2023-2024学年辽宁省大连市高一下学期7月期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1辽宁省大连市2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AApodcastisasoundfilesimilartoaradiobroadcast,whichcanbedownloadedandlistenedtoonyourphoneorPad.Ifyouwanttogetentertainedorlearnsomethingnew,herearesomemostexcitingpodcastseries.SixthSensePamSica’sfriendssaidsheshouldputherdogtosleep.Afterall,the15-year-oldgoldenretrieverwasagingand—tomakemattersworse—wasnowactingstrangely.Alongstoryaboutafamily’slovefortheirdogandhowhepaidthembackinthemostshockingway.ThinkFast,TalkSmartWeallhavetheabilitytoexpressourselvesmoreclearly,especiallyatwork.StanfordGraduateSchoolofBusinesslecturerMattAbrahamsdiscussesreal-worldchallengesandofferstipssuchaswritingbetteremailsandpreparingformeetingsandpresentations.ASongofIceandFireForthosewholikelonglistens,GeorgeR.R.Martinsseriesclaimsthe(Iron)Throne(王冠).Thefirststory,the33-hour-longGameofThrones,wonaGuinnessWorldRecordforthe“mostcharactervoicesinanaudio-book”with224charactersalone.Unreal:ACriticalHistoryofRealityTVSinceitexplodedintheearly2000swithshowslikeBigBrotherandSurvivor,realityTVhasbothfascinatedandamazedviewers.TheBBC’sSirinKaleandPandoraSykesexplorethemessuchastheKardashians’creationofcelebrity(网红),andwhySellingSunsetandRealHousewivesaresosuccessful.1.Whichpodcasthelpsimprovecommunicativeskills?A.SixthSense.B.Unreal:ACriticalHistoryofRealityTV.C.ThinkFast,TalkSmart.D.ASongofIceandFire.2.Howmanypodcastsaresuitableforlistenerswhoarefondoflongstories?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.3.WhatisthepodcastUnreal:ACriticalHistoryofRealityTVabout?A.Discoveringthetruthbehindthescenes.B.Teachinghowtobetrainedasacelebrity.C.Providingsurvivalskillsinthewild.D.CriticizingtheshowsgivenbyBBC.〖答案〗1.C2.A3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种不同类型的播客系列，包括它们的内容和特点。【1题详析】推理判断题。根据ThinkFast,TalkSmart部分中“Weallhavetheabilitytoexpressourselvesmoreclearly,especiallyatwork.

StanfordGraduateSchoolofBusinesslecturerMattAbrahamsdiscussesreal-worldchallengesandofferstipssuchaswritingbetteremailsandpreparingformeetingsandpresentations.”（我们都有能力更清楚地表达自己，尤其是在工作中。斯坦福商学院讲师马特·亚伯拉罕斯讨论了现实世界中的挑战，并提供了如何写更好的电子邮件和为会议和演讲做准备的技巧。）可知，ThinkFast,TalkSmart这个播客有助于提高沟通技巧。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据ASongOfIceAndFire部分中的“Forthosewholikelonglistens…”（对于那些喜欢长时间收听的人……）可知，只有ASongOfIceAndFire这个播客提到适合喜欢长时间听故事的人。故选A项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Unreal:ACriticalHistoryofRealityTV部分中的“TheBBC’sSirinKaleandPandoraSykesexplorethemessuchastheKardashians’creationofcelebrity(网红),andwhySellingSunsetandRealHousewivesaresosuccessful.”（BBC的西里恩·凯勒和潘多拉·赛克斯探讨了诸如卡戴珊家族如何创造网红，以及为什么《日落家园》和《真实主妇》如此成功等主题。）可知，Unreal:ACriticalHistoryofRealityTV这个播客是关于真人秀节目背后的真相的探讨。故选A项。BThefounderofEarthDaywasGaylordNelson,thenaU.S.Senator(参议员).Duringthelate1960s,Americansexperiencedtheunexpectedsideeffectsofhighproductivityofindustry.Factoriesweregivingoutsmokewhileleadedpetrolwereusedforvehicles,makingairpollutionincreasinglysevere.WhatmovedSenatorNelsontoactionwasthe1969massiveoilspill(溢出)inCalifornia,whichhadkilledabout3,500seabirds,besidesseaanimalslikedolphinsandseals,causinggreatpublicanger.Inspiredbythestudentantiwarmovementatthattime,Nelsonfounditapropertimetochanneltheenergyofthestudentstowardsafightforenvironmentalprotection.Andthesure-firewaywasthroughpublicpressure.ThusEarthDaywasbornin1970,andpublicenvironmentalawarenesstookcenterstage.On22ndApril1970,millionsofAmericanstooktothestreetstodemonstrateforasustainableenvironmentandthousandsofstudentsmarchedagainsttheworseningenvironment.Differentgroupswerenowworkingtogetherforasharedgoal—environmentalconservationandtheeffortbecameeffective.Thegovernmenttooktoughermeasuresandaffectedbusinesseswereforcedtofollowstandards.Asenvironmentalissueswerenotjustlocalizedonesbutaglobalconcern,theyear1990sawEarthDayreachouttomanymorearoundtheworld.EarthDay1990helpedpavethewayforthe1992UnitedNationsEarthSummitinRiodeJaneiro,bringingtogethermanynationsforajointefforttowardsprotectingtheenvironment.ForhisroleasfounderofEarthDay,SenatorNelsonwasawardedthePresidentialMedalofFreedom(1995),thehighesthonourintheUSA,bythenUSPresidentClinton.Wesalute(致敬)theman,asthefightforcleanerenvironmentcontinues.4.WhatmotivatedSenatorNelsontostartEarthDay?A.Highproductivityofindustry.B.Increasinglysevereairpollution.C.The1969oilspillintheUSA.D.Thestudents’involvementinwar.5.WhatplayedanessentialroleinthebirthofEarthDay?A.Students’movement. B.Strictregulations.C.Government’smeasures. D.Publicpressure.6.InwhichyeardidEarthDaystarttodrawtheworld’sattention?A.1970. B.1990. C.1992. D.1995.7.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheestablishmentofEarthDay.B.Theeffortofgoinggreenglobally.C.Fightingforcleanerenvironment.D.HonoringthefounderofEarthDay.〖答案〗4.C5.D6.B7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了地球日创始人盖洛德•尼尔森创办地球日的由来，以及为提高公众保护环境意识、为保护地球所作出的贡献。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“WhatmovedSenatorNelsontoactionwasthe1969massiveoilspillinCalifornia(促使参议员尼尔森采取行动的是1969年加州发生的大规模石油泄漏)”可知，1969年美国加州的石油泄漏事件促使参议员尼尔森采取行动创办了地球日。故选C项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Andthesure-firewaywasthroughpublicpressure.ThusEarthDaywasbornin1970,andpublicenvironmentalawarenesstookcenterstage.(而确保成功的方法是通过公众的压力。于是，1970年地球日诞生了，公众环保意识成为了中心议题)”可知，在地球日的诞生过程中，公众压力起到了至关重要的作用。故选D项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Asenvironmentalissueswerenotjustlocalizedonesbutaglobalconcern,theyear1990sawEarthDayreachouttomanymorearoundtheworld.(由于环境问题不仅仅是局部问题，而是一个全球性的问题，1990年，地球日吸引了世界各地更多人的关注)”可知，地球日在1990年开始引起全世界的关注。故选B项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中“ThefounderofEarthDaywasGaylordNelson,thenaU.S.Senator(参议员).(地球日的创始人是盖洛德·纳尔逊，当时他是美国参议员)”、第二段中“ ThusEarthDaywasbornin1970,andpublicenvironmentalawarenesstookcenterstage.(于是，1970年地球日诞生了，公众的环保意识占据了舞台的中心)”和最后一段中“ForhisroleasfounderofEarthDay,SenatorNelsonwasawardedthePresidentialMedalofFreedom(1995),thehighesthonourintheUSA,bythenUSPresidentClinton.Wesalute(致敬)theman,asthefightforcleanerenvironmentcontinues.(由于他作为地球日的创始人，纳尔逊参议员被当时的美国总统克林顿授予总统自由勋章(1995)，这是美国的最高荣誉。我们向他致敬，为更清洁的环境而战。)”可知，文章主要介绍了地球日创始人盖洛德•尼尔森创办地球日的由来，以及为共同努力保护环境所作出的贡献；由此可知，本文的主旨是纪念地球日的创始人GaylordNelson，D项“HonoringthefounderofEarthDay(纪念地球日的创始人)”符合本文主旨。故选D项。CAlmosteveryoneagreesthatartisimportant,buttheydisagreeonwhethergovernments,usingtaxpayers’publicmoney,shouldbefundingit.Also,ifgovernmentsdospendmoneyonart,whatartworksshouldtheybuyandforwhatpurpose?Mostgovernmentspurchasewell-knownartworksforpublicgalleries,suchastheMetropolitaninNewYork,theNationalGalleryinLondon,theLouvreinParisandtheUffiziinFlorence,whichareallfreetothepublic.Mostpeopledonotobjecttopublicmoneybeingspentonkeepinggreatartworksavailabletothepubliceye.However,therearesometypesthepublicareoftennotsohappyaboutsupporting.Inthe1980swhenmostpeopleseemedtohavelostinterestinart,theTurnerPrizewasstartedinordertoregainpublic’sattentionagain.Thisisacontemporaryartawardsupportedbytaxpayers.In1999,theTurnerPrizecameundergreatpubliccriticismwhenTraceyEminwasshortlistedfortheprizeforherworkcalled“MyBed”.“MyBed”washeractualbedwhichshehadlaininfordaysfollowingarelationshipbreakup.Tosome,thiswasabreakthroughandsomevisitorsevenjumpedintothebedandrolledaround.Toothers,itwassimplyadiveintothedepthsofhumandepravity(堕落).Butisthekindof“work”donebyEmin“art”?Andshouldthepublicpayforit,especiallywhenitissocontroversial(有争议的)?Westernartiscertainlyatacrossroads.Doesitkeepexploringthedarksideordoesitseekanidealbeauty?Perhapstheanswerdependsonthepublicatlargeandthevaluestheyhold.ManypeoplewerepleasedwhenRichardWrightwontheTurnerPrizein2009withhisfresco(壁画).Itsartisticbeauty,poeticnatureanduseofhistorictraditionmightshowsthatsocietyislookingforsomethingmorepositiveand“rooted”initshistoryagain.Ifpublicmoneyisspentonart,itisessentialthatthepublicplayakeyroleindebatingbothart,andwhatarttheyarewillingtopayfor.8.WhyaresomegalleriesmentionedinParagraph2?A.Theyarewellknownworldwide. B.Theyappealtothepublic.C.Theyofferfreeadmission. D.Theyarepubliclyfunded.9.Whatdoweknowabout“Mybed”?A.It’sacontroversialpainting. B.Itcausedopposingreactions.C.Itseeksidealbeautyandtruth. D.Itgoesagainstcontemporaryart.10.Whichwordcanbestdescribethepublic’sattitudetoWright’sfresco?A.Appreciative. B.Opposed. C.Doubtful. D.Unhappy.11.Whoshouldhavethefinalsayonpublicinvestmentinartaccordingtothepassage?A.Artists. B.Thegovernment. C.Taxpayers. D.TurnerPrizewinners.〖答案〗8.C9.B10.A11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论政府是否应该使用纳税人的钱来资助艺术，以及如果资助，应该购买什么样的艺术品以及购买的目的。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Mostgovernmentspurchasewell-knownartworksforpublicgalleries,suchastheMetropolitaninNewYork,theNationalGalleryinLondon,theLouvreinParisandtheUffiziinFlorence,whichareallfreetothepublic.”（大多数政府为公共画廊购买知名艺术品，如纽约的大都会博物馆、伦敦的国家美术馆、巴黎的卢浮宫和佛罗伦萨的乌菲兹美术馆，这些都是免费向公众开放的。）可推知，段中提及这些画廊的目的是为了说明它们都是政府出资的公共画廊，向公众免费开放。故选C项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“In1999,theTurnerPrizecameundergreatpubliccriticismwhenTraceyEminwasshortlistedfortheprizeforherworkcalled“MyBed”.”（1999年，当特雷西·艾敏因作品《我的床》入围特纳奖时，特纳奖受到了公众的强烈批评。）可知，《我的床》这件作品引发了人们对特纳奖的反对。故选B项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ManypeoplewerepleasedwhenRichardWrightwontheTurnerPrizein2009withhisfresco(壁画).Itsartisticbeauty,poeticnatureanduseofhistorictraditionmightshowsthatsocietyislookingforsomethingmorepositiveand“rooted”initshistoryagain.”（当理查德·赖特凭借他的壁画获得2009年特纳奖时，许多人都很高兴。它的艺术美、诗性和对历史传统的利用可能表明，社会正在重新寻找更积极、更“扎根”于历史的东西。）可知，人们对查德·赖特的壁画持欣赏的态度，故用形容词appreciative(欣赏的，赞赏的)。故选A项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Ifpublicmoneyisspentonart,itisessentialthatthepublicplayakeyroleindebatingbothart,andwhatarttheyarewillingtopayfor.”（如果公共资金被用于艺术，那么公众必须在辩论艺术和他们愿意为之付费的艺术方面发挥关键作用。）可知，公众，即纳税人，应该对公共投资艺术有最终发言权。故选C项。DVictorBorgeoncewrote,“Laughteristheclosestdistancebetweentwopeople.”Yetlaughterisn’talwayspositiveforrelationships.Thinkofyourfriendlaughingatyourembarrassingmistake.Thiskindofunsharedlaughtercanhavetheoppositeeffect.Now,anewstudyexploreswhenlaughterworksasasocialglue.Whileallgenuinelaughtermayhelpusfeelgood,sharedlaughtermaycommunicatetoothersthatwehaveasimilarworldview,whichstrengthensourrelationships.ResearchersattheUniversityofNorthCarolinafoundawaytoproducesharedlaughtertomeasureexperimentallyhowitmightimpactarelationshipwithastranger.Participantswatchedafunny,not-so-funny,ornot-funny-at-allvideowhilevideo-chattingwithanothersame-sexparticipant.Unknowntothem,thevideochatdisplayedapre-recordedclip(片段)ofsomeonelaughingthesameamountforeachofthetwofunnyvideos,butonlysmilingoccasionallyduringtheunfunnyvideo.Thisproducedmoresharedlaughterinthefirstsituation,lesssharedlaughterinthesecond,andnosharedlaughterinthethird.Afterwards,theparticipantsthenfilledoutquestionnairesabouttheirsenseofsimilaritytotheirvideopartner,andhowmuchtheylikedorwantedtogettoknowtheirvideopartner.Resultsshowedthat,acrossthedifferentvideos,theamountofsharedlaughterhadconsistent(一致的)effectsontheparticipants’senseofsimilaritytothevideopartner—andthatthis,inturn,increasedhowmuchparticipantslikedtheirpartnerandwantedtoaffiliatewithhimorher.“Forpeoplewhoarelaughingtogether,sharedlaughtersignalsthattheyseetheworldinthesameway,anditmomentarilyimprovetheirsenseofconnection,”saysSaraAlgoe,co-authorofthestudy.Howcanweputthesefindingsintopractice?Algoesuggeststhatrelationshippartnersmaywanttofindopportunitiestolaughtogetherinordertoboostcloseness,especiallybeforehavingdifficultconversations.Likewise,sharedlaughtercouldbeintroducedintostaffmeetingstomakepeoplefeelmoreonthesamepageandthusbecomemoreproductive.12.Whatisthefindingoftheexperiment?A.Laughtercreatesdistances.B.Laughterisareliablesocialglue.C.Unsharedlaughterhasnegativeeffect.D.Sharedlaughterbringscloseness.13.Whataretheparticipantsaskedtodointheexperiment?A.Recordthereactiontothevideos.B.Videochatwithasame-sexstranger.C.Filloutquestionnairesonthevideos.D.Laughthesameamounteachtime.14.Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedphrase“affiliatewith”inParagraph4?A.Connectwith. B.Turnto. C.Agreewith. D.Referto.15.InwhichsituationissharedlaughterprobablyusedaccordingtoAlgoe?A.Duringacourtmeeting. B.Afterseeingadoctor.C.Beforesolvingconflicts. D.Whentakinganexam.〖答案〗12.D13.B14.A15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北卡罗来纳大学的研究人员的一项新研究，他们发现共同的笑声可以作为一种社交粘合剂，增强人与人之间的关系。文章还提到了这项研究的结果以及如何将这一发现应用到实际生活中。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Now,anewstudyexploreswhenlaughterworksasasocialglue.Whileallgenuinelaughtermayhelpusfeelgood,sharedlaughtermaycommunicatetoothersthatwehaveasimilarworldview,whichstrengthensourrelationships.”（现在，一项新的研究探索了笑在什么时候会起到社交粘合剂的作用。虽然所有真诚的笑声都能让我们感觉良好，但共同的笑声可以向他人传达我们有相似的世界观，从而加强我们的关系。）和第四段中“Resultsshowedthat,acrossthedifferentvideos,theamountofsharedlaughterhadconsistent(一致的)effectsontheparticipants’senseofsimilaritytothevideopartner—andthatthis,inturn,increasedhowmuchparticipantslikedtheirpartnerandwantedtoaffiliatewithhimorher.”（结果表明，在不同的视频中，共同笑声的次数对参与者与视频伙伴的相似感有一致的影响——而这反过来又增加了参与者对伙伴的喜爱程度，并希望与他或她建立联系。）可知，实验的发现是共同的笑声能带来亲密感。故选D项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Participantswatchedafunny,not-so-funny,ornot-funny-at-allvideowhilevideo-chattingwithanothersame-sexparticipant.”（参与者在与另一位同性参与者进行视频聊天时，观看了一段有趣、不太有趣或完全不好笑的视频。）可知，实验要求参与者与一位同性陌生人进行视频聊天。故选B项。【14题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词后“‘Forpeoplewhoarelaughingtogether,sharedlaughtersignalsthattheyseetheworldinthesameway,anditmomentarilyimprovetheirsenseofconnection,’saysSaraAlgoe,co-authorofthestudy.”（研究的合著者萨拉·阿尔戈说：“对于一起笑的人来说，共同的笑声表明他们以同样的方式看待世界，这暂时提升了他们的联系感。”）可知，共同的笑声会让人们觉得彼此看法相似，从而想要与对方建立联系，所以affiliatewith在此处的意思是“与……建立联系”，与connectwith意思相近。故选A项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Algoesuggeststhatrelationshippartnersmaywanttofindopportunitiestolaughtogetherinordertoboostcloseness,especiallybeforehavingdifficultconversations.”（阿尔戈建议，关系中的双方可能想要找到一起笑的机会，以增强亲密感，尤其是在进行困难的对话之前。）可推知，在解决冲突之前，人们可能会使用共同的笑声来增强亲密感。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Sometimes,it’sgoodtobebored“Iamdyingofboredom,”complainstheyoungwifeYelenainChekhov’s1897playUncleVanya.Ofcourse,ifYelenawerearoundtoday,weknowwhatshewoulddo:pullouthersmartphoneandfindsomethingfun.Todayitiseasytogetridofboredom.____16____Thatisthefindingoftwofascinatingrecentstudies.Inone,researchersaskedsubjectstodosomethingboring,likecopyingoutnumbersfromaphonebook,andthentaketestsofcreativethinkings.Theresult?____17____Inthesecondstudy,subjectsgavemoreanswerstoawordtestthananon-boredcontrolgroupafterbeingforcedtowatchadullscreensaver.“Anrestlessmindhungersforstimulation,soboredombecomesaseekingstate,”saysSandiMann,thepsychologistattheUniversityofCentralLancashire.“____18____”Parentswilltellyouthatkidswith“nothingtodo”willeventuallyinventsomefungamestoplay—withacardboardbox,alightswitch,whatever.Theproblem,theresearchersworry,isthatthesedayswedon’tstruggletoovercometheseslowmoments.“___19___”Mannsays.“Thismightrelieveustemporarily,butitshutsdownthedeeperthinking.”Sohereisanidea:Insteadofalwaysavoidingboredom,embraceandfaceit.Sometimes,anyway.Mannhasfoundshegetssomeofherbestthinkingdonewhensheisdrivinghercarandthereforecan’tbedistractedbyherphone.____20____Thegoodtypeinspiresyoutoseewhatcancomeofit.Thebadtype,incontrast,tiresyouandmakesyoufeellikeyoucan’tbebotheredtodoanything.Animportantpartofourmoderntask,then,islearningtoevaluatethesedifferenttypesofboredom—todistinguishtheusefulkindfromtheharmfulone.A.Andthereis,ofcourse,badboredom.B.Boredsubjectscameupwithmorecreativeideas.C.Butwhatifboredomisameaningfulexperience?D.Thesemomentsarealotmorevaluablethanexpected.E.Actually,tipsongettingawayfromboredomarecountless.F.Wetrytokilleverymomentofboredomwithmobiledevices.G.Whennotsatisfiedwithyourstate,you’reseekingandengaged.〖答案〗16.C17.B18.G19.F20.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了无聊的好处，两项研究发现无聊可以激发创造力，并提出我们应该学会区分好的无聊和糟糕的无聊。【16题详析】上文提到““Iamdyingofboredom,”complainstheyoungwifeYelenainChekhov’s1897playUncleVanya.

Ofcourse,ifYelenawerearoundtoday,weknowwhatshewoulddo:pullouthersmartphoneandfindsomethingfun.Todayitiseasytogetridofboredom.(在契诃夫1897年的戏剧《万尼亚叔叔》中，年轻的妻子叶莲娜抱怨道：“我无聊得要死。”当然，如果叶莲娜在今天，我们知道她会做什么：拿出她的智能手机，找一些有趣的事情。今天摆脱无聊很容易)”指出人们讨厌无聊，总是想摆脱无聊。C项“Butwhatifboredomisameaningfulexperience?(但如果无聊是一种有意义的体验呢?)”与上文构成转折关系，引出下文两项研究的新发现：无聊可以激发创造力，同时C项中“boredomisameaningfulexperience”与下文中“That”构成指代关系。故选C。【17题详析】上文“Inone,researchersaskedsubjectstodosomethingboring,likecopyingoutnumbersfromaphonebook,andthentaketestsofcreativethinkings.Theresult?(在第一项研究中，研究人员让受试者做一些无聊的事情，比如从电话簿中抄录数字，然后进行创造性思维的测试。结果呢?)”提到一项关于创造性思维的研究并提出问题。B项“Boredsubjectscameupwithmorecreativeideas.(无聊的受试者提出了更多有创造性的想法)”回答问题给出〖答案〗，说明在这项研究中无聊的受试者提出了更多有创造性的想法，上下文语意连贯。故选B。【18题详析】上文提到“Anrestlessmindhungersforstimulation,soboredombecomesaseekingstate,(焦躁不安的头脑渴望刺激，因此无聊成为一种寻求的状态)”说明无聊会让人寻求新的东西。G项“Whennotsatisfiedwithyourstate,you’reseekingandengaged.(当你不满足于你的状态时，你就会去寻找和投入)”与上文语意一致，也是中央兰开夏大学的心理学家SandiMann的观点，说明无聊会激发人的探索和创新精神。同时下文“kidswith“nothingtodo”willeventuallyinventsomefungamestoplay—withacardboardbox,alightswitch,whatever.(“无事可做”的孩子们最终会发明一些有趣的游戏来玩——用纸板箱、电灯开关等等)”对此进行了举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选G。【19题详析】设空句和下文“Thismightrelieveustemporarily,butitshutsdownthedeeperthinking.(这可能会让我们暂时缓解无聊，但它会阻止我们更深层次的思考)”都是Mann的观点，根据下文中“Thismightrelieveustemporarily(这或许会让我们暂时放松)”可知，设空句会提到一种暂时缓解无聊的方法。F项“Wetrytokilleverymomentofboredomwithmobiledevices.(我们试图用移动设备打发无聊的每一刻)”中提出我们用移动设备打发无聊，与下文“This”构成指代关系，上下文语意连贯。故选F。【20题详析】下文“Thegoodtypeinspiresyoutoseewhatcancomeofit.Thebadtype,incontrast,tiresyouandmakesyoufeellikeyoucan’tbebotheredtodoanything.(好的类型激励你看到它（带来的好的）结果。相反，糟糕的类型会让你感到疲惫，让你觉得自己什么都懒得做)”提到两种不同类型的无聊。A项“Andthereis,ofcourse,badboredom.(当然，也有糟糕的无聊)”引出下文对两种无聊类型的对比和讨论，上下文语意连贯。故选A。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。IhatedthatIwasbornwithacleftpalate(腭裂).IclearlyknewhowuglyIlookedtoothers:a(n)____21____lip,crookednose,lopsidedteethandsomewhatunclear____22____.Whenasked,“Whathappenedtoyourlip?”I’dsaythatI’dfallenasababyand____23____itonapieceofglass.Somehowitseemedmore____24____tohavesufferedanaccidentthantohavebeenborndifferent.IfirmlybelievedthatIdidn’t____25____theloveoutsidemyfamily.AndthenIenteredGradeThreeand____26____Mrs.Leonard,averylovelyteacher.Thetimecamefortheannual“hearingtests”.Iwas____27____abletohearanythingoutofoneear,butIwasnotabouttorevealanotherproblemthatwouldsinglemeoutas____28____.ThusI____29____.Ihadlearnedtowatchotherchildrenand_____30_____themtoraisemyhandduringgrouptesting.The“whispertest”,however,requiredadifferentkindofdeception(欺骗).Eachchildwouldcloseoneearwitha_____31_____,andtheteacherwouldwhispersomething,whichthechildwouldrepeat.Whilewaitingformyturn,I_____32_____whatMrs.Leonardmightsay,maybethingslike“Theskyisblue.”or“Doyouhavebreakfast?”.Myturncameup.Iturnedmybadeartoher,_____33_____theothertightlywithmyfinger,andthengently_____34_____myfingeroutenoughtobeabletohear.Iwaitedandthenheardthewordsthatchangedmylifeforever.Mrs.Leonardsaid_____35_____,“Iwishyouweremylittlegirl.”21.A.bleeding B.injured C.misshapen D.smooth22.A.speech B.mood C.thought D.behaviour23.A.burned B.cut C.bitten D.rounded24.A.sufficient B.reliable C.worthwhile D.acceptable25.A.value B.desire C.ignore D.deserve26.A.encountered B.joined C.attracted D.amused27.A.mostly B.fortunately C.barely D.incredibly28.A.ugly B.outstanding C.kind D.different29.A.quitted B.cheated C.rejected D.failed30.A.follow B.permit C.request D.persuade31.A.pole B.cloth C.finger D.device32.A.insisted B.questioned C.argued D.wondered33.A.plugging B.taking C.catching D.breaking34.A.bent B.folded C.stuck D.backed35.A.desperately B.softly C.loudly D.coldly〖答案〗21.C22.A23.B24.D25.D26.A27.C28.D29.B30.A31.C32.D33.A34.D35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者因为天生腭裂而感到自卑，但在三年级时遇到了一位非常可爱的老师——Leonard夫人，她的一句话改变了作者的一生。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我清楚地知道我看起来有多丑：畸形的嘴唇，弯曲的鼻子，参差不齐的牙齿，还有一些不清楚的发音。A.bleeding流血的；B.injured受伤的；C.misshapen畸形的；D.smooth平滑的。根据上文“IhatedthatIwasbornwithacleftpalate(腭裂).”可知，作者的嘴唇是畸形的。故选C项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.speech说话，说话方式；B.mood情绪；C.thought想法；D.behaviour行为。根据上文“Iwasbornwithacleftpalate(腭裂)”和“lopsidedteeth”可推知，作者因为腭裂和参差不齐的牙齿说话不清楚。故选A项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当被问及“你的嘴唇怎么了？”我会说，我小时候摔了一跤，嘴唇被一块玻璃割破了。A.burned烧伤；B.cut割破；C.bitten咬；D.rounded使成圆形。根据上文“I’dfallenasababy”和下文“apieceofglass”可推知，作者解释说自己的嘴唇被玻璃割破了。故选B项。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不知为何，遭遇意外似乎比天生与众不同更容易让人接受。A.sufficient足够的；B.reliable可靠的；C.worthwhile值得的；D.acceptable可接受的。根据上文“I’dsaythatI’dfallenasababyanditonapieceofglass.”可推知，作者认为遭遇意外比天生与众不同更容易让人接受，所以给别人解释说自己的腭裂是意外造成的。故选D项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坚信，除了我的家人，我不值得别人的爱。A.value重视；B.desire渴望；C.ignore忽视；D.deserve值得，应得。根据第一段中“IclearlyknewhowuglyIlookedtoothers:”和下文“outsidemyfamily”可推知，作者因自己的外貌而自卑，所以认为自己得不到除家人外的爱。故选D项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我上了三年级，遇到了Leonard夫人，一位非常可爱的老师。A.encountered遇到；B.joined加入；C.attracted吸引；D.amused逗乐。根据下文“Mrs.Leonard,averylovelyteacher”可知，作者在三年级遇到了Leonard夫人。故选A项。【27题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：只用一只耳朵，我几乎听不到任何声音，但我不想再透露另一个会让我显得与众不同的问题。A.mostly主要地；B.fortunately幸运地；C.barely几乎不；D.incredibly难以置信地。根据下文“outofoneear”和“revealanotherproblem”可知，作者只有一只耳朵能听，所以几乎听不到。故选C项。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.ugly丑陋的；B.outstanding杰出的；C.kind善良的；D.different不同的。根据上文“Iwasbornwithacleftpalate(腭裂).”和“hearanythingoutofoneear”可知，作者不想让别人知道自己听力也有问题，因为这会更让自己显得与众不同。故选D项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我作弊了。A.quitted停止；B.cheated作弊；C.rejected拒绝；D.failed失败。根据下文“The“whispertest”,however,requiredadifferentkindofdeception(欺骗).”可知，作者不想显得与众不同，所以在听力测试中作弊了。故选B项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我已经学会了观察其他孩子，并在小组测试时跟随他们举手。A.follow跟随；B.permit允许；C.request请求；D.persuade说服。根据上文“Ihadlearnedtowatchotherchildren”和下文“raisemyhandduringgrouptesting”可推知，作者学会了观察其他孩子并跟随他们举手。故选A项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个孩子都会用一根手指堵住一只耳朵，然后老师会低声说些什么，孩子需要重复出来。A.pole极点，杆子；B.cloth布；C.finger手指；D.device设备。根据下文“Iturnedmybadeartoher,theothertightlywithmyfinger”可知，孩子们用一根手指堵住一只耳朵。故选C项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：轮到我时，我在想Leonard夫人会说些什么，也许是“天空是蓝色的”或者“你吃早餐了吗？”。A.insisted坚持；B.questioned询问，质疑；C.argued争论；D.wondered想知道。根据下文“maybethingslike‘Theskyisblue.’or‘Doyouhavebreakfast?’”可知，作者在等待时，想知道Leonard夫人会说些什么。故选D项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把有问题的耳朵转向她，用手指紧紧地堵住另一只耳朵，然后轻轻地把手指向后退出，以便能听到。A.plugging堵住；B.taking拿走；C.catching抓住；D.breaking打破。根据上文“Eachchildwouldcloseoneearwitha”和下文“myfingerout”可知，作者先用手指堵住一只耳朵。故选A项。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.bent弯曲；B.folded折叠；C.stuck刺，粘住，卡住；D.backed倒退，后退。根据下文“tobeabletohear”可知，作者把塞进耳朵的手指退了出来，这样就能听见了。故选D项。【35题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Leonard夫人轻轻地说：“我希望你是我的小女孩。”A.desperately绝望地；B.softly轻轻地；C.loudly大声地；D.coldly冷淡地。根据上文“The“whispertest””和“theteacherwouldwhispersomething”可知，Leonard夫人轻轻地说了一句话。故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheSpace-TimePainter,writtenbyChinesewriterHaiYa,haswontheHugoAwardforBestNoveletteatthe81stWorldScienceFictionConvention,____36____(hold)inChengduonOctober18thto23rd,2023.ItisthethirdtimethattheHugoAward____37____(present)toChinesewriters.TheSpace-TimePainterwasinspiredbythelifeexperienceofWangXimeng.HeisatalentedChinesepainterintheNorthernSongDynasty,andforcenturiespeopleallsinghighpraises____38____hismasterpieceOneThousandLiofRiversandMountains.HaiYasaid,“Theartisticvalueofthepaintingaswellasthegiftedpainterhimselfdeservesour___39___(admire).SoIcreated____40____characterofpaintingprodigy(奇才)ZhaoXimengtoreproduceWang’slegend(传奇)bytellinga____41____(fiction)story.”Inthestory,aftermuchsuffering,Zhao’smindabandonshisphysicalbodyandentersaspace,____42____amodernpoliceofficerisinvestigatingacaseinvolvinganancientpainting.HaiYastartedwritingsci-fistoriesin2016.Heworksinthedayandwritesatnight.Hethinksofhimselfasmoreofasci-fienthusiast____43____awriter.“Iamsodelightedtowintheawardandearnpositive____44____(comment)fromreaders.”saidHaiYa.“Ihopemyworkscouldinspiremorepeople_____45_____(think)abouttechnology,timeandartandbringChinesesci-fitoaglobalaudience.〖答案〗36.held37.hasbeenpresented38.for39.admiration40.the41.fictional42.where43.than44.comments45.tothink【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国作家海漄的作品《时空画师》在第81届世界科幻大会上获得了最佳中篇小说雨果奖的相关信息以及作者的创作灵感。【36题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：《时空画师》是由中国作家海漄创作的，在第81届世界科幻大会上获得了最佳中篇小说雨果奖，该大会于2023年10月18日至23日在成都举行。“(hold)

inChengduonOctober18thto23rd,2023”是后置定语，hold(举行)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the81stWorldScienceFictionConv