考点09动词及动词短语-2022年中考英语学及题型分类突破练（原卷版）

考点09动词及动词短语【方法总结】考点一动词动词主要包括实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词一、实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词，根据后面是否带宾语，可分为及物动词和不及物动词。1. 及物动词本身意义不完整，后面要跟一个名词或代词等作宾语才能使其意思完整。①动词十宾语，如：buy some books买一些书；②动词十宾语十宾补，如：find the book interesting发现这本书有趣；③动词十间接宾语十直接宾语，如：give me some money给我一些钱。常见带双宾语的词有：give, pass, buy, offer, teach, tell等。2.

不及物动词自身意思完整，无需接宾语。后接宾语时，必须先加介词、副词等，使其变成及物的动词短语。如：He arrives early every morning.他每天到得很早。They are looking at the blackboard.他们在看黑板。3. 有的动词既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。如：She sings very well.她唱得很好。（sing是不及物动词）She sang an English song just now. 她刚才唱了一首英文歌。(sing是及物动词)4. 常见行为动词辨析①spend，cost，take与pay（四个花费）spend指花费时间或者金钱，后接on sth或(in)doing sth；cost的主语为物，意为“值多少钱”；take表示花费多少时间，可用于固定句型It+takes/took+sb.+时间+to do sth；pay与介词for连用。如：He spends two hours in doing his homework every day.他每天花两小时做作业。The car cost him a lot of money.这辆车花了他好多钱。It took me half an hour to clean the room.我花了半小时打扫房间。I paid 40 yuan for the book.这本书我花了40块钱。②borrow，lend与keep（三个借）三者都可表示“借”，但是borrow指“借入，借进（从他人那里借某东西为自己所用）”，常用短语：borrow sth. from sb. /sp.；lend指“借出去（借给他人）”，常用短语：lend sth. to sb. /lend sb. sth.（通常跟双宾语）。区别时关键看主语，是主语借给别人就是lend，主语向别人借就是borrow; keep是延续性动词，常与表示一段时间的状语连周，表示“借多长时间”。如：My sister often borrows books from the library.我妹妹常从图书馆借书。I lent my bike to Jim yesterday.我昨天把自行车借给杰姆了。How long can I keep the book?这本书我能借多久？③speak, say, talk与tell（四个说）speak意为“讲话”，着重指在会议上的演讲，或指讲某种语言等。say意为“说”，着重说的内容，用作及物动词。talk意为“谈话”，着重双方交谈。talk to/with sb about sth表示“和某人谈论某事”。tell意为“告诉”，一般接双宾语。tell a story，“讲故事”；tell a lie，“撒谎”。如：He can speak Chinese.他能说中文。Please say it in English.请用英语说。They are talking about it. 他们在谈论这事。He can tell you something about his family.他会告诉你有关他家的事。④forget与leave（两个忘）=5\*GB3⑤forget意为“忘记（记忆中的东西）”。表示“遗忘”时，不能同表示地点的词语连用；leave意为“落下，遗落”，指把某物遗忘在某个地方，后接表示地点的词语。I've forgotten his name.我已忘了他的名字。He left his English book at home.他把英语书忘家里了。=5\*GB3⑤lookfor与find（两个找）lookfor强调寻找的过程find强调找的结果=6\*GB3⑥listento和hear（两个听）listento强调听的动作hear强调听的结果=7\*GB3⑦get、reach和arrive（三个到达）get同+地点名词reach及物动词，后面可以直接跟地点名词arrivein+大地方at+小地方=8\*GB3⑧dress、puton和wear（三个穿）dresssb.给某人穿衣服，dresssb.up打扮某人puton穿上、戴上，表示动作wear穿着，戴着，表示状态考点二动词短语动词短语：以动词为中心构成的短语称为动词短语。动词短语的类别和用法类别用法常见的动词短语动词十介词这类短语动词后跟宾语时，宾语都须置于介词之后。look for, look after, wait for, talk about, shout at, shout to, work on, hear from, think of, depend on, belong to动词十副词及物性质的短语动词后跟名词（词组）作宾语时，宾语置于副词前后均可；后跟代词作宾语时，宾语要置于副词之前。cheer up, clean up, put up, fix up, work out,

give out, give away, think over, hand in, put on, try on, put away, pick up, give back动词十副词+介词这类短语动词后跟宾语时，宾语应置于介词之后。catch up with, look forward to, keepaway from, run out of, get along with, get out of, e up with, go on with动词十名词十介词它们相当于及物动词，后面要接宾语。make friends with, pay attention to, take care of, take notice of, take part inbe十形容词十介词be good at, be interested in, be good for, be worried about动词十反身代词（+介词）这类短语相当于及物动词，其后可按宾语devote oneself to help oneself to, dress oneself【精选例题】1.Inthesummercamp,theboylearnedto________allkindsofdifficulties.A.manageB.protectC.remainD.control2.—WillBobhelpmelookaftermypetdogwhenI’maway?—Ofcourse.Hewon’t________yourrequest.Helovesanimalsalot.A.putdownB.writedownC.turndownD.takedown3.NotonlyChinesekidsbutalsowesternkids________Journeytothewest.A.arefamousforB.areafraidofC.areworriedaboutD.areinterestedin4.Success________hardworkingpeopleintheend.A.agreestoB.talkstoC.belongstoD.shoutto5.Luckily,somefiremenarrivedintimeand________thefire.A.putoutB.putupC.putinD.putthrough6.Mysisterishappytoreceivealetterfromherparents.Theunderlinedpart“receivealetterfrom”means_____. A.hearfromB.hearof C.lookforD.lookafter7.Newenergycarshavebeen________tocutdownairpollution.A.discoveredB.foundC.inventedD.refused8.Everyeveningmyfather_______newspaperswhilemymotherwatchesTV.AputsupB.looksforC.givesawayD.looksthrough9.Johndidn’tgetthejobhewanted.Let’sgoand______。A.turnhimdown B.callhimback C.cheerhimup D.lethimdown10.

It’simpoliteto

______

your

teachers’

office

without

knocking

at

the

door.A.

describe

B.

check

C.

choose

D.

enter11.Thecoverofthebook_______fortable.It’smadeofsilk.A.tastes B.feels C.looks D.sounds12.MycousinvolunteersintheChildren’sHome.Hisjobisto_______foodandclothes.A.sellout B.workout C.handout D.findout13.Teamworkisveryimportant,soweneedto________whenwedosomethingingroups.A.pulldownB.pulltogetherC.puttogetherD.putdown14.—Areyoufeelinganybetternow?—No.Ihavetakensomemedicine,butitjustdoesn’t_______.A.use B.care C.help D.fit15.Thetraveler______hismaptomakesurehewasnotlost.A.lookedafter B.lookedup C.lookedfor D.lookeddown16.—What’sup,Lisa?—Ihavetohandinthereporttomorrow,butIcan’t______anythingtowrite.A.talkof B.thinkof C.speakof D.hearof17.—Ican’tfindmykeys.MaybeI_____themathomethismorning.A.left B.forgot C.lost D.missed18.Frankisanhonestboyandhenevertellsalie.Weall_______him.A.miss B.mind C.doubt D.trust19.Tofeedherlittleson.Mrs.Smithhasto_______thevegetablesandmeat.A.makeup B.putup C.setup D.cutup20.—Simonhasbeen________schoolfor2days.What’swrongwithhim?—It’ssaidthathehasacold.A.nervousabout B.thirstyfor C.absentfrom D.worriedabout21.ThePLANavy(中国人民解放军海军)hasbeengreatlyhelpingkeepworldpeace.AsaChinese,Iam______it.A.responsibleforB.proudofC.fullofD.knownfor22.Ourschoolhas______asignatthegate,saying“Greetyourchildwithasmile,notamobile”.A.putup B.putoff C.puton23.—Theoilontheearthwill_______oneday.—Ithinkso.Weshouldmakegooduseofit.A.findout B.workout C.giveout D.runout24.—IheardthatPaulhurthimselfbadlyintheearthquake.—Yes.Thedoctorhadto________hisrightlegtosavehim.A.cutup B.cutout C.cutoff D.cutdown25.Don’tforgetto______thelightswhenyouleavetheclassroom.A.tumon B.turnoff C.turndown D.tumup26.—Students’lifeshouldn’tjustbeaboutgrades.Freetimeactivitieslikesportsandwithfriendsareimportant,too.—Ithinkso.A.hangingout B.givingout C.handingout D.takingout27.—Wouldyouplease_______youremailaddress?Imisseditjustnow.—Noproblem.It’sfox@163.A.repeat B.review C.record28.Familiesusually_______newpicturesofflowersorfishbeforeSpringFestival.A.giveup B.putup C.setup29.Howlongwillit______youtoflytoBeijingfromyourhometown?A.spendB.takeC.payD.use30.It’snotgoodforyoutosmokesomuch,you’dbetter _______.A.giveupit B.givethemupC.giveitup31.Miss.Lilikesswimmingverymuchandnowshe________onSaturdayafternoon.A.usedtoswimB.isusedtoswimC.isusedtoswimming32.Wealways_____ourclassroomeveryFridayafternoon.A.cleanupB.putupC.useup33.—Excuseme,canyouteachmehowto_____thisnewword?—Noproblem.Lookatmymouthandlistencarefully.A.proveB.pronounce C.prepare D.produce34.Somejazzmusiciansaregreatbecausetheycan_______musicwhileplaying.A.putup B.setup C.takeup D.makeup35.StephenHawkinghas______greatsuccessasascientist.A.allowed B.achieved C.practiced D.promised

36.Everythingfromhowwecookmeattowhatweeatfordinnercan_____ourbrainhealth.A.takepridein B.haveaninterestinC.playarolein D.believein

37.Elderbrother:Whichisuchbrae,thesunorthemoon,?nerbrother:Ofcorsetheoon.Becauseitisnt_______thedar.A.harfulto B.afraidof C.sureabut D.thirtyfor38.—Couldwethearrivingtimeforscholto8:00a,.Li?—uean7:30isalittleearlier?Letsdiscussitwiththeheaaste.A.findoutB.ieupC.putofD.cutout39.Thesaleofoilfueledvehicles燃油车)willbestoppedinHainanproinceby203.—ll,itwillhelp________theenironment.A.improe B.studyC.polluteD.control40.I’moingtolearnsoebasiclifesills,likecooin,washingclothesandtidingtheroos.—oamI.eshouldtalwasourparents.A.lookafter B.depedon C.taepridein D.etonwith41.Mymotheroftensays,“Standtalllikethesunflowerandbeproud_____whoyouare.”A.of B.with C.at D.in42.—DidyougotothelibrarywithHelenyesterday?—No.Iwaitedandwaited,butshestoodmeupatlast.A.stoodinalonglineB.stoodwithmeC.didn’tturnmedownD.didn’tshowup43.MissLeelikes________.Shetellseveryonethatshehasgotanewcar.A.ingout B.showingoff C.turningout D.takingoff44.Don’t_______today’sworkfortomorrow.Today’sworkmustbedonetoday.A.putoff B.putout C.putup D.puton45.Shewill_______thesilkdressandwearit.A.putaway B.putup C.puton46.—What’sthemeaningof“OneBeltOneRoad”?—Letmethewordsinthenewdictionary.A.lookat B.lookfor C.lookafter D.lookup47.—Lucy,whenyouleavetheroom,please______thelight.—OK,Mom.A.putoff B.turnoff C.turnup48.—CanI_____RobinsonCrusoe?Mrs.Zhao!—Sure,it’sveryinteresting,butyoucanonly_____itfortwoweeks.A.borrow;lend B.lend;borrow C.borrow;keep D.lend;keep49.Inthefaceofdifficulty,never_____andyouwillsucceedsoonerorlater.A.giveback B.givein C.giveaway50.Don’tforgetto_______thelightswhentheyarenotinuse!A.turnoverB.turnoffC.turnupD.turnon51.Thevolunteers______thesickkidsinthehospitalonweekends.A.lookafter B.lookfor C.lookthrough52.Wouldyouplease_______thelight?Ican’tsleepwellwithiton.A.turnon B.turnoff C.turnto D.turnaround53.—Hello,BeijingHotel,CanIhelpyou?—Yes,I’dliketo_______asingleroomfortwonights.A.enter B.move C.book D.provide54.—Shallwegototheairportto_______yoursister?—Idon’tthinkit’snecessary.Shewilleherebytaxi.A.seeoff B.pickup C.lookafter D.eacross55.Throughthestoriesbehindtheidioms,wewouldbeabletofully_____China’sculture,historyandtradition.A.understand B.search C.pare D. imagine56.April15wasasaddayforFrance.Alargefire_______attheCathedralofNotrcDamc.A.brokeout B.carriedout C.gaveout D. ranout57.—Doyouhaveanyplansfortheholiday?—Yes.I’mplanningtotraveltoJiuzhaigou.I’mlookingforwardto_____thecolourfullakesamazingwaterfalls.A.see B.seeing C.sees D.saw58.TinaestoChinainordertoexperienceChinesecultureand_____whichuniversityisthebestforhertoattend.A.putoutB.stayout C.findout D.runout59.You’llhaveto______thebooksbecausetherearen’tenoughforeveryone.A.pack B.sell C.choose D.share60.They’llsucceedinworkingouttheproblembecausetheynever______.A.wakeup B.giveup C.lookup D.makeup61.—Tom,_______theumbrellawithyou.Lookatthedarksky,it’sgoingtorain.—Thankyou,dad.A.take B.wear C.use D.make62.RoyworksinLondon.It_______himabouthalfanhourtogettoworkbybuseveryday.Acosts B.spends C.takes63.Cathysoldsomeofherthingsinayardsaleand_________themoneytoachildren’shome.A.gaveaway B.gaveup C.gaveout64.TheEnglishSpeechpetition_______thebestinher.Asaresult,sheismoreactivenow.A.checkedout B.triedout C.leftout D.broughtout65.Theconcertissowonderfulthatalltheticketsare______ withintwohours.A.cutout B.putout C.takenout D.soldout66.—already7:50.Ifyouwanttogettothemeetingontime,youmust________,Jack.—Isee.I’llwalkquickly.A.hurryup B.ringup C.stayup67.—Juliehasmadegreatprogress.Howdidshemakeit?—Sheworksmuchharderthanbefore.Shesaysifshedoesn’tcatchup,shewillbeleftout.A.beangry B.fallbehind C.givein D.getexcited69.Weshould_____makinganoiseinthelibrary,A.avoid B.prefer C.practise D.enjoy70.IfyouwanttojointheMusicClub,______theform,please.A.goout B.fillout C.getup D.warmup71.John,please_________yourdictionaryfromtheschoolbagandlookupthenewword.A.takeawayB.takeupC.takeoffD.takeout72.ZhangLanusuallylooksafterherlittlebrotherathomewhenhermotherisaway.A.looksup B.looksout C.looksover D.takescareof73.—Dad,Idon’tknowthisnewword.—Well,youcan________inthedictionary.A.lookupit B.lookitup C.lookitaround74.—Look!Thelightinyourbedroomisstillon.—Sorry,Iforgot.A.toturnitoff B.toturnitdown C.toturnitup D.toturniton75.Wemustkeepofftheforestfireifthereisone.It’sdangeroustostaynearit.A.catchupwith B.putoff C.keepupwith D.stayawayfrom76.We,Chinesepeople,areproudoftheGreatWall.A.takepridein B.takeactionon C.takealookat D.takepartin77.Dad,Idon’tknowhowtorepairmybike.Couldyougivemeahand?A.handin B.helpme C.findout D.driveme78.Doyouknowhowtoworkoutthedifficultmathproblem?A.bringout B.carryon C.solve D.dowith79.Thedoctortoldmetogiveupsmoking.A.givein B.giveaway C.practice D.stop80.—Somestudentsdon’tknowhowto_______worries.—Theycanasktheirteachersandparentsforhelp.A.belongto B.dealwith C.callin81.—Sam,yourpostcardsareeverywhere.Willyoupleasethem?—OK,mum.I’lldoitrightnow.A.Put;awayB.take;awayC.send;away82.Icamebackhomeyesterday,mymotherwaslookingamagazine.A.While;throughB.When;throughC.When;around83.Hechosetostudyinajuniorschoolnearhishome.It_____tobeawisedecision.A.putoutB.putonC.turnedoutD.turnedon84.—Canyougivemesomesuggestionsonreadingbooks?—You’dbetter_________thedictionarywhenyoumeetthenewwords.A.lookup B.lookaround C.lookfor85.—Whatdoyouusuallydobeforegoingtobed?—I_____.A.usedtowritediaries B.amusedtosleeping C.amusedtoreading86.Youcan’tchangewhoyouarebyreadingabookorchangethewayyouactbywatchingavideo.What______iswhatyoudo,notwhatyouknow.A.includes B.decides C.means D.matters87.Iaskedmyfatherto______me______attheschoolgateat6:30sothatwecouldvisitGrandmatogether.A.pick;up B.turn; down C.let;down D.cheer;up88.—Ihavetrouble________English,Mr.Lee.—WhynotgototheEnglishCornerandtrytotalkwithothers?A.reading B.writing C.speaking89.MydeskmateandIaregoingto________atalkshowatthepartytocelebratethe70thbirthdayofourmotherland.A.handin B.puton C.takeout90.—Idon’tthinkteachersshouldgivetoomuchhomeworkto_______thefreetimeofstudents.—Exactly!A.giveupB.takeup C.lookupD.putup91.—DoyouknowanythingaboutC919?—Ofcourse.It’sakindofplanewhich_________China.A.ismadeofB.ismadeinC.ismadefromD.ismadeupof92.—Jack,let’shaveapicnicafterschool.—Sorry.Ihave________Franktoworkonthebiologyreportwithhim.A.advised B.expected C.suggested D.promised93.IreallyneedtotakemoreexercisebecauseI’m_______weight.A.puttingdown B.puttingon C.puttingoff D.puttingaway94.—Idon’tknowhowto________theoldbooks.—Whynotgivethemawaytopoorchildren?A.handoutB.giveupC.dealwithD.takeup95.—Iwon’ttellthistoanyone.—_______?A.Agree B.Guess C.Hope D.Promise96.—WhywereyoushoutingatTom?—Itoldhimtobequiet,buthe_______talking.A.joinedin B.endedup C.kepton D.putoff97.Thoseyoungfiremenwerebraveenoughto________thefireintheforest.A.workout B.putout C.handout D.lookout98.We’dbetter__________oursportsmeetingbecauseit’sgoingtorain.A.puton B.putup C.putoff99.I’mafraidhisradioistoonoisy.Willyouplease_______himto________alittle.A.ask;turnitdownB.allow;turnitonC.tell;turnitupD.advise;turnitoff100.Mumlikes______soapoperas.Let’sbuyaTVforher.A.beingB.watching C.lookingD.smelling101.—CanIhelpyou,Sir?—Yes,please.Iam______ablueTshirt.A.lookingup B.lookingfor C.lookingafter D.lookingthrough102.—Sarahseemstobeconfidentaboutherperformancetomorrow.—Sosheis.She’sgotpreparedforit.A.Sorry B.famous C.ready103.—IheardthatyourgrandmalostherwayinDameishayesterday.—Yes.Luckily,akindstrangermanagedtoleadherbackhome.A.take B.pull C.put104.—HowmanyChinesepoemsdidyoulearnbyheartlastterm?—Twenty,mostofthemwerewritteninTangDynasty.A.study B.remember C.research105.—Don’tliearound.Helpmewithsomedishes,Jimmy.—OK.Mum.I’minginaminute.A.lookaround B.turnaround C.sitaround106.—Wewillhaveabigbasketballgamenextweek,butwestillneedaplayer.—Whydon’tyou_______Bryantojointhegame?Heisfantastic.A.invite B.teach C.warn107.—Markhashadtoomuchfriedfood.I’mreally________him.—Me,too.Ithinkheshouldhavemorevegetablesandfruits.A.afraidof B.worriedabout C.unawareof108.—Today,mobilepaymentisveryconvenient.Almosteveryoneisusingit.—That’strue.Wedon’tevenneedto_______moneyfromthebank.A.takeout B.takeoff C.takeup109.—Iamreallynervousaboutthetalentshowtonight.It’smyfirsttimeonshow.—_________!Youcanmakeit.Wewillallsupportyou。A.Ofcourse B.eon C.Thankgoodness110.OnthefirstdayofChineseNewYear,we_______newclothesandvisitpeople.A.pickup B.puton C.takeoff D.throwaway111.—Tom,Whatareyoudoing?—I’m_______drawingbecauseIwanttobeapainter.A.takingup B.cleaningup C.puttingup D.makingup112.—Jimmy,thebooksareeverywhereinyourstudy.—Sorry,Mom.I’ll_______atonce.A.putthemon B.putthemaway C.putthemout D.putthemup113.—WhatdoesHuawei’snewestsmartphonelooklike?—It’swonderful!Youcan_______itinhalfjustlikeclosingabook.A.handB.passC.foldD.cut114.—Doestheoldmanhaveto_______hiswife?—Yes.Theyhavenochildrentodependon.A.lookafterB.lookforC.lookupD.looklike115.—Yoursister_______yourmotherverymuch.—Manypeopleregardthemassisterswhentheyhangouttogether.A.caresforB.takesafterC.helpsoutD.believesin116.Hurryup!We’relate.Idon’twantto________thestartofthefilm.A.catch B.get C.miss D.lose117.Allthemembersdecidedto________themoneyfromthebooksaletohomelesspeople.A.giveup B.giveaway C.takeup D.takeaway118.TheprofessorreachedNanjinglastWednesday.He________therefor10days.A.hasbeenB.hasgotC.hasreachedD.hasarrived119.Annaispreparingfortheingexam,soshehasto_______theinvitationtotheparty.A.turnon B.turndown C.turnoff D.turnup120.—CanIhelpyou?—The

pants

look

very

nice.

Can

I_________?A.tryitonB.

try

them

onC.

try

on

itD.

try

on

them121.—How

do

you________theyellowcar?—It’sverycute.A.

thinkB.likeC.thinkofD.liketo122.Boyandgirls,workhard.I’msureyourparentswill_____youinthefuture.A.befamousasB.beproudofC.keepintouch123.Helookatthestarseverynight,butnowhedoesnot.A.hadbetter B.usedto C.oughtto D.hadto124.—Jenny,

it's

cold

outside.__________your

coat

when

you

go

out.—OK,

dad.A.

Put

away B.

PutonC.

Take

off D.

Take

away125..Thegirlhasto________hergrandmabecauseherparentsareworkinginanothercity.A.lookatB.lookintoC.lookthroughD.lookafter\126.—Oh,dear!Ican’tfindmykeytotheoffice.—Don’tworry.Ithinkyoumight _______itinyourcar.A.offer B.forget C.borrow D.leave127.—I’dliketo