山东省聊城市第二中学2024-2025学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题含解析

2024—2025学年度高二英语开学考（考试时间:120分钟试卷满分:150分）1.本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答第I卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3.回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4.测试范围:暑假作业。5.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)注意，听力部分答题时请先将答案标在试卷上，听力部分结束前你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whenwillthemansendafaxtothewoman?A.Atabout1:30.B.Atabout2:30.C.Atabout3:30.2.Whydoesthemanwanttomove?A.Tobenearhispany.B.Togotoagoodschool.C.Toliveinabighouse.3.Whatwillthemandotomorrowevening?A.Plantheschedule.B.Haveameeting.C.MeetMr.Cooper.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Christmasgifts.B.Acoincollection.C.Familymembers.5.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Teacherandstudent.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whattimewillthespeakersarriveatthehall?A.At10:00.B.At10:30.C.At10:35.7.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A.Nervous.B.Bored.C.Confident.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhatseemstobotherPaul?A.Helosthiscarkeys.B.Heforgottopickuphisaunt.C.Hecan’tdrivehiscarnow.9.Wherewillthespeakersgonext?A.Thehospital.B.Theairport.C.Paul’shouse.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthewoman?A.Anactress.B.Areporter.C.Ahostess.11.Whatshouldtheinterviewerdofirstinthetelephoneinterview?A.Writedownthequestions.B.Makeaselfintroductiontotheinterviewee.C.Telltheintervieweethepurposeoftheinterview.12.Whatisimportanttotheinterviewerwhilelistening?A.Takingnotescarefully.B.Sharingopinions.C.Stoppingtalking.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.HowmanyCanadiancitiesarelargerthanQuebec?A.7.B.8.C.9.14.WhichseasonisthemostbeautifulinQuebecaccordingtoNancy?A.Spring.B.Fall.C.Winter.15.WhatlanguagedomostpeoplespeakinQuebec?A.French.B.English.C.Spanish.16.WhatisNancy’sfavoritecity?A.Paris.B.Quebec.C.NewYork.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatisthegreatnewsaboutAliceGreen?A.She’sgotapromotion.B.She’smovedtoabigcity.C.She’sjustfoundawellpaidjob.18.WhatdidAliceGreendoforthepanylastyear?A.Shesetupanewdepartment.B.Shehelpedincreasethesales.C.Shedevelopedanewproduct.19.Whatdopeopleinthespeaker’spanycareaboutmost?A.Hightechnologies.B.Salesfigures.C.Publicpraise.20.WhatwillAliceGreenprobablydonext?A.Giveaspeech.B.Changeheroffice.C.Meetsomecustomers.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共10小题；每小题3分共30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANaturalLifeEBooksbyEducationExpertWendyPriesnitzBeyondSchool:LivingAsIfSchoolDoesn’tExistThisisalongawaitedfourthbookaboutlifelearning.It’sacollectionof17essaysabouthowfamiliesandindividualscanliveandlearnwithoutstruggles,andwithtrust,respect,anddignity.Together,theycreatewaystohelpchildrenlearnabouttoday’sworldwhilebeingequippedtoliveintomorrow’s.Green&HealthyHomesThebookwillhelpyouandyourfamilymakeyourhomegreenerandhealthier,andsavemoneytoo.Itincludestipsonmakingyourowncleaningsuppliesandadviceonhowtoconservewater,avoiddangeroushouseholdchemicalsanduseorganicmaterialsforyourhome.LifeLearning:LessonsFromtheEducationalFrontierThisisauniquecollectionof30essaysaboutthestoryoflearningwrittenbyparentsandyoungpeoplewhohaveexperienceditfirsthand.Itincludeslearningtoreadanddomathwithoutbeingtaught,learningwhat’swrongwitheducationatpresent,learningintherealworld,andmuchmore.ChallengingAssumptionsinEducation:FromInstitutionalizedEducationtoaLearningSocietyThisbookexplainswhylifelearnershelptheirchildrenliveandlearn,andprovidesinspirationandsupportforfamilieswhohavechosenthatexcitingpath.Italsochallengesopenmindedreaders—includingteachers,parents,andlawmakers—totransformthepubliceducationsystem,usingwhathomeschoolersknowabouthowchildrenlearn.★We’repleasedtoofferyoufreePDFdownloadsoftheseeBooks.★PDFdigitalformatonly.Clickhereformoreinformationandalimitedtimefreedownload.1.WhatdoweknowaboutBeyondSchool?A.Itsteachingmethodsarefromschools. B.It’saboutsurvivalskillsoutsideschool.C.Itfocusesonmakingyourlifegreener. D.Itbetterprepareskidsforthefutureworld.2.Whichbookfeaturesreallifeexamples?A.BeyondSchool. B.Green&HealthyHomes.C.LifeLearning. D.ChallengingAssumptionsinEducation.3.Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A.Awebsite. B.Amagazine. C.Areport. D.Atextbook.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了几本书的相关内容。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据BeyondSchool:LivingAsIfSchoolDoesn’tExist部分中“Together,theycreatewaystohelpchildrenlearnabouttoday’sworldwhilebeingequippedtoliveintomorrow’s.(他们共同创造方法，帮助孩子们了解当今世界，同时为未来的生活做好准备)”可知，该书能让孩子们更好地为未来的世界做好准备，故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据LifeLearning:LessonsFromtheEducationalFrontier部分中“Thisisauniquecollectionof30essaysaboutthestoryoflearningwrittenbyparentsandyoungpeoplewhohaveexperienceditfirsthand.Itincludeslearningtoreadanddomathwithoutbeingtaught,learningwhat’swrongwitheducationatpresent,learningintherealworld,andmuchmore.(这是一本独特的30篇关于学习故事的文章的合集，作者是亲身经历过学习的父母和年轻人。它包括自学阅读和数学，了解目前教育的问题，在现实世界中学习等等)”可知，该书的特点是故事来源于现实生活，故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“Clickhereformoreinformationandalimitedtimefreedownload.(点击这里获取更多信息和限时免费)”可知，文章出自一个网站，故选A。BTechbusinessmanJaredIsaacman,whomadeafortuneintechandfighterjets,boughtanentireflightandtookthree“everyday”peoplewithhimtospace.Heaimedtousetheprivatetriptoraise$200millionforSt.JudeChildren’sResearchHospital,halfingfromhisownpocket.HiscrewincludedaSt.Judeworkerwithdirecttiestotheactivity,representingtheactivity’spillar(核心)ofHope,aprofessor,andanotherperson,representingthepillarofGenerosity,chosenaspartofa$200millionSt.Judefundraisingprogram.AllwereinvitedtojoinindonatingtoreachtheambitiousoverallcampaigngoalinsupportofSt.Jude’scurrentmultibilliondollarexpansiontospeedupresearchadvancesandsavemorechildrenworldwide.AnyonedonatingtoSt.Judewouldbeenteredintoarandomdrawingforthe“Generosity”seat.Isaacmanhasbeen“reallyinterestedinspace”sincehewasinkindergarten.Hedroppedoutofhighschoolwhenhewas16,gotaGEDcertificateandstartedabusinessinhisparents’basementthatbecamethebeginningofShift4Payments,acreditcardprocessingpany.Hesetaspeedrecordflyingaroundtheworldin2009whileraisingmoneyfortheMakeAWishprogram,andlaterestablishedDrakenInternational,theworld’slargestprivatefleet(舰队)offighterjets.Nowhehasrealizedhischildhooddreamboardingaspaceship,launchedinFloridaandorbitingtheEarthforthreedaysinthehistorymakingevent.Hecalleditan“epic(史诗般的)adventure”.“Itrulywantustoliveinaworld50or100yearsfromnowwherepeoplearejumpingtheirrockets,”Isaacmansaid.“Andifwe’regoingtoliveinthatworld,we’dbetterdealwithchildhoodcancersuccessfullyalongtheway.”4.WhydidIsaacmanraisefundsforSt.Jude?A.Toexpandafundraisingprogramme. B.Toperformanactofgreatgenerosity.C.Tomakehischildhooddreametrue. D.ToencourageSt.Jude’slifesavingwork.5.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph3?A.ThemercialskillsofIsaacman. B.ThegrowthexperienceofIsaacman.C.ThereasonforIsaacman’sgooddeeds. D.ThebeginningofIsaacman’sbusiness.6.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthe“epicadventure”?A.Itwasamultidayjourney. B.Itwillbemoninthefuture.C.Itinvolvedthreeciviliansintotal. D.Itisasymbolofhopeforabetterlife.7.WhatmessageisconveyedinIsaacman’sstory?A.Nosweetwithoutsweat. B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.C.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart. D.Apennysavedisapennyearned.【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章围绕Isaacman的太空旅行、他的创业经历、以及他对社会公益事业的贡献展开，展现了一个充满梦想、勇气和责任感的企业家形象。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Heaimedtousetheprivatetriptoraise$200millionforSt.JudeChildren’sResearchHospital,halfingfromhisownpocket.(他计划利用这次私人旅行为圣裘德儿童研究医院筹集2亿美元，其中一半由他自掏腰包。)”可知，Isaacman为St.Jude筹集资金是为了鼓励其拯救生命的工作，帮助加快研究进展并拯救更多的儿童。故选D。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Isaacmanhasbeen“reallyinterestedinspace”sincehewasinkindergarten.Hedroppedoutofhighschoolwhenhewas16,gotaGEDcertificateandstartedabusinessinhisparents’basementthatbecamethebeginningofShift4Payments,acreditcardprocessingpany.Hesetaspeedrecordflyingaroundtheworldin2009whileraisingmoneyfortheMakeAWishprogram,andlaterestablishedDrakenInternational,theworld’slargestprivatefleet(舰队)offighterjets.(Isaacman自幼儿园起就对太空“非常感兴趣”。他16岁时辍学，获得了高中同等学历证书，并在他父母的地下室里开始了自己的事业，这成为了信用卡处理公司Shift4Payments的开端。2009年，他在为“许愿基金会”筹集资金的同时，创下了环球飞行的速度纪录，后来还创立了DrakenInternational，这是世界上最大的私人战斗机舰队。)”可知，第三段主要讲述了Isaacman的成长经历。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Nowhehasrealizedhischildhooddreamboardingaspaceship,launchedinFloridaandorbitingtheEarthforthreedaysinthehistorymakingevent.(现在，他已经实现了儿时的梦想——登上宇宙飞船，这艘飞船在佛罗里达州发射，并在这一具有历史意义的事件中绕地球飞行了三天。)”可知，这次史诗般的冒险是一次多日的太空之旅。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读文章可知，Isaacman通过努力实现自己的梦想，展示了只要有决心和勇气，没有什么是不可能的。他放弃了学业，但在父母的地下室里开始了自己的事业，最终取得了成功。因此，他的故事传达了“有志者事竟成”的信息，即只要有决心和勇气，就可以克服任何困难，实现自己的梦想。故选C。C“Istheglasshalfemptyorhalffull?”ThisoldEnglishsayinghaslongbeenusedtotellapessimistfromanoptimist.Formostyoungpeopletoday,theanswerisusually“halffull”,becausewehavebeentaughtthatapositiveattitudetowardslifeisoneoftheprimarykeystosuccess.However,isthisnecessarilyagoodthing?Recentstudiesindicatethatitalldepends.Thereissuchathingastoomuchpositivity.Ithappenswhensomeoneremainsinahappyandpositivestateandignoresanybadandnegativeemotionsacrossallsituations.Butasamatteroffact,itisnormalforustoexperienceanyemotions.Thedeathofapetorlovedone,alowscoreonatest,oramountainofnewhomeworkshouldleadtoemotionssuchassadness,frustrationandanger.Ifwehidetheseemotionsjustbecausewewanttolookoptimisticinfrontofourfriendsandfamily,theycanbuildupinsideofusandenduperuptinginunexpectedways.Thereisnewevidencetosuggestthatmanyoftheseoverlypositivepeopleareatariskofdevelopingdrugoralcoholaddictionsaswellasotherpsychologicalproblems.Asidefromthepersonalemotionalimpacts,thisattitudecanalsohaveanegativeeffectonthepeoplearoundyou.Imaginehavinghadabadday,andwantingtotalkaboutitwithyourfriend.However,insteadoflisteningtoyourproblemsandsympathizingwithyou,theysimplytoldyouto“bepositive”andgiveyoutheimpressionthatyourproblemsarebeingpletelyignored.Justtakeeverythingasitesandexpresshowyoureallyfeel.Thismakesyouhuman,andyourtruefriendswillalwaysstickbyyou.Somysimpleadvicetoyouistodowhatgivesyouthebest“attitude”inlife,whateverforyouthatmightbe.Regardlessofwhetheraglassishalfemptyorhalffull,itnonethelessstillhasspacetofill.8.Whydoesthewritermentiontheglassatthebeginningofthetext?A.Togivesomeevidence. B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Topresentanargument. D.Toexplainhisideas.9.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetothepersonwhoremainspositiveacrossallsituations?A.Negative. B.Supportive. C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.10Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A.Thecauseofoverlypositivity.B.Thepreventionofoverlypositivity.C.Thebadeffectofoverlypositivityonothers.D.Thebadimpactsofoverlypositivityonpersonalemotion.【答案】8.B9.A10.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了过度积极会对自己和身边的人产生消极影响。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段““Istheglasshalfemptyorhalffull?”ThisoldEnglishsayinghaslongbeenusedtotellapessimistfromanoptimist.Formostyoungpeopletoday,theanswerisusually“halffull”,becausewehavebeentaughtthatapositiveattitudetowardslifeisoneoftheprimarykeystosuccess.(“杯子是半空还是半满的？”这句古老的英语谚语一直被用来区分悲观主义者和乐观主义者。对于今天的大多数年轻人来说，答案通常是“半满”，因为我们一直被教导积极的生活态度是成功的主要关键之一)”可知，作者在第一段提到那杯水是为了引出话题。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Butasamatteroffact,itisnormalforustoexperienceanyemotions.Thedeathofapetorlovedone,alowscoreonatest,oramountainofnewhomeworkshouldleadtoemotionssuchassadness,frustrationandanger.Ifwehidetheseemotionsjustbecausewewanttolookoptimisticinfrontofourfriendsandfamily,theycanbuildupinsideofusandenduperuptinginunexpectedways.Thereisnewevidencetosuggestthatmanyoftheseoverlypositivepeopleareatariskofdevelopingdrugoralcoholaddictionsaswellasotherpsychologicalproblems.(但事实上，我们经历任何情绪都是正常的。宠物或爱人去世，考试成绩不佳，或者堆积如山的新作业，这些都应该导致悲伤、沮丧和愤怒等情绪。如果我们仅仅因为想在朋友和家人面前显得乐观而隐藏这些情绪，它们就会在我们内心积聚，最终以意想不到的方式爆发。有新的证据表明，许多过于乐观的人有吸毒或酗酒成瘾的风险，也有其他心理问题)”以及第三段“Asidefromthepersonalemotionalimpacts,thisattitudecanalsohaveanegativeeffectonthepeoplearoundyou.Imaginehavinghadabadday,andwantingtotalkaboutitwithyourfriend.However,insteadoflisteningtoyourproblemsandsympathizingwithyou,theysimplytoldyouto“bepositive”andgiveyoutheimpressionthatyourproblemsarebeingpletelyignored.(除了对个人情感的影响，这种态度也会对你周围的人产生负面影响。想象一下，有一天过得很糟糕，你想和你的朋友谈谈。然而，他们不是倾听你的问题，同情你，而是简单地告诉你要“积极”，给你的印象是你的问题完全被忽视了)”可知，作者在这两段分别阐述了过度积极对自己和身边的人的消极影响。可知，作者对于在任何情况下都保持积极状态的人持不赞同的态度。故选A。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Asidefromthepersonalemotionalimpacts,thisattitudecanalsohaveanegativeeffectonthepeoplearoundyou.(除了对个人情感的影响，这种态度也会对你周围的人产生负面影响。”可知，第三段主要介绍了过度积极会对周围的人产生消极影响。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everybodygetsangry,butoutofcontrolangerisn’tgoodforyouorthosearoundyou.Soherearefivesimplestrategiestohelpyoulearnhowtomanageyouranger:●Relax.Breathedeeplyfromyourstomach.____11____Repeatittoyourselfandvisualizearelaxingtimeandexperience.●Changethewayyouthink.Whenyou’reangry,yourthinkingcangetexaggerated（夸大的）.____12____Forinstance,insteadoftellingyourself,“Oh,it’sterrible!Everything’sruined,”tellyourself,“It’sunderstandablethatI’mupsetaboutit,butit’snottheendoftheworld.”●____13____Statementslike“Thisneverworks.”or“You’realwaysforgettingthings.”willmakeyoufeelyourangerisjustified（情有可原的）andthere’snowaytosolvetheproblem.Theymightupsetpeoplewhomightbewillingtoworkwithyoutofindasolution.●Havebettermunication.Angrypeopletendtojumptoconclusions.Ifyouareinaheateddiscussion,slowdown.____14____Andtakeyourtimebeforeanswering.Insteadofsayingthefirstthingthatesintoyourhead,thinkcarefullyaboutwhatyouwanttosay.●Usehumor.Psychologistssaythathighlyangrypeopletendtothink“thingsoughttogomyway!”“Sillyhumor”canhelpyougetamorebalancedperspective.So,whenyoufeelthatangeresthenexttime,pictureyourselfasakingorqueen,walkingaround,admiredbyeverybody,andgettingyourownwayineverysituation.Themoredetailyoucangetintoyourimaginaryscenes,themorelikelyitistoputasmileonyourface.____15____A.Becarefulwithwordslike“never”or“always”.BListencarefullytowhattheotherpersonissaying.C.Tryreplacingthesethoughtswithmorereasonableones.D.Avoidusingthesestrategieswhenyou’reinatensesituation.E.Thenslowlyrepeatacalmwordorphrasesuchas“takeiteasy”.F.Trychangingthetopicssoyourtalkswon’tturnintoarguments.G.Thatwillhelpyourealizethatthethingsyou’reangryaboutarereallynotveryimportant.【答案】11.E12.C13.A14.B15.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。考试来临，如何为考试做准备呢？作者就此给出了几条可行的建议。【11题详解】根据空前的小标题“Relax.(放松)”可知，该段主要讲述的是在考试之前要放轻松。E选项“Thenslowlyrepeatacalmwordorphrasesuchas“takeiteasy”.(然后慢慢地重复一个平静的单词或短语，比如“放轻松”。)”中的takeiteasy与标题相对应，故选E。【12题详解】根据下文的“Forinstance,insteadoftellingyourself,“Oh,it’sterrible!Everything’sruined,”tellyourself,“It’sunderstandablethatI’mupsetaboutit,butit’snottheendoftheworld.”(例如，不要告诉自己：“哦，这太糟糕了！一切都毁了，”告诉自己，“我对此感到沮丧是可以理解的，但这不是世界末日。”)”可知，此处强调的是要避免自己有一些消极的想法。故C选项“Tryreplacingthesethoughtswithmorereasonableones.(试着用更合理的想法取代这些想法。)”与此呼应，故选C。【13题详解】设空处是本段的小标题。根据后文的“Statementslike“Thisneverworks.”or“You’realwaysforgettingthings.”willmakeyoufeelyourangerisjustifiedandthere’snowaytosolvetheproblem.(像这样的陈述“这从来都没用”。或者“你总是忘事。”会让你觉得你的愤怒是有道理的，而且没有办法解决问题。)”可知，本段作者要建议人们谨慎使用带有never或always的话语。故选A。【14题详解】根据空前的小标题“Havebettermunication.(拥有良好的交流)”可知，本段强调的是交流的重要性。同时根据空前的“Ifyouareinaheateddiscussion,slowdown.(如果你正在进行一场激烈的讨论，那就放慢速度。)”可知，此处强调的是作者建议人们在激烈的讨论中，不要轻易下结论，要认真倾听，良好沟通，从而避免怒气的产生。B选项“Listencarefullytowhattheotherpersonissaying.(仔细听对方在说什么。)”与此呼应，故选B。【15题详解】根据本段段旨“Usehumor.(使用幽默)”可知，本段强调的是幽默的重要性。根据空前的“Themoredetailyoucangetintoyourimaginaryscenes,themorelikelyitistoputasmileonyourface.(你想象的场景中细节越多，你脸上就越有可能露出笑容。)”可知，幽默可以让人意识到令人生气的事其实并没有那么重要。故G选项“Thatwillhelpyourealizethatthethingsyou’reangryaboutarereallynotveryimportant.(这将帮助你意识到你生气的事情其实并不重要。)”与此呼应，故选G。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分25分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。IhavelearntalotaboutChineselifeandcultureandfoundthemveryinteresting.First,familylifeisquite___16___inChinafromthatintheUSA.IntheUSA,manyyoungpeople___17___homeaftertheyfinishtheireducationandstartworking.However,inChina,itis___18___forpeopletolivewiththeirparentsuntiltheygetmarried.Also,manyofmyChinesefriendstoldmethattheir___19___livedwiththemandhelpedtakecareofthemwhentheywerechildren.ItseemsthatAmericansthinkindependenceismoreimportant___20___theChinesethinkfamilyrelationshipsaremoreimportant.Bargainingisanother___21___thatIhavetriedtolearn.IntheUSA,pricesare___22___andyoucan’taskforalowerprice.HoweverinsomesmallChinesestoresandtouristplaces,youare___23___tobargain.MyChinesefriendstaughtmetoaskfor40percentor50percent___24___theoriginalprice.Ifthesalespersondoesn’tagreetomyprice,Ishould____25____toleaveandhemightletmeebackandsellmetheitem.Itisaskillthatyouhaveto____26____ifyouliveinChina.Tippinghasn’tbeeneasiertoadjustto.IntheUSA,manypeopleintheserviceindustrywanttoget____27____moneyforservingcustomers.TippingisnotapartofChineseculture.OnceItriedtotipataxidriver.Helookedalittle____28____andrefusedtotakethemoney.Indinners,perhapswhatsurprisesanAmericanvisitorthemostisthatsomeoftheChinesehostsliketoputfoodintotheplatesoftheir____29____.Actually,thisisasignoftruefriendshipandpoliteness.MyChinesefriendtoldmeifIdidn’twanttoeatit,Ishouldjust____30____thefoodintheplate.16.A.unique B.different C.private D.harmonious17.A.e B.build C.leave D.abandon18.A.regular B.true C.mon D.usual19.A.parents B.relatives C.babysitters D.grandparents20.A.while B.since C.when D.as21A.way B.custom C.lesson D.habit22.A.made B.agreed C.charged D.set23.A.expected B.taught C.suggested D.required24.A.up B.away C.off D.on25.A.promise B.pretend C.decide D.hope26.A.tolerate B.understand C.practise D.consider27.A.easy B.extra C.pocket D.prize28.A.excited B.satisfied C.frightened D.confused29.A.own B.children C.neighbors D.guests30.A.leave B.remain C.put D.taste【答案】16.B17.C18.C19.D20.A21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.C27.B28.D29.D30.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了中国和美国在各种文化方面的差异，从家庭生活，讨价还价和给小费等方面进行比较。【16题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先，中国的家庭生活和美国有很大的不同。A.unique独特的；B.different不同的；C.private私人的；D.harmonious和谐的。结合后文描述美国和中国的家庭生活差异可知，中国的家庭生活和美国的家庭生活十分不同（different）。故选B。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在美国，许多年轻人在完成学业并开始工作后离开家。A.e来到；B.build建造；C.leave离开；D.abandon抛弃。后文however表示转折，说明美国与中国年轻人一直和父母住到结婚不同，美国的年轻人在完成学业后就会离开（leave）家去工作。故选C。【18题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，在中国，人们在结婚前都和父母住在一起是很常见的。A.regular定期的；B.true真实的；C.mon常见的；D.usual通常的。结合常识，在中国，和父母住在一起直到结婚，这是很常见的（mon）。故选C。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有，我的许多中国朋友告诉我，他们的祖父母在他们小时候和他们住在一起，照顾他们。A.parents父母；B.relatives亲戚；C.babysitters保姆；D.grandparents祖父母。根据后文“helpedtakecareofthemwhentheywerechildren”以及常识可知在中国孩子小的时候，祖父母会和他们生活在一起并帮着照顾他们。故选D。【20题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：美国人似乎认为独立更重要，而中国人认为家庭关系更重要。A.while然而，在……期间；B.since自从；C.when当……时候；D.as正如。while意为“但是，而”，强调两种情况的对比。美国人认为独立更重要，而中国人认为家庭关系更重要。故选A。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：讨价还价是我努力学习的另一个习俗。A.way方法；B.custom习俗；C.lesson课程；D.habit习惯。结合上文“Bargaining”可知讨价还价是另外一个中国的习俗。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在美国，价格是固定的，你不能要求更低的价格。A.made制作；B.agreed同意；C.charged填充；D.set确定，设置。根据后文“youcan'taskforalowerprice”可知，在美国，价格是确定好了的，不能讲价。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在一些小的中国商店和旅游景点，你有望讨价还价。A.expected期待；B.taught教授；C.suggested建议；D.required需要。结合后文“tobargain”可知在一些中国的小商店或旅游的地方，你有望讨价还价。短语beexpectedto“有望做某事”。故选A。【24题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：我的中国朋友教给我要去掉原价的40%或是50%。A.up向上；B.away离开；C.off脱离；D.on在上面。结合后文“theoriginalprice”可知此处应用介词off表示“减价，削价”。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果销售人员不同意我的价格，我应该假装离开，这样他可能会让我回来把东西卖给我。A.promise承诺；B.pretend假装；C.decide决定；D.hope希望。结合后文“hemightletmeebackandsellmetheitem”可知是假装离开，为了让售货员同意自己的出价，pretendtodo“假装做某事”。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你住在中国，这是你必须练习的技能。A.tolerate忍受；B.understand理解；C.practise练习；D.consider考虑。结合上文“Itisaskill”可知skill“技能”应与practise搭配。故选C。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在美国，许多从事服务业的人都想通过服务客户来赚外快。A.easy容易的；B.extra额外的；C.pocket小型的；D.prize奖品。结合常识，在美国许多在服务性行业的人都通过服务顾客来获得额外的（extra）钱，即小费。故选B。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他看起来有一点儿困惑，拒绝接受这个钱。A.excited激动的；B.satisfied满意的；C.frightened害怕的；D.confused困惑的。结合上文“TippingisnotapartofChineseculture.”可知小费不是中国的习俗，所以司机看起来有点困惑。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在晚宴上，也许最让美国客人惊讶的是，一些中国主人喜欢把食物放进客人的盘子里。A.own拥有；B.children孩子；C.neighbors邻居；D.guests客人。结合上文“Chinesehosts”可知此处指主人喜欢给客人的盘子里添食物。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的中国朋友告诉我，如果我不想吃，就把食物留在盘子里。A.leave留下，离开；B.remain保持；C.put放置；D.taste品尝。结合上文“ifIdidn’twanttoeatit”可知不想吃食物，就把食物留在盘子里。故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文。根据句子内容在空白处填入1个适当的完整单词。有些词首字母已给出。31.Don’tyouknowit’srudetow________(低语)?(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】whisper##hisper【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：难道你不知道耳语是不礼貌的吗？结合中英文提示，用动词whisper表示“低语”，用动词原形构成不定式作主语。故填whisper。32.Whilethedoctorconcentrateson________(examine)Lara’sankle,Igetherattentionbydoingamagictrick.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】examining【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当医生集中精力检查劳拉的脚踝时，我用一个魔术吸引了她的注意。提示词examine(检查)作介词宾语，用动名词形式examining。故填examining。33.Humourhasbeenane________(极其重要，必不可少)partofhumanbehaviourforthousandsofyears.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】essential##ssential【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：幽默作为人类行为的一个极其重要的部分已经存在了数千年。本空用形容词essential“极其重要，必不可少”，作前置定语，修饰名词part。故填essential。34.I’mjustnotinthem________(心情)forapartytonight.(根据中英文提示填空）【答案】mood#ood【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词。句意：我今晚没什么心情去参加派对。根据汉语提示及句意，该处首字母提示词应名词，且构成固定搭配beinthemindfor（doing）sth，意为有兴致做某事。故填mood。35.Beautyandwisdom______(rare)gotogether.(所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】rarely【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：美貌和智慧很难并存。空白处后为动词，所以空白处要用副词修饰动词，作状语，故填rarely。36.WhileyouareinGuilin,manylocalfoodsareworth__________(taste).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】tasting【解析】【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：当你在桂林的时候，许多当地的食物都值得品尝。beworthdoing是固定搭配，worth后接动名词作宾语，表示“值得做某事”。故填tasting。37.Anystudentwhotriestoc__________(欺骗，作弊)whiletheexamineriswatchingisplayingwithfire.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】cheat##heat【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：任何在监考员注视下企图作弊的学生都是在玩火。本空用动词cheat“欺骗，作弊”，位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形。故填cheat。38Thereportd__________(值得，应受到)carefulconsideration.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】deserves##eserves【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：这篇报道值得仔细考虑。根据中英文提示可知应用动词deserve，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为单数名词，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填deserves。39.I’msurethatIcanliveuptoyour_______(expect).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】expectations【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：我相信我能达到你的期望。“期望”作为介词to的宾语，用可数名词expectation，表示“期望，指望”常用复数形式。故填expectations。40.Shelivesdailyundert________(威胁)ofviolence.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】threat##hreat【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：她每天生活在暴力的威胁之下。“威胁”作为介词under的宾语，结合首字母提示，用名词threat，此处偏向于表达一种持续性的单一状态，用单数形式。故填threat。第四部分语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ClownDoctorsInhospitalwaitingrooms,there’salways____41____atmosphereofboredomandtension.Peoplesit____42____(fortable)onplasticchairs,lookingthrougholdmagazines,allofwhichhavebeenreadhundredsoftimes.Anxiousparentsdowhattheycantofortnervousandcryingchildren.Thisiswherewespecially____43____(train)clowndoctorscanbehelpful,sincescientificstudiesshowthatlaughterproduceschemicals____44____(make)peoplefeelbetter.IchosethiscareerbecauseofmyexperienceofgoingtohospitalwhenIwasakid.IwillneverforgethowfrightenedandboredIfeltthen!Beingaclowndoctor____45____(mean)Icanhelppeoplebyentertainingthem.Visitinghospitalsandotherhealthcarefacilities,weworktogetherwithmedical___46___(profession).Onatypicalday,wespendourtime____47____(cheer)uppatients,theirfamilies,andeventhehospitalstaff!Wedothisbydoingmagictricks,singingsongs,tellingstoriesand,ofcourse,tellingsillyjokes.Somechildren,though,don’tfeellikelaughing,especially____48____they’reinpain.Wehavetobeverysensitiveandworkcloselywiththedoctorsandnurses,____49____keepusupdatedoneachpatient.WhenItakeoffmywigandmyrednose,I’mstillwearingabigsmile,asIrememberallthefunandlaughteroftheday.Ihopethatclowndoctorscanhelpmakethehospitalafriendlierplacetovisit.Afterall,_____50_____reallyistruethat“laughteristhebestmedicine”.【答案】41.an42.unfortably43.trained44.tomake45.means46.professionals47.cheering48.if##when49.who50.it【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了小丑医生这一职业，讲述了小丑医生在医院里如何通过娱乐的方式帮助病人、家属以及医院工作人员缓解紧张情绪，并表达了作者对小丑医生这一职业的热爱和希望。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：在医院的候诊室里，总有一种无聊和紧张的气氛。句中可数名词atmosphere意为“一种……气氛”，泛指，且atmosphere发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：人们不舒服地坐在塑料椅子上，翻阅着已经读过数百遍的旧杂志。修饰动词sit，应用副词unfortably作状语，意为“不舒适地，不自在地”。故填unfortably。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这就是我们专门培训过的小丑医生可以发挥作用的地方，因为科学研究表明，笑声会产生使人感觉更好的化学物质。train(培训)修饰名词clowndoctors，作定语，是非谓语动词，与逻辑主语clowndoctors构成被动关系，意思是“被培训过的”，用过去分词作定语。故填trained。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这就是我们专门培训过的小丑医生可以发挥作用的地方，因为科学研究表明，笑声会产生使人感觉更好的化学物质。“(make)peoplefeelbetter”是“laughterproduceschemicals”的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填tomake。【45题详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：作为小丑医生，意味着我可以通过娱乐来帮助人们。mean(意味着)是主句谓语动词，与主语Beingaclowndoctor之间是主动关系，描述一般性事实应使用一般现在时态，又因主语是动名词短语，谓语应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应