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重点词汇精讲精练【详细版】根据实际需要进行二次编辑删减陆续更新后续教材和单元,欢迎关注收藏第一部分:讲interaction[ˌɪntərˈækʃən]n.交流;相互影响【教材原句】Weusebothwordsandbodylanguagetoexpressourthoughtsandopinionsinourinteractionswithotherpeople.在与他人的互动中,我们用语言和肢体语言来表达我们的思想和观点。【派】interactvi.互动;交流;相互作用interactiveadj.交互式的;人机对话的【搭配归纳】interactwith… 与……交流/沟通aninteractivegame/video 交互式游戏/视频【讲练通关】①Tobeagoodteacher,youhavetointeractwell_______allsortsofstudents.②Therearefourfantasticgalleriestovisitfromfineartto______________(interact)fun,sothere'ssomethingforeveryone!③Asyouknowtheevolutionofanyspeciesislargelyinfluencedbyits_______________(interact)withotherspecies.④Observingand______________________________willhelpyougetoveryourproblems.观察动物并且和它们互动会帮助你克服你的问题。KEY:withinteractiveinteractionsinteractingwithanimalsvary[ˈveəri]
vi.(根据情况)变化;改变【教材原句】Justlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.就像口头语言一样,肢体语言也因文化而异。【语境辨意】theinteractionbetweenteacherandstudent师生之间的交流Hermoodvarieswiththeweather.她的情绪随着天气变化。Thetemperaturevariesfromtimetotime.温度常常变化。Theswordhardlyvariedinformfromthe12thtothe15thcentury.剑的样式从12世纪到15世纪几乎没有什么改变。Americaisregardedasameltingpotwhereexistsavarietyofethnicandculturalgroupswithvariouscustomers.Sometimespeople'scustomerscanvarywithtime.Astheworld'sfirstnationalpark,Yellowstoneisfamousforthevarietyofitswildlife,butitisprobablybestknownforitsbears.作为世界上第一个国家公园,黄石国家公园以其野生生物的多样化而闻名,但其中最广为人知的可能还是那里的熊。【派】varietyn.变化;种类;多样性variousadj.各种各样的variedadj.各种各样的;多变的【搭配归纳】varyinsth.在某方面不同(varyinsize/colour 大小/颜色不一样)varywithsth.随……而变化varyfromAtoB/betweenAandB从A到B不等/在A到B之间变化avarietyof=varietiesof许多的;各种各样的【讲练通关】【一句多译】由于各种原因,我不愿见他。_____________________________________________________.①Withits_____________(vary)climate,thecountryattractsbothwinterandsummersportsenthusiasts.②__________(vary)ofthesecropshavebeencollectedfromallaroundthedistrict.③Everysolidobjectwillreflectasound,_________(vary)accordingtothesizeandnatureoftheobject.④Ourschoolprovidesuswithadiverserangeofselectivecourses,_________________________________.学校给我们提供了各种选修课程,从艺术到音乐都有。⑤TheInternetisveryflexible,andhasprovideddifferenttypesofchoicesforonlinecourses.→TheInternetisveryflexible,andhasprovided_________________________/________________________foronlinecourses.(同义句改写)KEY:Forvariousreasons,I'dprefernottomeethim.=Foravarietyofreasons,I'dprefernottomeethim.=Forvarietiesofreasons,I'dprefernottomeethim.varied/variousVarietiesvaryingvaryingfromarttomusicavarietyofchoices/varietiesofchoicesapprove[əˈpruːv]
vi.赞成;同意vt.批准;通过【教材原句】Inothercountries,bycontrast,eyecontactisnotalwaysapprovedof.相比之下,在其他国家,眼神交流并不总是被认可。【派】approvaln.赞成;同意;认可approvedadj. 得到正式批准(或认可)的disapprovev.不同意;不批准disapprovalvi.不赞同vt.不批准【温馨提示】常见的动词加al变为名词形式的有:survive→survival;arrive→arrival;refuse→refusal【搭配归纳】approveof赞成;同意approveofsb./sb.'s(doing)sth.同意某人(做)某事win/earnone'sapproval取得某人的同意/赞成giveone'sapproval 同意with/withoutapprovalof经/未经……的批准同意短语:agreewithsb.about/onsth.beinfavorof;beforsth.反义短语:disagreewithsb.about/onsomething;objecttodoingsth.;beagainststh.disapproveofsth.【语境辨意】Thoughherfatherneverapprovedofhergoingtodramaschool,shebecameawellknownactress.虽然她父亲从不赞成她上戏剧学校,但她却成了著名的女演员。Theminutesofthelastmeetingwereapproved.上次会议记录已获得通过。Theministerapprovedthebuildingplan.部长批准了该建筑计划。Herfatherwillneverapproveofhermarriagetoyou.他父亲永远不会同意她和你结婚。Idon'tneedapprovalallthetime.Ifsomeonedoesnotapproveofme,Iwillstillbeokay.我不总是需要别人的认同,如果有人不认同我,我还是会觉得没事。Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldapprovemyapplicationandinformmeoftheinterview.【讲练通关】①Iapproveofyou________(try)toenrichyoursocialskills,butpleasedon'tneglectyourstudies.②[江苏卷]Manypeoplenowmeasuretheirstatusbyhowmuchpublic________(approve)theygetonline,oftenthrough“likes”.③HesaidtheplanannouncedonSunday,if________,wouldavoidsuchaproblem.④Theagreement___________(approve)beforethemeetingcametoanend.⑤Thereislittledoubtthatthemitteewillgivewholehearted____________(approve)totheproject,soyoucanmakepreparationsforitnow.⑥LijiangAncientTown,alsoknownasDayanTownship,isoneofthesecondbatchofthe_____________(approve)historicalandculturalfamouscities.⑦Wearepleasedtotellyouthattheprojectproposal________________________byourauthority.我们很高兴地告诉你们,有关部门已经批准了项目计划书。⑧Hetoldhisplantohisfriends,and__________________________________________________________.→Hetoldhisplantohisfriends,___________________________________________________________.(用定语从句)他把自己的计划告诉了朋友们,其中多数人赞同他实施那个计划。KEY:Tryingapprovalapprovedwasapprovedapprovalapprovedhasbeenapprovedmostofthemapprovedofhimcarryingitoutmostofwhomapprovedofhimcarryingitoutdemonstrate[ˈdemənstreɪt]
vl.表现;表达;说明;证明(tt.示范;演示)demonstratehowtheputerworks示范计算机的运行方式Youneedtodemonstratemoreselfcontrol.你应该表现出更强的自制力。Researchershavedemonstratedhoweffectivethefitforlifemodelofgymclasscanbe.研究者已经证明这种生活化的体育课是多么有效。(上海)搭:demonstrateagainstsb/sth示威反对某人/某物【高考真题】Booksthemselvesmaybeusedsymbolicallyinpaintingstodemonstratetheintellect(才智),wealthorfaithofthesubject.书籍本身可以象征性地用于绘画,以展示主题的才智、财富或信仰。(2023全国新高考II卷阅读)gesture[ˈdʒestʃə(r)]
n.手势;姿势;姿态►n.①[C,U]姿势;手势:Heraisedhishandsinagestureofdespair.他举起双手表示绝望。②[C]姿态,表示:Weholdapartyforournewcolleaguesasagestureoffriendship.我们为新同事举办了一个聚会,以示友善。Handshakeisagestureoffriendship.握手是一种友好的表示。►v.做手势;用手势(或动作)表示:ShewasgesturingsoexcitedlythatIknewsomethingwaswrong.她如此激动地打着手势,我就知道出了问题。Igesturedthechildover.我朝那孩子打手势叫他过来。例:Hedidnotspeak,butwithagesturetoldmetofollowhim.他没有讲话,只用手势示意我跟他走。【高考真题】Itwasaverynicegestureforhimtomake.对他来说,这是一个非常好的姿势。(2023全国甲卷完型)witness[ˈwɪtnəs]
vt.当场看到;目击;见证n.目击者;证人【教材原句】InJapan,someonewhowitnessesanotherpersonemployingthegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.在日本,看到另一个人用这个手势的人可能会认为这是钱的意思。【高考真题】(2022全国甲卷阅读)Fromseeingthewildlifetowitnessingsunrises,thewholeexperiencewasamazing.从观赏野生动物到观赏日出,整个经历都令人惊叹。【搭配归纳】(1)witnesssth.目击了某事witnessto(doing)sth.证实,证明(做)某事witnessfor为……作证(2)beawitnesstosth.是某事的证据/证人bear/givewitnessto做……的证人;为……作证【语境辨意】Awitnesswasexaminedbyhiminacourtoflaw.他在法庭上质问一个证人。Hegavewitnessonbehalfofanaccusedperson.他为被告作证。Manypeoplewitnessedtheaccident.很多人看到了那场意外事故。Severalresidentsclaimedtohavewitnessedtheattack.几位居民称目击了这个袭击事件。aneyewitnesstotherobber抢劫案的一名目击者Thedriverwitnessedtohavingseenthemanenterthebuilding.司机作证说,他看到此人进入那栋大楼。Thesefactsareawitnesstohiscarelessness.这些事实证明了他的粗心。Thewitnesswhowitnessedtheincidentgavewitnesstothepoliceandpromisedtobeawitness.这个目击了这起事故的目击者向警察提交了证据并且答应做证人。witness作动词时,常用拟人化的方式陈述事实,用事物名词直接作主语,表述既简洁又形象。用法类似的动词还有see,find等Thepasttenyearshaswitnessedapletetransformationofmyhometown.TheancientandbeautifulSilkRoadisawitnesstotheSinoEuropeanexchangesoverthousandsofyears.古老而美丽的“丝绸之路”见证了中欧数千年来的交往。【讲练通关】①Thewitnesswho________theincidentgavewitness________thepoliceandpromisedtobe________witness.(witness)②Witheconomydevelopingatgreatspeed,ourcity________(witness)quiteafewchangesinrecentyears.③Thereexistedanobviousconflictbetweentheaccountsofthe________(witness),soajudgmentwasnotannouncedincourt.④Hisgoodhealthisawitness____thesuccessofthetreatment.⑤ThankstotheInternet,we____________________(witness)themostimportantchangeinourlifestylesinthepast100years.⑥Fromseeingthewildlifeto______________(witness)sunrises,thewholeexperiencewasamazing.⑦Thepoliceareaskingpeople________________________________toeforwardwithinformationaboutthegunmen.警方正在号召这次袭击事件的目击者提供有关持枪歹徒的信息。⑧Onlinenewsmediahavedevelopedrapidlyinthepastdecades.→__________________________________________therapiddevelopmentofonlinenewsmedia.(用witness改写)KEY:witnessedtoahaswitnessedwitnessestohavewitnessedwitnessingwhowitnessedtheattackThepastdecadeshavewitnessedemploy[ɪmˈplɔɪ]
vt.使用;应用;雇用n.[U]雇用,使用【教材原句】InJapan,someonewhowitnessesanotherpersonemployingthegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.在日本,看到别人做这个手势的人可能会认为这是钱的意思。【语境辨意】Themillemploysathousandworkers.这家工厂雇用了1000名工人。Howdoyouemployyoursparetime?你是怎样利用你的空余时间的?Shewasemployedinmakingalistofallthejobstobedone.她忙着把要做的所有工作列一个清单。Thechildrenemployedthemselvesinpainting.孩子们忙于画画儿。IfIamluckyenoughtobeemployed,I'llsparenoefforttorepayyouforyourtrust.如果我有幸被录用,我将不遗余力地回报您的信任。Sheisemployedsecretary.她被聘为秘书。Shewasemployedinmakingalistofallthejobstobedone.她忙着把要做的所有工作列一个清单。Shehasbeenemployingherselfinmakingpreparationsforthemeetingallthemorning.整个上午她一直忙于会议的准备工作。【搭配归纳】employsb.as...雇用某人为······:employsb.todosth.雇用某人做某事(做)某事employoneselfin 使忙于,使从事于beemployedindoingsth 从事于,忙于(做某事)【同义结构】表示“忙碌”的其他表达:bebusydoingsth;beoccupiedwithsth/indoingsth;beengagedindoing;beburiedin;beimmersedin;belostin;【词语辨析】employ,hireemploy长时间地雇用;hire临时或一次性地“雇用”。【派】employeen.受雇者,雇工,雇员employern.雇用者,雇主employmentn.工作,职业;雇用,使用,就业人数unemployedadj. 失业的outofemployment 失业【讲练通关】【高考真题】Carsonprovesthatasimpleliteraryformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill______(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.卡森(Carson)证明,一种古老的简单文学形式今天仍然可以______(使用)来引起人们对重要真理的关注。(2023全国甲卷语法填空)KEY:beemployed①Therehasbeenarisein___________________(employment)thisyear,whichworriesthegovernmentverymuch.②OnMarch13,whileonduty,CharlesMcLaughlin,averycarelessdriver_____________(employ)bythepanyLummiswasinvolvedinanotheraccident.③Severalprofessionalshavebeenemployed__________(deal)withtheissueofenvironmentalpollution.④___________________________________________________________doesn'tnecessarilymeanthatyouhavenobrightfuture.不被知名的公司录用并不一定意味着你没有美好的未来。⑤Mobiletechnology_____________________________________variousworkplacesinrecentdecades,makingolddesktopputersoutofdate.最近几十年里,移动技术被广泛地用在各种工作场所,使得老式台式机过时了。KEY:unemploymentemployedtodealNotbeingemployedbyawellknownpanyhasbeenwidelyemployedininterpret[ɪnˈtɜːprət]
v.诠释;领会,把…理解为;口译;演绎①解释;阐述:HowcanIinterpretthisbehavior?我怎么解释这种行为呢?②(口头)翻译:HequicklyinterpretedtomewhattheRussianwassaying.他即刻把俄罗斯人说的话翻译给我听。I'mnotquitesurehowtointerpretthisquestion.对于怎样解释这个问题我没有十分的把握Willyoupleaseinterpretitforme?请你帮我翻译一下好吗?【高考真题】Ifwewanttoreconstructwhatwasactuallygoingonthatday,theshieldmustbequestionedandinterpretedasdeeplyandstrictlyasthewrittenreports.如果我们想重建那天实际发生的事情,盾牌必须像书面报告一样受到深刻和严格的质疑和解释。(2023全国乙卷阅读)differ[ˈdɪfə(r)]
v.有区别;有分歧【教材原句】Eventhegesturesweusefor“yes”and“no”differaroundtheworld.甚至我们使用的“是”和“不是”的手势在世界各地也是不同的。【派】differentadj.不同的differencen.不同,差别【搭配归纳】differfrom...与……不同/有区别differin(size,colour,age…)在……方面不同differwithsb.on/about/oversth.与某人在某事上持不同(看法)bedifferentfrom...与……不同makeadifference(to...)(对……)有作用或影响【语境辨意】Asweallknow,AmericanEnglishandBritishEnglishdifferinsomesmallways.众所周知,美式英语和英式英语在一些细节上有差别。Learnerswithdifferentculturalbackgroundsdifferalotintheirthinkingpatternsandlearningstyles.Thedifferencecanbeinvestigatedandexplained.不同文化背景的学习者在思维模式和学习风格上有很大的不同。这种差异可以被研究和解释。JapanesediffersgreatlyfromFrenchinpronunciation.日语发音和法语大不相同。Conditionsofemploymentdifferaccordingtothetypeofpanyyouareworkingfor.雇佣条件因供职公司的不同而有差异。【讲练通关】①Theentirevillagewasdestroyed.Itnowlooksentirelydifferent________thepreviousone.②Hedidnotregretgivingthementbutfeltthathecouldhaveexpressedit________(different).③Ibelieveitisagoodchancetohavesomeacquaintancewiththecultural________(difference)betweenourtwocountries.④Thetwoleadersdifferedfromeachother__________severalissues.⑤Intheclass,ourteacherofteninstructsustoimproveourreadingabilityandhisinstructionmakes________differenceinourEnglishlearning.KEY:fromdifferentlydifferenceson/about/overa①Chineseeatinganddrinkinghabitsdiffergreatly_______thoseintheWest.②Leavesarefoundonallkindsoftrees,buttheydiffergreatly____sizeandshape.③Whatyouhavetoldmemaymakeadifference____myownposition.④____________(differ)fromcars,cyclingisameansofenvironmentallyfriendlytransportation.⑤_______________________________________mayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.国与国之间的时尚不同,这或许会从一方面反映出文化的差异。⑥ItisobviousthattablemannersinChina______________________________________ofWesterners.(different)→ItisobviousthattablemannersinChina_____________________________ofWesterners.(differ)很明显,中国的餐桌礼仪与西方人的截然不同。KEY:fromintodifferingThatfashiondiffersfromcountrytocountryarequitedifferentfromthosedifferquitefromthosebyparison/contrast相比之下,相比较【教材原句】Byparison,inBulgariaandsouthernAlbania,thegestureshavetheoppositemeaning.相比之下,在保加利亚和阿尔巴尼亚南部,这些手势的含义却正好相反。【派】parev.比较parativeadj.比较而言的【搭配归纳】byparison(withsth.)相比之下,(与……)比较起来inparisonwithsth.与……相比,相比之下makeaparison做比较pare...withsth...把……和……相比pare...tosth...把……比喻成……【讲练通关】①Aftermonthsoflivinginatropicalclimate,Spainseemedcoolin/by________(pare).②[天津卷]________(pare)with/________parisonwithadults,childrenaremoreeagertoexploretheworldaroundthem.③Myfavoriteseasonisautumnbecausetheweatherismoreagreeable________parisonwithsummer.①Manyparentslikeparingtheirownchildren____________theirfriends'children.②Thesecondhalfofthegamewasdull____parisonwiththefirst.③Haveyoueverconsideredhowweakhumansare_____________(pare)toavolcano,hurricaneorearthquake?④_________________________andyouwillfindthatthesameshirtinthisclothingstorecoststwiceasmuchasinthatshoppingmall.比较一下你就会发现,同样的衬衫在这家服装店比那家购物中心的贵两倍。⑤Myfavouriteseasonisautumnbecausetheweatherismoreagreeable_______________________summer.(pare)→Myfavouriteseasonisautumnbecausetheweatherismoreagreeable_________________________summer.(parison)我最喜欢的季节是秋天,因为与夏天相比,秋天的气候更加宜人。KEY:parisonparedinby/inwith/andinparedMakeaparisonparedwith/tobyparisonwithfavour[ˈfeɪvə(r)]
n.赞同,支持;帮助;偏袒v.更喜爱;偏袒;有利于;长得像【教材原句】Elsewhere,peoplefavourshakinghands,bowingfromthewaist,ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.在其他地方,人们见面时喜欢握手、弯腰鞠躬或点头。【语境辨意】Amothermustnotshowfavortoonechildmorethananother.做母亲的不应偏爱某一个孩子。Amothershouldn'tshowtoomuchfavourtooneofherchildren.母亲不应该对一个孩子表现出过多的宠爱。Imustdeclinetoshowfavourtoanyofthecandidates.我必须拒绝偏袒任何一位候选人。CanIaskyouafavor?请您帮个忙好吗?Ihaveafavortoask.我想请你帮个忙。Fortunefavorsthebold/brave.天佑勇者。Wefavoryourproposal.我们赞成你的建议。Chancesalwaysfavourthosewhomakeadequatepreparations.我想请你帮忙,你能把你的借给我吗?Iwanttoaskafavourofyou;willyoulendmeyourcellphone?=Iwanttoaskyouforafavour;willyoulendmeyourcellphone?【搭配归纳】winsb.'sfavor赢得某人的好感(或欢心)dosbafavor/doafavorforsb.帮某人一个忙showfavourtosb.偏袒某人asksb.afavour=askafavourofsb.请某人帮忙infavourof...赞成;支持insb.'sfavour对某人有利owesb.afavour欠某人人情returnthefavour归还人情;报答某人【派】favourableadj. 给人好印象的;赞同的;有利的favorablyadv. 顺利地;有利地;赞成地favouriteadj. 最喜欢的;特别喜爱的favouredadj. 受青睐的;得到偏爱的;称心的,合意的【讲练通关】①Iam________(支持)yoursuggestionthatweshouldspendmoretimeonthissubject.②Couldyou________________(帮我个忙)andpickupSamfromschooltoday?③MayI________________(请你帮个忙)topickupSamfromschooltoday?④Thesituationis________________(对你有利),aseveryonecansee.KEY:infavorofdomeafavor/doafavourformeaskyouafavorinyourfavor①Thiscandidatehasalot____herfavour,especiallyherexperienceofteaching.②Wewouldview______________(favour)anysensiblesuggestionformaintainingthebusiness.③Becauseofreliablequalityandreasonableprice,ourproductshavebeenhighly____________(favour)bythemajorityofcustomers.④Couldyou_____________________andpickupSamfromschooltoday?今天你能帮我个忙去学校接萨姆吗?⑤Personallyspeaking,I_________________________________putforwardatthemeeting.(favourvt.)→Personallyspeaking,I________________________________putforwardatthemeeting.(favourn.)就我个人而言,我完全赞成会议上提出的建议。KEY:infavorablyfavoureddomeafavourtotallyfavouredtheproposalwastotallyinfavouroftheproposalbow[baʊ]
n.鞠躬;船头v.鞠躬;低头;屈服于;使沮丧►vt.&vi.鞠躬;点头/鞠躬表示……,(使)屈服►n.[C]鞠躬;点头;屈从:Hebowedhisthanks.他鞠躬致谢。Withabowheledtheway.他鞠躬后领路前行。例Hebowedlowbeforethekingtoshowhisrespect.他向国王深深鞠躬以表敬意。waist[weɪst]
n.腰;腰部Shewasparalysedfromthewaistdown(=intheareabelowherwaist).她从腰部以下都瘫痪了。Herwaistmeasures20inchesaround.她的腰围为20英寸。makeinferences推理;推断例Ahumancansometimesmakeinferencesbasedonpreviousknowledge.人们有时可以根据以往的了解进行推断。breakdown[breɪkdaʊn]
消除;分解;打破(出故障;失败;被搞垮)【教材原句】Asmilecanbreakdownbarriers.微笑可以消除隔阂。【语境辨意】Policehadtobreakdownthedoortogetintotheflat.警方只得把门撞开进入公寓里面。Ourcarbrokedownandwehadtodrawittoagarage.我们的车坏了,不得不把它拖到修车厂去。Bythenthegatewasbeingbrokendown.那时候大门快要被砸开了。Gettingtheteenagerstogetherwillhelptobreakdownthebarriersbetweenthem.【搭配归纳】breakawayfrom脱离;摆脱;挣脱;打破陈规breakin闯入;强行进入breakinto 强行闯入;突然开始(笑、唱等)breakout突然发生;爆发(不用于被动语态)breakup打碎;分裂;解体;解散breakthrough突破,突围breakoff中断【讲练通过】①Ittakesalongtimetobreakdownprejudice.________②Newsreportssaypeacetalksbetweenthetwocountrieshavebrokendownwithnoagreementreached.________③Withtheincreasingburdenofhiswork,hefinallybrokedownandhadtotakeapleterest.________④Whatisknowntousallisthatthebacteriathatliveinthesoilhelptobreakdownourwastes.________⑤Ourcarbrokedownandwehadtopushitofftheroad._________⑥Whenwegaveherthebadnews,shebrokedownandcried._______________________⑦Ittakeshundredsofyearsforplastictobreakdown,butmuchlesstimeforpaper._______KEY:打破失败/终止身体垮了分解出故障感情失控痛哭起来分解barrier[ˈbæriə(r)]
n.屏障;障碍;界限;壁垒;隔阂;阻碍;关口;栅栏;挡板例Poorhealthmaybeabarriertosuccess.健康欠佳可能成为取得成功的障碍。fake[feɪk]adj.假的;伪造的v.伪造;假装n.假货;冒充者 例Whenwasthelasttimeyouflashedafakesmileattheoffice? 你在办公室最近一次的假笑是什么时候呢? anger[ˈæŋɡə(r)]
n.愤怒,怒气v.激怒,使生气 例Somepeopleexpresstheirangerthroughviolence.一些人通过暴力表达他们的愤怒。Hisrudenessangeredher.他的粗鲁激怒了她。reliable[rɪˈlaɪəbl]
adj.可信赖的;可靠的【教材原句】Whichisamorereliableguideforunderstandingsomeone'sfeelings,theirbodylanguageorthewordstheyspeak?哪一个是了解人们情感的可靠指示:他们的肢体语言还是他们说的话?【语境辨意】Ithasahighlyreliablecontrolsystem.它具备一套极可靠的控制系统。He'sagoodmusicianandtotallyreliable.他是个出色的音乐家,而且非常可靠。Theland,theessentialmeansofproduction,isthemostreliablelivingsecuritythatthepeasantscanrelyon.土地作为基本的生产资料,是农民可以依赖的最可靠的生活保障。【搭配归纳】areliablefriend可靠的朋友areliablewitness可靠的证人bereliableas作为……是可靠的relyonitthat...相信relyon/upon依靠;依赖【派】relyv.信任;信赖;依赖;依靠incident[ˈɪnsɪdənt]
n.事件,事变;小插曲;敌对行动;骚乱①小事件:Theyseemedtoenjoyitalthoughthereweresomestrangeincidents.他们看起来玩得很开心,虽然出了些怪事。Astrangeincidenthappenedyesterday.昨天发生一件怪事。anordinaryincident一件普通的小事②(小说、戏剧中的)插曲:Thatwasoneofthemostinterestingincidentsinthestory.那是这部小说中最有趣的一段。③事件;事变:theJuly7thincidentof1937一九三七年七七事变Strangeincidentshappenedsuccessively.奇怪的事件接连发生。∥theJuly7thIncidentof19371937年的七七事变(卢沟桥事变)trial[ˈtraɪəl]
v.测试n.审讯;试验;试用期;磨难;预赛;比赛搭(by)trialanderror反复试验;不断摸索:Theexperimentfinallysucceededafteralongperiodoftrialanderror.经过长时间的摸索,这个试验终于成功了。ontrial试用:Theyletmehavetheputerontrialforthirtydays.他们让我试用这台电脑三十天。slight[slaɪt]adj.轻微的;瘦小的;不足道的n.冷落v.轻视例Ihaven’ttheslightestideawhatshe’stalkingabout.我一点也不明白她在说什么。slightly[ˈslaɪtli]
adv.稍微;身材瘦小例Theroadbentslightlytotheright.公路微微向右弯。twin[twɪn]
n.孪生儿之一,双胞胎之一;两个相像的人或物之一vt.尤用于英国)使结成姊妹城市;使(两人或两事物)紧密结合;使偶合;使相连adj.成对的;成双的;双重的;双联的►n.双胞胎之一►adj.孪生的:HeisoneofthetwinsfromtheUSA.他是来自美国的那对双胞胎中的一个。nonverbal[nɒnˈvɜːb(ə)l]
adj.不用言辞表达的;不涉及言语的;非言语的60%ofallhumanmunicationisnonverbal.人们百分之六十的相互交流不是通过语言.assessment*[əˈsesmənt]
n.看法;评估;鉴定;评定;核定的付款额;估价例What’sMichael’sassessmentofthesituation?迈克尔对局势看法如何?assess[əˈses]
v.评估;估价;估算①对……进行估价,评价:Thevalueofthispropertywasassessedatonemilliondollars.这份财产的价值估价为一百万美元。Itistooearlytoassesstheeffectsofthenewlegislation.评价新法规的效果为时尚早。②征(税),处(罚款):Theyassessedataxof$300uponus.他们向我们征税300美元。例Myinewasassessedat20,000dollars.我的收入被评定为两万美元。 internal[ɪnˈtɜːnl]adj.内部的;体内的;国内的;内心的例:They'veknockeddownacoupleofinternalwalls.他们已拆掉了几面内墙。theinternalrelationsofthings事物的内部联系aninternalmedicine内服药internaltrade国内贸易straightenup直起来;整理;收拾整齐例Heremainedbentoverforseveralsecondsbeforeslowlystraighteningup.他弯腰几秒钟,然后慢慢直起身来。slump[slʌmp]
vi.大幅度下降,暴跌;沉重或突然地落下[倒下]n.(物价等的)暴跌;(个人、球队等的)低潮状态;(销售量、价格、价值等的)骤降;(精神等的)消沉,萎靡例Situpstraight.Don'tslump!坐直了,别垂头丧气的。pose[pəʊz]
n.故作姿态;(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势vi.摆好姿势vt.造成(威胁、问题等)例Herconfidencewasmerelyaposetohideheruncertainty.她的自信完全是装的,是为了掩饰她的犹豫。Weposedforphotographs.我们摆好姿势准备拍照。【高考真题】Adultsareportrayed(描绘)aloneinmanysettingsandposes—absorbedinavolume,deepinthoughtorlostinamomentofleisure.成年人在许多环境和姿势中被单独描绘沉浸在一卷中,深思熟虑或在闲暇时迷失。(2023全国新高考II卷阅读)bend[bend]vt.&vi.(bent,bent)v.弯腰;(使)弯曲;屈从;拐弯;篡改,歪曲n.拐弯处,弯道;弯曲;屈肢症►vt.使弯曲;专注,把(目光,精力等)集中于;使屈服►vi.弯曲;屈身:Andforthisreasononly,hebentdownandlookedthrough.只因为这个理由,他俯身往里看。Theriverbendstothesouth.这条河曲折向南流。Hecouldn'tbendhismindtohisstudies.他不能专心学习。Itisimpossibletoforceotherstobendtoyourwill.强迫别人顺从你的意志是不可能的。【教材原句】Bybowing,wemean“bendingourheadorbodyforwardasasignofrespectorshame”.鞠躬是指“将我们的头或身体向前弯曲,以示尊重或羞愧”。 搭benddown/overtodosth.弯腰去做某事bendone'smind/effortstosth某人专心致志于某事bendtoone’swill屈服于某人的意愿reveal[rɪˈviːl]
vt.揭示;显示;露出例Detailsofthemurderwererevealedbythelocalpaper.地方报纸披露了谋杀的细节。clarify[ˈklærəfaɪ]
vt.使更清晰易懂;阐明;澄清①澄清,阐明:Willyouclarifythatstatement?请你把那句话的意思讲清楚好吗?②净化:Itrequiresofusgreateffortstoclarifysewageincities.净化城市的污水需要我们很大的努力。③使清楚,使清醒例Anexamplewillhelptoclarifyyouropinion.举个例子将有助于澄清你的观点。inotherwords换句话说;也就是说例Inotherwords,therearenotmanypeoplelikeme.换句话说,世界上像我这样的人并不多见。educator[ˈedʒukeɪtə(r)]n.教师;教育工作者;教育家HeisafamousdecorationartistinChinaandanartsandcraftseducator.他是中国著名装饰艺术家、工艺美术教育家.tick[tɪk]vt.给(试卷、问题等)打钩号vi.(钟表)发出嘀嗒Tickyournameonthelist.从名单上画出你的名字来。【短语·搭配】tickoff用记号勾出;列举(项目)tickaway时间流逝Listencarefullyandtickthesentenceswhicharecorrect.认真听,并标记正确的句子。Heputatickbyhisownnameonthelist.他在名单上自己的名字旁打了一个钩号。tendency[ˈtendənsi]
n.倾向;趋势;偏好;极端势力【教材原句】Peoplehaveatendencytoleantowardswhatevertheyareinterestedin.人们通常会向他们感兴趣的东西倾斜身体。haveatendencytosth/todosth(=tendtodosth)倾向于做某事Thereisagrowingtendencyforsbtodosth.某人做某事的倾向日益增长。Thereisagrowingtendencyforpeopletoregardmoneymorehighlythanqualityoflife.人们越来越倾向于把金钱看得重于生活质量。tendvi.&vt. 倾向;易于;往往会;照料tendtodosth 倾向于做某事tend(to)sb/sth 照料/护理某人/某物【词语辨析】tendency,trend两者都含“倾向”“趋势”的意思。tendency指“向某一方向移动或在确定的趋向中行动”,如showatendencytoimprove显示改善的倾向。trend指“总的趋向或倾向”,如arecenttrendinliterature文学的最近倾向。【讲练通关】①Ashegetsolder,hehasatendency____________(forget)things.②Cattletend_______________(keep)inremoteplacesandtheirvaluehasrisen,makingthemappealingtargets.③Psychologistshaverecentlyfocusedonthe____________(tend)tothinkaboutsomethingotherthanthetaskoneisdoing.Key:toforgettobekepttendencylower[ˈləʊə(r),ˈlaʊə(r)]
adj.下方的;底部的;朝海岸的;向南的;较小的;较低级的v.降低;减少Thestoresareloweringtheirpricestodrawcustomers.那些商店正降价吸引顾客。|thelowerlip下唇【高考真题】MeetonthelowerplatformatArtistPointontheSouthRimDriveforthisshorttalk.在南缘大道艺术家点的较低平台上见面,进行这个简短的演讲。(2023新高考II卷阅读)imply[ɪmˈplaɪ]
vt.意味着;暗示①意味着;有……含义:接从句:Theteacher'ssmileimpliedthatshehadforgivenme.老师的微笑意味着她已原谅我。接名词或代词:Silenceoftenimpliesconsent.沉默往往意味着同意。②表明;说明:Afeverimpliesanillness.发烧说明有病。Theteacher’ssmileimpliedthatshehadforgivenme.老师的微笑表明她已经原谅了我。barely[ˈbeəli]
adv.勉强;几乎不;刚刚…(就)例Theireyesbarelymove,andtheyalwayshavethesame(教材原句)distantexpressionontheirfaces.他们的眼睛几乎不动,脸上总是带着同样茫然的表情。occupy[ˈɒkjupaɪ]
v.居住;占用;占领;担任;使忙碌;占…【教材原句】Withtheirchinsontheirhands,theyoccupythemselvesbystaringoutofthewindoworupattheceiling.他们双手托着下巴,盯着窗外或天花板。【语境辨意】Theseatisoccupied.这位子被人占了。Sheisoccupiedwithneedlework.她忙着做针线活。Sheisoccupiedinknitting.她忙于编织。Ihavebeenoccupiedinreadinghistorybooks.他一直专心念历史。Hisfamilyphotosoccupiedalmostthewholewalllastyear.Workwilloccupyyourmindandhelpyouforgetaboutsomethingsad.Iamoccupiedinwriting/withareport.【搭配归纳】occupyoneselfindoingsth.[withsth.]beoccupiedindoingsth.[with]sth.专心于……,忙于……【派】occupationn.占领;职业;消遣occupiedadj.忙碌的;被占的;有人用的;被占领的【讲练通关】①WhenIhurriedbackintothereadingroom,Ifoundmyseat____________(occupy)byanewer.②Itwasaverysmallroom,withabigbed______________(occupy)mostofthespace.③HereturnedfromParisandfoundhisofficewasundersomeoneelse's_______________(occupy).④Althoughthewriter______________________________________________________________,hestillsetsasidesometimeforamusement.尽管这位作家一直忙于写作,但他还是留出了一些时间来消遣。⑤Theprofessor_________________________hisofficeworkthathehaslittletimeforthehousework.→_____________________________________________________________thathehaslittletimeforthehousework.(用倒装句)教授忙于办公室工作,很少有时间做家务。Key:occupiedoccupyingoccupationhasbeenoccupiedinwriting/hasoccupiedhimselfinwritingissooccupiedwithSooccupiedwithhisofficeworkistheprofessorstare[steə(r)]
vi.盯着看;凝视n.凝视stareat注视,盯着glanceat… 匆匆一瞥,扫视……gazeat… 凝视……glareat… 怒目而视……【语境辨意】Th
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