01江苏南京卷-2022年中考英语新材料仿真模拟押题A卷（原卷版）

01江苏南京卷2022年中考英语新材料仿真模拟押题A卷（满分90分，考试时间90分钟）语篇题目内容清单题目内容第二大题完形填空教育部表示将对体育课给予更多关注，逐步将其列为与语数同等重要的学科。第三大题阅读理解A篇2022年北京冬季奥运会上的一些新科技及其用途第三大题阅读理解B篇久坐的危害以及有关久坐的研究第三大题阅读理解C篇从正反两方面论述了疫情其间少出国旅游是否有好处。第三大题阅读理解D篇我国面临的男女性别比失衡的问题第四大题填空C选词填空本文作者先表达对中国控制疫情的赞赏，然后表达想要回到中国的心情。第五大题阅读填空A双减政策下孩子们的作业问题第五大题阅读填空B介绍第一个在中国空间站工作的中国女宇航员王亚平的相关情况。第六大题书面表达由苏翊鸣四岁生日礼物是父母在他四岁时送他的雪板谈礼物的意义选择题（共40分）一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下列各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。1．—________May6,YiYangqianxiwontheBestNewActorAwardatHongKongFilmAwards.—Whatexcitingnews!A．In B．At C．On D．During2．________areyousolate?We’llalmostmisstheflight.Hurryup!A．What B．Where C．Why D．When3．Lindawillgotothethemeparkby______nextSunday.A．she B．her C．hers D．herself4．—Mark’scar________acloudofdustashedroveoff.—That’swhywedislikehim.A．raised B．rose C．wasraised D．wasraising5．“Garbageclassification(垃圾分类)”,whichwillenterNanjingsoon,willmakeit_______forthecitizenstoenjoythegoodlivingenvironmentthanbefore.A．easy B．easier C．easily D．moreeasily6．—Hi,Jessica!I________youwereinNanjing.PeopletoldmeyouwereinShanghai.—Well,Icamebackjustonehourago.A．don’tknow B．didn’tknow C．haven’tknown D．won’tknow7．—Batteriescalled“whiteelephant”metitsWaterloointhemarketofEurope.—Europeanswon’tbeinterestedinit.Becauseawhiteelephantmeansathingthatisuseless,__________itmaycostalotofmoney.A．since B．unless C．if D．although8．Whichofthefollowingpicturesmeans“Pleasedon’tmakeanynoise”?A． B． C． D．9．—Chinesewomen’sfootballteamwontheAsiaCupagainafter16years.—Thatwasagreatmoment.I________thegameonTVallthetime.A．havewatched B．watched C．amwatching D．waswatching10．FewerbabiesareborninChinatheseyears.Thisis________becausetoday’syoungpeoplehavedifferentideasaboutbeingparents.A．mainly B．closely C．hardly D．specially11．MarieCurie

________radium,butEdison________thelightbulb.A．created;discovered B．discovered;inventedC．invented;discovered D．invented;created12．—Heoncetriedtomakeawithhisson,buttheboyavoidedhim.—It’swrongoftheboytoremainsilent.A．decision B．contribution C．vacation D．conversation13．—Iwonder________.—Sorry.Ihavenoidea,either.A．whichhotelAmystayedinMaldive B．whichsupermarketdoesTinaworkC．whomIshouldgototoaskforhelp D．whoJohniswaiting14．—HowdoyoufindthedocumentaryDAVIDProfile(国宝档案).—________.Ican’tthinktoohighlyofit.A．Italldepends B．It’sreallywonderfulC．Nooneknowsforcertain D．Itisnotmycupoftea15．—Thepriceofoilhaskeptrisingforweeks.I’llhavetosellourcarandflylikeabird!—_________.I’drathersellitandbuyahybridoneinstead.A．Asyoulike B．I’mstillnotsureC．Inyourdreams D．Takeitseriously二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。InQingdao,ShandongProvince,parentsofkidsfromamiddleschoolwereagainsttheschoolwhichappointed(任命)aphysicaleducationteacherasthe____16____.Thenews____17____awidediscussionamongInternetusers.“AreyoufororagainstyourPEteacher’sworkingasyourheadteacher?”Manyofthemshowedtheirsupport.Infact,paredwithteachersofothersubjects,PEteachersdon’thavetospendtoomanyhours____18____lessons.Withlesspressureinteaching,aPEteachercanputmore____19____intothemanagementoftheclass.Peoplealsoremindtheembarrassing(令人尴尬的)situationofPEclassesandPEteachers.Inthepast,writtenexamsweretheonlystandardtojudge(衡量)astudent.Studentsandparentsthoughtit’smoreimportanttogetbettergradesinother____20____.Onlywhenstudentsgothighmarksinthesesubjectscouldtheywenttoabetterschool.Sotheyweren’t____21____aboutPEclasses.Astimegoesby,suchasituationwill____22____anend.OnOct.16,2020,theMinistryofEducation(教育部)explainedthateveryteacherinaschoolwasfitforthejoboftheheadteacherandtheir____23____arenotonlyinthesubjectstheytaught.Accordingtotheirexperienceasteachers,headteachersnotonlyteachtheirownsubject,butalsoprovidehelpforotherteachersandkeepclassesrunning____24____.TheministryalsosaidthatmoreattentionwouldbepaidtoPElessons,andthesubjectwouldgraduallybe____25____asmuchimportanceasChineselanguageormath.16．A．teacher B．headteacher C．policeman D．doctor17．A．wentto B．addedto C．ledto D．connectedto18．A．making B．showing C．preparing D．going19．A．care B．task C．efforts D．project20．A．subjects B．instructions C．services D．operations21．A．excited B．curious C．sure D．serious22．A．ewith B．eto C．eacross D．eup23．A．differences B．similarities C．relations D．connections24．A．quickly B．certainly C．fast D．smoothly25．A．reached B．sent C．given D．explained三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下列材料，从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ACoolTechnologiesatBeijing2022WinterOlympicsDriverlessminibusWalkinsideShougangIndustrialPark,youcanseedifferentkindsofdriverlesscars.Whenyoufeeltired,youcangetinadriverlessminibus.Whenyoufeelhungry,youcanbuyfoodfromadriverlesscarstore.InspectionrobotTherobotcanrecognizepeoplewithinfivemeters.Itwillautomaticallywalkovertoapersonwhoisnotwearingamaskandadvisehimorhertowearone.Also,therobothasacontactlesshanddisinfectiondeviceonitshead.SmartBandAidPeoplecanwearthisthermometer（体温计）ontheirarms.Itlookslikeabandage.Userscanchecktheirbodytemperaturethroughanappontheirsmartphones.Ifsomeonegetsafever,thethermometerwillreportit.DisinfectionrobotInWukesongSportsCenter,thereisarobotnamedXiaobai.Whileworking,therobotspraysafogofdisinfectant（消毒剂）throughitsheadfan.Onerobotcancover1,000squaremetersandworkforfourtofivehoursonasinglebatterycharge.26．________canadvisepeopletoweartheirmasks.A．Driverlessminibus B．InspectionrobotC．SmartBandAid D．Disinfectionrobot27．Howcanpeoplechecktheirbodytemperature?A．Throughanapponthephones. B．Bygettinginadriverlessminibus.C．Throughabatteryintherobot. D．Bywearingabandageontheirarms.28．WhatcanDisinfectionrobotdo?A．Recognizepeoplewhogetahighfever.B．BuyfoodforworkersinWukesongSportsCenter.C．Sprayafogofdisinfectantthroughitsheadfan.D．Sweep1000squaremetersadayinShougangPark.BWe’veknownthatsittingforlongperiodsoftimeeverydayhascountlesshealthconsequences（后果）,likeahigherriskofheartdisease.Butnowanewstudyhasfoundthatsittingisalsobadforyourbrain.Astudypublishedlastweek,conductedbyDr.PrabhaSiddarthattheUniversityofCalifornia,showedthatsedentary（久坐不动的）behaviorisrelatedtoreducedthicknessofthemedialtemporallobe（中颐叶）,abrainareathatiscriticaltolearningandmemory.Theresearchersaskedagroupof35healthypeople,aged45to70,abouttheiractivitylevelsandtheaveragenumberofhourseachdayspentsittingandthenscannedtheirbrains.Theyfoundthatthesubjectswhoreportedsittingforlongerperiodshadthethinnestmedialtemporallobes.Itmeansthatthemoretimeyouspendinachair,theworseitisforyourbrainhealth,resultinginpossibledamagetolearningandmemory.Whatisalsointerestingisthatthisstudydidnotfindasignificantrelationbetweenthelevelofphysicalactivityandthicknessofthisbrainarea,suggestingthatexercise,evensevere（剧烈的）exercise,maynotbeenoughtoprotectyoufromtheharmfuleffectsofsitting.Itthensurprisinglyturnedoutthatyoudon’tevenhavetomovemuchtoimprovecognition（认知）;juststandingwilldothetrick（获得成功）.Forexample,twogroupsofsubjectswereaskedtopleteatestwhileeithersittingorstanding.Participantswereaskedtonamethecolor,liketheword“green”inblueink.Subjectsthinkingontheirfeetbeatthosewhosatby3milliseconds.Thecognitiveeffectsofseverephysicalexercisearewellknown.Butthepossibilitythatstandingmoreandsittinglessimprovesbrainhealthcouldlowerthestandardforeveryone.Iknow,thisallrunscounterto（与……背道而驰）receivedideasaboutdeepthought,fromourgradeschoolteachers,whotoldustositdownandfocus,toRodin’sfamous“TheThinker”,seatedwithchinonhishand.Theywerewrong.Youcannowallstandup.29．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3andParagraph4?A．Sedentarybehaviorwillpossiblydamageourbrain.B．Severeexercisecangreatlyimproveourbrainhealth.C．Brainhealthhasnothingtodowithsedentarybehavior.D．Severeexercisecanprotectyoufromtheharmfuleffectsofsitting.30．Whatisthereceivedideaaboutdeepthought?A．Weshouldstandwhilethinking.B．Sittingisbetterwhenwethink.C．Moreexercisecanimprovecognition.D．Sittingmoreisgoodforourmentalhealth.31．Thepassagemainlytellsus_______.A．peopletendtositwhiletheyarethinkingB．physicalexercisecanimproveourbrainhealthC．standingmoreandsittinglesscanmakeourbrainhealthierD．sedentarybehaviorwillincreasethethicknessofthemedialtemporallobeC1Withholidaysabroadonhold,staycationmightbepopular.2In2019,12.2billion(十亿)passengersflewonplanesaroundtheworld.In2021,itwasdownto6.6billion.Whatwillthatnumberbein2022ifpeoplecan’ttravelfreelytoothercountriesbecauseofCOVID19?Somepeoplesaytheyhavemoretimeandagreaterinterestinnatureandtheworldthat’sclosertothem.Otherscan’twaittotravelabroadtoexperiencedifferentcultures.Whatdoyouthink?Isitgoodtotravelabroadless?3Yes!It’sbetterforthecountryandtheplanet.4First,it’sbetterforthecountryifpeoplestaywheretheyliveandspendmoneywithlocalbusinessesandonlocalfamousplaces.Andthereissomuchtoexperienceandenjoyinthecountry,wedon’tneedtogoabroad.COVID19isagoodexcusetostayput.Third,sincepeoplestoppedflyingsomuch,theworldaroundushashadachancetobreathe.Airpollutionisdownandwaterqualityisup.Let’sallowtheEarthtobreathesomemore.5No!Foreigntravelopensupthemind.6Travelingoverseasopensupthemindtonewpeople,placesandcultures.Ifyougoabroad,yougetafreshmind.Besides,theweatherisareasontoo.Forexample,theUKdoesnothaveenoughsunlight,whichisimportantforpeople’sphysicalandmentalhealth.Oneofthegreatprivilegesoflivinginthe21stcenturyisthatwecanseedifferentculturesandmeetallkindsofpeople,isn’tit?32．WhatisTRUEaboutParagraph4?A．Thisparagraphlistsfourreasons.B．Itisgoodforthelocalbusinesstoflyabroad.C．Noflyingismuchbetterfortheenvironment.D．Wecan’ttraveleverywherebecauseofCOVID19.33．WhydoesParagraph6mentiontheUK?A．It’sgoodtotravelintheUK. B．It’snecessarytotravelabroad.C．PeopleintheUKenjoysmuchsunshine. D．Travelingcanopenupthemind.34．Theunderlinedword“privilege”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans________.A．advantage B．result C．traveling D．style35．Thebesttitleofthepassageabovemightbe________.A．LessTravel.LessPollution B．Let’sTravelAbroadC．StopTravelingbecauseofCOVID19 D．IsLessForeignTravelaGoodThing?DThere’sbadnewsfortheparentsofChineseboys.After2021,whenteenageboysentertheir20s,atleast10percentofthemwillfinditdifficulttomarryawife.Accordingtothesixthnationalpopulationsurvey,therearealready33.76millionmoremalesthanfemalesinChina.Thegenderratioatbirthisashighas115.9:100.Thismeansthatthereare115.9babyboysforevery100babygirls.Thisratioisstillgrowingandmaybe118.9:100by2022.Thiscanleadtoanunsafesociety.Withevery1percentriseinthegenderratio,therewouldbe6percentmoreviolentcrimes.AccordingtotheUN,thereareonly21nationsorareasthathavemorewomenthanmen.RussiaisoneofthembecausemanymalesdiedinWorldWarⅡ.SincethentherehavebeenmorewomenthanmeninRussia.However,mostcountries,includingChina,havemoremales.Theexpertsexplainedthereasons.Ingeneral,menmakemoremoneythanwomenanditresultsinaculturaltraditionofpreferringboystogirls.Tochangethissituation,kidsneedbebettereducatedongenderequality,expertssuggest.Buttheyalsosaythereisstillalotmoreworktodo.36．Theunderlinedwords“genderratio”mightmean________inChinese.A．人口比例 B．性别比例 C．人口分布 D．性别分布37．Accordingtothepassage,theratio118.9:100meansthatthereare________.A．118.9babygirlsforevery100babyboys B．115.9babygirlsforevery100babyboysC．118.9babyboysforevery100babygirls D．115.9babyboysforevery100babygirls38．In________,therearemorewomenthanmen.A．China B．theUN C．Russia D．mostcountries39．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．It’sdifficultforeveryChinesemantomarryawifeafter2020.B．Chinawillbeeadangerouscountryafter2020.C．MostcriminalsinChinaaremeninsteadofwomen.D．ThesituationofgenderimbalanceinChinaisserious.40．Fromthepassage,wecaninferthat________.A．duringtheWorldWarⅡ,mostofthesoldiersweremenB．mostofwomenmakemoremoneythanmeninChinaC．it’seasytochangethegenderimbalanceinChinaD．everyoneprefersboystogirlsinChina非选择题（共50分）四、填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）A)请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。41．Suddenlytheoldwomanstoppedbecauseshesawthe________(陌生人)face.42．Youcanalwaysfindyourdaughtera_________(活泼的)girl.43．Sheaccidentally________（跨步）onmyfootandsaidsorrytome.44．Wehaveagrowing________(人口)inthisareaandweneedmorefood.Let’splantmorecrops!45．Themagicdietis________（广泛地）believedtoprotectagainstanumberofcancers.B)请根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。46．“Theloveandhelpfromthesekindpeoplewillneverbe________(forget).”theboysaidtothereporter.47．Look!_________(simple)clickonit,andyoucanlearnaboutthehistoryofthismuseum.48．ItiswidelybelievedthatChineseastronauts_______(land)ontheMoononeday,won’tthey?49．YangZhenning,inhis________(ninety),wasonthelistofthe2021TouchingChinaannualpeople（感动中国年度人物）.50．Kidswereremindedtotakesomemoneywith________(they)beforetheschooltrip.C)请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。for

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rapidlyThetopicIammost____51____inis“COVID19pandemicpreventionandcontrolmeasures”.Ithinkthisisimportant____52____otherpandemicscoulde.Itcouldtakeatoll(造成损失)ontheeconomy.Sobeingawareanddealingwithpandemicsareveryimportant.Chinahasdoneagreatjobcontrollingthepandemicsofarandmakingsureitdoesn’tspread____53____.MyparentsmovedtoChina____54____workseveralyearsago.WelivedinBeijing,China,togetherasafamily.Ilovedlivingthere.Iamlookingforwardtobeing____55____togobacktoChina.五、阅读填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）A)请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案填写在横线上。Youmaythinkkidsaregettingmorehomeworkthaneverbefore.Ifso,thinkagain.AnewstudyreleasedbyBrookings’BrownCenteronEducationPolicyshowsthattoday’sstudentshavenomorehomeworkthantheirparentsdidwhentheywereinschool.NumerousarticlesandreportsoverthepastfewdecadeshavesuggestedAmerica’sschoolsareoverloadingkidswithmoreandmorehomework.ButtheBrookingsstudyarguestheopposite:homeworkloadshavenotchangedoverthepast30years.Thestudy’sauthor,TomLoveless,reviewedsurveystakenbykidsandparentsabouthowmuchhomeworkyoungstudentshave.Theresultsshowedthatthetypicalelementarystudenthas3045minutesofhomeworkeachnight.Theaveragehighschoolerhasaboutanhour.Thesenumbershaveremainedthesamesince1984.InasetofguidelinespublishedbytheNationalParentTeacherAssociation（PTA）,theamountoftimestudentsshouldspentonhomeworkistheirgradelevelmultipliedbytenminutes.Forexample,athirdgradershouldhave30minutesofhomework,afifthgrader50minutes,andsoon.Loveless,whowasasixthgradeteacherinthe1980s,saysthissystemhasstayedconsistentintothe21stcentury.Onechangethatoccurredoverthepastthreedecades,however,isamong9yearolds,theaverageageofathirdgrader.In1984,more9yearoldshadnohomeworkatall,versustoday.“What’shappenedis,therewereanumberofkidsatage9whohadnohomeworkin1984,butnowthatnumberdoeshavesomehomework,”LovelesstoldTFK.“Thoughitisalittleamountofwork,itisstillanincreaseintheamountoftimespentonhomeworkforthirdgraders.”Homeworkisanimportantpartofastudent'seducation.Someteachersarguethathomeworkprepareskidsforstatetestsandforcollege.Theyworrythatalighterhomeworkloadwillputkidsatadisadvantage.“Homeworkhasbenefitsthatgowellbeyondwhat’sgoingoninschool,”saysHarrisCooper,aUniversityofMissouripsychologyprofessorwhohasstudiedhomework’seffectontestscores.Kidslearntobeorganized,managetheirtimeandmasternewskillswithoutateacher’shelp.Teachersgivetworeasonsforassigningalotofhomework.First,theysay,thegovernmentnowrequiresschoolstomeethigherthaneverachievementgoalsforstudents.Second,theyknowmanyparentswanttheirchildrentobeabletogetintothenation’sbestcollegesanduniversities.Theseparentsbelievehomeworkisawaytoensurestudentsarelearningattheirfullcapacity.Peoplewhofavorhomeworkarguethatitcanhavemanyotherbeneficialeffects.Theyclaimitcanhelpstudentsdevelopgoodstudyhabits,andrecognizethatlearningcanoccurathomeaswellasatschool.TitleTooMuch__56__?TraditionalthoughtKidsinAmericaareoverloadedwith__57__homework.The__58__ofanewstudyHomeworkloadsnowremainthe__59__astheyhad30yearsago.InformationabouthomeworkOnaverage,theelementarystudent__60__3045minutesonhomeworkeachnight.Butthethirdgradersin1984had__61__homeworkthantheyhavenow.The__62__ofhomeworkHomeworkprepareskidsforstatetestsand__63__college.Homeworkhelpskidsbeorganized,managetimeandmasternewskills.It’s__64__forschoolstomeethigherthaneverachievementgoalsbygivingmuchhomework.Homeworkmakessurethatstudenttrytheirbesttolearn.Homeworkhelps__65__goodstudyhabits.B)请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。AstheShenzhou13spaceshipdocked(对接)withChina’sspacestationonOctober16,2021,WangYapingbecamethefirstfemaleastronauttoworkinthespacestationinChina.Shewoulds____66____sixmonthsthere,alongwithZhaiZhigangandYeGuangfu.WangalsobecamethefirstChinesew____67____totakeaspacewalkonthenightofNovember7,2021.Besides,shegaveaclassinthespacestationtoe____68____youngpeopletofollowtheirspacedreams.Wang’sdreamofflyingtospaceasanastronautwasi