高考英语精细化学通语法普通高中版课件第一讲名词

第一讲名

词变化规则例词一般情况下在词尾直接加­smouth→mouthshouse→houses以­s，­x，­ch，­sh结尾的名词在词尾加­esglass→glasses

match→matches以辅音字母＋­y结尾的名词变y为i再加­escountry→countries

factory→factories变化规则例词以元音字母＋­y结尾的名词在词尾直接＋­sholiday→holidays

monkey→monkeys以o结尾的名词一般在词尾加­spiano→pianosphoto→photos有些在词尾加­eshero→heroespotato→potatoes以f,fe结尾的名词一般要变f或fe为v＋­esself→selves

wolf→wolves少数直接加­sroof→roofs

belief→beliefs变化规则例词单复数同形deer,sheep,means,series,Chinese,Swiss,aircraft,spacecraft变内部元音foot→feet,tooth→teeth,

man→men,woman→women外来名词medium→media媒体phenomenon→phenomena现象analysis→analyses分析单词抽象名词意义具体化名词意义success成功成功的人或事pleasure乐趣令人高兴的事attraction吸引有吸引力的人或事物beauty美；美丽美丽的人或事物comfort安慰；慰藉令人感到安慰的人或事物danger危险危险的人或因素delight高兴令人高兴的事

failure失败失败的人或事物surprise惊奇令人惊奇的事情

shock震惊令人震惊的事情pride骄傲令人骄傲的事情情况构成示例不以s结尾的名词加­’sMary’se­mailchildren’sbooks以s结尾的复数名词加­’thegirls’dormitorytheteachers’

reading­room以s结尾的单数名词加­’s或­’ourboss’officeEngels’sworks后缀例词­ion/­tion/­sion/­ationcorrect→correction改正celebrate→celebration

庆祝；庆祝会attract→attraction

吸引conclude→conclusion

结论；结束discuss→discussion

讨论；辩论decide→decision

决定admit→admission

接纳；准许入学invite→invitation

邀请explain→explanation

解释graduate→graduation

毕业expect→expectation

期望后缀例词­er/­ordrive→driver司机；驾驶员gather→gatherer

收集者；采集者teach→teacher

老师announce→announcer

广播员conduct→conductor

指挥；售票员­mentpunish→punishment惩罚achieve→achievement

功绩；成就argue→argument

辩论；论据treat→treatment

对待；治疗equip→equipment

装备；设备govern→government

政府后缀例词­ance/­enceappear→appearance出现；外貌guide→guidance

指引；指导perform→performance

表演；节目exist→existence

存在；生存prefer→preference

偏爱refer→reference

参考；查阅­inghear→hearing

听力；听觉begin→beginning

开始后缀例词­ure/­turefail→failure失败；倒闭press→pressure

压力depart→departure

离开；出发mix→mixture

混合；混合物­yrecover→recovery恢复；痊愈discover→discovery

发现其他choose→choice选择vary→variety

多样化；种类tend→tendency

趋向；趋势后缀例词­ageshort→shortage

不足；短缺­cyefficient→efficiency效率；功效fluent→fluency

流利；流畅accurate→accuracy

准确性private→privacy

隐私；私密­domfree→freedom自由；自主wise→wisdom

明智；智慧­encedifferent→difference差异silent→silence

沉默后缀例词­nessweak→weakness虚弱；弱点kind→kindness

仁慈；好意careless→carelessness

粗心大意­thstrong→strength力气；强项warm→warmth

温暖；热情­y/­ty/­ityhonest→honesty

诚实difficult→difficulty

困难cruel→cruelty