必修二Unit1CulturalHeritage单元培优综合测试卷

必修二Unit1CulturalHeritage单元培优综合测试卷第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（2024·浙江杭州·模拟预测）Indiaisanancientcivilizationwithrichculturalheritage(遗产),anditsculturalheritageisrelatedtoallmajorreligions(宗教)oftheworld.HerewetakealookatsomeofthetopheritagedestinationsinIndia.SunTemple,KonarkAsthenamesuggeststhistempleisallaboutthepowerofthesunGod.Ahugechariot(二轮战车)drawnbysevenhorsesandtwelvepairsofwheelsshowtheimportancewhichancientpeopleplacedonthepowerofthesun.Thepicturesofanimalsandhumansgivethisplaceaspeciallook.ChurchesGoaGoaistheonlyIndianstatewhichwascontrolledbythePortuguese,sothesceneinGoaisdottedwith(点缀着)Portuguesestylechurches.SomeofthefamouschurchesincludethechurchofSaintCatherine,churchofSaintAugustineandchurchofsaintFrancisofAssisi.Thesechurchesshowbeautifulpaintingsandflowerdesign’swhichmakethemamustvisit.AjantaandElloraCavesThesecavescontainwelldesignedpaintingswhicharewidelyregardedasthemostoutstandingworksofBuddhistreligiousart.TajMahal,AgraBuiltonthebankoftheYamunaRiver,itisanexcellentbuilding.Thewritingandpaintingsontheoutsidestructureprovidethefinestexamplesoftheoutstandingstyleofbuildings.SanchiSanchiisaUNESCOworldheritagesitewithnumerousBuddhisttemplesdatingbacktotheseventhandeighthcenturies.OnyourvisittoIndia,besuretovisitsomeoftheseheritagedestinations.AnIndianjourneyisnotwonderfulwithoutexperiencingthebeautyoftheseheritagedestinations.1．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．ThechurchofSaintCatherineistheearliestoneintheworld.B．ThePortuguesecontrolledthewholeIndiatwocenturiesago.C．ElloraCavesonlyhavestatuesofanimals.D．Indianculturalheritagehassomethingtodowithreligions.2．TheancientIndiansthoughtthat__________wasimportant,A．animals B．thesun’spower C．ancienttemples D．ancientcivilization3．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．IntroducingseveraltopheritagedestinationsinIndia.B．ThegreateffectthatIndianreligionhasonculture.C．Indiaisanancientcivilizationwithrichculturalheritage.D．Indiaisfamousforitsculturalheritage.【答案】1．D2．B3．A【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了印度的五个顶级的文化遗址。1．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Indiaisanancientcivilizationwithrichculturalheritage(遗产),anditsculturalheritagehassomethingtodowithallmajorreligions(宗教)oftheworld.(印度是一个有着丰富文化遗产的文明古国，它的文化遗产与世界上所有的主要宗教都有关系)”可知，印度文化遗产与宗教有关。故选D项。2．细节理解题。根据SunTemple,Konark部分中“AsthenamesuggeststhistempleisallaboutthepowerofthesunGod.Ahugechariot(二轮战车)drawnbysevenhorsesandtwelvepairsofwheels showtheimportancewhichancientpeopleplacedonthepowerofthesun.(这个名字暗示着这座寺庙是关于太阳神的力量。由7匹马和12对轮子拉动的巨大战车反映了古人对太阳力量的重视)”可知，古印度建造这个寺庙是因为他们需要膜拜太阳神，他们认为太阳的力量很重要。故选B项。3．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段最后一句“HerewetakealookatsomeofthetopheritagedestinationsinIndia.(下面我们来看看印度的一些顶级遗产地)”可知，本文主要讲述的是印度的几个顶级的文化遗址。故选A项。B（2024·黑龙江吉林·模拟预测）Ittookanillscreechowl(鸣角鸮)toteachascientistthevalueofupcloseandpersonalstudy.InhisHarvadtalk,CarlSafina,anecologistandauthorofAlfieandMe:WhatOwlsKnow,WhatHumansBelieve,recalledthatthechickwasfounddyinginhisbackyard.Safinatookitinandplannedtonurseitbacktohealthandthenperformrelease.Buttheowlet'sflightfeathersdidn'tgrowproperly.Safinadelayedtherelease.Overthoseextendedmonths,SafinagottoknowAlfieinwaysthatmovedandchangedhim.“AnowlfoundmeandthenIwaswatching‘anowl’,”hesaid.“Itwasnolongeranowlafterawhile,itwas‘she’becauseshehadahistorywithme.Thislittleowl,whowaswithmemuchlongerthanIthoughtshewouldbe,becameanindividualtomebythathistoryandallthoseinteractions.”ThebondwithAlfiestrengthenedtothepointthat,whenshewasfinallyreleased,shecreatedaterritorywithSafina'shomeatitscenter.Safinawasabletospendhourseachdayobservingherinthewoodsasshelearnedtotakecareofherselfinthewild,mettwomates,andraisedchicksofherown.WhenheheardAlfiecalling,Safinasaid,he'dcallbackandshe'dlandnearby.Theirclosenessallowedhimtolearnmorethingsaboutscreechowls.Fieldguides,forexample,describetwoknowncallsbutheidentifiedsix,someofwhichyouhavetobequiteclosetohear.TherelationshipalsoopenedawindowforSafinaontopersonalitydifferencesbetweenAlfieandhermates.WhenpointedoutthathisapproachtoAlfie—includingtheactofnamingher—rancountertowidespreadscientificpractice,Safinasaidhewasn'tconcernedaboutviolating(违反)convention,particularlyifsomethinginterestinglikeindividualpersonalitydifferencesamongowlscouldbelearned.TheexperiencecausedSafinatothinkmoredeeplyabouthumankind'srelationshipwithnatureandthekindofpersonalconnectionhewasabletofeelwithawildindividual.“WhatIlearnedfromAlfieisthatallsentient(有情感的)beingsseekafeelingofwellbeingandfreedomofmovement,”Safinasaid.“That'saguidetowhat'srightandwhat'swrongtome.”4．WhatdoweknowaboutAlfie?A．ShedevelopedaclosebondwithSafina.B．ShewasafictionalcharacterinSafina'sbook.C．SheintentionallylandedinSafina'sbackyard.D．Shewasdyingbecauseofthebrokenflightfeathers.5．WhathappenedafterSafinareleasedAlfie?A．AlfiechosetostaywithSafinaathishome.B．Theymaintainedacontinousmunication.C．Alfiemetmatesandraisedchicksbyherself.D．Safinakepthisdistancefromhertopreventattachment.6．WhatdidSafinaachieveinhisstudy?A．Recordingsixdifferentcallsofthescreechowl.B．Identifyingdifferenttypesofowlsbytheircalls.C．Learninghowtoreleaseowlsbackintothewild.D．Understandingpersonalitydifferencesamongowls.7．HowdidSafina'sexperiencewithAlfieimpacthim?A．Hebecamemorefocusedonexploringnature.B．Heinitiatedhismitmenttowildlifeconservation.C．Hedevelopedadeepappreciationforthewelfareoflivingcreatures.D．Hedecidedtoguidereaderstodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong.【答案】4．A5．B6．D7．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了生态学家CarlSafina与一只名叫Alfie的鸣角鸮的故事，以及这段经历对他的影响。4．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Overthoseextendedmonths,SafinagottoknowAlfieinwaysthatmovedandchangedhim.”（在那些漫长的月份里，萨菲纳以一种感动并改变他的方式了解了阿尔菲。）根据第三段“Thislittleowl,whowaswithmemuchlongerthanIthoughtshewouldbe,becameanindividualtomebythathistoryandallthoseinteractions.”（这只小猫头鹰，它和我在一起的时间比我想象的要长得多，通过那段历史和所有这些互动，它成为了我的一部分）可知，Safina与Alfie建立了紧密的联系。故选A。5．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“WhenheheardAlfiecalling,Safinasaid,he'dcallbackandshe'dlandnearby.”（当他听到阿尔菲的叫声时，萨菲纳说，他会回应，她就会降落在附近。）可知，他们保持了持续的交流，故选B。6．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“TherelationshipalsoopenedawindowforSafinaontopersonalitydifferencesbetweenAlfieandhermates.”（这种关系也为萨菲纳打开了一个窗口，让他看到阿尔菲和她的伴侣之间的性格差异。）可知，Safina理解了猫头鹰之间的性格差异，故选D7．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“WhatIlearnedfromAlfieisthatallsentientbeingsseekafeelingofwellbeingandfreedomofmovement,”Safinasaid.“That'saguidetowhat'srightandwhat'swrongtome.”（我从阿尔菲那里学到的是，所有有情感的生物都寻求幸福感和自由的移动，”萨菲纳说。“这对我来说是判断对错的指南。”）可知，Safina对生物的幸福产生了深深的欣赏，故选C。C（2023·四川成都·一模）Oneoftheworld’soldestpreservedhumansettlementshasbeensignificantlydamagedbypouringraininPakistanasthecountrybattlestheworstfloodsinitshistory.Moenjodaro,aWorldHeritagesiteintheIndusRivervalley508kilometers(316miles)fromKarachi,wasbuiltintheBronzeAge,some5,000yearsago.“Unfortunatelywewitnessedthemassdestructionatthesite,”readsaletterfromtheCultural,Tourism&AntiquitiesDepartmentofSinghstatesenttoUNESCOandsignedbydirectorIhsanAliAbbasiandarchitectNaveedAhmedSangah.Theletteraddsthesitewasbeingusedastemporaryacmodationforsurroundingresidentswhoseownhomeshadflooded.Moenjodaro’ssignificancecan’tbeunderestimatedwhenitwasaddedtoUNESCO’sregisterin1980,theorganizationwrotethatMoenjodaro“bearsexceptionalprooftotheInduscivilization,”prising“themostancientplannedcityontheIndiansubcontinent”.Theletterexplainssomeoftheimmediateactionsthesiteteamhastakentomitigatetheflooddamage,likebringinginwaterpumpsandrepairingbrickwork.Butit’sclearthatthesemeasureswillnotbeenough.AbbasiandSangahendedtheirletterbyaskingfor100millionPakistanirupees($45million)tocoverthecostsoffullrepairs.UNESCOhasrespondedtotherequestforhelp,allocating$350,000fromitsemergencyfundfordamagedhistoricsitesinPakistanduringUNSecretaryGeneralAntónioGuterres’svisittothefloodstrickencountrythisweek.ThefundswillgotoMoenjodaroandothersitesincludingtheAmriMuseum.Whilethesumisfarlessthanneededtofullyrepairthesites,itwillpayforurgentworkwhileUNESCOandlocalorganizationconsiderthebestwayforward.Sadly,theconservatorsofMoenjodarohaveknownforsometimethatfloodingcouldbringaseriousrisktothesite.Intheirletter,AbbasiandSangahexpressconcernthatMoenjodarocouldbeaddedtothelistofUNESCOsitesindanger,whichthepreservationbodyupdatesperiodicallytohighlighthistoricplacesthatareatsevereriskofruin.8．WhatmakesMoenjodarospecialtoPakistan?A．Thegeographicfeatureitbears.B．Theroleitplayedinfightingfloods.C．Themassdestructionitsufferedinhistory.D．Thevalueitholdsinhistoryandarchitecture.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mitigate”inParagraph4probablymean?A．Reduce. B．Suffer. C．Avoid. D．Assess.10．Whichbestdescribesthesituationoftherepairworkmadesofar?A．Creative. B．Worrying. C．Impractical. D．Satisfactory.11．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Pakistan’sDeadlyFloodsCausingWidespreadDamageB．MoenjodaroCallingforAttentiontoItsSevereDamageC．MoenjodaroAddedtotheListofUNESCOSitesinDangerD．PakistanUNESCOSiteMoenjodaroBadlyDamagedbyFlooding【答案】8．D9．A10．B11．D【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了世界上保存最古老的人类住区之一——巴基斯坦的世界遗产门佐达罗在暴雨中遭到严重破坏和拯救方法。8．细节理解题。根据第三段“Moenjodaro’ssignificancecan’tbeunderestimatedwhenitwasaddedtoUNESCO’sregisterin1980,theorganizationwrotethatMoenjodaro“bearsexceptionalprooftotheInduscivilization,”prising“themostancientplannedcityontheIndiansubcontinent”.(1980年，当门佐达罗被列入联合国教科文组织名录时，它的重要性不容小觑。该组织写道，门佐达罗“为印度河文明提供了独特的证据”，是“印度次大陆上最古老的规划城市”)”可知，门佐达罗在历史和建筑上的价值使它对巴基斯坦来说很特别。故选D。9．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Theletterexplainssomeoftheimmediateactionsthesiteteamhastaken(这封信解释了现场团队立即采取的一些行动)”及下文“likebringinginwaterpumpsandrepairingbrickwork.Butit’sclearthatthesemeasureswillnotbeenough.(比如引进水泵和修复砖墙。但很明显，这些措施还不够)”可知，现场团队立即采取了一些措施来减轻洪水破坏。由此可知，划线词mitigate与reduce“减少，降低”意思接近。故选A。10．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Butit’sclearthatthesemeasureswillnotbeenough.(但很明显，这些措施还不够)”及倒数第二段中的“Whilethesumisfarlessthanneededtofullyrepairthesites,itwillpayforurgentworkwhileUNESCOandlocalorganizationconsiderthebestwayforward.(虽然这笔钱远远少于完全修复遗址所需的钱，但它将支付联合国教科文组织和当地组织考虑最佳前进方式的紧急工作)”及最后一段“Intheirletter,AbbasiandSangahexpressconcernthatMoenjodarocouldbeaddedtothelistofUNESCOsitesindanger,whichthepreservationbodyupdatesperiodicallytohighlighthistoricplacesthatareatsevereriskofruin.(在他们的信中，Abbasi和Sangah表达了对门佐达罗可能被列入联合国教科文组织濒危遗址名单的担忧，该保护机构定期更新该名单，以突出那些面临严重破坏风险的历史遗迹)”可推知，到目前为止，维修工作的情况令人担忧。故选B。11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Oneoftheworld’soldestpreservedhumansettlementshasbeensignificantlydamagedbypouringraininPakistanasthecountrybattlestheworstfloodsinitshistory.(巴基斯坦正在与历史上最严重的洪水作斗争，世界上保存最古老的人类住区之一在暴雨中遭到严重破坏)”及下文介绍可知，文章主要介绍了世界上保存最古老的人类住区之一——巴基斯坦的世界遗产门佐达罗在暴雨中遭到严重破坏和拯救方法。由此可知，D.PakistanUNESCOSiteMoenjodaroBadlyDamagedbyFlooding(巴基斯坦联合国教科文组织世界遗产地门佐达罗被洪水严重破坏)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。D（2024·浙江绍兴·三模）Aboutadecadeago,wearinghanfu,atraditionalstyleofclothingwornbyChina’sHanethnicgroup,wasconsideredmoreofahobby,witharelativelysmallnumberofChineseindividualsparticipatinginthetrend.Currently,thereisanotableshiftasyoungconsumersinChinaareurgingbrandstoacknowledgetheirheritageandadapttoittoinfluencethemarket.Thehanfumovementrathersuitsthisrhetoric,advocatingculturalautonomyinfusedwithatouchofpatriotism.ManyChineseGenZshaveetorealizethatfashionisnotexclusivetoWesternstyles;theyhavealsorecognizedtheallureandappealoftheirowntraditionalgarments.Culturalconfidencehasplayedasignificantroleinpopularizingthesetraditionalclothingchoices.JunBaoyuan,a24yearoldgraduatefromtheBeijingInstituteofTechnology,saidthatpeoplewhodevelopaninterestinhanfuwillinturnlearnmoreaboutthetraditionalskillsrootedinChineseculture,includingclothweavingandtraditionaljewelryhandicrafts.Shealsonotedthatmanyofherclosefriendstodayhadenteredherlifeasaresultoftheirsharedpassionforhanfu.JunoftensharesherhanfucladadventuresonDouyin,whereshehasgathereda60,000strongfollowing.Asherreputationasahighflyinghanfumodelgrew,shestartedcollaboratingwithmuseumsinChinaandparticipatinginarangeofevents.ButJunalsowarnedthatwiththepopularityofhanfueventsandtherisingnumberofenthusiastswhowanttojointhemovement,somemerchantshavefueledunfairpetitionbysellingpoorqualityhanfugarmentsathighprices.Thesedays,makingsureyougetyourmoney’sworthrequiresagooddealofknowledge.ThehanfumovementisamongthemostsignificantcurrentsinthecontemporaryyoungChineseculturalnarrative.TheyhavebroughtasenseofprideandChineseaestheticstosocialmedia,whereoverseasChinese,too,canexpresstheirheritage.Psychologicallyandculturally,thehanfumovementisplayingamajorroleinshapingthenewgenerationofyoungChinese,blendingmodernitywithtradition.ItisnothingshortofremarkabletoseeChina’sGenZsingtogethertoembraceandcelebratetheircustoms.Althoughthefuturepathofthehanfumovementhasyettounveilitself,it’ssurelyaphenomenonworthmonitoring.TherevivalofChineseculturehasgainedforceandshowsnosignsofslowingdownanytimesoon.12．Whatcontributestotherevivalofhanfu?A．Thebrands’desireformoreprofit.B．Theexperts’advocacyofpatriotism.C．Theyouth’srecognitionoftraditionalculture.D．TheeconomicdevelopmentofHanethnicgroup.13．WhatdoweknowaboutJun?A．Sheisexpertinhandmadeproducts.B．Shegainedpopularityforheradventures.C．Shecooperatedwithmuseumsforherreputation.D．Sheexpandedhersocialcirclethankstoherpassion.14．WhatisJun’sattitudetowardsthecurrenthanfumovement?A．Disapproval. B．Objective. C．Suspicious. D．Defensive.15．WhatisthemainideaofParagraph5?A．Thefutureprospectofthehanfumovement.B．Thegreatsignificanceofthehanfumovement.C．Thepotentialrisksingwiththehanfumovement.D．TheGenZs’qualityreflectedbythehanfumovement.【答案】12．C13．D14．B15．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汉服运动在中国年轻人中兴起的现象及其对文化传承的重要意义，强调了青年一代对传统文化的认同与自豪感。12．细节理解题。根据第二段的“ManyChineseGenZshaveetorealizethatfashionisnotexclusivetoWesternstyles;theyhavealsorecognizedtheallureandappealoftheirowntraditionalgarments.(许多中国Z世代已经意识到，时尚并不是西方风格的专属；他们也认识到了自己传统服装的吸引力和吸引力)”可知，年轻一代开始意识到传统服饰的魅力，对传统文化的认可促进了汉服的复兴。故选C。13．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Shealsonotedthatmanyofherclosefriendstodayhadenteredherlifeasaresultoftheirsharedpassionforhanfu.(她还指出，她今天的许多密友都是因为对汉服的共同热爱而进入她的生活的)”可知，因为对汉服的热爱，Jun的社交圈子得以扩大。故选D。14．推理判断题。根据第四段的“Asherreputationasahighflyinghanfumodelgrew,shestartedcollaboratingwithmuseumsinChinaandparticipatinginarangeofevents.ButJunalsowarnedthatwiththepopularityofhanfueventsandtherisingnumberofenthusiastswhowanttojointhemovement,somemerchantshavefueledunfairpetitionbysellingpoorqualityhanfugarmentsathighprices.(随着她作为一名出色的汉服模特的名声越来越大，她开始与中国的博物馆合作，并参加了一系列活动。但Jun也警告说，随着汉服活动的流行和想加入这场运动的爱好者人数的增加，一些商家以高价出售劣质汉服，加剧了不公平竞争)”可知，Jun既提到汉服运动带来的正面影响，如与博物馆合作参与活动，也提到了存在的问题，如不良商家高价销售劣质汉服，表明她持有客观的态度。故选B。15．主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“ThehanfumovementisamongthemostsignificantcurrentsinthecontemporaryyoungChineseculturalnarrative.TheyhavebroughtasenseofprideandChineseaestheticstosocialmedia,whereoverseasChinese,too,canexpresstheirheritage.(汉服运动是当代中国青年文化叙事中最重要的潮流之一。他们为社交媒体带来了自豪感和中国美学，海外华人也可以在社交媒体上表达他们的传统)”以及全段可知，第五段阐述了汉服运动在当代中国文化叙事中的重要地位，提到它在心理和文化层面对塑造融合现代与传统的年轻一代所起的作用，以及对中国Z世代团结起来拥抱和庆祝自己习俗的现象表示肯定，整体强调了汉服运动的重大意义。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（2024·黑龙江吉林·模拟预测）WhocanimaginelifetodaywithoutanAutomatedTellerMachine(ATM)?Theyareavailableinconsiderablenumbersthroughouttheworld.ThefirstATMwasthebrainchildofanenterprisingTurkishAmericaninventorLutherGeorgeSimjian.Whentheideaofanautomatedbankingmachinestruckhim,heregistered20patentsbeforeanybankagreedtogiveitatrialrun.Itiseasytoassumethattheinventorofsuchapopularmachinewaslaughingallthewaytothebank.16WithinsixmonthsofitsoperationinNewYorkin1939,thedevicewasremovedduetolackofcustomeracceptance.Itwasnotuntil1967,nearly30yearslater,thatBarclaysBank,inacarefullaunch,rolledoutaselfservicemachineinLondon,England,whichprovedsuccessful.17Thefirstcashmachinereliedoncustomers’useofprepaidtokens(代币)togetenvelopeswithafixedamountofcashinside.18Thebanks’principlewasseeminglycustomerservice.Butitwouldbefoolishtominimizethemanyadvantagesthatcashmachinesprovidedtothebanksthemselves.Bythelate1970s,thehighestfixedcostfortheaveragelargebankwasitsbranches.Thegreatestvariablecostandlosstoprofitswereitsstaff.Bankaccountsswiftlyrecognizedthatselfserviceoperationscouldreducebankbranchstaffcostby70percent.ExpertsquicklydeterminedthatpublicacceptanceofATMscountedonconvenience,simplicity,speed,securityandtrust.19Formaximumefficiency,ATMshadtobelocatednearpublictransportorinashoppingmall,notatabranch.Thebusierandmorecrowdedthelocation,obviously,thebetter.Now,roughly75percentofallcashprovidedbybankstotheircustomersesfromcashmachines.20.Publicacceptanceofdeposits(存款)bymachinewassignificantlyslowerthancustomers’usageofATMsforwithdrawals.Ingeneral,itseemsthatcustomerssometimesstillpreferandtrustanoverthecountertransaction(交易)fordeposits.A．Location,inparticular,wasakeyfactor.B．Hiscashmachine,however,didn’tprovedurable.C．Thedevicewasrelativelyprimitive,atleastbytoday’sstandards.D．However,cashmachinesposedsomeinteresting,unansweredquestions.E．Aninterestingfactorwastheissueofbiostatisticsforcustomeridentification.F．Devicesoriginallydismissedbythepublicarenowrecognizedasessentialinstitutions.G．Soonafterwards,manyotherbanksbecameadmittedlychampionsofthecashmachine.【答案】16．B17．C18．G19．A20．F【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了自动取款机(ATM)的发展历程和其在现代生活中的重要性。16．根据上文“Itiseasytoassumethattheinventorofsuchapopularmachinewaslaughingallthewaytothebank.(人们很容易认为，这样一台受欢迎机器的发明者一定赚得盆满钵满)”和下文“WithinsixmonthsofitsoperationinNewYorkin1939,thedevicewasremovedduetolackofcustomeracceptance.(1939年，该设备在纽约运行了六个月后，由于缺乏客户接受，该设备被拆除)”可知，上下文有转折关系，B项“Hiscashmachine,however,didn’tprovedurable.(然而，他的取款机并没有经受住时间的考验)”承上启下，说明设想和现实有差距，引出下文第一台取款机的真实命运，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。17．下文“Thefirstcashmachinereliedoncustomers’useofprepaidtokens(代币)togetenvelopeswithafixedamountofcashinside.(第一台自动取款机依靠顾客使用预付代币来获得装有固定数量现金的信封)”介绍了第一台自动取款机的工作原理：用预付代币来换取现金信封，是对C项“Thedevicewasrelativelyprimitive,atleastbytoday’sstandards.(这个装置相对来说比较原始，至少以今天的标准来看是这样)”的说明，说明第一台自动取款机比较原始的工作原理，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。18．下文“Thebanks’principlewasseeminglycustomerservice.Butitwouldbefoolishtominimizethemanyadvantagesthatcashmachinesprovidedtothebanksthemselves.Bythelate1970s,thehighestfixedcostfortheaveragelargebankwasitsbranches.Thegreatestvariablecostandlosstoprofitswereitsstaff.Bankaccountsswiftlyrecognizedthatselfserviceoperationscouldreducebankbranchstaffcostby70percent.(银行的原则似乎是客户服务。但是，低估自动取款机给银行自身带来的诸多好处是愚蠢的。到20世纪70年代末，大型银行的平均固定成本最高的是其分支机构。最大的可变成本和利润损失是它的员工。银行账户很快意识到，自助服务可以将银行分行的员工成本降低70%)”说明了自动取款机给银行带来的诸多好处，解释了G项“Soonafterwards,manyotherbanksbecameadmittedlychampionsofthecashmachine.(不久之后，许多其他银行成为公认的自动提款机的拥护者)”中描述的这一现象，许多银行为了获益开始使用自动提款机，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。19．下文“Formaximumefficiency,ATMshadtobelocatednearpublictransportorinashoppingmall,notatabranch.Thebusierandmorecrowdedthelocation,obviously,thebetter.(为了最大限度地提高效率，自动取款机必须设在公共交通附近或购物中心，而不是在分行。显然，地点越繁忙、越拥挤越好)”指出自动取款机需要设在公共交通附近或购物中心，是对A项“Location,inparticular,wasakeyfactor.(尤其是地理位置，是一个关键因素)”的举例说明，说明地理位置的重要作用。故选A项。20．上文“Now,roughly75percentofallcashprovidedbybankstotheircustomersesfromcashmachines.(现在，银行提供给客户的现金中，大约75%来自自动取款机)”谈及自动取款机的普及和广泛使用，F项“Devicesoriginallydismissedbythepublicarenowrecognizedasessentialinstitutions.(最初被公众忽视的设备现在被认为是不可或缺的设施)”承接上文，总结自动取款机命运的变化，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（2024·安徽合肥·三模）Itwasinthecoldmidwinter,andthehomelesscouplestruggledthroughthenightsnow,seekingshelter.Thefathertobe21theroadsideforsomeplacewherehisstruggling22mightrestsafelyforthenight.ThatDecembernight,GusKiebel,acountywildlifeofficer,wasdrivinghomefromworkwhenhe23thepairintheflashofhisheadlights.Heparkedhistruckand24theanimals.Gus25outhishandstothebeagles(比格犬),whichmadenoefforttoescape.Then,heplacedthedogsinhistruck.Gus26hisphone,tookapictureofthepairandsentittohiswife,KatieKiebelbeforecallingKatie.“Youcannotputthem27inthesnow,”shesaid.“Bringthemhome.”TheKiebelspreparedabedforthedogsontheirwarmhome,wherethe28animalslaytogether.However,alreadyhavingadog,theKiebelscouldn’t29tokeepnewones.Thenextday,Katietookthedogstotheshelter—ononecondition.“I’mnot30thedogsovertoyouifyou’regoingtoseparatethem,”shesaid.Theshelterworkerspromisedtokeepthecoupletogether.SoonafterChristmas,thebeagleswere31—asa32,toalovingfamily.It’sasimplestory,butitspeakstothe33ofournature.Andwhen34andlovetriumphovercrueltyandneglect,itcanfeellikethegreatest35ofall.21．A．looked B．headed C．searched D．figured22．A．panion B．pany C．friend D．effort23．A．scared B．attracted C．appealed D．spotted24．A．scared B．approached C．attracted D．appealed25．A．put B．laid C．made D．stretched26．A．broughtup B．tookout C．warmedup D．putdown27．A．down B．up C．back D．aside28．A．disappointed B．lovely C．unparalleled D．exhausted29．A．afford B．offend C．intend D．succeed30．A．turning B．driving C．signing D．giving31．A．weled B．received C．adopted D．presented32．A．pet B．pair C．family D．reward33．A．bottom B．basis C．fundamental D．best34．A．kindness B．curiosity C．generosity D．patience35．A．achievement B．miracle C．career D．job【答案】21．C22．A23．D24．B25．D26．B27．C28．D29．A30．C31．C32．B33．D34．A35．B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是在寒冷的冬夜，县野生动物官员GusKiebel发现了一对无家可归的比格犬，后来他和他的妻子凯蒂为这对狗狗提供了温暖和庇护。21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位准父亲在路边寻找让他苦苦挣扎的同伴可以安全地过夜的地方。A.looked看；B.headed朝（某方向）行进；C.searched搜索，在（某地）搜寻；D.figured认为，估计。结合上文“seekingshelter”可知，他在寻找一个可以休息的地方。故选C。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位准父亲在路边寻找让他苦苦挣扎的同伴可以安全地过夜的地方。A.panion同伴，伴侣；B.pany公司；C.friend朋友；D.effort努力。根据上文“thehomelesscouple”可知，这位准爸爸是给自己的伴侣寻找过夜的地方。故选A。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个12月的晚上，县野生动物官员GusKiebel下班开车回家时，在车灯的闪烁下发现了这一对。A.scared使害怕；B.attracted吸引；C.appealed呼吁；D.spotted发现。根据下文“thepairintheflashofhisheadlights”可知，GusKiebel是在闪烁的车灯下发现了这两只动物。故选D。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他停好卡车，走近动物们。A.scared使害怕；B.approached接近；C.attracted吸引；D.appealed呼吁。根据下文“outhishandstothebeagles(比格犬),whichmadenoefforttoescape”可知，Gus是下车接近这两只动物。故选B。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gus向比格犬们伸出手，比格犬们没有试图逃跑。A.put放；B.laid放置；C.made制作；D.stretched伸出。根据下文“outhishandstothebeagles”以及“Then,heplacedthedogsinhistruck.”可知，Gus向比格犬伸出手。故选D。26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Gus拿出，给这一对拍了张照片，发给了他的妻子KatieKiebel，然后给Katie打。A.broughtup抚养成人；B.tookout拿出；C.warmedup温暖；D.putdown放下。根据下文“tookapictureofthepairandsentittohiswife”可知，Gus是拿出给这两只比格犬拍了照片，并发送给妻子。故选B。27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：你不能把它们放回雪地里。A.down朝下，向下；B.up向上；C.back向后，回原处；D.aside在旁边。根据上文“Then,heplacedthedogsinhistruck.”可知，Gus已经把狗放在他的卡车里，结合空后“inthesnow”以及下文“Bringthemhome”可知，他的妻子的意思是不能把动物再放回雪地里，叫他把动物带回家。故选C。28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Kiebel夫妇在温暖的家里为狗狗们准备了一张床，让筋疲力尽的狗狗们躺在一起。A.disappointed失望的；B.lovely可爱的；C.unparalleled无与伦比的；D.exhausted筋疲力尽的。根据第一段中“Itwasinthecoldmidwinter,andthehomelesscouplestruggledthroughthenightsnow,seekingshelter.”可知，在寒冷的冬夜，这一对动物在雪地里跋涉寻找栖身之所，已经筋疲力尽了。故选D。29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，Kiebel一家已经有了一只狗，他们负担不起再养一只新的。A.afford负担得起；B.offend冒犯；C.intend打算；D.succeed成功。根据上文“However,alreadyhavingadog”可知，因为他家已经有一只狗了，所以负担不起再养一只。故选A。30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你要把狗分开，我是不会把它们交给你的。A.turning转向；B.driving开车；C.signing签名，签字；D.giving给。根据下文“ifyou’regoingtoseparatethem”可知，Katie是意思是如果庇护所要把它们俩分开，她就不把狗给庇护所，也就是她不会签字同意把狗给庇护所。固定搭配signsthover(tosb)意为“签字转让（权利或财产）”符合语境。故选C。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：圣诞节后不久，这对比格犬被收养了——作为一对，被一个充满爱的家庭收养。A.weled欢迎；B.received收到；C.adopted收养；D.presented呈现。根据下文“toalovingfamily”可知，那对比格犬被人收养了。故选C。32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：圣诞节后不久，这对比格犬被收养了——作为一对，被一个充满爱的家庭收养。A.pet宠物；B.pair一对；C.family家人；D.reward回报。根据上文“Theshelterworkerspromisedtokeepthecoupletogether”可知，庇护所的工作人员没有分开它们俩，所以它们作为一对，一起被收养。故选B。33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个简单的故事，但它道出了我们本性中最美好的一面。A.bottom底部；B.basis基础；C.fundamental基本原则；D.best最好的事物。根据上文讲述的Gus把比格犬带回家、并送到庇护所的善举以及下文“lovetriumphovercrueltyandneglect”可知，这个故事道出了我们本性中最美好的一面。故选D。34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当善良和爱战胜残酷和忽视时，感觉就像最伟大的奇迹。A.kindness善良；B.curiosity好奇心；C.generosity慷慨；D.patience耐心。根据下文“andlovetriumphovercrueltyandneglect”和上文Gus把比格犬带回家、并送到庇护所的善举可知，此处表示“当善良和爱战胜残酷和忽视时，感觉就像最伟大的奇迹”。故选A。35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当善良和爱战胜残酷和忽视时，感觉就像最伟大的奇迹。A.achievement成就；B.miracle奇迹；C.career职业生涯；D.job工作。根据上文“lovetriumphovercrueltyandneglect,itcanfeellikethegreatest”可知，当善良和爱战胜残酷和忽视时，感觉就像最伟大的奇迹。故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2024·湖南长沙·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Putianwoodcarving,oneofthefourwellknown36(category)oftheartofChinesewoodcarving,originatedintheTangandSongDynasties.37(serve)