上海高中2024-2025学年高三下学期第四次同步考试英语试题含解析

上海高中2024-2025学年高三下学期第四次同步考试英语试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．I______footballsinceIleftuniversity.A．didn’tplay B．don’tplayC．won’tplay D．haven’tplayed2．Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousay__________matters.A．that B．whatC．which D．this3．—Doyouoftencomeheretohaveawalk?—No,only_________,becausewearemuchtoobusy.A．occasionallyB．eventuallyC．merelyD．frequently4．Itwasnotuntil3dayslaterthattheboycamebacktolifeandexplainedtothepolicewhat_______tohim.A．washappening B．wastohappen C．hadhappened D．hashappened5．—Whydidyoucomebytaxi?—MycarbrokedownlastweekandIstillitrepaired.A．didn’thave B．hadn’thadC．haven’thad D．won’thave6．Heisverytired，soheneedssometime________dutyforrelaxationandrest.A．through B．onC．with D．off7．Iwouldappreciateyoucouldcometomybirthdayparty.A．that B．thatit C．if D．itif8．Theinnerthoughtsofthetwoyoungpersonsarerevealedinthebook,______bothofthemfailtoexpress.A．where B．whenC．who D．which9．Thankstotheeffortsinenvironmentalprotection,thewetlandhasbeen_____toitsoriginalappearance.A．restoredB．deliveredC．transferredD．drafted10．Youcan’tusethecomputernow,________theupgradeofthesystemisunderway.A．until B．unlessC．as D．after11．____theplayerIcameacrossinthestadiumspoke,Ihadn’trealizedshewasforeign.A．Until B．Unless C．Since D．Although12．—Guesswhat!Icameacrossanoldfriendatthestationlastweekend.—I’msureyoutalkedwithhimhappily.A．Soundsgood! B．Verywell.C．Hownice! D．Allright.13．ManypeoplefallintopanicduetotheearthquakeandtsunamiinJapanbutexpertsdon’texpectthistobe________aspropermeasureshavebeentaken.A．compulsory B．contemporary C．temporary D．permanent14．AlthoughJaneagreeswithmeonmostpoints,therewasoneonwhichshewasunwillingto______.A．giveout B．giveinC．giveaway D．giveoff15．WehadwantedtosurpriseFatherwithabirthdaygift,butmysister_______byaskinghimwhathewouldlike.A．lickedherlipsB．ateherwordsC．spiltthebeansD．pulledhisleg16．--Hello,Kate.Howisyourweekendathome?--Awful!YouknowitisthefirsttimeI____aloneathome,boredtodeath.A．hasleft B．hadleft C．hadbeenleft D．havebeenleft17．—-Whatdifferencewillitmake_____weshallgototheconcertonTuesdayorSaturday?—Theyofferadiscountonweekdays.A．thatB．whenC．ifD．why18．Laughterproducesshort-termchangesinthefunctionoftheheartandbloodcirculation,_________heartrateandoxygenconsumption.A．increasingB．toincreaseC．havingincreasedD．beingincreased19．—Doyoulikethebookyoufatherboughtyou?—Verymuch.It’sexactly______Iwanted.A．which B．thatC．what D．how20．Howcomeeverykidtodayismeanttobeachampionforsomething_____weknoweverykidcan’tbeastar?A．incaseB．asifC．whenD．unless第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Itwasacoldwinter.Thewindblewallnightandthesnowwasblinding.Whenmorningcame,mythreechildrenandIgotupandmadeourwaytothewindows.Aswelookedoutthewindow,wesawthatthehenhousewasgone.Ourthreehenshadbeenblownaway.Ilookedattheemptinessoutside.ThenIsawallthreechickenssataroundtheedgeofawhitebucket.Howwasthisviolentwindnotblowingthemintothefieldbeyond?Iquicklypulledonlongsnowpantsandheavywintercoat,wrappedascarfandstuckmyfeetintoverylargeboots.Ishoutedatthewindasitblew.Iwasalone,saveformychildren.Theystaredoutthewindowintothevastwhiteseaofsnow,theireyespeeledforanysignofmovement.OutsideIheardthesoundofmybootsasIwalkedagainstthewind.Thesnowcirclingaroundme,Isteadilymademywaytothesoftcluck-cluck-clucksoundmyhensalwaysmade.WhenIreachedthem,Isawthattheirlittlefeetwereholdingontotheedgeofthebucket,headsbentforwardandawayfromthewind.Igentlyliftedeachhenandputitcarefullyintothewarminside.ThenIbeganthefreezingwalkbacktothesmallsheddirectlybehindourhouse.OnebyoneIlaidmychickensonthecoldfloor,andtheybegantoclucksoftly.AsIshutthesheddoors,myeyeswentdirectlytothewindowwheremychildrenwerewatching.Theyjumpedupanddowncheering,andsodidI!Iwasn’tsomedragonslayer(屠龙者)fromafairytale.Iwassimplyamom,butthelookonmychildren’sfacestoldmethattheythoughtIwasaheromom.1、Seeingallthreechickenssittingaroundthebucket,theauthorfelt______.A．incredibleB．worriedC．shyD．confident2、Howdoestheauthorreachthehens

?A．Bysearchingforthewhitebucket.B．Bywearingprotectiveclothes.C．Byfollowingthesoundofthehens.D．Byshoutingatthehenhouse.3、Fromthestory,weknowthat_________.A．theauthor’schildrenlikeddragonslayersB．thechildrenwatchedtheirmotherallthewayC．theauthorstruggledtobeaheroD．theauthorenjoyedherselfinthesnow4、Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Weatherinextreme.B．Hensintrouble.C．Kindnessinneed.D．Herointhesnow.22．（8分）Companionplantingistheideathatsomekindsofplantscanhelpeachothergrow.Plantsthatarecompatible（兼容的，能共处的）togethergenerallyhavesimilarneedsintermsofnutrients，soilandmoisturelevels.Adviceaboutwhichplantsarecompatibleissometimesbasedmoreontraditionthanproof.Butexpertssaythereisevidencetosupportcertaincombinations.Thesecanimproveharvests，reducediseaseandhelpwithpestcontrolbyattractinghelpfulinsects.Forexample，somekindsofsoilbacteriatakenitrogenfromtheairandmakeitintoaformthatplantscanuse.Theplantsholdthenitrogenintheirroots.Legumes(豆科植物)areespeciallygoodatthisnitrogen(氮)fixing.Thenanycropsthatsharethesamespacewiththelegumescangetthenitrogenwhentherootsarebrokendown.Beansandpotatoescanalsoshareterritorywellbecausetheirrootsreachdifferentlevelsinthesoil.Deep-rootedvegetablesgetnutrientsandmoisturefromlowerdowninthesoil，sotheydonotcompletewithplantswithshallowerroots.Butsomeplantsplacedtogethermayharmeachother'sdevelopment.Forexample，tomatoesdonotlikewetsoilbutwatercressdoes，soyouwouldprobablywanttokeepthemseparated.Somekindsofproduceshouldbekeptapartevenafterbeingharvested.Thisisbecauseofethylenegas(乙烯气体)．Ethyleneisaplanthormone(激素)thatcancausesomefoodstoripentooquickly.Applesreleaseethylenegas.Apricots，melonsandtomatoesalsoreleasealotofethylene.Somevegetablesareeasilyaffectedbyethylene，includingasparagus，broccoli，cabbageandcucumbers.Thisriskofripeningtoosooniswhymarketsoftenseparatehighethylene-producingfoodsfromthosethataresensitivetothegas.Butifyouputanappleinabagwithagreenbanana，theethylenefromtheapplewillmakethebananareadytoeatsooner.Whataboutpeaches，plumsandnectarines?Thesekindsoffruitdonotneedanyhelpfromanapple—theyreleaseenoughethylenetoripenthemselves.Butthatdoesnotmeanthereisnowaytogetthejobdonefaster.Growerssuggestplacingthefruitinafruitbowlorinapaperbagwiththetopfoldedover.Keepthefruitatroomtemperature，outofdirectsunlight.Oncethefruitissoftenough，eitheruseitorputitintherefrigeratortokeepitfromgettingtooripe.1、Companionplantingreferstotheideathat．A．somecropscangrowtogethertobenefiteachotherB．somecropshavethesimilarneedsofnutrients，soilandwaterlevelC．someplantscandamageeachotherifgrowntogetherD．agoodfarmingmethodtopreventnaturaldisasters2、Accordingtothetext，cannotgrowtogether.A．beansandpotatoes B．tomatoesandwatercressC．legumesandcorns D．riceandsugarcane3、Whatisthefunctionofethylene?A．Toimprovethequalityoffruits. B．Toproduceapoisonousgas.C．Tokeepvegetablesfresh. D．Tomakefruitsripeearlier.4、Thetextismostlikelytobetakenfrom．A．anewspaperofmedicine B．amagazineofbiologyC．ajournalofagriculture D．atravelreport23．（8分）MathsandMusicAnexcellentwaytokillaconversationistosayyouareamathematician．Tellothersyouarealsoamusician，however，andtheywillbehooked．Althoughthereareobvioussimilaritiesbetweenmathematicalandmusicalactivity，thereisnodirectevidenceforthekindofmagicalconnectionmanypeopleseemtobelievein．I'mpartlyreferringheretothe"Mozarteffect"，wherechildrenwhohavebeenplayingMozartcompositionsaresupposedlymoreintelligent，includingatmaths，thanotherchildren．Itisnothardtoseewhysuchatheorywouldbepopular：wewouldallliketobecomebetteratmathswithoutputtinginanyeffort．ButtheconclusionsoftheexperimentthatexpressedthebeliefintheMozarteffectweremuchmoremodest．Ifyouwantyourbraintoworkbetter，youclearlyhavetoputinhardwork．Asforlearningtoplaythepiano，italsotakeseffort．Surelyaconnectionisquitereasonable．Bothmathsandmusicdealwithabstractstructures，soifyoubecomegoodatone，thenitislikelythatyoubecomegoodatsomethingmoregeneralthathelpsyouwiththeother．Ifthisiscorrect，itwouldshowaconnectionbetweenmathematicalandmusicalability．Itwouldbemoreliketheconnectionbetweenabilitiesatfootballandtennis．Tobecomebetteratone，youneedtoimproveyourfitnessandcoordination（协调）．Thatmakesyoubetteratsportandprobablyhelpswiththeother．Abstractstructuresdon'texistonlyinmathsandmusic．Ifyoulearnalanguagethenyouneedtounderstanditsabstractstructureslikegrammar．Yetwedon'thearpeopleaskingaboutaconnectionbetweenmathematicalandlinguistic（语言的）ability．Maybethisisbecausegrammarfeelsmathematical，soitwouldn'tbesurprisingthatmathematicianswerebetteratlearninggrammar．Music，however，isstronglytiedupwithfeelingsandcanbeenjoyedevenbypeoplewhoknowlittleaboutit．Assuch，itseemsdifferentfrommaths，sotherewouldn'tbeanyconnectionbetweenthetwo．Let'sseehowwesolveproblemsofthe"AistoBasCistoD"kind．Theseappearinintelligencetestsbuttheyarealsoimportanttobothmusicandmaths．ConsidertheopeningofMozart'sEineKleineNachtmusik（小夜曲）．Thesecondphrase（小节）isaclearanswertothefirst．Thelistenerthinks："ThefirstphrasegoesupwardandusesthenotesofaGmajorchord（和弦）；whatwouldbethecorrespondingphrasethatgoesdownwardandusesthenotesofaD7？"Musicisfullofpuzzleslikethis．Ifyouaregoodatthem，expectationswillconstantlybesetupinyourmind．Thebestmomentssurpriseyoubybeingunexpected，butweneedtheexpectationsinthefirstplace．1、Whatdoestheauthorsayabout"Mozarteffect"？______A．Thegoalofitwasnotcarefullythoughtabout．B．Thefindingsfromitgavepeoplewronginformation．C．Theinterestpeopleshowedinitwasunexpected．D．Thewayitwascarriedoutprovedtobeineffective．2、TheauthormentionedfootballandtennisinParagraph3toshowthat______．A．footballandtennisareplayedinasimilarway．B．certainskillsmaybedevelopedthroughpractice．C．musicandmathshavesomethingincommon．D．abstractstructuresbringbenefitstovariousfields．3、WecaninferfromParagraph4that______．A．languageseemsmorelikemathsthanmusicdoes．B．languageislessappealingtolearners．C．mathematiciansaregoodatmusiclearning．D．thestructureoflanguageiseasiertolearnthanthatofmusic．4、Whatdoesthewriterintendtostateinthelastparagraph？______A．Howmusicdiffersfrommaths．B．Whymusicianspossessmathematicalabilities．C．WhyMozartissohighlyconsideredbymathematicians．D．Howabstractthinkingappliestobothmusicandmaths．24．（8分）Whenyou’reoutwithafriendandtakeaphotoofyourselves,doyouknowthatyouarealsocreatingaworkofart?OrthatyouarecompetingwithVincentvanGoghhimself?Probablynot.Yourideamightbetoshowoffyourselfie(自拍照)onWeChatorQQ,butyouprobablydon’tthinkoftheInternetasagalleryorofyourselfasanartist.ButthechiefexecutiveofLondon’sSaatchiGallery,NigelHurst,thinksthatthecasualpictureswetakeofourselveshavesomethingincommonwithself-portraitsbythegreatmasters.Insupportoftheidea,theSaatchiGalleryhasanewexhibitioncalledFromSelfietoSelf-Expression.Itfeatureswell-knownself-portraitsfromartistsincludingDutchpaintersVanGogh(1853-1890)andRembrandt(1606–1669).Italsohasselfiesonshowthathave“quicklybecomeiconsofthedigitalera.”TheseincludeonetakenbyUScelebrity(名人)KimKardashianandanotherofformerUSPresidentBarackObamawithformerUKPrimeMinisterDavidCameron,accordingtotheBBC．Thegalleryisevenencouragingvisitorstoaddtheirownselfiestotheshow.Hurstisperhapsnotbeing100percentserious.Heisn’tclaimingthatasnapyoutakeofyourselfinyourfavoriterestaurantcanbecomparedwithaself-imagepaintedbyVanGogh.Buthedoesmakeaseriouspoint.Onceuponatime,itwasonlyartistswhocouldmakeimagesofthemselves.Theyweretheonlyones,asHursttoldTheGuardian,who“hadtheskills,materialsandtoolstocreateself-portraits.”Today,however,we“allhavethat[ability]throughoursmartphones.”Thepopularityoftheselfierocketedaftersmartphonesstartedtobecomewidelyused.In2013,OxfordDictionariesnamed“selfie”asitswordoftheyear.AsPamelaRutledge,aprofessorattheMassachusettsSchoolofProfessionalPsychology,toldVoguemagazine:“thecult(热潮)oftheselfiecelebratesregularpeople”.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“features”inparagraph3mostprobablymean?A．informsB．showsC．sellsD．misses2、NigelHurst’sattitudetothesmartphoneselfieis_______.A．casualB．mixedC．favorableD．negative3、WhosharesopinionswithNigelHurst?A．KimKardashianB．BarackObamaC．DavidCameronD．PamelaRutledge4、Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．SelfiesasSelf-portraitsB．AgeofSmartphonesC．AgeofSelfieArtistsD．SelfiesofCelebrities25．（10分）NewYear'sresolutions(决心)havebeenaroundlongenoughthatweallscenttosticktothesameones--hitthegym,layoffthecandy,readmorebooks,callyourmother-regardlessofwhetherwefollowthroughwithourintentions.WhileJanuary1stseemsliketheperfecttimetohaveanewstartagain,exactlywhenpeopledevelopedthatmindset(思维模式)isn’tcommonknowledge.Itturnsoutthatthemodernbeliefof'aNewYear’sresolutionisn’tasoldasyouthought.Accordingtomanyhistorians,theancientBabylonianswerethefirstgroupofpeopletomakeNewYear’sresolutions.However,insteadofmakingacommitmenttoselfimprovement,theymadeacommitmenttothegodstopaytheirdebtsandreturnanyobjectstheyhadborrowed.AnancientRomantraditionfrom46B．C,bearsevenmorelikenesstomodernresolutions.EmperorJuliusCaesardeclaredJanuarythemonthofJanus.RomansbelievedJanuslookedbackwardsintothepreviousyearandaheadintothefuture.Inhishonor,theymadesacrificestothegodandpromisesofgoodbehaviorforthecoiningyear.ButthemodernNewYear'sresolutiondidn’tfullyformuntilcenturieslater.Thepracticewascommonenoughbytheearly1800s.Anarticlein1802states,"Statesmenhavesworntohavenootherobjetinviewthanthegoodoftheircountry..thephysicianshavedeterminedtoadvisetheuseofmedicinenomorethanisnecessary,andtoheveryreasonableintheirfees.”Thefirsttime“NewYear'sresolution"appearedasaphrasewasintheJanuary1stissueofaBostonnewspaperin1813.“Ibelievetherearealotofpeople,"thearticlegoes,“withaseriousdeterminationofbeginningtheNewYearwithnewresolutionsandnewbehavior,andwiththefullbeliefthattheyshallacceptpunishmentforalltheirformerfaultsandwipethemaway.Soasyoumake(andpossiblyfailat)yourNewyear'sresolutions,knowthatyou'reingoodcompany.1、WhoseNewYearsresolutionsweremostdifferentfromthepresentcommonpractice?A．AncientBabylonians’. B．AncientRomans’.C．Statesmen'sinthe1800s. D．Bostonpeople'sin1813.2、AccordingtoParagraph4,thephysiciansfocusedtheirresolutionson_______A．annualincomes. B．personalambitions.C．professionalhonesty. D．academicimprovement.3、Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．ToencouragepeopletomakeNewyear'sresolutions.B．TogiveadviceonhowtomakeNewYear’sresolutions.C．TocomparedifferentNewyear'sresolutionsinhistory.D．TointroducethedevelopmentofNewYear'sresolutions.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）AllQuietinaDarkenedLibraryAftermymotherdied,myfather,whowas75atthetime,begantoregularlyvisitthelocallibraryinEpping.Helovedgoingthere1heenjoyedreadingdifferentkindsofbooks,especiallyreadingthenewspapersonSaturdays.Thelibraryhadasmallarea,wherethesoftcarpet,foldingchairsandlapdesks2acomfortablespaceforindependentreading.Mydadwouldsitthereforhours.ThisparticularwinterySaturday,atabout12noon,afterbeingtherefortwohours,mydad3thatitwasveryquietanddarkerthanusual.Helookedaround,realizingthatallthestaffhadleftandhehadbeen4lockedin.Mydadwasa“panicmerchant”atthebestoftimes,soIcanonly5whathewaslikewhenthishappened.Thedoorshadbeenlockedfromtheoutsideandhehadnoway6.Hemusthavefeltcompletelyata7,sincehedidn’tknowsome8forhandlingthiskindofcrazysituation.Mydadlookedatthenoticeboardstotrytofinda9phonenumber—astaffmemberorsomeonehecouldringtohelplethimout—butwithout10.Soherangthepolicestationandtheykindlygotintouchwiththeheadlibrarian.Theheadlibrarianimmediatelyrangmydadbackatthelibrary,and11thatshewouldbesoonthere.Shetriedto12himandevenexplainedhowhecouldmakeacoffeeifhewished.Thiswasverynice,butmydadwasintoomuchofa“13”todoso.Thankfully,theheadlibrarianarrived14thehourandletmydadout.Sheapologizedforthe15ithadcausedmyfatherandsentmyfatherbackhomeinperson.Wewereverygrateful,sinceshecouldeasilyhavebeen16athavingtocomebacktowork.Thenextdaymydadseemedto17fromthisaccident.Healmostforgotallabouttheunpleasantness,andevenfoundhisexperiencequite18.Iguesstheentirestaffnowmakesextrasurethatthelibraryis19beforetheyleave.What’smore,mydadhaslearnedanimportantlessonbyhimself—neveragainbecamequiteso20inhisreading.3851、A．asB．ifC．tillD．though2、A．measuredB．occupiedC．replacedD．created3、A．expectedB．noticedC．admittedD．doubted4、A．accidentallyB．constantlyC．properlyD．illegally5、A．acquireB．witnessC．imagineD．explore6、A．alongB．backC．downD．out7、A．failureB．lossC．riskD．distance8、A．tipsB．marksC．notesD．senses9、A．convenientB．flexibleC．relevantD．temporary10、A．troubleB．effortC．permissionD．success11、A．promisedB．informedC．assumedD．reminded12、A．forgiveB．comfortC．instructD．persuade13、A．resultB．choiceC．stateD．trend14、A．overB．nearC．beyondD．within15、A．conflictB．anxietyC．regretD．blame16、A．ashamedB．confusedC．annoyedD．pleased17、A．recoverB．reflectC．struggleD．suffer18、A．satisfyingB．amusingC．scaringD．astonishing19、A．tidyB．openC．quietD．empty20、A．distributedB．blockedC．absorbedD．exposed第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）语法填空China,whichboastsepochal(划时代的)inventionsinancienttimes,hasonceagainproveditsability1．(change)theworldwithits“newfourgreatinventions”:high-speedrailways,electronicpayments,sharedbicyclesandonlineshoppingThenewfourgreatinventionsareallrelatedtoChina’shigh-techinnovation,whichimprovedthequalityofpeople’slivesMywalletisnolongerinuseIcanbuyandeatwhateverIwant2．(simple)withatapofmyphone,andevenpancakesellersareusingAlipay(mobilepayment)Thebikes3．(them)arenotnew,buttheoperatingmodelofbike-sharing4．(base)onsatellitenavigation(导航)system,mobilepayment,bigdataandotherhightechnologiesSharedbikesarebringingcyclingback5．people’slivesandtheyaremakingpublictransportmoreattractiveandconvenient,and6．(encourage)peopletobemoreactiveItisincreasinglyclearthatChinaisinnovating(创新)andnolongercopyingwesternideasItisincreasinglyclearthatChinaisleadinginmany7．(way)suchassocialmessagingappWeChatThisispartly8．ChinaskippedoverthePCera-andwentdirectlytomobileChinahasthelargestmobileuseintheworld9．growingnumberofforeignershopetopromoteeconomic10．(develop)intheirhomecountriesbyhighlighting(聚焦)theneedfortechnologicalachievementslikethatofChina第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Mr.Zhang,ourEnglishteacher,tellingusthattheabilitytowriteinEnglishisbecomingincreasinglyimportantinEnglishcommunicationaswellasinexaminations.Therefore,itwasworthfocusingourattention.Inordertowritethegoodessay,weshouldhaveanexcellentlycommandofover2,000frequently-usedEnglishwords.It’snecessaryandusefulforustoreadorevenrecitebeautifulEnglishartic