江苏省南京市联合体八年级下学期期末英语试题

202220238B期末卷联合体一、听力(15’)略二、单项选择(1’*15=15’)1.Whatdoesthispublicsignwanttotellus?A.Tobepatientbecauseofthewetfloor.B.Tobecarefulbecauseofthewetfloor.CToskateslowlybecauseofthewetfloor.D.Towalkquicklybecauseofthewetfloor.【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：这个公共标志想告诉我们什么？考查常识。Tobepatientbecauseofthewetfloor地面湿滑，耐心一点；Tobecarefulbecauseofthewetfloor地面湿滑，小心一点；Toskateslowlybecauseofthewetfloor地面湿滑，慢点滑冰；Towalkquicklybecauseofthewetfloor地面湿滑，走快一点。根据标志可知，地面湿滑，要小心防摔，所以B项符合。故选B。2.Itiskind________theyoungmantodonatebloodtopeopleinneed.A.of B.for C.to D.with【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：这个年轻人为有需要的人献血是很善良的。考查it的固定用法和介词辨析。of……的；for为了；to对；with有。结合“donatebloodtopeopleinneed”可知，此处指献血的行为很好，应用“itiskindofsb.todosth.”意为“某人做某事……”，表示人的品质。故选A。3.Makefullpreparationbeforeeachexam,andyouwillbe________whentakingit.A.proud B.honest C.clever D.confident【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：每次考试前做好充分的准备，那么你参加考试时就会有信心。考查形容词辨析。proud自豪的；honest诚实的；clever聪明的；confident自信的。根据“Makefullpreparationbeforeeachexam”可知，考试前做好充足的准备，考试时会是“自信的”。故选D。4.Zibo,acityinShandongProvince,________foritsspecialbarbecuesincelateFebruarythisyear.A.isfamous B.wasfamousC.willbefamous D.hasbeenfamous【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：山东省淄博市自今年2月下旬以来就以其特色烧烤而闻名。考查时态。根据“sincelateFebruarythisyear”可知，句子时态为现在完成时。故选D。5.Successdoesn’tonly________whatyoudo.Whatyoudon’tdoisequallyimportant.A.liveon B.holdon C.dependon D.carryon【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：成功不仅仅取决于你做了什么。你不做的事情也同样重要。考查动词短语辨析。liveon以……为生；holdon坚持，稍后，别挂断（）；dependon依靠，取决于；carryon进行。根据“Whatyoudon’tdoisequallyimportant.”可知，此处是指成功不能仅依靠你做了什么，没做的事情也很重要。故选C。6.—I’mgoingtotaketheexamtomorrow.—Takeiteasy.Ifyouare________,youwillgetagoodresult.A.toocareful B.toocarelessC.carefulenough D.carelessenough【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——我明天要参加考试。——别紧张。如果你足够细心，你会取得好成绩的。考查副词的位置及形容词辨析。careful仔细的；careless粗心的。根据“Ifyouare…,youwillgetagoodresult.”可知，足够仔细的话就会取得好的结果，enough修饰形容词时需后置。故选C。7.SlamDunkmovie________hotlyamongmoviefanswhenitwasshownincinemastwomonthsago.A.discussed B.wasdiscussedC.willdiscuss D.willbediscussed【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：《灌篮高手》这部电影两个月前在影院上映时就引起了影迷们的热议。考查被动语态。主语“SlamDunkmovie”与动词“discuss”是动宾关系，结合“twomonthsago”可知此处是一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。8.—Mum,couldyoubuymeanewsmartphoneafterthefinalexam?—What?Yoursmartphoneisstillingood________.A.condition B.introduction C.operation D.conversation【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——妈妈，期末考试后你能给我买个新的智能吗？——什么？你的智能仍然状况良好。考查名词辨析。condition状况；introduction介绍；operation操作；conversation对话。根据“Yoursmartphoneisstillingood”可知，此处固定短语ingoodcondition“状况良好”。故选A。9.Millie’sfavouritecityisNanjingandshe________thereseveraltimes.A.hasgone B.havegone C.hasbeen D.havebeen【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：Millie最喜爱的城市是南京。她去了好几次了。考查现在完成时的基本用法。have/hasgonethere的意思是“已经去那里了”，可能已到，也可能在路上；have/hasbeenthere的意思是“曾去过那里”，或“去过那几次”。根据句中severaltimes可以排除A和B。句子主语是she，助动词用has。故选C。10.—CanItakeaphotoofthispainting?—Sorry.It’snot________.A.advised B.allowed C.avoided D.afforded【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——我能给这幅画拍照吗？——很抱歉。这是不允许的。考查动词词义辨析。advised建议；allowed允许；avoided避免；afforded买得起。根据“CanItakeaphotoofthispainting?”以及“Sorry.”可知，此处指不允许拍照。故选B。11.—Tom,didyouhaveagoodmeal?—Yes,thankyou.Thelunchwasexcellent,________tomatoeswithfriedeggs.A.mostly B.mainly C.usually D.especially【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：——汤姆，你吃得好吗？——是的，谢谢你。午餐棒极了，尤其是西红柿炒鸡蛋。考查副词辨析。mostly主要地；mainly主要地；usually通常；especially尤其。根据“Thelunchwasexcellent,…tomatoeswithfriedeggs.”可知，此处表示“尤其，特别”，especially符合题意。故选D。12.Lookatthetextinthebox.Thewriterorganizesideas________.Myfavouriteoutdoorplaceismygrandma’sgarden.Ilikeitbecausetherearelotsoftreesandflowers.Itisaquietgarden.Ioftensitundermyfavouriteappletreeandlistentothebirds.A.intimeorder B.inspaceorderC.fromgeneraltospecific D.fromspecifictogeneral【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：看看方框里的文字。作者从抽象到具体来组织思想。我最喜欢的户外场所是我奶奶的花园。我喜欢它，因为那里有很多树和花。这是一个安静的花园。我经常坐在我最喜欢的苹果树下听鸟叫声。考查常识。intimeorder时间顺序；inspaceorder空间顺序；fromgeneraltospecific从抽象到具体；fromspecifictogeneral从具体到抽象。根据方框中的内容可知，作者先讲整体再讲具体。故选C。13.Myparentsofferedmethemoney.________,Icouldn’thaveaffordedthetrip.A.Otherwise B.Anyway C.However D.Moreover【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：我的父母给了我钱。否则，我负担不起这次旅行。考查副词辨析。Otherwise否则；Anyway无论如何；However然而；Moreover此外。根据“Myparentsofferedmethemoney.”可知，此处表示“否则，我负担不起这次旅行”，Otherwise符合题意。故选A。14.Howshouldyouaddthecorrectpunctuationmarkstothefollowingsentence?A.I’mproudtohelppeopleseeagain,saysDrMa.B.I’mproudtohelppeopleseeagain,saysDrMa?C.“I’mproudtohelppeopleseeagain,”saysDrMa.D.“I’mproudtohelppeopleseeagain”,saysDrMa.【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：如何在下面的句子中添加正确的标点符号？考查常识。I’mproudtohelppeopleseeagain帮助他人重获光明，我感到非常自豪，这是马医生说的原话，故要用引号，排除A和B。引文包括标点符号逗号，所以逗号也应该在引号里面。故选C。15.—Nobodywillbeeaherowithoutthehelpofothers.—Iagree.________.A.Nopain,nogain B.OnetreecannotmakeaforestC.Everydoghasitsday D.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——没有别人的帮助，没有人会成为英雄。——对的。独木不能成林。考查谚语。Nopain,nogain不劳无获；Onetreecannotmakeaforest独木不能成林；Everydoghasitsday凡人皆有得意日；Theearlybirdcatchestheworm早起的鸟儿有虫吃。根据“Nobodywillbeeaherowithoutthehelpofothers.”可知，这里应该用“独木不成林”比较符合语境。故选B。三、完形填空(1’*10=10’)Hi,everyone!TodayIamtalkingabouttablemanners.Tablemannersareallthe____16____weshouldfollowwhenweareeatingwithotherpeople.Myparentstoldmenottoputtoomuchfoodinmymouth,____17____theytoldmenottoputtheknifeinmymouthorlickit.Thisisaboutsafetyaswellasmanners.Ihateitwhenpeopletalkwithfoodintheirmouths.ThereisonethingIhateevenmore.It’swhenpeople____18____aboutthefoodtheyareeatingwhiletheyarestilleatingit.Thenextimportantruleisthatifyoudon’teatsomething,thenyouneedtotellthehost.Don’twaituntilyouarrive,oreveryonemighthavean____19____time.Ifyouforgettotellthehostbeforehand,thenyouneedtoeatwhatyouaregiven.It’sokayifyoudonotwanttea,coffeeoranotherdrinkthatis____20____.Butdon’tturnyourcupoverorputyourhandoverthetop.Justtellwhoeverisservingthatyoudonotwantit.Animportantruleisthatifyoucannot____21____something,youshouldaskforit.Soweoftenhavetopassfoodandplatesaround.Theyshouldbepassedaroundthetabletotheright.Ifyouarepassedsomethingthatyoudonotwant,thenyoushould____22____passingiton.Don’tjustputitdown.Platesshouldbetakenawayonlywhen____23____atthetablehasfinishedeating.Youshouldputyourknifeandforktogetherpointingupfromthebottomoftheplate.Theneveryoneknowsyouhavefinished.Takecarenottoleaveamealtooearly.Thatlooksasifyouonlycameforthemealandnotthe____24____.Onethingthathappensalltoooftenisthatpeopleforgettosay“thankyou”.Makesureyou____25____yourhostwhenyouleave.Alsosendatextoranemailafterthemeal.Ahandwrittenthankyounotewillshowyoureallyhavemanners!16.A.laws B.rules C.senses D.messages17.A.and B.but C.or D.so18.A.talk B.care C.agree D.plain19.A.unusual B.excellent C.enjoyable D.unfortable20.A.offered B.needed C.limited D.finished21.A.avoid B.reach C.afford D.choose22.A.keep B.risk C.stop D.remember23.A.someone B.anyone C.everyone D.noone24.A.food B.drink C.event D.culture25.A.treat B.thank C.greet D.invite【答案】16.B17.A18.D19.D20.A21.B22.A23.C24.C25.B【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了一些餐桌礼仪。【16题详解】句意：餐桌礼仪是我们和别人一起吃饭时应该遵守的所有规则。laws法律；rules规则；senses感觉；messages信息。根据“weshouldfollowwhenweareeatingwithotherpeople”可知，餐桌礼仪是我们和别人一起吃饭时应该遵守的所有规则。故选B。【17题详解】句意：我的父母告诉我不要把太多的食物放在嘴里，并且他们告诉我不要把刀放在嘴里或舔它。and并且；but但是；or或者；so所以。根据“Myparentstoldmenottoputtoomuchfoodinmymouth...theytoldmenottoputtheknifeinmymouthorlickit”可知，空格前后为并列关系，故应用and。故选A。【18题详解】句意：就是人们一边吃一边抱怨他们正在吃的食物。talk谈论；care在意；agree同意；plain抱怨。根据“ThereisonethingIhateevenmore.It’swhenpeople...aboutthefoodtheyareeatingwhiletheyarestilleatingit.”可知，我非常讨厌人们一边抱怨他们吃的食物，一边仍然在吃它。故选D。【19题详解】句意：不要等到你到达后，否则每个人都可能会有一段不舒服的时光。unusual不同寻常的；excellent极好的；enjoyable享受的；unfortable不舒服的。根据“Don’twaituntilyouarrive”可知，如果到了才说自己不吃某些食物，这可能会让大家感到不舒服。故选D。【20题详解】句意：如果你不想喝提供的茶、咖啡或其他饮料，也没关系。offered提供；needed需要；limited限制；finished完成。根据“It’sokayifyoudonotwanttea,coffeeoranotherdrinkthatis”可知，这些饮料应该是被提供。故选A。【21题详解】句意：一个重要的规则是，如果你够不到某个东西，你应该提出请求。avoid避免；reach能够到；afford负担得起；choose选择。根据“youshouldaskforit”可知，如果够不到某个东西，要提出请求。故选B。【22题详解】句意：如果你被传递了一些你不想要的东西，那么你应该继续传递下去。keep保持；risk冒险；stop停止；remember记住。根据“Don’tjustputitdown”可知，是要继续传下去。故选A。【23题详解】句意：盘子只有在餐桌上的每个人都吃完后才能收走。someone某人；anyone任何人；everyone每人，所有人；noone没有人。根据“Platesshouldbetakenawayonlywhen...atthetablehasfinishedeating.”可知，所有人都吃完后才能收走盘子。故选C。【24题详解】句意：看起来你只是来吃饭而不是来参加活动的food食物；drink饮料；event活动；culture文化。根据“Takecarenottoleaveamealtooearly.Thatlooksasifyouonlycameforthemealandnotthe”可知，用餐时注意不要太早离开。这看起来你只是来吃饭而不是来参加活动的。故选C。【25题详解】句意：离开的时候一定要感谢主人。treat招待；thank感谢；greet打招呼；invite邀请。根据“Onethingthathappensalltoooftenisthatpeopleforgettosay‘thankyou’”可知，离开时要感谢主人。故选B。四、阅读理解(1’*10=10’)A文MsMendel’sclassarecarryingoutexperiments(实验)onthegrowthofgreenplants.Experiment1Danielplantedtwoplants.PlantAwasplacedinthesun,andPlantBwasplacedinthecloset(储藏室).Bothplantsreceivedthesameamountofwater.Experiment2Sarah’smothergaveheraplant.Sheplacedtheplantinthesun.26.Inthefirstexperiment,PlantBdiedoneweeklaterbecausetheplant________.A.islargerthanPlantA B.issmallerthanPlantAC.didnotgetenoughwater D.didnotgetenoughsunlight27.Sarah’splantdiedtwoweekslaterbecausetheplant________.A.didnotgetenoughair B.didnotgetenoughwaterC.didnotreceiveenoughsunlight D.usedupalltheplantfoodinthesoil28.Whatcanwelearnfromtheexperiments?A.Noplantcanliveformorethantwoweeks.B.Theplantscanlivewithoutwaterorsunlight.C.Aclosetisawonderfulplaceformostplantstolive.D.Sunlightandwaterareimportantforthegrowthofplants.【答案】26.D27.B28.D【解析】【导语】本文通过Daniel和Sarah在不同环境中种植植物的实验结果得出结论：阳光和水对植物的生长很重要。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文中“PlantAwasplacedinthesun,andPlantBwasplacedinthecloset.Bothplantsreceivedthesameamountofwater.”植物A放在阳光下，植物B放在壁橱里，两种植物都接受了相同数量的水；可知，植物B在一周后死亡，因为植物没有得到足够的阳光。故选D。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据文中“Sarah’smothergaveheraplant.Sheplacedtheplantinthesun….Afteradry,hotperiodoftwoweeks”萨拉把植物放在阳光下，经过两周的干、热期；可知，两周后，萨拉的植物因为没有得到足够的水而死亡。故选B。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据文中“andPlantBwasplacedinthecloset.Bothplantsreceivedthesameamountofwater…Sheplacedtheplantinthesun….Afteradry,hotperiodoftwoweeks”植物B因为没有得到足够阳光在一周后死亡，萨拉的植物在阳光下没有得到足够的水而死亡；可知，阳光和水对植物的生长很重要。故选D。B文Ithadbeenacrazydayatschool.Jordanwalkedinandslidhisbackpackoffhisshoulder.Hecollapsed(瘫倒)inachairanddrankupaglassofmilk.“Passthecookies,”saidJordan.“Please,”insistedMom.“PLEASEpassthecookies,”repeatedJordan.“IwishIneverhadtoworryaboutmanners.”“Interesting,”saidMomasshelefttheroom.Thenextmorningatbreakfast,Jordansatdowntoaplateofbaconandeggs.“Yum!”saidJordan,andhepiledthepancakesonhisplate.Suddenly,DanreachedoverandgrabbedthepancakesrightoffofJordan’splate.Jordanwasstunned(惊愕的).Hewaswonderingwhathadhappenedtothe“please”.Jordannoticedablackcloudcoveringhisdad’sface.“Somethingstrangeisgoingon!”mutteredJordan.Afewsecondslater,Momdownedaglassoforangejuiceandburped(打嗝)loudly.Jordanwasflabbergasted.Thatwassounlikehismom.Ablackcloudcoveredherfaceaswell.Jordanknewforsurethatsomethingwaswrongwithalltheadultsinhisworldwhenheshowedupatschoolthenextdayandhisteachershoved(猛推)hiswaythroughline,cuttinginfrontofabunchofteachers.Theotherteacherslookeddisgusted,andJordanwatchedasanotherblackcloudfloatedupinfrontofhisteacher.“PoorMr.Smith,”thoughtJordan.“Ifonlyhewouldremembertousehismanners!”Jordanstoppedfreshinhistracks.“Waitaminute,”hethought.“Isoundjustlikeanadult.Whatisgoingon?”29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“flabbergasted”mean?A.Surprised. B.Glad. C.Lonely. D.Afraid.30.Whatcanweinferfromthestory?A.Jordanwasexcitedtoliveinhisworldwithoutmanners.B.Atthebeginningofthestory,Jordanbehavedwellathome.C.Ablackcloudcoveredaperson’sfacewhentheyforgottousemanners.D.Jordan’sparentsdidn’tusemannersbecausetheyweretiredofusingmanners.31.HowmayJordanbehaveinthefuture?A.Jordanmaybehaveaswellasbefore. B.Jordanmaybehavebetterthanbefore.C.Jordanmaybehaveasbadlyasbefore. D.Jordanmaybehaveworsethanbefore.【答案】29.A30.C31.B【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了乔丹学会礼仪的重要性的过程。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据“Momdownedaglassoforangejuiceandburpedloudly.Jordanwasflabbergasted.Thatwassounlikehismom.”可知，乔丹看到妈妈喝橙汁时不注意礼仪，那看起来不像他的妈妈，可推测他非常吃惊。故选A。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据“Afewsecondslater,Momdownedaglassoforangejuiceandburpedloudly...Ablackcloudcoveredherfaceaswell.”和“histeachershovedhiswaythroughline,cuttinginfrontofabunchofteachers.Theotherteacherslookeddisgusted,andJordanwatchedasanotherblackcloudfloatedupinfrontofhisteacher.”可推知当一个人忘记使用礼貌时，一片乌云就会遮住他的脸。故选C。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据“hethought.‘Isoundjustlikeanadult.Whatisgoingon?’”可知，乔丹后来意识到自己也开始像成年人一样不注意礼仪，开始思考发生了什么事情。推知他明白了礼仪的重要性，以后会注意礼仪的。故选B。C文Duringworkhours,amongthesoundsofmachines,thekitchenofBach’sBakery(面包房)isespeciallytidyandquiet,notbecauseofanyrulesagainsttalkingduringworkhours,butbecausealloftheworkershaveahearingdisability.Theyarehardworkingandprofessionalintheirwork,andusesighlanguagetomunicatewitheachotherfromtimetotime.Bach’sBakeryliesinChangshaCity,HunanProvince.ItisrunbyaGermancouple,UweBrutzerandhiswifeDorotheeBrutzer,whostartedituptenyearsagowiththepurposeofprovidingmorejobsforthosedisabledintheneighborhood.Sofar,Bach’sBakeryhastrainedaround30hearingdisabledpeople.Whilesomeskilledworkersfoundjobsinotherbakeriesandhotelsandhavebeenabletoliveontheirown,severalofthemhavestayedtoworkatthebakeryaftertheypletedthetraining.TheBrutzers’workhaswonthesupportofmanypeopleinChina.Withthespreadofnewsaboutthebakery,manyInternetuserslearnedaboutBach’sBakeryanditsinspiring(鼓舞人心的)story.Asaresult,manylocalpeopleinChangshaaswellasvisitorsfromotherpartsofthecountryetobuytheirproducts.Uwesaidthatpublicattentionhasencouraged(鼓励)themalotandhelpedgrowthebakery’sbusiness,resultinginworkersgettinghigherpay.However,whathevalues(珍惜)moreisthat,throughmedia(媒体)reports,morepeoplehaveetounderstandthatdisabledpeoplecanworkaswellasotherpeoplewhentheyaregivenchances.Now,astheyarepreparingtoreturntoGermany,theyhavefoundaGermancoupleteachinginChinaasthenewmanagers,andhandedoverthebakerytoapublicwelfare(福利)organization.Theirwishistocontinueprovidingfreetrainingforthehearingdisabledandthatthebakerywillneverbechangedintoashopwithmoneymakingasitsmaingoal.32.TheworkersinBach’sBakeryusesignlanguagebecause______.A.machinesmaketoomuchnoiseB.theirbossdoesn’tallowthemtotalkC.theycan’tmunicateinspokenwordsD.heavyworkkeepsthemtoobusytospeak33.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2?A.Bach’sBakeryhasmorethan30workersnow.B.Bach’sBakeryhelpsitsworkersliveindependently.C.Bach’sBakeryalsooffersjobstopeopleoutsideHunan.D.Bach’sBakeryrequiresitsworkersnottoleaveaftertraining.34.InUwe’sopinion,thegreatestvalueofpublicattentionisthat______.A.disabledworkersarepaidmore B.hisshopbeesmorepopularC.thedisabledarebetterunderstood D.salesoftheirproductsgetstronger35.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ASilentBakery B.ASpecialWishC.TheSuccessoftheDisabled D.TheRulesofBach’sBakery【答案】32.C33.B34.C35.A【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了一个员工都是听力障碍者的面包房，它给这些残疾人提供了独立生活的机会。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据“butbecausealloftheworkershaveahearingdisability.Theyarehardworkingandprofessionalintheirwork,andusesighlanguagetomunicatewitheachotherfromtimetotime.”可知，他们用手语交流，因为他们都是听力障碍者，不能用口语交流。故选C。【33题详解】推理判断题。通读第二段内容并根据“Whilesomeskilledworkersfoundjobsinotherbakeriesandhotelsandhavebeenabletoliveontheirown,”可推知，巴赫面包店帮助员工独立生活。故选B。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据“However,whathevalues(珍惜)moreisthat,throughmedia(媒体)reports,morepeoplehaveetounderstandthatdisabledpeoplecanworkaswellasotherpeoplewhentheyaregivenchances.”可知，Uwe认为公众关注的最大价值在于残疾人得到了更好的理解。故选C。【35题详解】最佳标题题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一个员工都是听力障碍者的面包房，它给这些残疾人提供了独立生活的机会。故选项A“寂静的面包店”适合作为本文的标题。故选A。五、词汇(1’*15=15’)36.Theirhouseisvery________(类似的)toours,butoursisbigger.【答案】similar【解析】【详解】句意：他们的房子和我们的很相似，但我们的更大。根据汉语提示“类似的”可知，其对应的英文表达是similar。故填similar。37We________(设法完成)togettotheairportintimelastnight.【答案】managed【解析】【详解】句意：昨晚我们设法及时赶到了机场。设法完成：manage，动词；由“lastnight”可知，句子为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式。故填managed。38.Childrenmustbe________(警告)tostayawayfrommainroads.【答案】warned【解析】【详解】句意：必须警告儿童远离主要道路。警告：warn，动词；由“Childrenmustbe…tostayawayfrommainroads”可知，此处应用情态动词的被动语态，指孩子们被警告，其结构为：情态动词+be+done。故填warned。39.It’satenminute________(乘坐)onthebusfromheretothebank.【答案】ride【解析】【详解】句意：从这儿到银行乘公共汽车要十分钟。根据“atenminute”可知，空处应该填一个名词。结合单词汉语提示“乘坐”可知，其对应的英文表达是ride。故填ride。40.Thedoctorhasgivenmesome________(药)totakeformycough.【答案】medicine【解析】【详解】句意：医生给了我一些治咳嗽的药。根据汉语提示“药”可知，其对应的英文表达是medicine。故填medicine。41.Theboy________(粗心地)putthecupintheedgeofthetableanditfelloff.【答案】carelessly【解析】【详解】句意：男孩不小心把杯子放在桌子边上，杯子掉了下来。结合提示词可知，提示词“粗心地”的英文表达为carelessly，为副词，修饰动词put。故填carelessly。42.Thenewairportwillimprovethemunicationbetweenthe_______(岛屿).【答案】islands【解析】【详解】句意：新机场将改善岛屿之间的交流。island“岛屿”，根据“between”可知，是两者，所以用名词复数，故填islands。43.ChildreninChinamustreceive________(基础的)educationfromGrade1toGrade9.【答案】basic【解析】【详解】句意：中国的儿童必须接受从一年级到九年级的基础教育。basic“基础的”，形容词，作定语。故填basic。44.Itisverysad________(see)litterinpublicplaces.【答案】tosee【解析】【详解】句意：在公共场所看到乱扔垃圾很令人伤心。本句的句型结构是：Itis+adj+todosth.其中it在句中作形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语。故填tosee。45.Someonewholittersisalazyperson.Itmeansheorsheistoolazy________(get)upandthrowawayhisorherownrubbish.【答案】toget【解析】【详解】句意：乱扔垃圾的人是懒惰的人。这意味着他或她懒得站起来扔掉他或她自己的垃圾。根据空前“toolazy”可知，此处考查too…todo…“太……而不能做……”，因此这里应用动词不定式作结果状语。故填toget。46.Litteringcancausealotofproblems.Itcanbe________(danger)towildanimals.【答案】dangerous【解析】【详解】句意：乱扔垃圾会造成很多问题。对野生动物来说是危险的。分析句子结构可知，此处应用所给词的形容词形式，作表语，dangerous“危险的”符合。故填dangerous。47.Litteringalsolooksbad.Itmakesourearth________(dirty)thanbefore.【答案】dirtier【解析】【详解】句意：乱扔垃圾看起来也很糟糕。它使我们的地球比以前更脏。dirty“脏的”，形容词；结合“than”可知，此处应用其形容词的比较级dirtier“更脏的”，表示与原来相比“更脏了”。故填dirtier。48.Thegovernment________(try)tostoppeoplefromlitteringrecently.【答案】hastried【解析】【详解】句意：政府最近试图阻止人们乱扔垃圾。根据“recently”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为have/hasdone；主语“Thegovernment”为第三人称单数，助动词用has，动词try的过去分词为tried。故填hastried。49.Lawshavebeenpassedtotrytoavoid________(litter).【答案】littering【解析】【详解】句意：已经通过法律来避免乱扔垃圾。litter“乱扔，乱丢(垃圾)”，动词。此处考查“avoiddoing…避免做某事”，应用提示词的动名词形式作宾语。故填littering。50.Ifsomeoneiscaughtlitteringinpublicplaces,heorshecan________(fine)forit.【答案】befined【解析】【详解】句意：如果有人被抓到在公共场所乱扔垃圾，他或她可能会因此被罚款。主语“heorshe”和动词“fine”是动宾关系，可知句子是含情态动词的被动语态。故填befined。六、句型(1’*10=10’)51.Britishpeopleareverypolite.Theywillnotpushpastyou.（合并为一句）Britishpeopleare________________topushpastyou.【答案】①.too②.polite【解析】【详解】句意：英国人很有礼貌。他们不会从你身边挤过去。原句也可表述为“英国人太有礼貌了，而不会从你身边挤过去”。too+adj/adv+todosth.表示“太……而不能做某事”。故填too；polite。52.Learningforeignlanguagesatschoolisimportant.(改为同义句)________important________learnforeignlanguagesatschool.【答案】①.It’s②.to【解析】【详解】句意：在学校学习外语很重要。本句等同于It’s+adj+todosth句式，意为“做某事是……”。故填It’s；to。53.The29thOlympicGamestookplaceinBeijing,Chinain2008.(改为同义句)The29thOlympicGames________________inBeijing,Chinain2008.【答案】①.was②.held【解析】【详解】句意：2008年，第29届奥运会在中国北京举行。tookplace“举行”，固定词组，此处可以同义转换为动词hold；“The29thOlympicGames”与“hold”为逻辑上的动宾关系，此处应用被动语态，时态为一般过去时。故填was；held。54.Itisgreattohelpthosespecialathletesmaketheirdreamsetrue.(改为同义句)Itisgreattohelpthosespecialathletes________their________.【答案】①.achieve②.dreams【解析】【详解】句意：能帮助那些特殊的运动员实现他们的梦想真是太好了。makeone’sdreamsetrue=achieveone’sdreams“实现梦想”，固定词组；helpsb.dosth.“帮助某人做某事”，固定词组。故填achieve；dreams。55.Myparentswon’tallowmetostayoutlate.(改为被动语态)Iwillnot________________tostayoutlatebymyparents.【答案】①.be②.allowed【解析】【详解】句意：我父母不允许我在外面待到很晚。该句主语I“我”与谓语动词allow“允许”之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，其结构为“bedone”，且空前助动词willnot后应用be动词原形be。故填be；allowed。56.我希望你会觉得我的建议有用。Ihopeyouwill______________________________.【答案】thinkmyadviceuseful【解析】【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“认为我的建议有用”，认为：think，助动词will后接动词原形；我的建议：myadvice；有用的：useful，形容词作宾补。故填thinkmyadviceuseful。57.我认为对我们来说有必要留意我们的礼貌。Ithinkitis______________________________tomindourmanners.【答案】necessaryforus【解析】【详解】necessary“必要的”，是形容词，作表语；forus“对我们来说”，介词短语，作状语。故填necessaryforus。58.如果你违反校规，你将会受到惩罚。You________________ifyoubreaktheschoolrules【答案】willbepunished【解析】【详解】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“将会受到惩罚”；punish“惩罚”，动词；空处所在句的主语与谓语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则。故填willbepunished。59.我认为中国的教育在过去的几年里有很大的变化。Ithinkeducation______________________________inChinainthepastfewyears.【答案】haschangedalot【解析】【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“很大的变化”，其英文表达为：change“改变”，alot“很多”。由“inthepastfewyears”可知，句子应用现在完成时，其构成为have/hasdone，主语为education，助动词用has。故填haschangedalot。60.幸运的是，在所有食物吃光前我们获救了。Luckily,weweresavedbeforeallourfood______________________________.【答案】ranout##ateup【解析】【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“吃光”，其英文表达为runout或eatup，动词短语；由“were”可知，句子为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式。故填ranout/ateup。七、阅读填空A)任务型阅读(1’*10=10’)TheBritishhavebeensendinggreetingscardssincethe19thcenturyandsendmorecardsperheadthananyothercountry.Theyspendabout￡1.7billiononcardseveryyear.BetweenMarch2021andMarch2022,theRoyalMail—Britain’spostalservice—delivered(投递)almosteightbillionlettersandcardsaroundthecountry.However,thatnumberisfalling.Areportin2022showedthataboutathirdofUKchildrenhaveneversentorreceivedahandwrittenletter.Somepeoplethinkthatwritingcardsandlettersisanimportantandmeaningfulwaytokeepintouchwithothers.However,somethinkitisoutofdateandunnecessaryinourdigital(数字的)world.Whatdoyouthink—shouldwestopsendingcardsandletters?Yes—Itisoldfashionedandwasteful.Weliveinadigitalworldandusingsnailmail(普通邮件)isnotnecessary.Carryinglettersandcardsaroundtheworldproducespollutionthatisharmfultotheplanet.Makingpaperusesupenergyandresources,andsomecardsarehardtorecycle.What’smore,cardsareexpensivetobuyandsoispostingthem(afirstclassstampisnow￡1.10justtosendintheUK).Fordifferentreasons,youcan’tevenmakesurethatyourcardsandletterswillreachtheirdestination(目的地)ontime.Electronicalternativessuchasemailsortextsarequick,easy,reliableandusuallyfree.Also,youcanusevideoandotherclevereffectstomakethemspecial.Traditionalcardsandlettersareoutdatedandboring.It’snosurprisethatmostofthemendupinthebin.No—Itismeaningfulandbringshappiness.Thetraditionofwritingtofriendsandfamilyhasbeenaroundforhundredsofyearsandshouldstay.Sendingsomeoneahandwrittenletterorcarefullychosencardshowsthatyoucareandyoumadeaneffort—andthereceivercankeepitasasouvenir.Electronic(电子的)messagesaresoquickandeasytocreatethattheycanseemmeaningless,andtheycaneasilybemissed.Sendinglettersisgoodforchildrenbecauseitisachancetopractisewritingskills,becreativeandexpressfeelings.Plus,It’sfun!Noteveryonelikesusingtechnologyandnoteverythingneedstobedigital.Receivingpostmakesyoufeelspecialandit’simportantifsomeonelivesfarawayorislonely—justimagineabirthdaywithoutcards.Shouldwe____61____sendingcardsandletters?FactsThepostalserviceenjoysalong____62____inBritain.Peoplearesendinglesspostthantheyusedto.Whetherstopendingcardsorlettersisunder____63____.Opinionsand____64____YesThemaking,carryingandevenrecyclingofcardsandlettersusesupenergyandresources,whichdoes____65____totheenvironment.Cardsandstampsareexpensive.Besides,theymayarrive____66____thanexpected.Withclevereffects,mostcardsandlettersare____67____away.NoIttakescare,effortandthoughttowriteandchooseacardorletterwhileelectronicmessagesmeanfar____68____.Tosendletters,childrencreateandexpressfeelings.Soit’sgood____69____practice.Gettingaletterisexcitingforanyone,_____70_____it’simportantforpeoplewhodon’thaveaccesstousephonesortheInternet.【答案】61.stop62.history63.discussion64.Reasons65.harm66.later67.thrown68.less69.writing70.and【解析】【导语】本文对英国人是否应该保留寄卡片和信件这一传统进行了讨论。【61题详解】根据第一段“Whatdoyouthink—shouldwestopsendingcardsandletters?”可知，文章讨论的中心话题是是否应该停止写信或贺卡。故填stop。【62题详解】根据第一段“TheBritishhavebeensendinggreetingscardssincethe19thcenturyandsendmorecardsperheadthananyothercountry.”可知，寄送卡片或信件在英国享有很长的历史。故填history。【63题详解】根据第一段“Somepeoplethinkthatwritingcardsandlettersisanimportantandmeaningfulwaytokeepintouchwithothers.However,somethinkitisoutofdateandunnecessaryinourdigitalworld.”可知，关于人们是否应该停止写卡片或信件还处于讨论之中；beundersth.“处于……之中”，此处应该填写discuss的名词discussion。故填discussion。【64题详解】根据表格内容可知，上下两块分别描述的是支持和反对的观点和理由，标题栏单词应大写首字母。故填Reasons。【65题详解】根据第二段“Carryinglettersandcardsaroundtheworldproducespollutionthatisharmfultotheplanet.”可知，反方认为信件或卡片在全球范围的使用会导致纸张浪费等污染问题，对环境有害，doharmto“对……有害”，此处应填写名词。故填harm。【66题详解】根据第二段“Fordifferentreasonsyoucan’tevenmakesurethatyourcardsandletterswillreachtheirdestinationontime.”可知，我们无法控制信件或卡片到达目的地的时间，即可能会出现延迟达到的现象。故填later。【67题详解】根据第二段“It’snosurprisethatmostofthemendupinthebin.”可知，信件或卡片最终只会被扔进垃圾箱里，此处表示被动，应用bedone形式，使用动词throw的过去分词thrown。故填thrown。【68题详解】根据第三段“Electronic messagesaresoquickan