浙江省浙南名校联盟2025届高三上学期第一次联考（10月）英语试题 含解析

2024学年第一学期浙南名校联盟第一次联考高三英语试题本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)。满分150分,考试用时120分钟。考生须知:1.本卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟;2.答题前,在答题卷指定区域填写学校、班级、姓名、试场号、座位号及准考证号;3.所有答案必须写在答题卷上,写在试卷上无效;4.考试结束后,只需上交答题卷。第I卷(选择题共95分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whyaretheorangescheap?A.Theytastebad. B.They’reoutofdate. C.Therearefewcustomers.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Theseorangesaresocheap.Aren’ttheyfreshorsomething?M:They’retotallyfreshandtheytasteamazing.Theschoolkidsusuallybuyalotbuttheschoolsareclosedthisweek.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanwantinhiscoffee?A.Cream. B.Sugar. C.Milk.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning.Howdoyoulikeyourcoffee,sir?Anycreamormilk?M:No,justblack,withatouchofsugar.I’llalsohaveaglassofwater.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Anewmedicine. B.Seniorcare. C.Happymemories.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Thereisanewdrugthatmaypreventoldpeoplefromlosingtheirmemories.W:Thatwouldbegreat.Forgettingthingsisagreatproblemfortheelderly.Thisdiscoverycouldbeveryimportant.M:Yes.Idon’twanttoloseallmyhappymemorieswhenI’mold.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whichroaddoesthemanusuallytaketogettowork?A.HighStreet. B.BellLane. C.FieldStreet.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Ohno,highstreetisclosedforthenextsixweeks.HowwillIgettowork?W:You’llhavetogothelongwayround.Alongfieldstreet,thendownBellLane.M:IgothatwaywhenIgotothestation.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthewomandonextprobably?A.Havearest. B.Washtheplates. C.Cleanthefloor.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Okay,Ihavecleanedoutthecupboards,washedthedishes,wipedthetableandcleanthewindows.M:Welldone!Nowsitdownandrelax.W:No,Ineedyoutomoveyourchair.Thefloorisverydirty.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatkindofbooksisthemaninterestedin?A.Nature. B.Fiction. C.History.7.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Writerandreader. B.Librarianandborrower. C.Bookstoreownerandemployee.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】M:DoyouhaveanybooksonthebirdsofChina?W:Ifwedo,theywillbeonthefarshelf.M:AlsoI’mlookingforbooksonanimalsandtrees.W:Againthereshouldbeagoodselectiononthatshelf.It’stheonenexttothefictionandhistorysections.M:Thankyou.HowlongamIallowedtokeepthem?W:Youcantakethreebooksatatime.Youneedtorenewthemifyoukeepthemforoverthreeweeks.M:You’vebeenveryhelpful.I’mhopingtofindsomethingwrittenbymyfavoritewriters.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Howdoesthewomanfeel?A.Worried. B.Regretful. C.Disappointed9.Whendidthewoman’sproblemstart?A.Yesterday. B.Aweekago. C.Monthsago.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】W:Haveyoubeenwaitinglong?M:No,aladyhasjustgonein.IthinkI’mthenextone.I’mjusthavingacheckup.W:Ohluckyyou.I’mhavingatoothout.M:Ohno,youhavemysympathy.Doesithurt?W:Itdoes.Itneedstobepulledout.AndI’mscared.Ihatetheseplaces.M:Oh,it’snothingtoworryabout.Itwon’tbepainful.Hasitbeenhurtingforlong?W:Ifirstfeltthepainsevendaysago.Itjustgotgraduallyworse.Thenyesterday,itwashardtobearsoImadeanappointment.M:Iknowwhatit’slike.Whenthingshurtsomuch,youwilldoanythingtostopthem.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whenwillthewomanbeabletoleave?A.At7:00a.m. B.At7:00p.m. C.At12:00p.m.11.What’sthewoman’sdestination?A.Spain. B.France. C.Britain.12.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inacarpark. B.Inashop. C.Inanairport.【答案】10.B11.C12.C【解析】【原文】W:OhIamsostupid.M:What’sthematter?W:Imissedmyflight.Itleftat7amandthenextonewon’tleaveuntiltonight.Theyleaveevery12hours.M:Howdidthathappen?W:IchangedmywatchfromSpanishtimetoBritishtime,soitwillberightwhenIgetthere.ButtroubleisthatIforgotI’ddonethat.M:Oh,that’sbad.I’mofftoFrancebutIhaven’tchangedmywatch.Iusedmyphonetotellthetime.W:Ileftmyphoneinmycarinthecarpark.Thisisn’tmyday,isit?WhatshallIdoforthenexttwelvehours?M:Readabook.Maybeyoucouldbuyoneinoneoftheshops.W:Lookslikethatmightbethebestidea.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Wheredidthespeakersmeetfirst?A.Inuniversity. B.Inprimaryschool. C.Insecondaryschool.14.Whatkindofworkisthewomanseeking?A.Cooking. B.Sales. C.Computerscience.15.Whatdoesthemanplantodo?A.Getajob. B.Stayatuniversity. C.Travelaroundtheworld.16.Whohaslostcontactwiththespeakers?A.Gary. B.Lucy. C.Stewart.【答案】13.B14.C15.B16.C【解析】【原文】W:Isn’titamazingthatwearestillfriends?M:Yeah,welikethesamethings,don’twe?W:Yes,howmanypeoplewhogottoknoweachotheratprimaryschoolstillremainfriendswhentheyleaveuniversity?M:Isupposeitisunusualespeciallywhenwedidn’tgotothesamesecondaryschool.W:Yesandnowit’stimetostartourworkinglives.DidItellyouIhaveaninterviewwithacomputercompany?M:Isthistheonethatmakesartificialintelligencesoftware?W:No,thisonemakescomputerchips.Ihaven’theardfromtheotheroneyet.M:Haveyoueverheardfromanyofourotherfriends?W:IknowGaryishavingagapyeartoseetheworldLucyisworkingforaforeigntradecompany.Don’tyouwanttolookforajob?M:I’mgoingtostayonanddomymastersbeforeIlookforanything.W:OhIcan’tsayI’llmissuniversity.Tryingtocookinakitchenwithfiveotherpeople.Thatsortofthing.M:Idon’tmindthatsomuch.DoyourememberStewartsattemptsatcooking?W:Ha-hayes,whateverhappenedtohim.M:That’sagoodquestion.Ihaven’taclue.Afteruniversityhejustseemedtodisappearintothinair.W:Wemusttrytotrackhimdownsometime.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhatproblemdoesJohnhave?A.Hecan’tread. B.Hecan’tspeak. C.Hecan’thear.18.HowdidJohndealwithhisproblemwhenhewasatschool?A.Heignoredit. B.Hekeptitasecret. C.Heaskedforhelp.19.WhathappenedtoJohnwhenhewas25yearsold?A.Hegotmarried. B.Hewonaprize. C.Hebecameashopowner.20.WhichnewspaperdoesJohnhaveaproblemwith?A.DailyMirror. B.DailyMail. C.TheTimes.【答案】17.A18.B19.C20.C【解析】【原文】For35years,therichandfamouscametoJohnHarding’sLondonshoptogettheirhairstyled.Hisfamouscustomersdidn’tknowJohn’ssecretbuttheynoticeherarelyansweredthephone.That’sbecauseifhedid,hemightneedtochecktheappointmentbookorwritesomethingdown.AndthatwasaproblembecauseJohnwasunabletoread.Johngrewupinapoorarea.Atschool,hewasintheworstclass.Hetriedtohidehisreadingproblemaswellashecould.At16,hetookajobatahairshop.Hewenttoschoolintheeveningstolearnhowtocuthairandhewonprizesforhisskilllater.ThenhewasofferedajobatahighclassshopandtherehemethiswifeHeather.ShebecameoneofthefewpeoplewhoknewJohn’ssecret.Shehelpedhimwhenreadingwasrequired.Aged25,Johnsuccessfullyopentheshopwherehewouldstayfor35years,buthestillhasthereadingproblem.Atrestaurants,hecouldn’treadthemenu8yearsago.John’swifediedafter50yearsofmarriage.Withoutherhelp,Johndecidedtotryagaintolearn.Hejoinedagroupthatusesvolunteerstoteachadults.JohnnowreadsnewspaperslikeDailyMirrorandDailyMail,becausetheTimesistoodifficult.Johnsaysthere’sashortageofvolunteerstoteachreading.Howdoesheknow?Hereaditinanewspaper.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMostofuscouldbenefitfromwashingourbeddingmoreoften.Sheets,pillowcases,andmattressescanharbordirt,germsandallergens(过敏原)thataffectourskinandoverallhealth.Butwhat’sthesweetspotforwashingfrequency?Ourwebsiteaskedexpertstosharetheirpreferredintervals(间隔)andtipsonhowtodoitwell.PillowcasesPillowcasesarethelandingpadforyourskin,hairandalltheoilsanddirtcarriedwiththem.Itisrecommendedthatpillowcasesshouldbewashedatleastonceaweek.Peoplewhohavesensitiveskinorallergiesoftenbenefitfromamorefrequentroutine,likeeverythreetofourdays.Tohelpcleancaseslastlonger,showerbeforebed.Anddon’tforgetyourpillows:washingthemonceperseasonisthesweetspot.SheetsAtaminimum,youshouldwashyoursheetsonceaweek.Butavarietyoffactorscallformorefrequentwashing.Oneisthesummerheat,sincesweat“canleadtobacteriaandodoronoursheets.”Plus,allergenslikepollencantravelinsidewithyou,sowashingmorefrequentlycanhelpreducesymptoms.MattressesEverytimeyoustripthebedding,letthemattressbreatheforabitratherthanimmediatelyputtingonanewsetofsheets.“Leaveitforafewhourswithsomewindowsopen.”Stillairandcoveredmattressesencouragedustmitesandallergenstothrive.Vacuum(用吸尘器吸)ittwotothreetimesayear.Ifitsmells,sprinkleonathinlayerofbakingsoda,letitsitforafewhours.Andthenvacuumitup.21.Whichofthefollowingbeddingisadvisedtobecleanedonceperseason?A.Pillowcases. B.Pillows. C.Sheets. D.Mattresses.22.Whichisaproperwaytocleanthemattress?A.Exposingittofreshairforafewminutes.B.Vacuumingitupbeforesprayingbakingsoda.C.Removingthebeddingandleavingitforawhile.D.Placingnewsheetsinstantlywhenmakingthebed.23.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Alifestylewebsite. B.Ahealthmagazine. C.Amedicaljournal. D.Aproducthandbook.【答案】21.B22.C23.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是如何清洗床单、枕套和床垫的建议。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据Pillowcases部分的“Anddon’tforgetyourpillows:washingthemonceperseasonisthesweetspot.(别忘了你的枕头：每个季节洗一次是最好的。)”可知，建议每季清洗一次的是枕头。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Mattresses部分“Everytimeyoustripthebedding,letthemattressbreatheforabitratherthanimmediatelyputtingonanewsetofsheets.(每次剥下被褥时，让床垫呼吸一会儿，而不是立即换上一套新被褥。)”可知，清洁床垫的正确方法是把床上用品拿走，放一会儿。故选C。【23题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Mostofuscouldbenefitfromwashingourbeddingmoreoften.Sheets,pillowcases,andmattressescanharbordirt,germsandallergens(过敏原)thataffectourskinandoverallhealth.Butwhat’sthesweetspotforwashingfrequency?Ourwebsiteaskedexpertstosharetheirpreferredintervals(间隔)andtipsonhowtodoitwell.(经常洗床上用品对我们大多数人都有好处。床单、枕套和床垫会藏有污垢、细菌和过敏原，影响我们的皮肤和整体健康。但洗涤频率的最佳点是什么呢？我们的网站邀请专家分享他们喜欢的间隔时间以及如何做好的建议。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是如何清洗床单、枕套和床垫，因此可能来自于一个生活方式网站。故选A。BOverthedecades,YasmeenLari,Pakistan’sfirstfemalearchitect,haswonmuchrecognitionasanarchitectandenvironmentalist.WhenLariwasyoung,shehadanunconventionalupbringing.Herfatherwasaprogressivecivilserviceofficerwhooftentalkedaboutthehousingcrisisandneedforarchitects,whichimpressedLarigreatly.Atage17,shewasadmittedtothearchitectureschoolatOxfordBrookesUniversityasoneofonlyfivewomenintheclass.Aftergraduation,asherbuildingsrose,Lari’srenowngrew.Sheheldseniorpositionsinnationalandinternationalarchitecturalgroups.“Itwasaveryheadyexperience,”shesays.Yetshefoundwaystostaygrounded.Soonthediscomfortwithcommercialprojectsgrewinher—withtheircreativefreedom,largebudgetsandluxuriousmaterials.Shecouldnolongerjustifyfashioningbuildingsoutofunsustainablematerialswhenmillionshadlimitedaccesstohousing,sanitation(公共卫生)andwater.“Architectscannolongerworkforjusttheonepercent,”shesays,“Thatdoesn’tallowthemtoservehumanityasmuchastheycould.”In2013,whenLariwasgivingatourofavillagethathadbeenrebuiltafterdestructivefloods,shewatchedthevillagersshowoffthebuildingsshehaddesigned.“Ouroldbuildingsusedtoleakwhenitrained,butthesestaydryinside,”onevillagertoldLari.Pakistan’slocationandmeltingglaciersplaceitwithinthetoptencountriesmostimpactedbyclimatechange.Lari’sshelters,madewithlocalsustainablematerialssuchasbamboo,mudandlime,canbetterwithstanddisasters.Herinsistenceonlow-cost,zero-wasteandzero-carbonbuildingsreflectshercommitmenttotheplanet.Atage83,YasmeenLariisstillworkingonzero-carbondesignsandself-sustainingvillages.WhensheacceptedtheRoyalInstituteofBritishArchitectsGoldMedal,shesaid,thehonour“hasstrengthenedmymission”.24.WhatmadeLaritakeaninterestinarchitecture?A.Shortageoffemalearchitects. B.Traditionalparentingvalues.C.Herfather’sinfluenceinchildhood. D.Admissiontoanarchitectureschool.25.WhichstatementaboutarchitectsmayLariagreewith?A.Theyshouldcenteronthewell-beingofthegeneralpublic.B.Theyshouldspendmillionsofdollarsinfashioningbuildings.C.Theyshouldbeahundredpercentcommittedtotheirmission.D.Theyshoulduseluxuriousmaterialstodisplaytheircreativity.26.WhatdidthevillagerthinkofthehousedesignedbyLari?A.Cost-effective. B.Material-saving. C.Water-proof. D.Eco-friendly.27.WhatwashermissionaccordingtoLari?A.Tocallforzero-carbonlifestyles.B.Tohelppoorpeoplebuildhouses.C.Todevelopsustainableconstructionmaterials.D.Toconstructenvironmentally-friendlybuildings.【答案】24.C25.A26.C27.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是巴基斯坦首位女性建筑师YasmeenLari的成就与贡献。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Herfatherwasaprogressivecivilserviceofficerwhooftentalkedaboutthehousingcrisisandneedforarchitects,whichimpressedLarigreatly.(她的父亲是一位进步的公务员，经常谈论住房危机和对建筑师的需求，这给Lari留下了深刻的印象。)”可知，让Lari对建筑产生了兴趣的是她父亲在她童年对她的影响。故选C。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段““Architectscannolongerworkforjusttheonepercent,”shesays,“Thatdoesn’tallowthemtoservehumanityasmuchastheycould.”(“建筑师不能再只为那1%的人工作了，”她说，“这让他们无法尽其所能为人类服务。”)”可知，Lari可能同意的说法是他们应该以公众的福祉为中心。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““Ouroldbuildingsusedtoleakwhenitrained,butthesestaydryinside,”onevillagertoldLari.(一位村民告诉Lari：“以前下雨时，我们的老房子会漏水，但这些房子里面是干燥的。”)”可知，村民认为Lari设计的房子是防水的。故选C。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Herinsistenceonlow-cost,zero-wasteandzero-carbonbuildingsreflectshercommitmenttotheplanet.(她对低成本、零浪费和零碳建筑的坚持反映了她对地球的承诺。)”可知，Lari说她的使命是建设环保建筑。故选D。CFromtheswingingrhythmsofthe1950stotheautotunedhooksoftoday,popmusichasundergonearemarkabletransformation.Butwhatexactlyhaschanged,andhowcanwemeasureit?Researchersidentifytwomajor“melodic(旋律的)revolutions”inpopmusichistory:onein1975andanotherin2000.Theseturningpointsmarksignificantshiftsinthestructureandcomplexityofhitmelodies.Interestingly,thesemusicalmilestonesaren’tperfectlyinlinewiththerevolutionsinharmonyandtonecolor,suggestingthatdifferentaspectsofmusicmayevolveatdifferentrates.Duringtheserevolutions,melodieshavegenerallybecomesimpler,bothintermsofpitch(音高)andrhythm.Modernpophitstendtouseasmallerrangeofnotesandsimplerrhythmicpatternscomparedtothosefromthe1950sand60s.Atthesametime,therewasadramaticincreasein“notedensity”—thenumberofnotessqueezedintoeachsecondofmusic.Thismeansthatwhiletoday’spopmelodiesmightbesimplerinstructure,they’reoftendeliveredmorerapidly,creatingasenseofenergyandurgencythatwasn’tascommoninearlierdecades.Thereareseveralinterestingpossibilitiesforwhatishappening.Onetheorysuggeststhatasotheraspectsofmusicproduction—likecomplexelectronicbeatsandrichlylayeredinstrumentation—havebecomemoresophisticated,melodieshavehadtosimplifytomaintainabalance.Anotherexplanationpointstothechanginglandscapeofmusicconsumption.Inaneraofstreamingandsocialmedia,wherelistenerscanskiptothenextsonginseconds,theremaybemorepressuretocreatetunesthatgrabattentioninstantly.Thiscouldfavorsimpler,morerepetitivemelodiesthatareeasytorememberandsingalongto.Relationshipsbetweendifferentmusicalfeatureshavealsobecomestrongerinrecentyears.Forexample,inpost-2000pophits,melodieswithmorenotespersecondtendtobelesscomplexintermsofpitchvariety.Thissuggeststhatmodernpopsongwritingmaybefollowingstricterpatternsthaninthepast.28.Whatchangehastakenplaceinpopmusicovertheyears?A.Densernotes. B.Biggerrangeofpitch.C.Morecomplexrhythms. D.Morediversetonecolors.29.Whichofthefollowingmaycontributetotherevolutionofpopmusic?A.Thedifficultyincreatingcatchiertunes.B.Theconventionalpatternstoenjoymusic.C.Theconvenienceofswitchingbetweensongs.D.Theneedtobalanceincreasinglyintensebeats.30.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Popsongwritingmightbemoreflexibleinthepast.B.Modernpopmusicprioritizessimplicityinmelody.C.Post-2000pophitsfeaturecomplexityinpitchvariety.D.Relationshipsbetweenmusicalelementsareinvariable.31.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.Toproveaviewpoint. B.Toremovesomedoubts.C.Toillustrateaprinciple. D.Toanalyzeaphenomenon.【答案】28.A29.C30.B31.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了流行音乐经历了一个热门旋律的结构和复杂性的重大转变，本文介绍了转变的具体方面并分析其原因。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Atthesametime,therewasadramaticincreasein“notedensity”—thenumberofnotessqueezedintoeachsecondofmusic.(与此同时，“音符密度”——音乐中每一秒钟的音符数量——也有了戏剧性的增加。)”可知，多年来，流行音乐中高密度音符发生了变化。故选A。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Anotherexplanationpointstothechanginglandscapeofmusicconsumption.Inaneraofstreamingandsocialmedia,wherelistenerscanskiptothenextsonginseconds,theremaybemorepressuretocreatetunesthatgrabattentioninstantly.(另一种解释指出了音乐消费格局的变化。在一个流媒体和社交媒体的时代，听众可以在几秒钟内跳到下一首歌曲，创作出能够立即吸引注意力的曲调可能会有更大的压力。)”可知，在歌曲之间切换的便利可能导致流行音乐的革命。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Forexample,inpost-2000pophits,melodieswithmorenotespersecondtendtobelesscomplexintermsofpitchvariety.(例如，在2000年后的流行歌曲中，每秒音符更多的旋律在音高变化方面往往不那么复杂。)”可知，现代流行音乐注重旋律的简洁。故选B。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Fromtheswingingrhythmsofthe1950stotheautotunedhooksoftoday,popmusichasundergonearemarkabletransformation.Butwhatexactlyhaschanged,andhowcanwemeasureit?(从20世纪50年代的摇摆节奏到今天的自动调音挂钩，流行音乐经历了一个显著的转变。但究竟是什么发生了变化，我们又该如何衡量呢?)”以及后文对流行音乐经历的一个热门旋律的结构和复杂性的重大转变的具体方面和原因进行介绍和分析。可知，文章对这种现象进行了分析。故选D。DTippingpoints,alsoknownascriticaltransitions(转变),aremathematicalcliff-edgesinfluencingeverythinginourlife.Thefinancialcrisisof2007-09isoftendescribedasone.Soisthemomentthatcovid-19wentglobal.Anyonecanspotatippingpointafterit’sbeencrossed.Butitisextremelydifficulttospotthembeforetheyhappen.ComputerscientistsinChinanowshowthatartificialintelligence(AI)canhelp.Inarecentstudy,theresearchersaccuratelypredictedthebeginningoftippingpointsincomplicatedsystemswiththehelpofmachine-learningalgorithms(算法).Itcouldhelpsolvereal-worldproblems,suchaspredictingfloodsandpowerfailure.Tosimplifytheircalculations,theteamreducedallsuchproblemstoonestakingplacewithinalargenetworkofinteractingnodes(节点),theindividualelementswithinalargesystem.Inafinancialsystem,forexample,anodemightrepresentacompany.Theteamthendesignedtwoartificialneural(神经的)networkstoanalyzesuchsystems.Totraintheirmodel,theresearchersfirstlyturnedtosimplifiedtheoreticalsystemsinwhichtippingpointsareknowntooccur.Oncethemodelcouldpredictthesetransitions,itwasappliedtothereal-worldproblemofhowtropicalforeststurntosavannah(稀树草原).ThishashappenedmanytimesonEarth,butthedetailsremainmysterious.TheresearchersfirstanalyzedthedatafromthreecentralAfricanregionsinthepast20yearsandidentifiedthetippingpoints.Theythenwantedtoseeiftrainingtheiralgorithmondatafromtwooftheseregionscouldenableittocorrectlypredictatransitionpointinthethird.Itcould.Theteamthenaskedthealgorithmtoidentifytheconditionsthatdrovetheshift.Theanswerwas,asexpected,downtoannualrainfall.ButtheAIwasabletogofurther.TheAIdetailedthataslightdecreaseinrainfallfrom1,800mmto1,630mmledtoaminor5%dropintreecover,butafurtherdecreaseto1,620mmcausedasignificant30%drop.Thiswouldbeatextbookcriticaltransition.Andbypredictingitfromtherawdata,theresearcherssaytheyhavebrokennewgroundinthisfield.TheteamarenowtryingtodiscoverwhatspecificfeaturestheAlidentifiestomakethesepredictions,whichcouldhelpbetterpredicteverythingfrominfectiousoutbreakstothenextstockmarketcrash.32.Howdidtheteamsimplifythecalculations?A.Bylimitingtheproblemswithinalargenetwork.B.Byfocusingontheindividualelementsinanetwork.C.Bytransformingtheproblemsintoonesinanetwork.D.Byreducingthenumberofproblemsineachnetwork.33.WhywasthealgorithmtrainedondatafromtwocentralAfricanregions?A.Toimproveitsabilityofprediction. B.Tocheckitsanalysisofthedata.C.Toperfectitssolutionstoproblems. D.Totesttheaccuracyofitsprediction.34.WhatbreakthroughdidtheAImakeinthestudy?A.Itrevealedtheideathattippingpointsarepredictable.B.Itidentifiedacriticaltransitionpointinthetreecover.C.Itconfirmedprevioustheoriesaboutrainfallandtreecover.D.ItpredictedthefutureexpansionofsavannahsincentralAfrica.35.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?ATheAnalysisofRainfall:AIandTreeCoverB.SpottingTippingPoints:ABigChallengeforAIC.MachineLearning:PredictingCriticalMomentD.CriticalTransitions:TheKeytoMakingPredictions【答案】32.C33.D34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是中国计算机科学家如何利用人工智能技术（AI）来预测复杂系统中的临界点（或称为关键转折点），这些临界点对我们的生活有着重大影响。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Tosimplifytheircalculations,theteamreducedallsuchproblemstoonestakingplacewithinalargenetworkofinteractingnodes(节点),theindividualelementswithinalargesystem.(为了简化他们的计算，该团队将所有这些问题简化为发生在一个大型网络中相互作用的节点，即一个大系统中的单个元素。)”可知，研究小组通过将问题转化为网络中的问题来简化计算。故选C。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“TheresearchersfirstanalyzedthedatafromthreecentralAfricanregionsinthepast20yearsandidentifiedthetippingpoints.Theythenwantedtoseeiftrainingtheiralgorithmondatafromtwooftheseregionscouldenableittocorrectlypredictatransitionpointinthethird.Itcould.(研究人员首先分析了过去20年中非三个地区的数据，并确定了引爆点。然后，他们想看看在其中两个区域的数据上训练他们的算法是否能使其正确预测第三个区域的过渡点。它可以。)”可知，算法要在两个中非地区的数据上进行训练是为了测试它预测的准确性。故选D。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“TheAIdetailedthataslightdecreaseinrainfallfrom1,800mmto1,630mmledtoaminor5%dropintreecover,butafurtherdecreaseto1,620mmcausedasignificant30%drop.Thiswouldbeatextbookcriticaltransition.(人工智能详细说明，降雨量从1800毫米轻微减少到1630毫米，导致树木覆盖面积轻微下降5%，但进一步减少到1620毫米，导致树木覆盖面积显著下降30%。这将是一个教科书式的关键转变。)”可知，人工智能在研究中取得的突破是确定了树木覆盖的一个关键转折点。故选B。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Inarecentstudy,theresearchersaccuratelypredictedthebeginningoftippingpointsincomplicatedsystemswiththehelpofmachine-learningalgorithms(算法).(在最近的一项研究中，研究人员在机器学习算法的帮助下，准确地预测了复杂系统中临界点的开始。)”可知，本文主要讲的是中国计算机科学家如何利用人工智能技术（AI）来预测复杂系统中的临界点（或称为关键转折点），这些临界点对我们的生活有着重大影响，因此最好的题目是C选项“MachineLearning:PredictingCriticalMoment(机器学习：预测关键时刻)”。故选C。第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Holidaysabroadareeasierthaneverthankstosmartphones.Withtheautumnweatherfastapproaching,it’stheperfecttimeofyeartojetoffandgetawayfromhustlesandbustles.____36____Herearesometoptipstomakesureyou’renotcaughtoutonyourbreakabroad.TreatyourselftoapowerbankThebatteriesinsideourphonesaretypicallydesignedtolastforaroundadayofmoderateusage.____37____Soyou’regoingtowantsomeextrasupportsoyoudon’tendupgoingAWOL(absentwithoutleave)whenyourphonedies.That’swhyIrecommendpickingupaUSBpowerbank,whichwillgiveyoualittlebitofextrajuicetokeepyouconnectedtotherestoftheworld.EnableDataroaming(漫游)____38____Thegoodnewsisthatitiseasierthanevertostayconnectedtothenetwhenabroad.Makesureyoucheckwithyournetworkproviderwhatyourroamingplanis.InmanycountriesitisstraightforwardtobuyaSIMcardforalocalnetwork,withamuchmoregenerousdataallowance.____39____Ifyou’vegotanewerphone,itwillprobablysupport“eSIM”—whereyoucansimplyuseanapplikeHolaflyorAiralowhileconnectedtowifitosetyourselfuponanewnetworktemporarily.DownloadofflineapplicationsoftwareAndfinally,youneedtogetyourappsinorder.Onceyoureachyourdestinationyou’llneedamappingapp,andmaybeevenatranslationapp—AppleandGooglemaketheirownversionofboth.Andmoderntranslationappsareparticularlyexciting.____40____Thenyougetacleartranslation.Makesurethatallofthecriticaldataisdownloadedsothatappsworkofflineandyoucantraveltheworldlikealocal.Bonvoyage!A.WhatgoodisaphonewithoutInternetaccess?B.Yousimplywaveyourphoneatthescannerinstead.C.Infact,youmaynotevenneedaphysicalcardanymore.D.Whydoyouneedtogetyourphonereadytobeconnected?E.Butwhenyou’reawayfromhome,you’reprobablyusingitsomuchmore.F.Youcantypicallyjustwavethecameraofyourphoneoverprettymuchanything.G.Butbeforeleavingfortheairport,ensureyourphoneisreadyforthejourneyahead!【答案】36.G37.E38.A39.C40.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述外出旅游充分利用自己的手机的一些建议。【36题详解】根据上句“Withtheautumnweatherfastapproaching,it’stheperfecttimeofyeartojetoffandgetawayfromhustlesandbustles.(随着秋季天气的迅速临近，这是一年中最适合乘坐飞机远离喧嚣的时间)”以及后句“Herearesometoptipstomakesureyou’renotcaughtoutonyourbreakabroad.(这里有一些重要的建议，以确保你在国外度假时不会被困住)”以及后文对外出游玩如何充分利用手机的建议，可知设空处承上启下，G项：Butbeforeleavingfortheairport,ensureyourphoneisreadyforthejourneyahead!(但在出发去机场之前，确保你的手机准备好了！)合乎题意。故选G。【37题详解】本段的段落主题为“Treatyourselftoapowerbank(给自己一个充电宝)”根据后文“Soyou’regoingtowantsomeextrasupportsoyoudon’tendupgoingAWOL(absentwithoutleave)whenyourphonedies.(所以你需要一些额外的支持，这样你就不会在手机没电的时候无故缺席。)”可知，设空处为需要额外的支持的原因，E项：Butwhenyou’reawayfromhome,you’reprobablyusingitsomuchmore.(但是当你不在家的时候，你可能会更频繁地使用它。)说明当不在家的时候，可能会更频繁地使用手机，因此需要充电给自己一个充电宝。故选E。【38题详解】根据后文“Thegoodnewsisthatitiseasierthanevertostayconnectedt