2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit1LaughoutloudSectionⅢGrammar教师用书含习题测试外研版选择性必修第一册

PAGEUnit1LaughoutloudSectionⅢGrammar(非限制性定语从句)单句语法填空1.(教材P2)Iwalkthroughthedoorsintothewaitingarea,wherethere'safamiliaratmosphereofboredomandtension.2.(教材P2)InthemiddleofthisparticularsceneIspotasmallgirlwhoseankleistwiceitsnormalsize.3.(教材P2)Ispeakwiththeon-dutynurse,whotellsmethatLara'sparentsrushedhertothehospitalaftershefelloffherbicycle.4.(教材P2)Scientificstudiesshowthatlaughterproduceschemicalstomakepeoplefeelbetter,whichmeansclowndoctorscanbehelpful.5.(教材P3)IspentmuchofthetimewhenIwastherefeelingfrightenedandmorethanalittlebored!非限制性定语从句用来对先行词作补充说明。没有它,主句也能独立存在;非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不亲密,它与先行词之间常用逗号隔开。需留意的是,that不能引导非限制性定语从句。一、非限制性定语从句的关系词1.关系代词的选择非限制性定语从句不能用关系代词that引导。指人时,假如关系词在从句中作主语,要用who,作宾语要用whom(此时whom不能用who替代);指物时,关系词要用which,which在从句中作主语或宾语。在非限制性定语从句中,即使关系词在从句中作宾语也不能省略。whose引导非限制性定语从句时,指人或物,在从句中作定语。Peter,whomyoumetinLondon,isgoingtoParisnextweek.你在伦敦见过的那个彼得,下周将要去巴黎。Manyyoungpeople,mostofwhomwerewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.许多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的幻想,他们中大部分都受过良好的教化。Thebooksonthedesk,whosecoversareshiny,areprizesforus.桌上那些封面闪亮的书是为我们打算的奖品。ThisnotewasleftbyTom,whowashereamomentago.这个便条是汤姆留下的,刚才他还在这里。名师点津which引导非限制性定语从句时,可以指代整个主句的内容。Lauracouldn'tcometoourparty,whichwasapity.劳拉不能来参与我们的聚会,这真缺憾。(which指代的是“劳拉不能来参与我们的聚会”这件事)Tomstudieshardandisreadytohelpothers,whichiswhathisparentsexpect.汤姆学习努力且乐于助人,这正是他父母所期望的。(which指代的是“汤姆学习努力且乐于助人”这件事)2.关系副词的选择在非限制性定语从句中,关系副词(when、where)的选择方法和在限制性定语从句中的一样,即关系词在从句中作时间状语时用when,作地点状语时用where。ThestoryinthebookhappenedinCanada,whereDoctorBethunewasborn.书中的故事发生在加拿大,白求恩大夫就是在那里诞生的。IleftonSunday,wheneveryonewasathome.我星期日离开了,那天全部人都在家。二、限制性/非限制性定语从句的区分区分限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号与主句隔开。DoyoustillrememberthemanwhotaughtusEnglish?你还记得教我们英语的那个人吗?用逗号与主句隔开。I'vebeentoLondon,whichisabeautifulcity.我去过伦敦,那是一个漂亮的城市。意义上是先行词不行缺少的定语,如删去,句子意思将不完整。Thisisthebook(which/that)helostyesterday.这就是他昨天丢的那本书。只是对先行词的补充说明,如删去,句子意思仍旧完整、明确。Thebook,whichhelostyesterday,hasbeenfound.他昨天丢的那本书已经找到了。译法上通常译成先行词的定语。Heisthemanwholivesnexttome.他就是住在我隔壁的那个人。通常译成与主句并列的分句。Heisagenerousman,wholivesnexttome.他是一个慷慨的人,住在我隔壁。关系词的运用上1.在从句中作宾语时可省略2.可用that1.不行省略2.不行用that三、非限制性定语从句须要留意的问题1.非限制性定语从句常常位于句末,但也可位于句中,这时前后都须要用逗号隔开。Thechildren,whowantedtoplayfootball,weredisappointedwhenitrained.那些孩子都想踢足球,因下雨而感到悲观。2.“介词+关系代词”也可以引导非限制性定语从句。先行词指人时关系代词用whom,不行用who/that;先行词指物时,关系代词用which,不能用that。Afriendissomeonewhodrawsoutyourbestqualities,withwhomyousparkleandbecomemoreknowledgeable.挚友就是能使你表现出你自己最佳品质的人,与他在一起你就会精神焕发,更有见识。Iboughtagreatmanybooks,onwhichIspentallmymoneythatIsaved.我买了许多书,这些书花了我积攒的全部的钱。3.“名词/代词/数词+介词of+关系代词”引导的定语从句通常是非限制性定语从句。JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allofwhichshespokefluently.朱莉擅长德语、法语和俄语,这三门语言她都说得很流利。Yourspeechwasheardbyagroupoffivejudges,allofwhomagreedthatitwasthebestonethisyear.评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲,他们都认为它是今年最好的。4.“名词+介词of+关系代词”有时可以用“whose+名词”或“of+关系代词+名词”替换。Thebuildinghadbeenrepaired,theroofofwhichwasdestroyedagaininabigfire.Thebuildinghadbeenrepaired,ofwhichtheroofwasdestroyedagaininabigfire.Thebuildinghadbeenrepaired,whoseroofwasdestroyedagaininabigfire.那栋楼房曾经被整修过,但在一场大火中,楼顶又被烧毁了。5.as/which引导非限制性定语从句的区分(1)as引导非限制性定语从句时,先行词一般为整个主句;而which引导非限制性定语从句时,先行词既可以是整个主句又可以是主句的一部分。Hefinishedthetaskintime,aswehadexpected.他刚好完成了任务,正如我们所预料的那样。Theroadwastooslippy,whichcausedlotsofaccidents.路太滑了,以至于引起了许多事故。(2)as引导的非限制性定语从句的位置比较敏捷,可位于句首、句中和句尾,而which引导的非限制性定语从句常位于先行词之后。Aseveryonecansee,sheisveryhonest.正如大家所看到的那样,她很诚恳。Sheishonest,whicheveryonecansee.她很诚恳,这一点大家有目共睹。(3)as引导非限制性定语从句时常意为“正如”,多用于固定搭配中:asisoftenthecase(这是常有的事),asisexpected(不出所料),asoftenhappens(正如常常发生的那样),asisknowntoall(众所周知),ashasbeensaidbefore(如上所述),asismentionedabove(正如上面所提到的)等;而which常意为“这一点,那”,并且主句和从句常存在逻辑上的因果关系。HehastoworkonSunday,whichhedoesn'tlike.他周日还得上班,他不喜爱这一点。Ascanbeseenfromhisface,heisquitepleased.从他的表情可以看出来,他特别兴奋。Ⅰ.用适当的关系词填空1.Thenumberofsmokers,asisreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.2.Themeeting,whichwasheldinthepark,wasattendedby1,000people.3.TheycametoChinainthe1970s,whenChinawasnotopentotheoutsideworld.4.Asisknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth.5.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachofwhichusesitdifferently.6.Shegaveanotherpieceofadvice,whichIthinkwasofgreathelptotheresearchwork.7.Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum,whoseconstructionhadtakenmorethanthreeyears.8.Maryenjoyedreadingwhenshewasyoung.Shelearnedinakeymiddleschoolinhercity,whereherparentsbothtaughtChinese.9.Mymotheroftengoestothegym,wheresheworksouttokeepfit.10.Theresultoftheexperimentprovedtobeverygood,whichwasmorethanweexpected.11.Aswe'veseen,oceanscoverabout71%oftheEarth.12.Mr.Smith,fromwhomIhavelearnedalot,isafamousscientist.Ⅱ.语法与主题写作1.写作要点依据本单元所学语法学问和主题学问补全句子。①人生是一场旅行,在旅途中你可以体验快乐和哀痛。Lifeisajourney,whereyoucanexperiencebothjoysandsorrows.

②当你遇到一个你胆怯 的问题时,保持乐观是很重要的。Whenyoucomeacrossaproblemwhichyouareafraidof,itisveryimportanttostaypositive.

③只要你心中有爱和希望,你陷入无望的黑暗时刻就会消逝。Aslongasyouhaveloveandhopeinyourmind,thedarkmomentwhenyouarecaughtinhopelessnesswilldisappear.

④假如你有志气,你所追求的幻想将会成真。Ifyouhavethecourage,yourdreamswhichyouarepursuingwillcometrue.

⑤记住,不要失去信念,因为机会将在下一秒消逝,不是每个人都能抓住它的尾巴。Remem