketsareavailableforthiscourse.Pleasenotethattheseticketsarereservedforthosewhowouldnototherwisebeabletotakethiscourseandwhoexpecttoattendallsessions.No-payticketsaredistributedviaarandomdrawingtwoweeksbeforeeachcoursebegins.Formoreinformationandtoapplyforano-payspot,pleaseclickhere.WhatElsetoKnowThisisaninteractive,small-groupworkshop.Studentsareencouragedtoparticipateindiscussionsandworkonassignmentsoutsideofclass.Duetotheinteractivenatureofthiscourse,westronglyrecommendstudentsattendasmanylivesessionsaspossible.Ifstudentsareunabletoattendthelivesessions,aftereachsessiontheywillreceiveaccesstoarecordingofthelivesession,whichtheycanwatchforuptotwoweeksafterthecourseconcludes.1.Inwhichsessionmaystudentsdisplaytheirworks?A.Session2.B.Session3.C.Session4.D.Session5.2.Whatcanstudentsdoiftheymissalivesession?A.Reachouttootherstudents.B.Emailtheinstructorimmediately.C.Makeupfortheclasswithin72hours.D.Watchtherecordedclasswithin14days.3.Whatisthetext?A.Aresearchpaper.B.Asubmissionguide.C.Acourseintroduction.D.Afurniturebrochure.BWhenParamJaggiwasfiveyearsold,hehadapassiontotakethingsaparttoseewhatwasinside.Hestartedwithtoysandovenbrokeacomputer,whichmadehisparentsnottoopleased.Ashegotolder,heshiftedfrombreakingthingstobuildingthings,whichgreatlycomfortedhisparents.Inmiddleschool.hestartedworkingonprojectsinhiskitchenlaboratory,andhisfirstprojectwasmakingbiofuels.AlthoughJaggi'sparentsinitiallythoughthisexperimentswerejust.aboyhoodfancy,heremaineddeterminedtomakeadifferencetotheenvironment.Eventually,hisparentscamearoundandstartedsupportinghisdreams.Jaggi'sinterestcontinuedashegrewup,buthefocusedmoreonsolvingrealproblems,especiallythoserelatedtotheenvironment.At17,Jaggiwentbeyondhisschoolprojectsand.co-foundedEcoviate,acompanythatusestechnologytosolveeverydayenergyandenvironmentalproblems.Heplannedtotransformpeople'sideathatgoinggreenisexpensive,bymakingavailableaseriesofaffordableproductsthatareeasytouse.ThroughEcoviate,hedesignedproductsthatcouldcontributetoagreenerfuture.Oneofhisnotableinventionswasthe“CO2ube",adevicethatcouldbeattachedtovehicletailpipestoreducecarbonemissions,andit'savailabletomanypeopleatlowprices.Healsocreatedasmartwatchthatchangedbodyheatintoenergy,whichcanbeusedtopowerupthewatchaswellasmobilephones.YoungJaggi,nowathird-gradecollegestudentstudyingengineeringandeconomics,hasbecomeafamouseco-innovatorandhiscompanyisdevelopingpromisingly.However,Jaggi'svisiontosavetheenvironmentgoesbeyondcreatingproducts.HeplanstolaunchanonlineplatformthroughEcoviate,whichwillencourageyoungstudentsinterestedinscienceandtechnologytogetactivelyinvolvedininnovationandinvention.Studentscansubmitascienceprojectonline,andtalkaboutthehelpthattheyneedtomaketheprojectareality.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutJaggi?A.Hewascuriousbynature.B.Hedreamedtobeanengineer.C.Healwaysannoyedhisparents.D.Hewasaddictedtoplayingtoys.5.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedpart“camearound”inParagraph2?A.Wonout.B.Changedtheirminds.C.Walkedaround.B.Paidavisit.6.WhatdroveJaggitodevelopaffordableanduser-friendlyproducts?A.Hisloveforgreenerdevices.B.Hispursuitofacademiccareer.C.Hisdesiretomakeadifference.D.Hishopetoboostgreenindustry.7.WhydoesJaggieplantolaunchanonlineplatform?A.Topromotesmartproducts.B.Toempoweryounginventors.C.Toprovideeco-themedcourses.D.Toofferenvironmentalistsfunds.CAnewstudyrevealsthatpigeons（鸽子）cantacklesomeproblemsjustlikeartificialintelligence,enablingthemtosolvedifficulttasksthatmightchallengehumans.Previousresearchhastheorizedthatpigeonsemployaproblem-solvingstrategy,involvingatrial-and-errorapproach,whichissimilartotheapproachusedinAImodelsbutdiffersfromhumans'relianceonselectiveattentionandruleuse.Toexamineit,BrandonTurner,apsychologyprofessorattheOhioStateUniversity,andhiscolleaguesconductedthenewstudy.Inthestudy,thepigeonswerepresentedwithvariousvisualimages,includinglinesofdifferentwidthsandangles,anddifferenttypesofrings.Thepigeonshadtopeck（啄）abuttonontherightorlefttoindicatethecategorytowhichtheimagebelonged.Iftheygotitcorrect,theyreceivedfood;iftheywerewrong,theyreceivednothing.Resultsshowedthat,throughtrialanderror,thepigeonsimprovedtheiraccuracyincategorizationtasks,increasingtheircorrectchoicesfromabout55%to95%.Researchersbelievedpigeonsusedassociativelearning,whichislinkingtwophenomenawitheachother.Forexample,itiseasytounderstandthelink.between"water"and"wet"."Associativelearningisfrequentlyassumedtobefartooprimitiveto.explaincomplexvisualcategorizationlikewhatwesawthepigeonsdo,"Turnersaid.Butthat'sexactlywhattheresearchersfound.Theresearchers'AImodeltackledthesametasksusingjustthetwosimplemechanismsthatpigeonswereassumedtouse:associativelearninganderrorcorrection.And,likethepigeons,theAImodellearnedtomaketherightpredictionstosignificantlyincreasethenumberofcorrectanswers.Forhumans,thechallengewhengiventaskslikethosegiventopigeonsisthattheywouldtrytocomeupwithrulesthatcouldmakethetaskeasier.Butinthiscase,therewerenorules,whichupsetshumans.What'sinteresting,though,isthatpigeonsusethismethodoflearningthatisverysimilartoAIdesignedbyhumans,Turnersaid."Wecelebratehowsmartwearethatwedesignedartificialintelligence:atthesametime,weregardpigeonsasnotcleveranimals,"hesaid.8.Whatisthepurposeofthenewstudy?A.Totestatheory.B.Toevaluateamodel.C.Toemployastrategy.D.Toinvolveanapproach.9.Whatwerethepigeonsexpectedtodointheexperiment?A.Drawcircles.B.Correcterrors.C.Copygestures.D.Identifyimages.10.WhatdopigeonsandAIhaveincommonaccordingtothestudy?A.Theyareofequalintelligence.B.Theyaregoodatmakingrules.C.Theyrespondrapidlytoordersfromhumans.D.Theyemploysimplewaystogetthingsdone.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Pigeons'trial-and-errormethodisrevealedB.PigeonsoutperformhumansintoughtasksC."Notsmart"pigeonsmaybeassmartasAID.AImodelsafterpigeons'learningapproachDLikemanypeopleoverthepastfewyears,Ihavefoundmyselfturningtoaudiobooksasmymainmeansofreadingliterature.Ifinditfarmorecomfortableto"readwithmyears"whilemyeyesareresting.Myconsumptionofnewbookshasdoubledasaresult--butarecentpapermakesmewonderifthiswillcomeatthepriceofmycomprehension.ThestudycomesfromBoazKeysarandJanetGeipel,bothattheUniversityofChicago,anditdrawsfromthe"dualprocessmodel"ofmentalprocessing.Accordingtothis-view,wehavetwowaysofassessinginformation.System1isintuitive（直觉的），relyingonnaturalabilityandfeeling.Itisquick,butlikelyexposedtomisinformation.System2isanalytical.involvingtheuseoflogicreasoning.Itismentallydemanding.Whenitisengaged,wethinkourwaythroughthematerialstepbystep.Fordecades,psychologistshavedesignedvariousteststodeterminewhichofthesetwosystemsapersonisusing.Asoneexample,considerthe/followingquestion:HowmanyanimalsofeachkinddidMosestakeontheArk（方舟）?Ifyouansweredtwo,youwereprobablyonlyconsideringthecoreofthequestion,whichisSystem1thinking.Togettotherightanswer-zero,youneedtothinkmorecarefullyaboutthewording,whichwouldallowyoutorememberitwasNoahwhobuilttheArk,notMoses.Thatisthekindofanalyticalprocess.KeysarandGeipel'sbrilliantideawastoinvestigatewhetherthesensoryform-seeingvs.hearing-oftheinformationwouldmakeadifference.Theyfoundthatitdid:whenansweringthesekindsofsimplequestions,participantsweremorelikelytomakeerrorswhenthesentenceswerespokenoutloud,ratherthanwritten.Agreaterrelianceonourfeelingscouldbeaproblemifweareconsuminginformationthatneedslogicalstudy.Forthisreason.Iwillreturntoreadingnon-fictionwithmyeyesratherthanmyears.ButIwon'tstoplisteningtonovels.Iamquitehappytogowiththeflowofmyemotionswhilemycriticalmindtakesabreak.12.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoflisteningtoaudiobooks?A.Itiseconomical.B.Itisdemanding.C.Itistime-consuming.D.Itisrelaxing.13.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesSystem2model?A.Fairlyreliable.B.Fullyautomatic.C.Question-centered.D.Emotion-involved.14.WhyistheArkmentionedinParagraph3?A.Topresentafact.B.Toillustrateaview.C.Tointroduceatopic.D.Todrawaconclusion.15.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?A.Listeningtobookscomesataprice.B.Readingnon-fictionbooksbenefits.C.Criticalthinkingisamustinreading.D.Waysofprocessinginformationdiffer.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。RisksofOvertrainingGettinginshapeandtrainingforaneventsuchasamarathonrequireslong-lastingandintensephysicalcommitment.16Butthetruthis,sometimestheveryactswedotogethealthycanactuallypushuspastourphysicallimits.Specifically,overtrainingisasetofsignsthatoccurwhenyourbodyisnotabletorecoversufficientlybeforegoingintoyournextworkout.17Peopletendtoignorethem.Overtime,thecycleofstartingthenexttrainingsessionbeforeallowingrecoverycausesbreakdownoftheverypartsofthebodythatyouworksohardtobuildup.Thestructuresandsystemsofyourbodyadapttothedemandsyouhaveplacedonthembeforetheresttime.Ifyourworkoutslightlygoesbeyondyourcurrentability,itwilladapttowardwhatyoudidinapositiveway.18Twomainfactorsarenecessaryinrecovery:nutrition.andrest.Goodnutrition,includingwaterandproteinintake,isextremelyimportant,especiallywithin40minutesofyourworkout.19Yourbodyusesthenutrientsyouhavegivenitduringtheresttime.especiallysleep,tostrengthen.Oneofthebestwaystopreventovertrainingistofocusonyourmorningrestingheartrate.20Generally,youwilldetectanincreaseinyourheartratebeforetheothersignsshowup.Trackingitinalogcanbeagreatwaytomonitoryourrecovery.A.It'seasytomeasureandtrack.B.Allowingtimeforrecoveryisalsoessential.C.Theproblemisthattheyshowupverygradually.D.Belowarethesignsandsymptomsofovertraining.E.Listeningtoyourbodywillassureyouofyourfitnessgoals.F.Iffarbeyond,it'lltakelongertoadaptandmaycauseinjury.G.Wegenerallyassumeregularintenseexercisegoodforourhealth.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The13-year-oldgirlAnnaGraceisavolleyballmanager,abasketballmanager,andatheatervolunteer,butperhapshergreatest21isthefactthatshehasbeatencancertwice.Annawasfirstdiagnosed（诊断）withararetypeof22inDecemberof2019.Asoftballplayeratthetime,shetoldherparentsshewasexperiencingmuscle23inherleftarm,onlyliftingitabouteye-level.Shehadto24surgeryonherleftarm.Forthefollowingweekendsafterthesurgery,doctorsscannedher25tomakesureshewascancer-freeandtheninAugustof2023,doctors26aspotonherlungs.Shehadanother27onSeptembertoremoveit.Annasaidlaterthefirsttimewithcancer,itfeltlikealearningstage.Thesecondtimearound,itwasalittle28toacceptthenews.Andthroughoutallofthis,Annahashadto29schoolworkandhospitallife.Hersufferingswithcancerforcedhertoreally30herselfbecauseshewasoutofschoolforquiteawhile.Nowshehas31andhasstraightAs.Anna'sfather,EricBartel,saidherjourneyhasinspiredhimto32everymoment,enjoyingtimewithhislovingdaughter.Annaisdoingwellthesedaysthough.She's33intheaterandisacoach'sassistant."Whenyou'reon34youhavetokeepfighting,Annasaid."Alwayslivelifetothefullesteachday.You'reloved.Yourlife35.”21. A.excitement B.achievement C.devotion D.ambition22. A.pain B.cold C.cancer D.fever23. A.weakness B.growth C.recovery D.relief24. A.perform B.have C.attend D.refuse25. A.briefly B.occasionally C.partly D.regularly26. A.noticed B.crased C.ignored D.marked27. A.assessment B.appointment C.examination D.operation28. A.harder B.easier C.stranger D.better29. A.solve B.connect C.abandon D.balance30. A.apply B.control C.convince D.forgive31. A.caughtup B.heldback C.droppedout D.blownup32. A.spare B.appreciate C.imagine D.create33. A.active B.graceful C.dominant D.cautious34. A.vacation B.trust C.treatment D.duty35. A.declines B.suffers C.matters D.waits第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Drivenbyagreatpassionforguqin,36isanancientChineseinstrument,LiXiangting,aprofessorattheCentralConservatoryofMusicinBeijing37（devote）nearly70yearstomasteringandpromotingitsincehisfirstencounterwithit.In1958,LibecametheonlyguginmajorintheTraditionalChineseInstrumentsDepartment.Giventhatguqinwas38（relative）unknown,Liwasoftenignored.Everyoneconsidereditoutofdate,39hethoughtitdeservedanimportantpositionandwasdeterminedtomakeit40（appreciate）byeveryone.Inordertointroduceit41aglobalaudience,Liinnovatedwhilehonoringtheinstrument'srichtraditions.Later,healsoproducedteachingvideos,42（publish）books,andreleasedalbums,significantlyboostingtheinstrument's43（popular）.Inthefollowingyears,moreenthusiastsandmusicianslikeLiworkedontheart,With44（they）efforts,theUNESCOrecognizedtheartasanintangible（非物质的）heritageofhumanityin2003.Moreover,hisdaughter,LiPengpeng,hasfollowedinherfather'sfootsteps,45（serve）asanambassadorinpromotingtraditionalChineseculture.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Frank发来邮件，询问你校“阳光大课间”活动的开展情况。请写封回信，内容包括：1.活动内容；2.你的看法。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearFrank,Yourssincerely,LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。6-year-oldQuinnHillbecameherfamily'sherowhenshetookimmediateactionduringanemergencythatsavedhermother'slifewiththehelpofherneighbor,Mrs.Smith.Jennifer,a39-yearoldsinglemother,beganthedaybysendingherchild,Hill,toschool.Havingnoideawhatwouldhappen,Jenniferwasfilledwithanxiety.Afterall,itwasthefirstdayofanewschoolyearforHill,afreshstart!Onthewayschool.sherepeatedlyremindedHilltosolveproblemspositivelyandfitin.Thoughworried,Jenniferhadtowavegoodbyetoherdaughter,watchinghertowardstheschoolgate.Thewholedaywaspackedwithhousework.Jennifertidi