高一上学期英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第一册-Unit2Let'stalkteens知识点学案

必修一Unit2Let’stalkteens1.roofn.屋顶，顶部[c]；其复数加s。vt.给……盖屋顶(P16,标题)a.复数加s的有：belief（信念）,chief（首领）,serf（农奴）,gulf（海湾）,cliff（悬崖）,proof（证据）,safe（保险柜）。b.复数变f(e)为ves的有：wolf（狼）,self（自己）,elf（精灵）,shelf（书架）,sheaf（一捆）,leaf（叶子）,calf（小牛）,half（一半）,loaf（面包）,thief（小偷）,knife（刀）,wife（妻子）,life（生活，生命）。c.复数加s或变f(e)为ves的有：scarf（围巾）,hoof（蹄）,dwarf（矮子）,handkerchief（手帕）①underthesameroof(=underoneroof)在同一屋檐下，在同一个建筑中②underone’sroof在某人家里③havearoofoverone’shead有住处，有栖身之处④gothroughtheroof（价格等）飞涨，激增；暴跳如雷，火冒三丈⑤Therooffallsin/carvesin飞来横祸，突遭不幸⑥roofin/over给……盖顶，在……上加盖顶⑦beroofedwith以……为屋顶典题赏析：1)ThePamirsareknownasthe_________oftheworld.帕米尔高原作为“世界屋脊”而出名。2)Theoldhouseswhose___________weredamagedinthestormarenowunderrepair.3)Idon’tthinkIcanlive__________________________asyouanylonger.我觉得我再也不能和你生活在同一屋檐下。4)Idon’twanther_____________________again.我再也不想让她到我家里来。5)Wearegoingto_________________theyardtomakeagarage.我们打算给院子加顶盖做车库。6)Theircottage________________________greenslate.他们的小房子盖的是绿瓦。7)The_____________oftheroomarecoveredwithmanyfallen________________.房间的屋顶覆盖着许多落叶。2.battlen.&vt.&vi.争论；战役，战斗，搏斗；斗争[c](P16,L2)①inbattle在战斗中②winabattle战胜③loseabattle战败④fightabattle打一场仗⑤fightalosingbattle打一场无法取胜的仗；做毫无希望的事⑥battlefor为……而战斗⑦battlewith与……作战⑧battleagainst与……作斗争辨析：battle，fight，struggle和war的区别1)battle“战役，战斗”，指一场战争中的战役、战斗，也可用于比喻表示“奋斗、努力”等。

thebattleofwaterloo/Liaoshen滑铁卢战役/辽沈战役

Shehadbattledbravelyagainstcancerformanyyears.她勇敢地与癌症搏斗了许多年。2)fight“战争，战斗；打架，争吵”。指人之间，动物之间的争斗，尤指战场上的搏斗，还可指人对自然界的斗争。

Theyarefightingforfreedom.他们正在为自由而战。

Thetwodogsarefightingforabone.两条狗正在为一根骨头而打架。3)struggle“挣扎，斗争”，指肉体上和精神上的搏斗。Wemuststruggleagainstdifficulties.我们必须与困难作斗争。4)war“战争”，指全面战争，包含多次battle。Wehadtwoworldwarsinthelastcentury.上个世纪我们有两次世界大战。典题赏析：1)Thatwasthelast__________ofthe__________.那是战争的最后一场战役。2)Hersonwaskilled______________________.她儿子在战斗中阵亡。3)Itrytogetthekidstopickuptheirclothes,butIam________a________________.我设法让孩子们自己收拾衣服，可是他们不听我的。4)Shehad________bravely_______cancerformanyyears.她勇敢地与癌症抗争了许多年。3.seeeyetoeyewithsb(onsth.)(在某事上)与某人看法一致(P16,L4)典题赏析：We___________________________eachotheronthismatter.就这件事我们彼此看法一致。4.anxiousadj.忧虑的，担心的；焦急的，令人焦虑的；渴望的(P16,L8)①beanxiousfor/about为……感到焦急/担心②beanxioustodosth.渴望/焦急干某事③beanxiousthat…渴望……▲anxiouslyadv.焦急地，焦虑地；渴望地▲anxietyn.焦急，不安[u]④withanxiety焦急地，焦虑地辨析:anxious和eager的区别1)anxious强调担心或焦急，对结果感到不安。Iamanxioustoknowthenews.我渴望知道消息。2)eager强调对成功的期望或进取的热情，含有积极向上的意思。Iameagertodothatinterestingwork.我渴望做那件有趣的工作。典题赏析：1)Mymotheralwaysgetsabit_____ifwedon’tarrivewhenwesaywewill.【浙江卷】A.anxiousB.ashamedC.weakD.patient2)We___________________________hissafety.我们为他的安全担心。3)Shewasanxious_____________________(know)whathadhappened.5.raten.速度，进度（只用单数）；率，比率；价格，费用；等级（与序数词连用）vt.评价，评估，被列入等级(P16,L9)①atafastrate快速地②atanyrate不管怎样，无论如何③attherateof以……的速度④atthis/thatrate照这/那情形看来⑤ratesb./sth.highly对某人/物评价高⑥rate…as…认为……是……典题赏析：1)Becareful,thecarisgoing_______of100milesanhour.A.atarateB.attherateC.atanyrateD.atthisrate2)—WhencanIuseyourcomputer?—Never!_______shouldyoutouchit.A.ByallmeansB.OnnoaccountC.AtallcostsD.Atanyrate3)Theepidemicmustbewipedout_______,orthechickenraiserswillsufferaterribleloss.A.athomeB.atanyrateC.inthesalesD.atatime4)Weall_________Billhighly_________anexcellentbasketballplayer.我们大家都认为比尔是位优秀的篮球运动员。5)_______________________,wewon’tevenbeabletoaffordaholiday.照这样下去，我们连假都度不起了。6)Thecompanyseemsto__________himvery_________.该公司似乎对他评价很高。6.shootvt.&vi.冲，奔；射击，射杀；摄影；打猎；射门，投篮(shot-shot)n.拍摄，摄影；幼苗，嫩芽[c](P16,L9)shootafilm拍电影shootahare打中野兔shootagun开枪shootabasketball投篮shootagoal踢进一球shootingstar流星①shootup快速长高，窜个子；射出，喷出②shootforth射出；（芽等）抽出③shootat向……射击/投去▲shootern.射手；手枪辨析：shoot与shootat的区别1)shoot意为“射中，击中”。2)shootat意为“向……射击”但不一定射中。典题赏析：1)Yourson’sreally___________________sincewelastsawhim.我们上次见过你儿子后，他真得长高了许多。2)Thehunter______________abird,buthedidn’t_____________it.猎人朝鸟射击，但没有射中。3)Mrs.Marchcouldnotpreventherlittleboy_______shooting_______thebirdsinthetrees.7.spot

n.粉刺；点，斑点，圆点；污点，瑕庇；地点，场所[c]（尤指休闲的）vt.点缀；把……弄脏；认出，看出(P16,L11)①onthespot在现场，到场；当场，立即②cometothespot来到现场③touristspot旅游点④ascenic/historyspot风景胜地/古迹⑤spotsb.doingsth.发现某人在干某事典题赏析：Heboughtthecar__________________________.他立即买下了那辆汽车。Dickisverytall,soheiseasyto__________inacrowd.迪克个子很高，所以在人群中容易被认出来。Meg_________someone__________outofthebuilding.梅格发现有人走出大楼。8.targetn.（攻击的）目标，对象；靶子[c]vt.把……作为攻击目标；面向(P16,L12)①atargetfor/of……的目标/攻击对象②atargetgroup/user目标群体/用户③setatarget制订目标④meet(achieve)atarget达到/实现目标⑤hit/missthetarget中靶/脱靶⑥target...at/on...使……面向……；针对典题赏析：1)Theembassyisanobvious__________________terroristattacks.大使馆是恐怖分子攻击的明显目标。2)Ihave_________myselfa________ofrunning2milesaday.我给自己定下了每天跑二英里的目标。3)Thecompaignisclearly____________________theyoung.这个宣传计划显然是针对年轻人的。9.angern.怒气，怒火[u]vt.&vi.使……发怒；激怒；发怒(P16,L13)①in/withanger生气地，愤怒地②beangeredby/at因……而发怒▲angryadj.愤怒的，生气的③beangrywithsb.因某人生气④beangryat/aboutsth.因某事生气▲angrilyadv.愤怒地，生气地典题赏析：1)Theyshouted____________________.他们愤怒地喊着。2)Theteacher_________________byhisfrequentbeinglate.老师因他频繁迟到而生气。3)Shewasso_________________himthatshethreatenedtothrowhimoutofthehouse.她很生他的气，威胁说要把他扔出屋去。10.desirevi.&vt.渴望，希望，愿望，欲望；要求(P17,L16)①desiresth.要求某事②desiretodosth.要求干某事③desiresb.todosth.要求某人干某事④desirethat+s+(should)+v要求……Itisdesiredthat+s+(should)+vn.愿望；心愿，要求[c/u]⑤satisfyone’sdesire满足某人的欲望⑥haveadesirefor对……有欲望，渴望某事⑦haveadesiretodosth.渴望做某事典题赏析：1)Fewpeopledesire_______________(live)inthenorthofthecountry.2)Readingsatisfiesmydesire_______________(keep)learning.3)Itismydesirethatallthefamilymembers_________________(gather)atleastonceayear.11.strugglevi.奋斗，努力；挣扎；斗争n.难事；斗争；努力[c](P17,L20)①strugglefor为……而斗争②strugglewith和……一起斗争③struggleagainst为反对……而斗争④struggletodosth.努力干某事⑤struggletoone’sfeet挣扎着站起来⑥Itisastruggleforsb.todosth.…对某人来说，干某事是一件困难的事。辨析：struggle与fight的区别1)struggle“斗争，挣扎”，指肉体或精神上的搏斗。2)fight“打仗，战斗；打架”，引申为一般的斗争。典题赏析：1)Hestruggled____________(explain)whatheheardinhishead.2)Althoughithadbeen_________struggleforhimtofinishtheexperiment,heenjoyedtheresultwithsatisfaction.3)Hefelloverarockinhiswalkand______________tohisfeet.4)Theworkingpeoplehaveneverstoppedtheirstruggle______________unfairtreatment.5)Oftenhestoppedhisworktoactasapeace-makeriftheyseemedaboutto____________.A.struggleB.fightC.playD.beat12.roughadj.艰难的；粗糙的；崎岖的；汹涌的；不确切的，大概的；粗野的，粗暴的(P17,L22)①beroughon/withsb.待人粗暴；欺负某人②inrough粗略地，大概地③intherough未加工，未完成④ataroughestimate粗略估计典题赏析：1)Wehada___________timeduringthewar.战争期间我们过着艰难的日子。2)Yourhandwas___________butstrongandwarm.你的手粗糙但温暖有力。3)__________________________,NigeriaisthreetimesthesizeofGreatBritain.粗略估计，尼日利亚是英国的三倍大。4)Martin__________________________others.马丁待人粗野。13.breakdownn.(关系)破裂；故障[c/u](P17,L24)①breakdownvt.使分解（为），使变化（成）；打破，弄坏；把……分类/成；改变vi.出故障，坏掉，抛锚；失声痛哭；（身体）垮掉，崩溃；失败，遭受挫折类似：breakthroughn.突破，重大进展[c]②breakthroughvi.&vt.突围，突破breakoutn.逃脱，越狱[c]③breakoutvi.爆发，发生breakupn.（婚姻或关系）破裂；分裂，解散；瓦解[c/u]④breakupvi.&vt.拆散，打碎，破裂；分裂，分解；（精神）崩溃，垮掉；放假，结束break-inn.闯入[c]⑤breakinvi.&vt.闯入，打断，插嘴；开始活动典题赏析：1)________________canleadtobehavioralproblemsinchildren.家庭破裂会导致孩子的行为出问题。2)Theelevatorsinthisbuildingarealways________________.这幢楼里的电梯总是出故障。3)Scientistshavemadeamajor__________inthetreatmentofcancer.科学家在癌症治疗上取得了重大突破。4)Newsreportssaypeacetalksbetweenthetwocountries________withnoagreementreached.【全国卷】A.havebrokendownB.havebrokenoutC.havebrokeninD.havebrokenup5)Tounderstandthegrammarofthesentence,youmustbreakit_________intoparts.【湖北卷】A.downB.upC.offD.out6)—I’msurprisedtohearthatSueandPaulhave___________.—SoamI.TheyseemedveryhappytogetherwhenIlastsawthem.【江苏卷】A.brokenupB.finishedupC.dividedupD.closedup7)Iwassleepingwhenthefire___________,andthenitspreadquickly.【广东卷】A.brokeoutB.putoutC.cameoutD.gotout14.regularadj.频繁的；有规律的;定期的；经常的；公认的(反：irregular)(P17,L26)①keepregularhours生活有规律②aregularcustomer常客，老顾客▲regularn.常客，老顾客；正规兵[c]▲regularlyadv.定期地；经常；匀称地，整齐地典题赏析：1)Membersoftheteamhave___________（有规律的）trainingonSundayafternoon.2)Iam___________（经常）invitedtogivetalksaboutmytimeinNepal.我经常被邀请去介绍我在尼泊尔时的情况。15.calmvt.使平静，使冷静，使镇静adj.静的，平静的，冷静的，沉着的(P17,L27)①calmdown镇静，平静，安静②keepcalm保持冷静辨析：calm，quiet，still与silent的区别1)calm“平静的”，指海洋，天气风平浪静；指人心平气和，镇定自如。2)quiet“安静的”，指环境没有声音。3)still“静止的，不动的”，指没有动作或运动的状态。4)silent“沉默的，不出声的”，指没有声音或不讲话。典题赏析：1)Whenwedealwithanemergency,themostimportantthingisto______________.（保持镇静）2)Heisterriblyexcited.Wemusttryto__________him__________.（使他平静下来）3)Everythingwas__________exceptthattheheavyrainstruckthewindow.Thenthemudslidehappenedbutthefrightenedpeoplestoodthere___________notknowingwhattodo.Heremained__________inthefaceofdangerandledallthepeopletoasafeplace.Laterhekept___________onhisbravebehavior.(用calm,quiet,still与silent填空)16.viewn.看法[c]；视线，视力，视野[c/u]；观点[c]；风景，景色[c]vt.把……视为；观看；看待，认为(P17,L28)①atfirstview初看；一见（就）②inone’sview在某人看来，依照个人的见解③inviewof鉴于；由于④inview在视野中；被考虑，被记住，被期望，被指望⑤fromone’spointofview从某人的角度/观点出发⑥haveagood/badview(of)看得见/看不见⑦view…as…把……看作……典题赏析：1)________________________（我认为）,whatthiscountryneedsisachangeofgovernment.2)_____________________________（从我的角度出发）,onlineEnglisheducationisawiseoption,andchildrenwillbenefitalotfromit.3)Weshouldconsidertheplanagain__________________（鉴于）thefuturedevelopment.4)Whenweclimbedtothetopofthemountain,we_______________（看得清）ofthewholecity.5)Conflictis____________________aninevitablepartofthechild-parentrelationship.冲突被视为是子女与父母之间关系不可避免的一部分。17.gothrough经历，经过；做完，用完；仔细查看，浏览，翻阅；通过，成功；看（练、做）一遍(P17,L29)典题赏析：1)Howdoesshekeepsmilingaftershe’s___________________thedifficulties?经历了这么多困难后她怎么还能满脸笑容呢？2)Austriawassoexpensive—we___________________allourmoneyinoneweek.去一趟奥地利十分昂贵—我们在一周内花光了所有的积蓄。3)Dave__________________hispocketslookingforthekeys.戴夫翻遍了他的口袋找钥匙。4)Let’s____________________thewholethingsagain,fromthebeginning.我们再从头开始完整地练习一遍。18.think...through充分考虑，全盘考虑，想透(P17,L30)①thinkabout考虑；回想，想起；认为，以为②thinkof想起，记得；对……有某种看法；想一想，想象③thinkover仔细考虑④thinkaloud自言自语⑤thinkout彻底想一想；计划出，发现，解决⑥thinkhighly/well/muchof对……评价高/印象好⑦thinkill/badly/poorly/littleof对……评价低/印象不好⑧thinkof...as...把……看作……，以为……是……⑨thinkbackto回想(=lookbackon)典题赏析：1)Theprojectneedstobecarefullyplannedand____________________.这个方案需要被仔细计划和充分考虑。2)Ihavenever_____________________becominganactor.我从未想过当演员。3)We_________ourEnglishteacher________ourfriend.我们把英语老师当作我们的朋友。4)WhenI______________________theexcitingscene,Ican’thelpcrying.当我一回想起那令人激动的场景时，我就忍不住哭了。5)Whatdoyou__________________thenewfilm?你觉得那部新电影如何？6)Idon’t_________________________thatnewrestaurant.我对那家的饭店印象不好。19.concernn.担心，关心，忧虑[u]；担心的事，关切的事[c]；企业，公司[c]vt.涉及，影响到，关系到；使担忧，使烦恼；关于(P17,L31)Thisconcernshisfuture.这关系到他的命运。Hishealthconcernsus.他的健康使我们担忧。Thestoryconcernsagoodgirl.这个故事是关于一位善良的姑娘。①showconcernfor对……表示关心/关注/担心②asconcerns关于▲concernedadj.担心的，关心的；有关的（用在名词后）③beconcernedabout/for对……担心/挂念④beconcernedwith与……有关；对……关心/关注/感兴趣⑤asfarasIamconcerned我认为，对我来说⑥Where/asfarassth.isconcerned就……而言▲concerningprep.关于，有关Concerningyourletter,I’vereadit.关于你的来信，我已拜读了。典题赏析：1)Nowadayspeoplearemore_____________(concern)abouttheenvironmentwheretheylive.2)Makingtherightdecision_____________(concern)thefutureisanimportantthingweshoulddoinourlives.3)Themeetingwasconcerned________reformsandeveryonepresentwasconcerned_________theresult.4)___________(concern)aboutLucy,theteachercalledhermothertofindoutwhyshewassooftenabsentfromclass.5)Themayoraskedtheofficials___________toputsafetyatthefirstplace.市长要求相关的官员把安全问题放在第一位。6)_________________________________（对我来说）,thewholeideaiscrazy.7)___________________________moneyisconcerned,Ialwaystrytobeverycareful.凡是涉及钱的地方，我总是尽量小心谨慎。20.backdown承认错误，认输(P17,L32)①backaway(from)向后退，退缩；逐渐退出，不再支持②backoff后退；逐渐退出，不再支持③backout不履行，食言，违约④backup支持；复制；倒车典题赏析：1)Hewastooproudto______________andadmitmistakes.他太骄傲了不愿认输承认错误。2)Thewaiter_______________________thetable,bowingslightly.男服务员从桌子旁向后退，欠身鞠了个躬。3)Peggywould______________________ifshewerehere.要是佩吉在这儿，她一定会支持我的说法。21.normaln.正常，常规，常态，标准[u]adj.正常的，一般的，正规的，标准的(P17,L33)①abovenormal在标准以上②belownormal在标准以下③return/gobacktonormal恢复正常④Itisnormalforsb.todosth...对某人来说做某事是正常的。

▲normalizevt.使正常化

▲normallyadv.正常化地典题赏析：1)WhenItookhistemperature,itwastwodegrees_____________（在标准以上）.2)Thegovernmenthastakensomemeasurestoreconstructtheearthquake-hitareas,butitwillbesometimebeforethey__________________________（恢复正常）.22.stressn.精神压力，紧张；强调，重视；重音，重读[c/u]vt.强调，着重；重读(P17,L33)①understress在压力下②underthestressof在……的压力下③put(lay/place)stresson给……施加压力；强调，重视▲stressfuladj.产生压力的，紧张的，压力重的（常修饰事物的性质）▲stressedadj.感到有压力的，压抑的；焦虑的（不用于名词前）典题赏析：1)_______isknowntousall,thingscaneasilygowrongwhenpeopleareunder_______.A.Which;controlB.As;loadC.It;strengthD.As;stress2)Oneofthemosteffectivewaystoreduce___istotalkaboutfeelingswithsomeoneyoutrust.【浙江卷】A.production B.stressC.energy D.power3)Everybodygets____________fromtimetotime.Friendsshouldbepeoplewhohelpustostrengthenourstrengthsandfindsolutionsto____________situation.(stress)4)Ican’t___________enoughtheneedforcooperation.合作的必要性无论如何强调都不过分。5)I’dliketotaketheopportunity____________________________theimportanceofeducation.我想要借此机会强调教育的重要性。23.turnout(P17,L36)1)linking-v.结果是，原来是，证明是①turnout(tobe)+n./adj.②Itturnsoutthat....Heturnedout(tobe)aspy.他原来是个间谍。Thepartyturnedout(tobe)verysuccessful.晚会结果开得很成功。Itturnedoutthatshewasright.结果证明她是对的。2)vt.驱逐，赶走；翻出；关掉；出来，出动；生产，制造典题赏析：1)Don’tworry,I’msureitwillall________________fine.不要担心，我敢肯定一切最终会好起来的。2)It___________________thatshedidn’tgetthejobintheend.结果是，她没有得到那份工作。3)Don’tforgettoturnoutthelightswhenyougo.意为：________________4)Benjaminturnedhissonoutofthehousewithoutanymoney.意为：________________5)Crowdsofpeopleturnedouttowatchtheexcitingfootballgame.意为：________________6)Thefactoryturnsout300unitsaday.意为：________________24.arguevt.&vi.争吵，争辩，争论；说服，劝说，论证(P19,L3)①arguewithsb.与某人争论②arguewithsb.about/over/onsth.就某事与某人争论③arguefor为……而争/辩论④argueagainst为反对……而争/辩论⑤arguesb.intodoingsth.说服某人干某事⑥arguesb.outofdoingsth.说服某人不要干某事▲argumentn.争吵，争论，辩论[c/u]；论点，论据，理由[u]辨析：argue，discuss与quarrel的区别1)argue“争论，辩论”，条理清楚地提出赞成或反对某事的理由。2)discuss“讨论”，重在交换意见，不含有说服对方的成分。3)debate“辩论”，表示辩论的目的在于说服对方。4)quarrel“争吵，吵架”，重在因生气或强烈的不满而同别人争吵，含有故意的成分。典题赏析：1)Mymotheralwaystellsmenotto____________________（与……争吵）myyoungersister,andweshouldgetonwellwitheachother.2)Therewasan________（争论）happeningbetweenTomandJimlastnight.3)Thestudentsargued________eachother________howtosolvethechemistryproblem.4)Shefoundituselessto_____________withthem.5)Donot______________,but________________.不要争论，要讨论。25.designvt.设计；制订；打算，计划n.设计，设计艺术[u]；图案，花样[c]；企图，图谋[c](P20,L1)①designsth.设计某物②designsth.forsb.为某人设计某物③designdoingsth./todosth.打算/计划干某事④designsb.todosth.打算让某人干某事⑤bedesignedfor打算用来干……⑥bydesign(=onpurpose)故意地，蓄意地▲designern.设计者，谋划者▲designedadj.事先计划好的，故意的典题赏析：1)Ifyou’relookingforsomeexcitingmusic,downloadtheappdesigned________youngpeople.2)Therobotsare____________________________peoplewiththehousework.这些机器人是为帮助人们做家务而设计的。3)Ithappened—whetherbyaccidentor___________________—thatthetwoofthemwereleftaloneafteralltheothershadgone.不知是偶然还是有意安排，其他人走后，碰巧只剩下他们两个人了。4)Thehospitalwasoriginally__________totake1,000patients,butnowhas2,500.A.designed B.prepared C.decorated D.attempted26.expertn.专家，内行，能手[c](P20,L8)adj.熟练的，内行的，专家的vt.&vi.当专家①beanexperton是……方面的专家②beexpertin/at对……熟练；擅长……典题赏析：1)YuanLongpingisan________________agricultureandheis_____________growingrice.袁隆平是农业方面的专家，他擅长种植水稻。27.likely

adj.“有可能的，预料的”，其主语可以是人也可以是物或it。(P20,L9)①be

likely

to

do

sth.有可能干某事Heislikelytocome.他有可能来。The

stormis

likely

to

come.暴风雨有可能来临。It

is

likelytorain.天有可能下雨。

②It

is

likely

that…有可能……

It

islikely

thatshe’llwinthematch.她有可能赢得比赛。likely

adj.可以作定语，意为“可能的，可信的；合适的，有希望的”。Whatis

his

most

likelyshopping

place?他最有可能购物的地方是哪里？He

tells

a

likelystory.他讲了一个可信的故事。Thepark

is

a

likelyspot

forthepicnic.公园是野餐合适的地方。likelyadv.多与most或very连用。We’llmostlikely

be

late.

我们很有可能迟到。I’ll

very

likely

be

at

home

all

day.

我很有可能整天在家。辨析：probable,

likely

与possible的区别1)probable可能性十之八九，主语是it。常用于句型“Itisprobablethat…”。2)likely可能性十之五六七，主语可以是人，物或it。常用于句型“Sb./Sth.belikelytodosth.或Itislikelythat…”。一般不说“Itislikelyforsb.todosth.”3)possible可能性十之一、二、三，主语是it。常用于句型“Itispossible(forsb.)todosth.或Itispossiblethat…”。注意这个句子的译法：他将来有可能会创造一项世界纪录。Heislikelytosetaworldrecordinthefuture.Itispossibleforhimtosetaworldrecordinthefuture.Itisprobable/possible/likelythathewillsetaworldrecordinthefuture.典题赏析：用probable，likely，possible填空1)Itseems________________thathewillarrivebeforedusk.2)Itisvery________________thatmyparentswillnotallowmetogo.3)Itis________________forhimtocometoday.4)________________,ifnot________________.（即使不见得会发生，至少是有可能的。）5)Arewe__________toarriveintime?6)I’llreturnassoonas________________.7)—It’swiseofparentstoteachtheirchildrenhowtobehaveincompany.—________________.A.MostlikelyB.ForsureC.ExactlynotD.Noproblem28.performancen.表现[c/u]；表演，演出，演奏[c]；执行，履行[u](P21,B2L13)①give/putonaperformance进行演出②Whataperformance!像什么样子！▲performvt.实施，执行；表演，演出，演奏③performaplay演出节目④performanoperation/experiment做手术/实验⑤performone’sduty/promise履行职责/诺言⑥performontheflute/piano演奏笛子/钢琴▲performern.表演者▲performingadj.表演的，会表演的典题赏析：1)I’veneverseenaShakespeare’splay___________________（表演）sowonderfully.2)The_____________________verywell,andher___________waspopularwiththeaudience.这个表演者表演得非常好，她的表演受到了观众的欢迎。3)Thedoctordecidedto____________________________onthepatientatonce.这个医生决定立即给这个病人做手术。4)Nomatterhowfrequently____________(perform),theworksofBeethovenstillattractpeopleallovertheworld.29.cheervt.使振奋，使高兴(P21,B2L15)①cheerup（使）变得高兴，振奋起来②cheersb.on（比赛中）为某人加油▲cheerfuladj.愉快的，高兴的▲cheerfullyadv.愉快地，高兴地典题赏析：1)Hewasfeelingabitlow,soIdidmybesttocheerhim______________.2)Youngman,________________（振作起来）!Don’tcryfortheoverspiltmilk.3)Thegameisabouttostart.Iwillgotocheerourteam________________.30.press

vt.&vi.催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推n.

报刊杂志，印刷媒体[u]；记者，新闻工作者（+动复）[u]；新闻界[u]；出版社，印刷厂[c](P22,L4)the

Press

记者，新闻界 pressagency通讯社press

agent广告代理 pressconference记者招待会freedom

ofthe

press出版/新闻自由 YilinPress译林出版社Foreign

LanguagePress外文出版社 theAssociatedPress美联社①presssb.forsth.催促/迫切要求某人某事②presssb.todosth./intodoingsth.催促/强迫某人干某事③presssthonsb.把……强加于某人，强迫某人接受某物④presson

with加紧；继续；奋勇前进⑤press...against...把……推/按/压在……上⑥be

pressedfor(time/money)

缺少，缺乏典题赏析：1)He_________（按下）thebuttonandthedoorbellrang.【全国卷】2)Becauseofthetoughenvironment,theywerepressed____________________(quit)theoriginalplanofreachingthepeak.3)ThecavewassonarrowthatIhadtopressmyself__________thewalltoletthempass.4)I_________abit_________________time.Couldyoucallbacktomorrow?我时间有点儿紧，你能明天打电话过来吗？5)Thebankis__________us___________aquickdecision.银行催促我们迅速作出决定。6)Shekept__________cakes___________us.她非要我们吃蛋糕不可。31.leavealone别管；别惹；别动，让独自呆着(P22,L5)①leavebehind不带走，忘了带，遗留，留下②leavefor动身到（某处）③leaveout漏掉，忘掉，省略④leaveoff停止，中断；脱掉典题赏析：1)_________thepiano_________,oryouwillbreakit.别碰那架钢琴，否则你会把它弄坏的。2)Whycan’tyoujust__________her___________?你为什么不能让她一个人待一会儿呢？3)IthinkI__________mycreditcard___________attherestaurant.我想我把信用卡落在餐馆里了。4)Youhave____________________azerointhisphonenumber.你在这个电话号码中漏掉一个零。32.eageradj.热切的，渴望的，渴求的(P22,L8)①beeagertodosth.渴望干某事②beeagerfor/about/after渴望……③beeagerthat…渴望……▲eagernessn.渴望，热切[u]▲eagerlyadv.热切地辨析:eager与anxious的区别1)eager强调对成功的期望或进取的热情，含有积极向上的意思。Iameagertodothatinterestingwork.我渴望做那份有趣的工作。2)anxious强调担心或焦急，对结果感到不安。Iamanxioustoknowthenewsfromthebattlefield.我急于想知道战场传来的消息。典题赏析：1)Theywere_______theirdaughterbeingoutsolateatnight,andvery_______herreturn.A.anxiousfor;anxiousaboutB.eagerfor;eageraboutC.anxiousabout;anxiousforD.anxiousabout;eagerabout2)Guilinissobeautifulaplacethatpeopleallovertheworldareeager___________(visit)it.3)We’refacedwithaseveresituationwherewehavetogiveupwhatwe’reeager_______most.33.youthn.青年时期，青春[u](反：age)；年轻人(theyouth+动复)[c](P22,L15)①inone’syouth在某人年轻时②youthclub/culture青年俱乐部/文化▲youthfuladj.青春的，年轻的，青年的；有朝气的，充满活力的典题赏析：1)IvisitedSouthAmerica______________________________.（在我年轻的时候）2)Theyouthofourcountry___________readytofightfortheliberationofTaiwan.3)___________isatime___________manypeoplerebelagainsttheirparents.在青少年时期，许多人都会违抗自己的父母。34.adventuren.冒险[u]；奇遇，冒险经历[c](P22,L15)asense/spiritofadventure冒险意识/精神Helivedforadventure.他为追求冒险而生活。Itoldthemofmyadventuresinthemountains.我告诉他们我在山里冒险的经历。▲adventurern.冒险者；投机分子，骗子▲adventurousadj.爱冒险的，冒险的，胆大的典题赏析：1)The_________________toldtheboysabouthis_________________intheAfricanforests.那位冒险家告诉孩子们他在非洲丛林冒险的经历。2)Childrenalwayswanttolivean____________life.Infact,theirlifeisonebig__________andtheyare_____________.孩子们总是想要过一种冒险的生活。事实上他们的生活就是一场大冒险，并且他们就是冒险家。35.beonsb.’sbackaboutsth.就某事缠磨/烦扰某人，非让某人做某事，硬要某人做某事(P22,L19)典题赏析：1)Dadis_____________________________myhomework,soIcan’tgoouttonight.爸爸非让我做作业不可，所以我今晚不能出去。36.accountn.帐，账目，账户[c]；描述，叙述[c]；解释[c]；重要性，价值[u]；考虑[u]；理由，缘故[u]vt.认为，视为(P25,标题)bankaccount银行账户 anInternet/emailaccount互联网/电子邮件账户open/closeanaccount开户/销户①oaccount=takeaccountof考虑到，顾及②beofgreat/noaccount很重要/不重要③onone’saccount为了某人的缘故④onthis/thataccount由于这/那个缘故⑤onaccountof因为，由于⑥onnoaccount决不(位于句首时，句子要用倒装)⑦onallaccounts/everyaccount无论如何⑧by/fromallaccounts据说，根据报道⑨accountfor是……的说明/原因；解释，说明；（数量上，比例上）占▲accountableadj.负有责任的，有说明义务的典题赏析：1)—Tomhadalotofpartiesrecently.—Yes,thatmight________________（解释，说明）whyhedidn’tdowellinthetest.2)Hisillness__________________（考虑，重视）,hedidfairlywellintheexamination.3)Theprofessorwarnedthestudentsthat____________________（决不）shouldtheyusetheirmobilephonesinhisclass.4)_______hisknowledgeofthemountainouscountry,JohnSmithwasappointedasourguide.A.Inspiteof B.Onaccountof C.Regardlessof D.Insteadof5)Thelackofhealthfacilitiesandnecessaryprotectionformedicalworkerspartly________theepidemicofEbola.A.accountedfor B.headedfor C.calledfor D.sentfor6)Itissaidthatbodylanguage_________55%ofafirstimpressionwhilewhatyousayjust7%.A.liesin B.accountsfor C.consistsof D.goeswith37.rentn.租金，租费，房租[c/u]vi.&vt.租用；出租(P25,L3)①paytherent付租金②ataheavy/highrent以高租金③forrent招租④rentcharge租费⑤rentsth.fromsb.向某人租某物⑥rentsth.tosb.把某物租给某人辨析：rent，employ与hire的区别1)rent指租用场地、房屋、土地等，既可是长期的，也可是临时的。只指物，不指人。2)employ指雇用人，聘请人，带有长期性，只指人，不指物。3)hire可指雇人，也可指租用车船、服装等物，多指临时雇用。Sherentedmearoom.她为我租了一个房间。Weemployhimasanadviser.我们雇用他当顾问。Theyhiredaboatyesterday.昨天他们雇了一条船。典题赏析：1)Smithrentedhisland__________us__________$800ayear.2)Idon’thaveenoughmoneytobuyacar,soIhavetorentone__________others.3)Ithappenedthatthebossjusthadsuchaflat_______rent,soIquicklyreachedanagreement.38.secureadj.安心的；可靠的；牢固的；确信的，有把握的(反：insecure)vt.使安全，保护；使牢固(P25,L10)①feelsecureabout对……感到安心②besecureagainst/from没有……的危险③secure...against/from...保护……免受……▲securelyadv.安全地；稳固地▲securityn.安全，平安；保安措施；抵押品[u]典题赏析：1)Thesandbags__________thetown___________floods.这些沙袋使该城免遭水灾。2)Arewe______________________interruption?我们不会被打扰吗？3)Atlasttheywereableto________________________________thefuture.他们终于能够对将来感到安心了。4)Whenitcomestothecampus____________(secure),wehavetotakeitseriously.39.graduatevi.毕业n.毕业生[c](P25,L11)①graduatefrom…毕业于……（学校）②graduatein…毕业于……（专业）▲graduationn.毕业[u]典题赏析：1)Mybrothergraduated__________chemistry__________NanjingUniversityin2020.Istillrememberthedaywhenwewenttohis____________(graduate).2)After__________fromNanjingUniversity,many__________wenttotheUSA.(graduate)40.volunteern.志愿者，志愿兵[c]vt.&vi.主动建议/告诉；自愿，义务(P25,L19)①volunteertodosth.自愿干某事▲voluntaryadj.自愿的，志愿的，义务的典题赏析：1)Myneighborsvolunteered______________(take)careofmypetdogwhileIwasonvacationlastsummer.2)Overthelast30years,thenumberofpeopletakingpartin____________(volunteer)workhasincreasedsharply.41.figuren.数字；人物；体形，身材；形状，形态；图，图形，图像，图案，插图；形象，轮廓；名人像；价格[c]vt.相信，认为，估计，揣测(P25,L24)①figureout想出；计算出，解决；理解②figureup计算，把……总加起来典题赏析：1)Thepresentsituationisverycomplex,soIthinkitwilltakemesometimeto____itsreality.【湖北卷】A.makeupB.figureoutC.lookthr