Unit4Bodylanguage单词讲练复习学案高中英语人教版选择性

重点词汇精讲精练【详细版】根据实际需要进行二次编辑删减陆续更新后续教材和单元，欢迎关注收藏第一部分：讲interaction[ˌɪntərˈækʃən]n.交流；相互影响【教材原句】Weusebothwordsandbodylanguagetoexpressourthoughtsandopinionsinourinteractionswithotherpeople.在与他人的互动中,我们用语言和肢体语言来表达我们的思想和观点。【派】interactvi.互动；交流；相互作用interactiveadj.交互式的;人机对话的【搭配归纳】interactwith… 与……交流/沟通aninteractivegame/video 交互式游戏/视频【讲练通关】①Tobeagoodteacher,youhavetointeractwell_______allsortsofstudents.②Therearefourfantasticgalleriestovisitfromfineartto______________(interact)fun,sothere'ssomethingforeveryone!③Asyouknowtheevolutionofanyspeciesislargelyinfluencedbyits_______________(interact)withotherspecies.④Observingand______________________________willhelpyougetoveryourproblems.观察动物并且和它们互动会帮助你克服你的问题。KEY:withinteractiveinteractionsinteractingwithanimalsvary[ˈveəri]

vi.(根据情况）变化；改变【教材原句】Justlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.就像口头语言一样，肢体语言也因文化而异。【语境辨意】theinteractionbetweenteacherandstudent师生之间的交流Hermoodvarieswiththeweather.她的情绪随着天气变化。Thetemperaturevariesfromtimetotime.温度常常变化。Theswordhardlyvariedinformfromthe12thtothe15thcentury.剑的样式从12世纪到15世纪几乎没有什么改变。Americaisregardedasameltingpotwhereexistsavarietyofethnicandculturalgroupswithvariouscustomers.Sometimespeople'scustomerscanvarywithtime.Astheworld'sfirstnationalpark,Yellowstoneisfamousforthevarietyofitswildlife,butitisprobablybestknownforitsbears.作为世界上第一个国家公园,黄石国家公园以其野生生物的多样化而闻名,但其中最广为人知的可能还是那里的熊。【派】varietyn.变化；种类；多样性variousadj.各种各样的variedadj.各种各样的;多变的【搭配归纳】varyinsth.在某方面不同(varyinsize/colour 大小/颜色不一样)varywithsth.随……而变化varyfromAtoB/betweenAandB从A到B不等／在A到B之间变化avarietyof＝varietiesof许多的；各种各样的【讲练通关】【一句多译】由于各种原因，我不愿见他。_____________________________________________________.①Withits_____________(vary)climate,thecountryattractsbothwinterandsummersportsenthusiasts.②__________(vary)ofthesecropshavebeencollectedfromallaroundthedistrict.③Everysolidobjectwillreflectasound,_________(vary)accordingtothesizeandnatureoftheobject.④Ourschoolprovidesuswithadiverserangeofselectivecourses,_________________________________.学校给我们提供了各种选修课程,从艺术到音乐都有。⑤TheInternetisveryflexible,andhasprovideddifferenttypesofchoicesforonlinecourses.→TheInternetisveryflexible,andhasprovided_________________________/________________________foronlinecourses.(同义句改写)KEY:Forvariousreasons,I'dprefernottomeethim.＝Foravarietyofreasons,I'dprefernottomeethim.＝Forvarietiesofreasons,I'dprefernottomeethim.varied/variousVarietiesvaryingvaryingfromarttomusicavarietyofchoices/varietiesofchoicesapprove[əˈpruːv]

vi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过【教材原句】Inothercountries,bycontrast,eyecontactisnotalwaysapprovedof.相比之下，在其他国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可。【派】approvaln.赞成；同意；认可approvedadj. 得到正式批准(或认可)的disapprovev.不同意;不批准disapprovalvi.不赞同vt.不批准【温馨提示】常见的动词加al变为名词形式的有:survive→survival;arrive→arrival;refuse→refusal【搭配归纳】approveof赞成；同意approveofsb./sb.'s(doing)sth.同意某人(做)某事win/earnone'sapproval取得某人的同意/赞成giveone'sapproval 同意with/withoutapprovalof经/未经……的批准同意短语：agreewithsb.about/onsth.beinfavorof；beforsth.反义短语：disagreewithsb.about/onsomething；objecttodoingsth.；beagainststh.disapproveofsth.【语境辨意】Thoughherfatherneverapprovedofhergoingtodramaschool,shebecameawellknownactress.虽然她父亲从不赞成她上戏剧学校,但她却成了著名的女演员。Theminutesofthelastmeetingwereapproved.上次会议记录已获得通过。Theministerapprovedthebuildingplan.部长批准了该建筑计划。Herfatherwillneverapproveofhermarriagetoyou.他父亲永远不会同意她和你结婚。Idon'tneedapprovalallthetime.Ifsomeonedoesnotapproveofme,Iwillstillbeokay.我不总是需要别人的认同，如果有人不认同我，我还是会觉得没事。Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldapprovemyapplicationandinformmeoftheinterview.【讲练通关】①Iapproveofyou________(try)toenrichyoursocialskills,butpleasedon'tneglectyourstudies.②[江苏卷]Manypeoplenowmeasuretheirstatusbyhowmuchpublic________(approve)theygetonline,oftenthrough“likes”.③HesaidtheplanannouncedonSunday，if________，wouldavoidsuchaproblem.④Theagreement___________(approve)beforethemeetingcametoanend.⑤Thereislittledoubtthatthemitteewillgivewholehearted____________(approve)totheproject,soyoucanmakepreparationsforitnow.⑥LijiangAncientTown,alsoknownasDayanTownship,isoneofthesecondbatchofthe_____________(approve)historicalandculturalfamouscities.⑦Wearepleasedtotellyouthattheprojectproposal________________________byourauthority.我们很高兴地告诉你们,有关部门已经批准了项目计划书。⑧Hetoldhisplantohisfriends,and__________________________________________________________.→Hetoldhisplantohisfriends,___________________________________________________________.(用定语从句)他把自己的计划告诉了朋友们,其中多数人赞同他实施那个计划。KEY:Tryingapprovalapprovedwasapprovedapprovalapprovedhasbeenapprovedmostofthemapprovedofhimcarryingitoutmostofwhomapprovedofhimcarryingitoutdemonstrate[ˈdemənstreɪt]

vl.表现；表达；说明；证明（tt.示范；演示）demonstratehowtheputerworks示范计算机的运行方式Youneedtodemonstratemoreselfcontrol.你应该表现出更强的自制力。Researchershavedemonstratedhoweffectivethefitforlifemodelofgymclasscanbe.研究者已经证明这种生活化的体育课是多么有效。（上海）搭：demonstrateagainstsb/sth示威反对某人/某物【高考真题】Booksthemselvesmaybeusedsymbolicallyinpaintingstodemonstratetheintellect(才智),wealthorfaithofthesubject.书籍本身可以象征性地用于绘画，以展示主题的才智、财富或信仰。（2023全国新高考II卷阅读）gesture[ˈdʒestʃə(r)]

n.手势；姿势；姿态►n.①[C，U]姿势；手势：Heraisedhishandsinagestureofdespair.他举起双手表示绝望。②[C]姿态，表示：Weholdapartyforournewcolleaguesasagestureoffriendship.我们为新同事举办了一个聚会，以示友善。Handshakeisagestureoffriendship.握手是一种友好的表示。►v.做手势；用手势(或动作)表示：ShewasgesturingsoexcitedlythatIknewsomethingwaswrong.她如此激动地打着手势，我就知道出了问题。Igesturedthechildover.我朝那孩子打手势叫他过来。例:Hedidnotspeak,butwithagesturetoldmetofollowhim.他没有讲话，只用手势示意我跟他走。【高考真题】Itwasaverynicegestureforhimtomake.对他来说，这是一个非常好的姿势。（2023全国甲卷完型）witness[ˈwɪtnəs]

vt.当场看到；目击；见证n.目击者；证人【教材原句】InJapan,someonewhowitnessesanotherpersonemployingthegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.在日本,看到另一个人用这个手势的人可能会认为这是钱的意思。【高考真题】（2022全国甲卷阅读）Fromseeingthewildlifetowitnessingsunrises,thewholeexperiencewasamazing.从观赏野生动物到观赏日出，整个经历都令人惊叹。【搭配归纳】(1)witnesssth.目击了某事witnessto(doing)sth.证实，证明(做)某事witnessfor为……作证(2)beawitnesstosth.是某事的证据/证人bear/givewitnessto做……的证人；为……作证【语境辨意】Awitnesswasexaminedbyhiminacourtoflaw.他在法庭上质问一个证人。Hegavewitnessonbehalfofanaccusedperson.他为被告作证。Manypeoplewitnessedtheaccident.很多人看到了那场意外事故。Severalresidentsclaimedtohavewitnessedtheattack.几位居民称目击了这个袭击事件。aneyewitnesstotherobber抢劫案的一名目击者Thedriverwitnessedtohavingseenthemanenterthebuilding.司机作证说，他看到此人进入那栋大楼。Thesefactsareawitnesstohiscarelessness．这些事实证明了他的粗心。Thewitnesswhowitnessedtheincidentgavewitnesstothepoliceandpromisedtobeawitness．这个目击了这起事故的目击者向警察提交了证据并且答应做证人。witness作动词时,常用拟人化的方式陈述事实,用事物名词直接作主语,表述既简洁又形象。用法类似的动词还有see,find等Thepasttenyearshaswitnessedapletetransformationofmyhometown.TheancientandbeautifulSilkRoadisawitnesstotheSinoEuropeanexchangesoverthousandsofyears.古老而美丽的“丝绸之路”见证了中欧数千年来的交往。【讲练通关】①Thewitnesswho________theincidentgavewitness________thepoliceandpromisedtobe________witness.(witness)②Witheconomydevelopingatgreatspeed，ourcity________(witness)quiteafewchangesinrecentyears.③Thereexistedanobviousconflictbetweentheaccountsofthe________(witness)，soajudgmentwasnotannouncedincourt.④Hisgoodhealthisawitness____thesuccessofthetreatment.⑤ThankstotheInternet,we____________________(witness)themostimportantchangeinourlifestylesinthepast100years.⑥Fromseeingthewildlifeto______________(witness)sunrises,thewholeexperiencewasamazing.⑦Thepoliceareaskingpeople________________________________toeforwardwithinformationaboutthegunmen.警方正在号召这次袭击事件的目击者提供有关持枪歹徒的信息。⑧Onlinenewsmediahavedevelopedrapidlyinthepastdecades.→__________________________________________therapiddevelopmentofonlinenewsmedia.(用witness改写)KEY:witnessedtoahaswitnessedwitnessestohavewitnessedwitnessingwhowitnessedtheattackThepastdecadeshavewitnessedemploy[ɪmˈplɔɪ]

vt.使用；应用；雇用n.[U]雇用，使用【教材原句】InJapan,someonewhowitnessesanotherpersonemployingthegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.在日本，看到别人做这个手势的人可能会认为这是钱的意思。【语境辨意】Themillemploysathousandworkers.这家工厂雇用了1000名工人。Howdoyouemployyoursparetime？你是怎样利用你的空余时间的？Shewasemployedinmakingalistofallthejobstobedone.她忙着把要做的所有工作列一个清单。Thechildrenemployedthemselvesinpainting.孩子们忙于画画儿。IfIamluckyenoughtobeemployed,I'llsparenoefforttorepayyouforyourtrust.如果我有幸被录用,我将不遗余力地回报您的信任。Sheisemployedsecretary.她被聘为秘书。Shewasemployedinmakingalistofallthejobstobedone.她忙着把要做的所有工作列一个清单。Shehasbeenemployingherselfinmakingpreparationsforthemeetingallthemorning.整个上午她一直忙于会议的准备工作。【搭配归纳】employsb.as...雇用某人为······:employsb.todosth.雇用某人做某事（做）某事employoneselfin 使忙于,使从事于beemployedindoingsth 从事于,忙于(做某事)【同义结构】表示“忙碌”的其他表达：bebusydoingsth；beoccupiedwithsth/indoingsth；beengagedindoing；beburiedin；beimmersedin;belostin;【词语辨析】employ，hireemploy长时间地雇用;hire临时或一次性地“雇用”。【派】employeen.受雇者，雇工，雇员employern.雇用者，雇主employmentn.工作，职业；雇用，使用，就业人数unemployedadj. 失业的outofemployment 失业【讲练通关】【高考真题】Carsonprovesthatasimpleliteraryformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill______(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.卡森(Carson)证明，一种古老的简单文学形式今天仍然可以______(使用)来引起人们对重要真理的关注。（2023全国甲卷语法填空）KEY:beemployed①Therehasbeenarisein___________________(employment)thisyear,whichworriesthegovernmentverymuch.②OnMarch13,whileonduty,CharlesMcLaughlin,averycarelessdriver_____________(employ)bythepanyLummiswasinvolvedinanotheraccident.③Severalprofessionalshavebeenemployed__________(deal)withtheissueofenvironmentalpollution.④___________________________________________________________doesn'tnecessarilymeanthatyouhavenobrightfuture.不被知名的公司录用并不一定意味着你没有美好的未来。⑤Mobiletechnology_____________________________________variousworkplacesinrecentdecades,makingolddesktopputersoutofdate.最近几十年里，移动技术被广泛地用在各种工作场所，使得老式台式机过时了。KEY:unemploymentemployedtodealNotbeingemployedbyawellknownpanyhasbeenwidelyemployedininterpret[ɪnˈtɜːprət]

v.诠释；领会，把…理解为；口译；演绎①解释；阐述：HowcanIinterpretthisbehavior？我怎么解释这种行为呢？②(口头)翻译：HequicklyinterpretedtomewhattheRussianwassaying.他即刻把俄罗斯人说的话翻译给我听。I'mnotquitesurehowtointerpretthisquestion.对于怎样解释这个问题我没有十分的把握Willyoupleaseinterpretitforme?请你帮我翻译一下好吗?【高考真题】Ifwewanttoreconstructwhatwasactuallygoingonthatday,theshieldmustbequestionedandinterpretedasdeeplyandstrictlyasthewrittenreports.如果我们想重建那天实际发生的事情，盾牌必须像书面报告一样受到深刻和严格的质疑和解释。（2023全国乙卷阅读）differ[ˈdɪfə(r)]

v.有区别；有分歧【教材原句】Eventhegesturesweusefor“yes”and“no”differaroundtheworld.甚至我们使用的“是”和“不是”的手势在世界各地也是不同的。【派】differentadj.不同的differencen.不同，差别【搭配归纳】differfrom...与……不同/有区别differin(size,colour,age…)在……方面不同differwithsb.on/about/oversth.与某人在某事上持不同(看法)bedifferentfrom...与……不同makeadifference(to...)(对……)有作用或影响【语境辨意】Asweallknow,AmericanEnglishandBritishEnglishdifferinsomesmallways.众所周知,美式英语和英式英语在一些细节上有差别。Learnerswithdifferentculturalbackgroundsdifferalotintheirthinkingpatternsandlearningstyles.Thedifferencecanbeinvestigatedandexplained.不同文化背景的学习者在思维模式和学习风格上有很大的不同。这种差异可以被研究和解释。JapanesediffersgreatlyfromFrenchinpronunciation.日语发音和法语大不相同。Conditionsofemploymentdifferaccordingtothetypeofpanyyouareworkingfor.雇佣条件因供职公司的不同而有差异。【讲练通关】①Theentirevillagewasdestroyed.Itnowlooksentirelydifferent________thepreviousone.②Hedidnotregretgivingthementbutfeltthathecouldhaveexpressedit________(different)．③Ibelieveitisagoodchancetohavesomeacquaintancewiththecultural________(difference)betweenourtwocountries.④Thetwoleadersdifferedfromeachother__________severalissues.⑤Intheclass，ourteacherofteninstructsustoimproveourreadingabilityandhisinstructionmakes________differenceinourEnglishlearning.KEY:fromdifferentlydifferenceson/about/overa①Chineseeatinganddrinkinghabitsdiffergreatly_______thoseintheWest.②Leavesarefoundonallkindsoftrees,buttheydiffergreatly____sizeandshape.③Whatyouhavetoldmemaymakeadifference____myownposition.④____________(differ)fromcars,cyclingisameansofenvironmentallyfriendlytransportation.⑤_______________________________________mayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.国与国之间的时尚不同，这或许会从一方面反映出文化的差异。⑥ItisobviousthattablemannersinChina______________________________________ofWesterners.(different)→ItisobviousthattablemannersinChina_____________________________ofWesterners.(differ)很明显，中国的餐桌礼仪与西方人的截然不同。KEY:fromintodifferingThatfashiondiffersfromcountrytocountryarequitedifferentfromthosedifferquitefromthosebyparison/contrast相比之下，相比较【教材原句】Byparison,inBulgariaandsouthernAlbania,thegestureshavetheoppositemeaning.相比之下,在保加利亚和阿尔巴尼亚南部，这些手势的含义却正好相反。【派】parev.比较parativeadj.比较而言的【搭配归纳】byparison(withsth.)相比之下，(与……)比较起来inparisonwithsth.与……相比，相比之下makeaparison做比较pare...withsth...把……和……相比pare...tosth...把……比喻成……【讲练通关】①Aftermonthsoflivinginatropicalclimate,Spainseemedcoolin/by________(pare)．②[天津卷]________(pare)with/________parisonwithadults,childrenaremoreeagertoexploretheworldaroundthem.③Myfavoriteseasonisautumnbecausetheweatherismoreagreeable________parisonwithsummer.①Manyparentslikeparingtheirownchildren____________theirfriends'children.②Thesecondhalfofthegamewasdull____parisonwiththefirst.③Haveyoueverconsideredhowweakhumansare_____________(pare)toavolcano,hurricaneorearthquake?④_________________________andyouwillfindthatthesameshirtinthisclothingstorecoststwiceasmuchasinthatshoppingmall．比较一下你就会发现，同样的衬衫在这家服装店比那家购物中心的贵两倍。⑤Myfavouriteseasonisautumnbecausetheweatherismoreagreeable_______________________summer.(pare)→Myfavouriteseasonisautumnbecausetheweatherismoreagreeable_________________________summer.(parison)我最喜欢的季节是秋天，因为与夏天相比，秋天的气候更加宜人。KEY:parisonparedinby/inwith/andinparedMakeaparisonparedwith/tobyparisonwithfavour[ˈfeɪvə(r)]

n.赞同，支持；帮助；偏袒v.更喜爱；偏袒；有利于；长得像【教材原句】Elsewhere,peoplefavourshakinghands,bowingfromthewaist,ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.在其他地方,人们见面时喜欢握手、弯腰鞠躬或点头。【语境辨意】Amothermustnotshowfavortoonechildmorethananother.做母亲的不应偏爱某一个孩子。Amothershouldn'tshowtoomuchfavourtooneofherchildren.母亲不应该对一个孩子表现出过多的宠爱。Imustdeclinetoshowfavourtoanyofthecandidates.我必须拒绝偏袒任何一位候选人。CanIaskyouafavor？请您帮个忙好吗？Ihaveafavortoask.我想请你帮个忙。Fortunefavorsthebold/brave.天佑勇者。Wefavoryourproposal.我们赞成你的建议。Chancesalwaysfavourthosewhomakeadequatepreparations.我想请你帮忙，你能把你的借给我吗？Iwanttoaskafavourofyou;willyoulendmeyourcellphone?＝Iwanttoaskyouforafavour；willyoulendmeyourcellphone?【搭配归纳】winsb.'sfavor赢得某人的好感(或欢心)dosbafavor/doafavorforsb.帮某人一个忙showfavourtosb.偏袒某人asksb.afavour=askafavourofsb.请某人帮忙infavourof...赞成;支持insb.'sfavour对某人有利owesb.afavour欠某人人情returnthefavour归还人情;报答某人【派】favourableadj. 给人好印象的;赞同的;有利的favorablyadv. 顺利地;有利地;赞成地favouriteadj. 最喜欢的;特别喜爱的favouredadj. 受青睐的;得到偏爱的;称心的,合意的【讲练通关】①Iam________(支持)yoursuggestionthatweshouldspendmoretimeonthissubject.②Couldyou________________(帮我个忙)andpickupSamfromschooltoday?③MayI________________(请你帮个忙)topickupSamfromschooltoday?④Thesituationis________________(对你有利),aseveryonecansee.KEY:infavorofdomeafavor/doafavourformeaskyouafavorinyourfavor①Thiscandidatehasalot____herfavour,especiallyherexperienceofteaching.②Wewouldview______________(favour)anysensiblesuggestionformaintainingthebusiness.③Becauseofreliablequalityandreasonableprice,ourproductshavebeenhighly____________(favour)bythemajorityofcustomers.④Couldyou_____________________andpickupSamfromschooltoday?今天你能帮我个忙去学校接萨姆吗?⑤Personallyspeaking,I_________________________________putforwardatthemeeting.(favourvt.)→Personallyspeaking,I________________________________putforwardatthemeeting.(favourn.)就我个人而言，我完全赞成会议上提出的建议。KEY:infavorablyfavoureddomeafavourtotallyfavouredtheproposalwastotallyinfavouroftheproposalbow[baʊ]

n.鞠躬；船头v.鞠躬；低头；屈服于；使沮丧►vt.&vi.鞠躬；点头/鞠躬表示……，(使)屈服►n.[C]鞠躬；点头；屈从：Hebowedhisthanks.他鞠躬致谢。Withabowheledtheway.他鞠躬后领路前行。例Hebowedlowbeforethekingtoshowhisrespect.他向国王深深鞠躬以表敬意。waist[weɪst]

n.腰;腰部Shewasparalysedfromthewaistdown(=intheareabelowherwaist).她从腰部以下都瘫痪了。Herwaistmeasures20inchesaround.她的腰围为20英寸。makeinferences推理;推断例Ahumancansometimesmakeinferencesbasedonpreviousknowledge.人们有时可以根据以往的了解进行推断。breakdown[breɪkdaʊn]

消除;分解;打破(出故障;失败;被搞垮)【教材原句】Asmilecanbreakdownbarriers.微笑可以消除隔阂。【语境辨意】Policehadtobreakdownthedoortogetintotheflat.警方只得把门撞开进入公寓里面。Ourcarbrokedownandwehadtodrawittoagarage.我们的车坏了，不得不把它拖到修车厂去。Bythenthegatewasbeingbrokendown.那时候大门快要被砸开了。Gettingtheteenagerstogetherwillhelptobreakdownthebarriersbetweenthem.【搭配归纳】breakawayfrom脱离；摆脱；挣脱；打破陈规breakin闯入；强行进入breakinto 强行闯入;突然开始(笑、唱等)breakout突然发生；爆发(不用于被动语态)breakup打碎；分裂；解体；解散breakthrough突破,突围breakoff中断【讲练通过】①Ittakesalongtimetobreakdownprejudice.________②Newsreportssaypeacetalksbetweenthetwocountrieshavebrokendownwithnoagreementreached.________③Withtheincreasingburdenofhiswork,hefinallybrokedownandhadtotakeapleterest.________④Whatisknowntousallisthatthebacteriathatliveinthesoilhelptobreakdownourwastes.________⑤Ourcarbrokedownandwehadtopushitofftheroad._________⑥Whenwegaveherthebadnews,shebrokedownandcried._______________________⑦Ittakeshundredsofyearsforplastictobreakdown,butmuchlesstimeforpaper._______KEY:打破失败/终止身体垮了分解出故障感情失控痛哭起来分解barrier[ˈbæriə(r)]

n.屏障；障碍；界限；壁垒；隔阂；阻碍；关口；栅栏；挡板例Poorhealthmaybeabarriertosuccess.健康欠佳可能成为取得成功的障碍。fake[feɪk]adj.假的；伪造的v.伪造；假装n.假货；冒充者 例Whenwasthelasttimeyouflashedafakesmileattheoffice? 你在办公室最近一次的假笑是什么时候呢? anger[ˈæŋɡə(r)]

n.愤怒，怒气v.激怒，使生气 例Somepeopleexpresstheirangerthroughviolence.一些人通过暴力表达他们的愤怒。Hisrudenessangeredher.他的粗鲁激怒了她。reliable[rɪˈlaɪəbl]

adj.可信赖的；可靠的【教材原句】Whichisamorereliableguideforunderstandingsomeone'sfeelings,theirbodylanguageorthewordstheyspeak?哪一个是了解人们情感的可靠指示:他们的肢体语言还是他们说的话?【语境辨意】Ithasahighlyreliablecontrolsystem.它具备一套极可靠的控制系统。He'sagoodmusicianandtotallyreliable．他是个出色的音乐家，而且非常可靠。Theland,theessentialmeansofproduction,isthemostreliablelivingsecuritythatthepeasantscanrelyon．土地作为基本的生产资料，是农民可以依赖的最可靠的生活保障。【搭配归纳】areliablefriend可靠的朋友areliablewitness可靠的证人bereliableas作为……是可靠的relyonitthat...相信relyon/upon依靠；依赖【派】relyv.信任；信赖；依赖；依靠incident[ˈɪnsɪdənt]

n.事件，事变；小插曲；敌对行动；骚乱①小事件：Theyseemedtoenjoyitalthoughthereweresomestrangeincidents.他们看起来玩得很开心，虽然出了些怪事。Astrangeincidenthappenedyesterday.昨天发生一件怪事。anordinaryincident一件普通的小事②(小说、戏剧中的)插曲：Thatwasoneofthemostinterestingincidentsinthestory.那是这部小说中最有趣的一段。③事件；事变：theJuly7thincidentof1937一九三七年七七事变Strangeincidentshappenedsuccessively.奇怪的事件接连发生。∥theJuly7thIncidentof19371937年的七七事变(卢沟桥事变)trial[ˈtraɪəl]

v.测试n.审讯；试验；试用期；磨难；预赛；比赛搭(by)trialanderror反复试验;不断摸索:Theexperimentfinallysucceededafteralongperiodoftrialanderror.经过长时间的摸索,这个试验终于成功了。ontrial试用:Theyletmehavetheputerontrialforthirtydays.他们让我试用这台电脑三十天。slight[slaɪt]adj.轻微的；瘦小的；不足道的n.冷落v.轻视例Ihaven’ttheslightestideawhatshe’stalkingabout.我一点也不明白她在说什么。slightly[ˈslaɪtli]

adv.稍微；身材瘦小例Theroadbentslightlytotheright.公路微微向右弯。twin[twɪn]

n.孪生儿之一，双胞胎之一；两个相像的人或物之一vt.尤用于英国)使结成姊妹城市；使（两人或两事物）紧密结合；使偶合；使相连adj.成对的；成双的；双重的；双联的►n.双胞胎之一►adj.孪生的：HeisoneofthetwinsfromtheUSA.他是来自美国的那对双胞胎中的一个。nonverbal[nɒnˈvɜːb(ə)l]

adj.不用言辞表达的；不涉及言语的;非言语的60%ofallhumanmunicationisnonverbal.人们百分之六十的相互交流不是通过语言.assessment*[əˈsesmənt]

n.看法；评估；鉴定；评定；核定的付款额；估价例What’sMichael’sassessmentofthesituation?迈克尔对局势看法如何?assess[əˈses]

v.评估；估价；估算①对……进行估价，评价：Thevalueofthispropertywasassessedatonemilliondollars.这份财产的价值估价为一百万美元。Itistooearlytoassesstheeffectsofthenewlegislation.评价新法规的效果为时尚早。②征(税)，处(罚款)：Theyassessedataxof$300uponus.他们向我们征税300美元。例Myinewasassessedat20,000dollars.我的收入被评定为两万美元。 internal[ɪnˈtɜːnl]adj.内部的；体内的；国内的；内心的例：They'veknockeddownacoupleofinternalwalls.他们已拆掉了几面内墙。theinternalrelationsofthings事物的内部联系aninternalmedicine内服药internaltrade国内贸易straightenup直起来;整理;收拾整齐例Heremainedbentoverforseveralsecondsbeforeslowlystraighteningup.他弯腰几秒钟,然后慢慢直起身来。slump[slʌmp]

vi.大幅度下降，暴跌；沉重或突然地落下[倒下]n.（物价等的）暴跌；（个人、球队等的）低潮状态；（销售量、价格、价值等的）骤降；（精神等的）消沉，萎靡例Situpstraight.Don'tslump!坐直了，别垂头丧气的。pose[pəʊz]

n.故作姿态;(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势vi.摆好姿势vt.造成(威胁、问题等)例Herconfidencewasmerelyaposetohideheruncertainty.她的自信完全是装的,是为了掩饰她的犹豫。Weposedforphotographs.我们摆好姿势准备拍照。【高考真题】Adultsareportrayed(描绘)aloneinmanysettingsandposes—absorbedinavolume,deepinthoughtorlostinamomentofleisure.成年人在许多环境和姿势中被单独描绘沉浸在一卷中，深思熟虑或在闲暇时迷失。(2023全国新高考II卷阅读)bend[bend]vt.&vi.(bent,bent)v.弯腰；（使）弯曲；屈从；拐弯；篡改，歪曲n.拐弯处，弯道；弯曲；屈肢症►vt.使弯曲；专注，把(目光，精力等)集中于；使屈服►vi.弯曲；屈身：Andforthisreasononly，hebentdownandlookedthrough.只因为这个理由，他俯身往里看。Theriverbendstothesouth.这条河曲折向南流。Hecouldn'tbendhismindtohisstudies.他不能专心学习。Itisimpossibletoforceotherstobendtoyourwill.强迫别人顺从你的意志是不可能的。【教材原句】Bybowing,wemean“bendingourheadorbodyforwardasasignofrespectorshame”.鞠躬是指“将我们的头或身体向前弯曲,以示尊重或羞愧”。 搭benddown/overtodosth.弯腰去做某事bendone'smind/effortstosth某人专心致志于某事bendtoone’swill屈服于某人的意愿reveal[rɪˈviːl]

vt.揭示;显示;露出例Detailsofthemurderwererevealedbythelocalpaper.地方报纸披露了谋杀的细节。clarify[ˈklærəfaɪ]

vt.使更清晰易懂;阐明;澄清①澄清，阐明：Willyouclarifythatstatement？请你把那句话的意思讲清楚好吗？②净化：Itrequiresofusgreateffortstoclarifysewageincities.净化城市的污水需要我们很大的努力。③使清楚，使清醒例Anexamplewillhelptoclarifyyouropinion.举个例子将有助于澄清你的观点。inotherwords换句话说;也就是说例Inotherwords,therearenotmanypeoplelikeme.换句话说,世界上像我这样的人并不多见。educator[ˈedʒukeɪtə(r)]n.教师;教育工作者;教育家HeisafamousdecorationartistinChinaandanartsandcraftseducator.他是中国著名装饰艺术家、工艺美术教育家.tick[tɪk]vt.给(试卷、问题等)打钩号vi.(钟表)发出嘀嗒Tickyournameonthelist.从名单上画出你的名字来。【短语·搭配】tickoff用记号勾出；列举(项目)tickaway时间流逝Listencarefullyandtickthesentenceswhicharecorrect.认真听,并标记正确的句子。Heputatickbyhisownnameonthelist.他在名单上自己的名字旁打了一个钩号。tendency[ˈtendənsi]

n.倾向；趋势；偏好；极端势力【教材原句】Peoplehaveatendencytoleantowardswhatevertheyareinterestedin.人们通常会向他们感兴趣的东西倾斜身体。haveatendencytosth/todosth(=tendtodosth)倾向于做某事Thereisagrowingtendencyforsbtodosth.某人做某事的倾向日益增长。Thereisagrowingtendencyforpeopletoregardmoneymorehighlythanqualityoflife.人们越来越倾向于把金钱看得重于生活质量。tendvi.&vt. 倾向;易于;往往会；照料tendtodosth 倾向于做某事tend(to)sb/sth 照料/护理某人/某物【词语辨析】tendency，trend两者都含“倾向”“趋势”的意思。tendency指“向某一方向移动或在确定的趋向中行动”，如showatendencytoimprove显示改善的倾向。trend指“总的趋向或倾向”，如arecenttrendinliterature文学的最近倾向。【讲练通关】①Ashegetsolder,hehasatendency____________(forget)things.②Cattletend_______________(keep)inremoteplacesandtheirvaluehasrisen,makingthemappealingtargets.③Psychologistshaverecentlyfocusedonthe____________(tend)tothinkaboutsomethingotherthanthetaskoneisdoing.Key：toforgettobekepttendencylower[ˈləʊə(r),ˈlaʊə(r)]

adj.下方的；底部的；朝海岸的；向南的；较小的；较低级的v.降低；减少Thestoresareloweringtheirpricestodrawcustomers.那些商店正降价吸引顾客。|thelowerlip下唇【高考真题】MeetonthelowerplatformatArtistPointontheSouthRimDriveforthisshorttalk.在南缘大道艺术家点的较低平台上见面，进行这个简短的演讲。(2023新高考II卷阅读)imply[ɪmˈplaɪ]

vt.意味着;暗示①意味着；有……含义：接从句：Theteacher'ssmileimpliedthatshehadforgivenme.老师的微笑意味着她已原谅我。接名词或代词：Silenceoftenimpliesconsent.沉默往往意味着同意。②表明；说明：Afeverimpliesanillness.发烧说明有病。Theteacher’ssmileimpliedthatshehadforgivenme.老师的微笑表明她已经原谅了我。barely[ˈbeəli]

adv.勉强；几乎不；刚刚…（就）例Theireyesbarelymove,andtheyalwayshavethesame(教材原句)distantexpressionontheirfaces.他们的眼睛几乎不动，脸上总是带着同样茫然的表情。occupy[ˈɒkjupaɪ]

v.居住；占用；占领；担任；使忙碌；占…【教材原句】Withtheirchinsontheirhands,theyoccupythemselvesbystaringoutofthewindoworupattheceiling.他们双手托着下巴,盯着窗外或天花板。【语境辨意】Theseatisoccupied.这位子被人占了。Sheisoccupiedwithneedlework.她忙着做针线活。Sheisoccupiedinknitting.她忙于编织。Ihavebeenoccupiedinreadinghistorybooks.他一直专心念历史。Hisfamilyphotosoccupiedalmostthewholewalllastyear.Workwilloccupyyourmindandhelpyouforgetaboutsomethingsad.Iamoccupiedinwriting/withareport.【搭配归纳】occupyoneselfindoingsth.[withsth.]beoccupiedindoingsth.[with]sth.专心于……，忙于……【派】occupationn.占领;职业;消遣occupiedadj.忙碌的;被占的;有人用的;被占领的【讲练通关】①WhenIhurriedbackintothereadingroom,Ifoundmyseat____________(occupy)byanewer.②Itwasaverysmallroom,withabigbed______________(occupy)mostofthespace.③HereturnedfromParisandfoundhisofficewasundersomeoneelse's_______________(occupy).④Althoughthewriter______________________________________________________________,hestillsetsasidesometimeforamusement.尽管这位作家一直忙于写作,但他还是留出了一些时间来消遣。⑤Theprofessor_________________________hisofficeworkthathehaslittletimeforthehousework.→_____________________________________________________________thathehaslittletimeforthehousework.(用倒装句)教授忙于办公室工作,很少有时间做家务。Key：occupiedoccupyingoccupationhasbeenoccupiedinwriting/hasoccupiedhimselfinwritingissooccupiedwithSooccupiedwithhisofficeworkistheprofessorstare[steə(r)]

vi.盯着看;凝视n.凝视stareat注视，盯着glanceat… 匆匆一瞥,扫视……gazeat… 凝视……glareat… 怒目而视……【语境辨意】Th