高中 通便版英语Unit 9【速记清单】

Unit9IlikemusicthatIcandanceto.Unit9话题音乐和电影词汇1.preferv.更喜欢2.Australianadj.澳大利亚(人)的n.澳大利亚人→Australian.澳大利亚3.electronicadj.电子的;电子设备的→electricityn.电;电能4.supposev.推断;料想→supposed(过去式)5.smoothadj.悦耳的;平滑的→smoothlyadv.流畅地;顺利地;平稳地6.spareadj.空闲的;不用的v.抽出;留出7.directorn.导演;部门负责人→directv.指导;导演;领路adj.直接的8.casen.情况;实情9.warn.战争;战争状态10.stickv.粘贴;将……刺入→stuck(过去式)→stuck(过去分词)11.downadj.悲哀;沮丧→sad/disappointed(同义词)12.dialog=dialoguen.对话;对白13.endingn.(故事、电影等的)结尾;结局→beginning(反义词)n.开端;开始;起点14.plentypron.大量;众多15.shutv.关闭;关上→shut(过去式)→shut(过去分词)→close(同义词)16.intelligentadj.有才智的;聪明的→unintelligent(反义词)→wise∕clever∕bright∕smart∕knowledgeableadj.(同义词)→intelligencen.才智;智力17.sensev.感觉到;意识到n.感觉;意识18.sadnessn.悲伤;悲痛→sadadj.(令人)悲哀的;(令人)难过的→sadlyadv.悲哀地;不幸地;令人遗憾地19.painn.痛苦;疼痛;苦恼→painfuladj.令人痛苦的;令人疼痛的20.reflectv.反映;映出→reflectionn.反映;映像;反射21.movingadj.动人的;令人感动的→movedadj.受感动的→movev.移动;搬家;使感动22.performv.表演;执行→performancen.表演;表现23.lifetimen.一生;有生之年24.pityn.遗憾;怜悯v.同情;怜悯25.totaln.总数;合计adj.总的;全体的→totallyadv.完全;全部地;整个地26.mastern.大师;能手;主人v.掌握27.praisen.&v.表扬;赞扬28.recallv.回忆起;回想起29.woundn.伤;伤口;创伤v.使(身体)受伤;伤害短语1.danceto伴……而舞2.singalongwith随……而唱3.differentkindsof...不同种类的……4.listento...听……5.havesparetime有空6.wanttodo...想做……7.thinktoomuch想太多8.inthatcase既然那样;假使那样的话9.feellike(doing)sth.想要(做)……

10.sticktosth.坚持……;固守……11.dependon取决于;决定于12.cheersb.up使某人变得更高兴;振奋起来13.tryone’sbesttodosth.尽某人最大努力做某事14.agoodwaytodo...一个做……的好办法15.plentyof大量的;充足的16.shutoff关闭;停止运转17.enjoydoingsth.享受做某事18.intime及时19.onceinawhile偶尔地;间或20.prefertodosth.更喜欢做某事21.senseastrongsadnessandpain感受到强烈的悲伤和痛苦22.lookupthehistoryof查找……的历史23.bewrittenbysb.由某人写作24.beborninsp.出生于某地25.teachsb.todosth.教某人做某事26.beknownfor因……而出名27.continuetodosth.继续做某事28.getmarried(tosb.)(与某人)结婚29.duringone’slifetime在某人的一生中30.bytheendofone’slife到某人临终前31.intotal总共;合计32.oneofChina’snationaltreasures中国的国宝之一33.forthisreason由于这个原因句型1.IlikemusicthatIcandanceto.我喜欢我可以跳舞的音乐。2.Iprefermusicthathasgreatlyrics.我更喜欢歌词优美的音乐。3.IlovemusicthatIcansingalongwith.我喜欢能随之唱歌的音乐。4.Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike?你喜欢什么样的音乐？5.IsupposeIlljustlistentothisnewCDIbought.我想我会听听这张新买的CD。6.Whatdoyoufeellikewatchingtoday?今天你想看什么?7.Whilesomepeoplesticktoonlyonekindofmovie,IliketowatchdifferentkindsdependingonhowIfeelthatday.一些人只喜欢看同一类型的电影，而我却喜欢看不同类型的电影，但这要取决于我那天的感受。8.WhenI’mdownortired,Iprefermoviesthatcancheermeup.当我心情不好或者是疲惫时，我更偏爱看那些能使我高兴起来的电影。9.DocumentarieslikeMarchofthePenguinswhichprovideplentyofinformationaboutacertainsubjectcanbeinteresting.像《帝企鹅日记》这样提供大量有关某个主题的信息的纪录片，可能是很有趣的……..10.Onceinawhile,Iliketowatchmoviesthatarescary.偶尔,我喜欢看恐怖片。11.Theycanbefun,butI’mtooscaredtowatchthemalone.他们可能很有趣，但我不敢一个人看。12.Thepiecehadasimplename,ErquanYingyue,butitwasoneofthemostmovingpiecesofmusicthatI’veeverheard.这首曲子的名字很简单，叫二泉映月，但它是我听过的最动人的音乐之一。13.Abing’sfathertaughthimtoplaymanymusicalinstruments,suchasthedrums,dizianderhu…….阿炳的父亲教他弹奏很多种乐器，比如敲鼓、吹笛子、拉二胡……..14.EvenafterAbinggotmarriedandhadahomeagain,hecontinuedtosingandplayonthestreets.甚至阿炳结婚后再次拥有一个家之后，他仍然在街上唱歌表演。15.Itisapitythatonlysixpiecesofmusicintotalwererecordedforthefutureworldtohear遗憾的是一共只有六首曲子被录了下来得以传世16.Today,Abing’sErquanYinyueisapiecewhichallthegreaterhumastersplayandpraise.如今，阿炳的《二泉映月》是一首所有伟大的二胡家演奏并称赞的曲子。17.….butalsomakespeoplerecalltheirdeepestwoundsfromtheirownsadorpainfulexperiences.而且也使人们能从他们自身的悲伤和痛苦的经历中回想起这些深深的创伤。语法定语从句；写作音乐和电影考点1.prefer的用法【教材原句】Iprefermusicthathasgreatlyrics.我更喜欢歌词优美的音乐。【句型剖析】prefer即可做及物动词，也可做不及物动词，意为“更喜欢，宁愿”。其用法如下：①.prefersth.tosth./prefer(doing)sth.to(doing)sth.与做某事相比更喜欢做某事。Iprefergreenteatocoffee.绿茶和咖啡比较起来我更喜欢咖啡Tomprefersreadingtotalking.汤姆喜欢读书而不喜欢交谈。②.preferdoingsth.更愿意做某事。Iprefergoingthereonfoot.我宁愿步行去那儿。③.prefer(sb)todosth.更愿意（让某人）做某事。Iprefertosayathometonight.今晚我更喜欢待在家里。④.prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事。Iprefertowriteratherthanread.我宁愿写而不愿意读。注意：prefer的过去式和过去分词都是preferred,现在分词是preferring.【经典练】1．Hollyprefers________thepianoratherthan________theviolin.A．toplay;playing B．toplay;play C．play;toplay2．—Iseldomkeep________onmycomputerformorethananhour.—Butyouseemtoprefer________gamesonyouriPadforhours.A．working;playing B．working;play C．towork;playing【写作佳句】However,otherstudentsprefertotravelalone.考点2.alongwith的用法【教材原句】IlovemusicthatIcansingalongwith.我喜欢能随之唱歌的音乐。【句型剖析】alongwith意为“伴随着；同…….一道”，相当于togetherwith.Thegirlsaredancingalongwithmusic.女孩们正在随着音乐跳舞。提示：当主语后有alongwith/togetherwith引导的短语时，谓语动词要与前面的主语保持一致。Hisbrotheralongwithhisfriendshasgonetoanothercity.他哥哥和他的朋友们去了另外一个城市。【经典练】1．IlikemusicthatIcansing________.A．alongand B．alongwith C．with D．along2．—Whatkindofmusicdoyouenjoy,Gina?—IamfondofmusicthatIcansingalong________anddance________.A．about;as B．for;with C．with;to考点3.whatkindof的用法【教材原句】Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike?你喜欢什么样的音乐？【句型剖析】whatkindof意为“什么种类”，后面一般接单数名词或不可数名词。Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike?你喜欢哪种音乐？【拓展】①akindof意为“一种”，修饰名词。Waterisakindofmatter.水是一种物质。②differentkindsof意为“不同种类的”，修饰名词。Therearedifferentkindsofanimalsinthezoo.动物园中有不同种类的动物。③allkindsof意为“各种各样”，修饰名词。Allkindsofnewcarsareonshow.各种各样的新车正在展览。④kindof意为“有点，有几分”，修饰动词、形容词及副词。Shelookskindofpaleafterherillness.她病后面色有点苍白。【经典练】1．—________—It’sanapartmentbuilding.A．What’syourhome? B．Where’syourhouse? C．Whatkindofhomedoyoulivein?2．—Couldyoutellme________?—ThekindthatIcansingalongwith.A．whatkindofmusicdoyoulikeB．whatkindofmusicyoulikeC．whatkindofmoviesyoulike考点4.suppose的用法【教材原句】IsupposeIlljustlistentothisnewCDIbought.我想我会听听这张新买的CD。【句型剖析】suppose是动词,意为“推断;料想”,常用来表示说话人的看法、猜测或假设。其主要用法如下:①“suppose(that)+从句”意为“猜测;认为”Theteachersupposes(that)hisstudentscan'tfinishthiswork.老师猜想他的学生不能完成这项工作。【注意】当主句的主语是第一人称时,应将否定转移到主句中去。如:Idon'tsuppose(that)heisright.我想他是不对的。②besupposedto意为“应该;被期望”,相当于should。Thestudentsaren'tsupposedtotakethebooksoutofthelibrary.学生不应该把这些书拿出图书馆。Thetrainwassupposedtoarrivetenminutesago.火车应该在十分钟之前到达。③“suppose+名词/代词+tobe”意为“猜想某人Shesupposedhersistertobeinthepark.她猜想她妹妹在公园。【经典练】1．We________knowabouttheirtablemannersbeforewevisitforeignfriends.A．areusedto B．getusedto C．aresupposedto D．payattentionto2．MrSmithwas________tobeadoctorbuthebecameateacherwhenhegrewup.A．thought B．supposed C．suggested D．reminded【写作佳句】Finally,you’renotsupposedtoreachacrossthetabletopickfoods.考点5.feellike的用法【教材原句】Whatdoyoufeellikewatchingtoday?今天你想看什么?【句型剖析】feellikedoingsth.意为“想要做某事”,相当于want/wouldliketodosth.;feellikesth.意为“想要某物”,相当于want/wouldlikesth.。Shefeelslikegoingforawalkalongtheriver.=Shewants/wouldliketogoforawalkalongtheriver.她想沿河散步。Doyoufeellikesometea?=Doyouwant/Wouldyoulikesometea?你要来点儿茶吗?【拓展】feellike意为“给......的感觉;感受到”,后常接名词(短语)或从句。Theymademefeellikeamemberofthefamily.他们让我觉得我是他们的家人。Hefeelslike(that)hehasneverbeentosuchaplace.他感觉好像从未到过这样一个地方。【经典练】1．Lucyhasastomachache.Shedoesn’tfeellike________anything.A．eat B．toeat C．eating2．Alicedoesn’tfeellike________anythingnow,becauseshehasabadcoldandfeelsbad.A．eat B．toeat C．eating考点6.while和stickto的用法【教材原句】Whilesomepeoplesticktoonlyonekindofmovie,IliketowatchdifferentkindsdependingonhowIfeelthatday.一些人只喜欢看同一类型的电影，而我却喜欢看不同类型的电影，但这要取决于我那天的感受。【句型剖析】1.while此处做并列连词，意为“而，然而”，表对比。LindalikessingingwhileGinalikesdancing.2.stickto意为“坚持；固守”，其后接名词、代词或动名词做宾语。sticktodoingsth.意为“坚持做某事”Ishallsticktomydecision.我将坚持我的决定。【拓展】①while用作并列连词时,意为“而;然而”,表示前后意义上的对比或转折。There'splentyofraininthesoutheast,whilethere'slittleinthenorthwest.东南部雨量充足,而西北部很少下雨。②while作从属连词,也引导时间状语从句,意为“当...的时候”,常表示一段长的时间或一个过程,强调主句的动词和从句的动词所表示的动作或状态是同时发生的。由while引导的从句中的动词一般是延续性动词。WhilewewereinParis,wesawhimtwice当我们在巴黎的时候,我们看到他两次。【经典练】1．Mary________whilePeter________thepiano.A．wasdancing;wasplayingB．danced;playedC．wasdancing;played D．danced;wasplaying2．Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhilemymother________thefloor.A．sweeps B．willsweep C．issweeping D．wassweeping3．________yourdreamandyouwillsucceedwithyourhardwork.A．Stickto B．Layout C．Passby D．Takeoff4．Nomatterwhatyousay,Iwill________myopinions.Iwon’tletanyonechangemymind.A．putup B．throwaway C．stickto D．dealwith【写作佳句】Aslongasyousticktothesepoints,youwillcertainlyimproveyourEnglish.考点7.down和cheerup的用法【教材原句】WhenI’mdownortired,Iprefermoviesthatcancheermeup.当我心情不好或者是疲惫时，我更偏爱看那些能使我高兴起来的电影。【句型剖析】1.down此处用作形容词，意为“悲哀；沮丧”，相当于upset.Theboydidn’tpasstheexam,hefeltdown.这个男孩没有通过考试，感到很沮丧。2.cheerup意为“使高兴起来，使振奋起来”。Allthepeoplecheeredupatthegoodnews.听到这个好消息，所有人都欢呼起来。【拓展】：1.down用作副词，意为“向下，在下面”sitdown2.down用作介词，意为“沿着”。Walkdownthestreet.沿着街走。【经典练】1．Jack,didyouplaybasketballyesterdaymorning?—No,Ididn’tgooutuntilthewind________intheafternoon.A．felldown B．ranout C．dieddown D．hungout2．—Billfeltsadbecausehefailedhisexamyesterday.—I’msorrytohearthat.Let’sgoand_________him_________.A．cheer;on B．build;up C．cheer;up【写作佳句】WhenIwasintrouble，youusedtoencouragemeandcheermeup．考点8.provide和plentyof的用法【教材原句】DocumentarieslikeMarchofthePenguinswhichprovideplentyofinformationaboutacertainsubjectcanbeinteresting.像《帝企鹅日记》这样提供大量有关某个主题的信息的纪录片，可能是很有趣的……..【句型剖析】1.provide动词，意为“提供；供给”，常用于providesth.forsb.,与providesb.withsth.同义。Theschoolprovidedfoodforthestudents.=Theschoolprovidedthestudentswithfood2.plentyof意为“大量；充足”。既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。拓展：offer及物动词，意为“提供；给与”。常用结构为offersb.sth.,相当于offersth.tosb.【经典练】1．Thegovernmentprovidedthepoorchildreninthisvillage________freebooks.A．to B．for C．with2．It’simportant________thegovernment________basiceducationforchildreninpoorareas.A．of;toprovide B．of;provide C．for;toprovide D．for;toproviding3．Wehavegot_________vegetablesbut_________meat.A．toomany;few B．plentyof;alittle C．alotof;afew D．toomuch;little4．Thefilmstartsatsevenanditisonlyfive.Wehave________timetogetthere.A．alargeamount B．alot C．plentyof D．little【写作佳句】Itwillprovideuswithameaningfulweekstayingwiththestudentsinthemountains.考点9.onceinawhile的用法【教材原句】Onceinawhile,Iliketowatchmoviesthatarescary.偶尔,我喜欢看恐怖片。【句型剖析】onceinawhile意为“偶尔地;间或”,相当于sometimes,attimes,fromtimetotime或nowandthen,在句中作状语，一般位于句首或句末。Sincethenwe'veneverseeneachother,butonceinawhilewewriteletters.从那以后我们再也没有见过面,但偶尔会写信。【拓展】含once的短语常用的还有:onceuponatime从前atonce立刻;马上oncemore再来一次onceagain再次;又一次【经典练】1．Assheisoftenbusywithherwork.Sheonlyhasdinnerwithherfamily______.A．allthetime B．onceinawhile C．anothertime D．nexttime2．Sofar,ithasn’tsnowedinZhenzhouthiswinter.However,itoftensnowsinthenortheast,___________itsnowsheavily.A．forawhile B．afterawhileC．onceinawhile D．allthewhile考点10.too…to…的用法【教材原句】Theycanbefun,butI’mtooscaredtowatchthemalone.他们可能很有趣，但我不敢一个人看。【句型剖析】too…to…意为“太……而不能”。它在结构形式上是肯定的，但意义上却表示否定含义，所以动词不定式符号to前不能再加not，只接动词原形即可，too后接形容词或副词原形。例如：Thebookistoodifficulttounderstand.这本书难于理解。【拓展】（1）含too…to…的句子可以改写成“so…that…”句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。例如：Heistoooldtodohardwork.=Heissooldthathecan’tdohardwork.他年纪太大而不能干重活。（2）含too…to…的句子也可以用“not…enoughtodosth.”句型来替换，但注意要用原句中形容词或副词的反义词。例如：Heistoooldtodohardwork.=Heisnotyoungenoughtodohardwork.他年纪大了，不能干重活。【经典练】1．—Believeitornot!Mygrandpaislearningtoplaythepiano.—Oh!______.A．Itneverrainsbutitpours B．WheninRome,doastheRomansdoC．Oneisnevertoooldtolearn D．Everydoghasitsday考点11.oneof的用法【教材原句】Thepiecehadasimplename,ErquanYingyue,butitwasoneofthemostmovingpiecesofmusicthatI’veeverheard.这首曲子的名字很简单，叫二泉映月，但它是我听过的最动人的音乐之一。【句型剖析】oneof后接形容词最高级及名词复数，意为“最……之一”。Changjiangriverisoneofthelongestriversintheworld.长江是世界上最长的河流之一。【拓展】①oneofthe+复数名词+定语从句中，定语从句中的谓语动词跟定语从句所靠近的那个复数名词保持一致，通常用复数。Thisisoneofthebooksthatarerequiredforstudyatschool.这是学校里要求学生学习的书籍之一。②如果oneofthe+复数名词的前面有theonly之类的限定语，后面定语从句的谓语动词则要用单数形式。HeistheonlyoneoftheteacherswhoknowsFrenchinourschool.他是我校教师中唯一懂得法语的人。【经典练】1．Oneofthekidsatthepicnic________cooking.A．isgoodat B．aregoodat C．isgoodfor D．aregoodfor【写作佳句】ChinesewasoneofthesubjectswhenIwasinaprimaryschool.考点12.teach的用法【教材原句】Abing’sfathertaughthimtoplaymanymusicalinstruments,suchasthedrums,dizianderhu…….阿炳的父亲教他弹奏很多种乐器，比如敲鼓、吹笛子、拉二胡……..【句型剖析】teachsb.todosth.意为“教某人做某事”。Thegirltaughtmetosingthesong.那个女孩教我唱这首歌。拓展：teach后面可接双宾语结构，teachsb.sth.teachoneself意为“自学”，相当于learnbyoneself.【经典练】1．Thesearethemostdifficultlessons.Itishardforstudentstoteach________.A．them B．themselves C．us D．ourselves2．—Couldyouplease________himtoplaysoccer?—Sorry,I’m________foratest.A．teach;study B．toteach;studyingC．teach;studying D．toteach;study【写作佳句】Thebookteachesustobebravewhenweareintrouble.考点13.getmarried的用法【教材原句】EvenafterAbinggotmarriedandhadahomeagain,hecontinuedtosingandplayonthestreets.甚至阿炳结婚后再次拥有一个家之后，他仍然在街上唱歌表演。【句型剖析】getmarried意为“结婚”。表示动作，后面不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。Mybestfriendgotmarriedlastweekend.我最好的朋友上个周末结婚了。拓展：在表示“和某人结婚”的状态时，常用bemarriedtosb.可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。【经典练】1．—Howlong________they________?—Sorry,Idon’tknow.ButIknowthatPeterisgoingto________anursenextweek.A．did,marry;marryto B．did,getmarried;marrywithC．have,gotmarried;marry D．have,beenmarried;marry2．—Whendidyourparents________?.—They________fortwentyyears.A．marry;havegotmarried B．getmarried;havegotmarriedC．marry;havebeenmarried D．getmarried;havebeenmarried考点14.Itisapitythat和intotal的用法【教材原句】Itisapitythatonlysixpiecesofmusicintotalwererecordedforthefutureworldtohear遗憾的是一共只有六首曲子被录了下来得以传世【句型剖析】1.Itisapitythat……..是一个常用的句型，意为“很遗憾……..Itisapitythatyoumissedsuchaninterestingmovie.很遗憾你错过了一场如此有趣的电影。2.intotal意为“总共，合计”，其中total用作名词，意为“总数；合计”。Theclassroomhasthreewindowsintotal.这个教室总共有三个窗户。拓展：total还可以用作形容词，意为“总计的，总共的”。WhatisthetotalpopulationofChina?中国的总人口是多少？【经典练】1．—Haveyougot_________BingDwendwen,Lisa?—Notyet.Itis_________pitythatIcan’tfindoneinanytoyshop.A．a;/ B．the;/ C．a;a D．the;a2．Itisa____________thatIhaveneverbeentoBeijing.A．pity B．custom C．pain3．Ihavemorethan100Englishbooks________total.A．at B．on C．in D．before4．—HowmanyChineseplayers________tookpartintheBeijingWinterOlympics?—Onehundredandseventy-six.Andtheyoungestplayerisonly16yearsold.A．inreturn B．intotal C．indanger D．introuble考点15.praise的用法【教材原句】Today,Abing’sErquanYinyueisapiecewhichallthegreaterhumastersplayandpraise.如今，阿炳的《二泉映月》是一首所有伟大的二胡家演奏并称赞的曲子。【句型剖析】praise用作及物动词，意为“表扬；赞扬”，常用结构为praisesb./sthfor(doing)sth.,意为“因为（做）某事而赞扬某人”。Janewaspraisedbytheteacher.简受到了老师的表扬。Themayorpraisedtherescueteamsfortheircourage.市长称赞了救援队的英勇。拓展：praise还可用作名词，意为“赞扬，赞美”。Giveplentyofpraiseandencouragement.要多多表扬和鼓励。【经典练】1．ZhangGuimeiisthefamousteacherwhohaswonhigh________fromthewholecountry.A．practice B．present C．prize D．praise【写作佳句】Afterknowingit,theteacherpraisedLiHuaandencouragedotherstolearnfromhim.考点16.experience的用法【教材原句】butalsomakespeoplerecalltheirdeepestwoundsfromtheirownsadorpainfulexperiences.而且也使人们能从他们自身的悲伤和痛苦的经历中回想起这些深深的创伤。【句型剖析】experience在此为可数名词，意为“经历；感受”。HehadmanyinterestingexperienceswhiletravellinginSouthAfrica.他在南非旅行时，有很多有趣的经历。拓展：experience还可作不可数名词，意为“经验”。Experienceisthebestteacher.经验是最好的老师。【经典练】1．—HowdoyoufindyourclasstriptothePhoenixIsland?—Fantastic!Ithinkit’s________Ihaveeverhad.A．anamazingexperience B．amoreboringexperienceC．themostamazingexperience D．themostboringexperience【写作佳句】Iwillneverforgetthisexperience,becauseInotonlylearnedhowtoswim,butalsolearnedtobebrave!一．语法精讲——定语从句定语从句知识点01概念及句型概念:在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词，叫作先行词。从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词叫关系词，关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose等；关系副词有when,where,why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，引导定语从句，同时又代替先行词，作定语从句的一个成分。【句型剖析】IlikemusicthatIcandanceto.该句中thatIcandanceto是定语从句，music为先行词，that是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词music，that不能译为“那那个”的意思，而是先行词music的意思，在定语从句中作宾语。如将该句分成两个句子，主句为Ilikemusic，从句还原成一个句子为Icandancetomusic。其中that代替了Icandancetomusic中的music，在定语从句中，that是关系词被放到从句最前面，起引导作用。整句译为：我喜欢我能跟着跳舞的音乐。注意：1关系代词和关系副词不能译为它本身的意思。2定语从句翻译时译在先行词前面，译为：“…的”。知识点02由关系代词引导的定语从句概念:关系代词引导定语从句，代替先行词，并在句中充当主语宾语定语等主要成分。【句型剖析】常用的关系代词有：who（指人，作主语或宾语）；whom（指人，作宾语）；whose（通常指人或物，作定语）；which(指物，作主语或宾语)；that（指人或物时，作主语或宾语）。例如：1)Theboyswho/thatareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。2）Heistheman(whom/that)Isawyesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。3）Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。4）Thisisthepen(which/that)heboughtyesterday.这是他昨天买的钢笔。知识点03关系代词的省略【句型剖析】关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。例如：1）Theman(that/whom/who)youknowisafamousprofessor.你认识的那人是一个知名教授。（中间的引导词that/whom/who可以省略，上面例句中第二句第四句的引导词也可以省略）2）Thisisthewatch(which/that)Iamlookingfor.这是我正在找的手表。知识点04关系代词的位置【句型剖析】关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，视介词的位置而定。例如：1）Thisistheboy(whom/who/that)Iplayedtenniswithyesterday.ThisistheboywithwhomIplayedtennisyesterday.这是我昨天跟他打台球的男孩。（关系代词在从句中作介词with的宾语，第一句with放在从句中动词的后面，前面关系词可用whomwho或that，第二句中with放在先行词和从句之间，只能用关系词可用whom。）2）Theschool(which/that)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.他曾经就读过的学校很出名。注意：1若介词放在先行词与从句之间，即关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who，that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that，此时whomwhich不能省略。2定语从句中谓语动词如果是“动词+介词”构成的短语动词，一般不把这样的介词提到关系代词前。例如：Hehasalittleson(whom/that)hehastolookafter.(句中lookafter短语动词，after不能放在whom/that的前面，我们不能这样说：Hehasalittlesonafterwhomhehastolook.)知识点05只用that作关系代词【句型剖析】只用that作关系代词的场合1当先行词是anything,everything,nothing,something,none,all,theone等不定代词时，或当先行词受every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等代词修饰时。例如：1）Telluseverythingthatyouknow,please.请告诉我你知道的事。2）Isthereanything(that)Icandoforyou?有我能为你做的事吗？3）I’vereadallthebooksthatyougaveme.我已经读了你给我的所有的书。注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。2当先行词被序数词修饰时或被形容词最高级修饰时。例如：1）ThisisthelongestbridgethatIhaveeverseen.这是我看到过的最长的桥。2）ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen.在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。3先行词既包括人又包括物。例如：1）Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthathehadvisited.他谈论他曾经拜访过的老师和学校。2）Canyourememberthescientistandhistheorythatwehavelearned? 你能记得我们学过的那个科学家和他的理论吗？4先行词为theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame所修饰的定语从句。例如：1）Heistheverypersonthatthepolicearelookingfor.他是警察寻找的那个人。2）ThisistheverygooddictionarythatIwanttobuy.这是我想买的那本好字典。注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。5当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时。例如：1）Whoisthemanthatcamethismorning?谁是今天早上来的人？2）WhichistheT-shirtthatfitsmemost?最适合我的T恤是那件？知识点06只用which作关系代词【句型剖析】只用which作关系代词的场合1若介词放在先行词与从句之间，即关系代词前，指物时只可用which。例如：1）TheplaneinwhichweflewtoCanadawasreallycomfortable.我们去加拿大所乘坐的飞机实在很舒服。2先行词为that,those时，引导词用which。例如：1）What’sthatwhichwasputinthecar?放在车子里面的东西是什么？3一个句子中有两个定语从句时，为避免重复，一个用that，另一个用which。例如：1）LetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichwasnewlyopentous.让我给你看看那本我刚刚从新开的图书馆借来的小说。知识点07只用who作关系代词【句型剖析】只用who作关系代词的场合1在therebe结构中，先行词是人时，只用who。例如：1）Thereisayoungmanwhowantstoseeyou.有一个年轻人相见你。2为了避免重复或引起歧义，有两个定语从句时，一个用that，另一个用who。例如：1）ThemanthatspokeatthemeetingisournewheadmasterwhohasjustcomefromShanghai.那个在会上讲话的人是我们的新校长，他来自上海。3当先行词是I,you,he,they时（常用于谚语之中），只用who。例如：1）Hewhoplayswithfiregetsburned.玩火自焚。知识点08由关系副词引导的定语从句【句型剖析】由关系副词引导的定语从句常用的关系副词有：when（指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语）；where（指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语）；why（指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语）。例如：1）ThisisthecitywhereIwasborn.这是我出生的城市。2）IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametothisschool.我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。3）Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.请告诉我你误机的原因。【句型剖析】关系副词在意义上相当于一定的“介词+which”结构。例如：1）Isthisthereasonwhytheycame?Isthisthereasonforwhichtheycame?这是他们为什么来的原因吗？2）HeleftthedaywhenIcame.HeleftthedayonwhichIcame.他在我来的那天离开的。3）ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.这是两年前我住的房子。4）Hisfatherdiedtheyearwhenhewasborn.Hisfatherdiedtheyearinwhichhewasborn.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。知识点09关系代词与关系副词的选择【句型剖析】用关系代词还是关系副词引导定语从句主要看关系词在定语从句中的作用。如果定语从句的谓语动词是及物动词，而其后又没有宾语，或从句中缺主语或表语，这时就用关系代词引导定语从句。如果定语从句的谓语动词是不及物动词，或已有了宾语主语和表语等成分，就用关系副词引导这个定语从句。试比较：1）ThisisthecitywhereIwasborn.这是我出生的城市。Thisisthecity(which/that)hehasvisited这是他参观过的城市。分析：第一句中从句主干完整，即Iwasborninthecity.缺地点状语，故用关系副词；第二句中从句谓语动词visited缺宾语，即Hehasvisitedthecity，故用关系代词。2）Idon’tknowthereasonwhysheislate.我不知道她迟到的原因。Thatisthereason(which/that)everybodyknows.这是每个人都知道的原因。3）Doyoustillrememberthedaywhenhearrived?你仍记得他们到达的日子吗？Doyoustillremembertheday(that/which)wespenttogether?你仍记得在一起度过的日子吗？【经典练】1．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）Somepeoplethinkthatsuccessisonlyforthosewithtalentorthose________growupintherightfamily,whileothersbelievethatsuccessmostlycomesdowntohardwork.A．who B．whose C．which D．whom2．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）Indifficulttimes,therearealwaysnationalheroes________stepupandbringpeoplehope.A．whom B．who C．which D．whose3．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Althoughmygrandfatherisover90yearsold,hestillremembersthepeople________hemetwhenhewasyoung.A．who B．when C．where D．which4．（2024·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）The“Kemusan”danceisaneye-catchingdanceperformance________isquitepopularthesedays.A．who B．which C．whose5．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I’llneverforgettheexperiences______wehadinthevolunteerworklastsummer.—Metoo.The3daysweremeaningfulandfulloffun.A．when B．who C．that6．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）—Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulikebest?—Ilikethemovies________makemefeelhappyandrelaxed.A．what B．which C．who D．/7．（2024·四川泸州·中考真题）Atruefriendisaperson________willalwaysbetheretoshareyourlaughterandtears.A．what B．which C．who D．whom8．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—Whoistheheroinyourmind?—HuangDanian.Heisascientist________hashelpedChinamakegreatprogressindeep-seaexploration(勘探).A．where B．which C．who9．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）Ifwestudyhardwithbigdreams,thereisnothing________can’tbeachieved.A．who B．that C．whom10．（2023·吉林·中考真题）Thestudentsarereadingbooks________arefullofthe“redspirit”thesedays.A．who B．where C．which11．（2023·黑龙江·中考真题）—Whatcanwedofortheleft-homechildren________needhelp?—Wecouldhelpthemwiththeirstudyonlineonweekends.A．which B．who C．whom12．（2023·四川乐山·中考真题）GuoMoruoisafamousChinesewriter________ispopulararoundtheworld.A．which B．whom C．who13．（2023·湖南岳阳·中考真题）LeiFengisagreatperson________setsagoodexampletous.A．who B．which C．whose14．（2023·四川成都·中考真题）Heshowedmethephotos________hetookathisgraduationceremony.A．that B．who C．what15．（2022·青海·中考真题）—DoyoulikethesongJianHunonDouyin?—Yes,Ilikethesongs________Icandanceto.A．that B．who C．what二．写作精讲——谈论发明物的历史及用途本单元话题是“音乐和电影”，围绕这一话题谈论和表达喜好。而最能全面体现本单元话题及语言运用能力的话题作文就是根据提示或表格信息，谈论自己的喜好或介绍他人的喜好。这也是单元测试和中考试题中常考的话题作文之一。体裁：说明文

时态：一般现在时

人称：以第三人称为主单词：music，movie，favorite，prefer，dislike，lyrics，musician，director，relaxed，sadness，tired，smooth，director，down，dialog，ending，pain，moving，perform，master，praise，documentary短语：electronicmusic，danceto，actionmovies，Chinesefolkmusic，sparetime，listentomusic，differentkindsofmusic，onceinawhile＝fromtimetotime，cheerup，plentyof，singalongwith，watch/seeamovie，talkabout，soundlike，apieceof句型：作文常用句型：It'spossibleforusto...Myfavoritekindofmusic/movie/...is...Ilike...because...Itwas...by...WhenIlistento/watch/...it,Ifeel...Ithinkyoushouldlistento/watch/...ittoobecause...列提纲写句子Myfavoritemovie名称及导演...ismyfavoritemovie.Itwasdirectedby...Heis...故事梗概·Themovieissetin...·Themovietellsthestoryof...观影感受·EverytimeIwatchthemovie，Ifeel...·Themovieshowsus...推荐理由Ithinkyoushouldwatchitbecauseitis...moviethatIhaveeverwatched.Spider­Man:FarFromHomeismyfavoritemovie.ItwasdirectedbyJonWatts.HeisafamousAmericandirector.ThemovieissetinEuropeandtellsthestoryofhowSpider­ManPetersavestheearth.EverytimeIwatchthemovie，Ifeelveryexcited.ItshowsusPeter'scouragetofightagainstthreatstotheearth.IthinkyoushouldwatchitbecauseitisthemostexcitingmoviethatIhaveeverwatched.《蜘蛛侠：远离家乡》是我最喜欢的电影。它是由乔恩·瓦茨导演的。他是一位著名的美国导演。这部电影以欧洲为背景，讲述了蜘蛛侠彼得如何拯救地球的故事。每次看这部电影，我都感到非常兴奋。它向我们展示了彼得对抗地球威胁的勇气。我认为你应该看它，因为它是我看过的最激动人心的电影。一、词性转换SectionAAustralian→(n.)Australiadirector→(v.)directsmooth→(v.)smoothenending→(n.)enddocumentary→(n.)documentintelligent–(n.)intelligenceSectionBsadness→(adj.)sadpain→(adj.)painfulmoving→(v.)moveperform→(n.)performancepopular→(n.)popularity二、短语归纳singalongwith跟着一起唱danceto随着跳differentkindsof不同类型的alongweekat…一周长时间的……sparetime空闲时间inthatcase既然那样stickto坚持，固守dependon取决于bedown失落cheersb.up使某人振作起来ahappyending美满的结局tryone’sbest尽最大努力solveone’sproblems解决某人的问题agoowaytodosth一种……好方法plentyof大量，充足acertainsubject某个主题actionmovie动作片scarymovie恐怖电影shutoff关闭，停止运转savetheworld拯救世界justintime及时onceinawhile偶尔地，间或dosthalone独自做某事bringafriend带上一个朋友beafraidofsth怕……feelscary感到害怕/恐怖eachkindof每种writeone’sownlyrics自己写词musicalinstruments乐器apieceofmusic一首乐曲folkmusic民俗音乐cryalongwith随着哭lookup查阅，抬头看teachsb.todosth.教某人做某事growworse变得更糟developaseriousillness得了很严重的病becomeblind变成盲人liveonthestreet住在街上playonthestreet在街上表演inthisway以这种方式musicalskills音乐技能duringone’slifetime在某人的一生中intotal总共，总计forthisreason由于这个原因painfulexperiences痛苦的经历touchtheheart(s)ofsb.打动人心painandwounds痛苦和创伤praisesb.as称赞某人为三、句型集萃Isuppose…我想……feellikedoing想做某事too+adj.+todo太……而不……notdosthanymore不在做某事Itisapitythat…遗憾的是………isatimefor………是一个……的时间四、重点句子Iprefermusicthathasgreatlyrics.我更喜欢有好歌词的音乐。thathasgreatlyrics为定语从句，修饰先行词music，引导词that（也可以用which）在从句中作主语，不可以省略。★e.g.Ilikemusicthatisquietandgentle.我喜欢轻柔的音乐。preferv.更喜爱，更喜欢★e.g.Thereiscoffeeortea.Whichwould