专题06 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致-【好题汇编】五年（2020-2024）高考英语真题分类汇编

5【好题汇编】五年（2020-2024）高考英语真题分类汇编（全国通用）原卷版专题06动词的时态、语态和主谓一致第一部分：动词的时态、语态考点五年考情（2020-2024）命题趋势考点1考查动词时态语态用法，且句中有明确的时间状语提示（5年8考）2024九省联考卷—wereused;2024浙江1月卷—havestarted;2023北京卷—hasestablished;2023天津3月卷—hascaused；2022北京卷—hasbeen;2022新课标I卷—were;2022全国甲卷—haswalked;2021北京卷—hasincreased;2022浙江1月卷—haspromised;2021全国甲卷—wasbuilt;2020全国I卷—touched。1.考查动词时态语态用法，且句中有明确的时间状语提示，尤其要掌握一般过去时，现在完成时的时间状语标志。2.考查动词时态语态用法，且有固定句型限制或暗示，如Itisthefirsttimethat…等。3.考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑主从复合句时态呼应。4.考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑语境整体时态。5.考查情态动词在被动语态用法，且注意情态动词后接动词原形基本用法。考点2考查动词时态语态用法，且有固定句型限制或暗示（5年1考）2022新课标II卷—wasfixing;2022北京卷-caught;2021浙江卷--sold。考点3考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑主从复合句时态呼应（5年5考）2024新课标II卷—were；2024新课标II卷—wasbuilt2024全国甲卷—were;2023新课标II卷—wished;2023全国乙卷--wasamazed;2023北京卷—threw;2023北京卷—hadarrived；2023天津3月卷—willbebringing;2023天津6月卷--isbeingrestored。考点4考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑语境整体时态（5年7考）2024新课标I卷—walks;2022浙江卷—noticed;2022北京卷—has;2022新课标I卷—isdesigned;2021新课标II卷—was;2021全国甲卷—hired;2021浙江1月卷—isconsidered;2021浙江卷—waspainted;2020新课标—formed;2020新课标—arecalled。考点5考查情态动词在被动语态用法，且注意情态动词后接动词原形基本用法（5年4考）2024全国甲卷—shouldbedone;2024浙江1月卷—couldbeoffered;2023全国甲卷—canbeemployed;2022浙江卷—canbeappreciated;2020全国III卷—wouldbechosen。考点一：考查动词时态语态用法，且句中有明确的时间状语提示。1.(2024九省联考卷）Fountainpens__________(use)inschoolslongagoandhavebeenregainingpopularitylatelybecausetheyarerefillable.2.（2024浙江1月卷）Overthelasttwoyears,somesupermarkets__________(start)sellingchickenorsaladinpacksdesignedwithtwohalvescontainingseparateportions(份).3.（2023北京卷）Uptonow,China__________(establish)anumberofprotectedareaswithmangroves.4．（2023天津3月卷）Humanimpactontheanimalkingdom,suchashuntinganddestructionofhabitats,___________areductioninthepopulationofcertainspeciesinthepastthreedecades.A．hascaused B．havecausedC．wascausing D．werecausing5.（2022北京卷）Theuseofthoseplastics(increase)by300%since2019.Theworldwon’tsurviveifthissituationcontinues.6.（2021北京卷）There__________(be)adramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,causedlargelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.7.（2022新课标I卷）Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat__________(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthoritytoincreaseeffectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.8.（2022全国甲卷）Inthelastfiveyears,Cao_________(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents,andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa’shighestmountain.9.（2022北京卷）Theuseofthoseplastics_________(increase)by300%since2019.Theworldwon’tsurviveifthissituationcontinues.10.（2022浙江1月卷）OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,roughly200academics-manyofthemclimatescientists_________(promise)toflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.11.（2021新课标I卷）Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan’thelpwonderinghowhardit_________(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.12.（2021全国甲卷）TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.It_________(build)originallytoprotectthecityintheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修复).13.（2021北京卷）There_________(be)adramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,causedlargelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.14.（2020全国I卷）TheunmannedChang’e-4probe(探测器)-thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess_________(touch)downlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.考点二：考查动词时态语态用法，且有固定句型限制或暗示。15.（2022新课标II卷）Henry_________(fix)hiscarwhenheheardthescreams.HelookedupandsawErichangingfromthebalcony.16.（2022北京卷）Eventually,theman_________(catch)upwithher,andhewasonlytryingtoreturnherwallet!17.（2021浙江卷）AfterLincolnwaselectedPresidentoftheUSin1861,theyrentedthehouseand_________(sell)mostoftheirfurniture.考点三：考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑主从复合句时态呼应。18.（2024新课标II卷）“SomeofthethingsthatTangwaswritingabout___58___(be)alsoShakespeare’sconcerns.IhappentoknowthatTang’splayThePeonyPavilion(《牡丹亭》)issimilarinsomeways___59___RomeoandJuliet.”19.（2024新课标II卷）Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,inspiredbyThePeonyPavilion,___61___(build)attheFirsGarden,justtenminutes’walkfromShakespeare’sbirthplace.20.（2024全国甲卷）They64(be)partofa15-memberexploringpartythathadspentalmostfiveawesomeweeksinwitnessofthenaturalbeautiesthere.21.（2023新课标II卷）Asalittlegirl,I_________(wish)tobeazookeeperwhenIgrewup.22.（2023全国乙卷）Havingvisitedseveraltimesoverthelast10years,I_________(amaze)bytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遗产)whileconstantlygrowing.23.（2023北京卷）SoonaftermovingtoSwitzerland,I_________(throw)ahouse-warmingpartyandwasgreatlysurprisedwhenall30guestsshowedupexactlyontime.24.（2023北京卷）Yearslater,havingmovedtoFrance.Iturnedupattheappointedhourforadinner,onlytofindthatnootherguest_________(arrive)andmyhostesswasstillinhersleepingsuit.25．（2023天津3月卷）Somerestaurantsarehappytoprovideafreecakeifyouletthemknowinadvancethatyou________agroupforabirthdayparty.A．willbebringing B．havebroughtC．havebeenbringing D．werebringing26.（2023天津6月卷）Thewoodentowerthat_________willbeopentotouristssoon,andtheworkisalmostfinished.A．isbeingrestored B．isrestoredC．isrestoring D．restores考点四：考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑语境整体时态。27.（2024新课标I卷）Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhouse60(walk)visitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainforthefirsttime.28.（2022浙江卷）Whenhefelta3DversionofLeonardodaVinci’s“MonaLisa”he_________(notice)hersmilerightaway.”Icanactuallyfeelwhatyouseewhenyoulookatit,”hesaid.29.（2022北京卷）Gasnaturally(have)norecognisablesmell.However,astrongsmellisaddedsothatwecanraisethealarmwhenwedetectthesmellassociatedwithdanger.30.（2022新课标I卷）TheGPNP_________(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,andleavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerations”.31.（2021新课标II卷）Ikeptgoing.WheneverIheardofbusinessesusingplastic,I'dsendanemail.OneofthebiggestcompaniesIwroteto_________(be)AlaskaAirlinesParis.32.（2021全国甲卷）We_________(hire)ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshakybutdidthejob.33.（2021浙江1月卷）Itiscalculatedbydividingaperson’sweightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared,andaBMIofbetween19and25_________(consider)healthy.34.（2021浙江卷）Mary’sniecewrote,"Thelittlehome_________(paint)white.Itwassweetandfresh.Marylovedit.Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewasareflectionofherself,everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder.35.（2020北京卷）TheNeanderthals_________（live）alongsidehumanancestorsinEuropefortensofthousandsofyears,beforedyingoutabout40,000yearsago.36.（2020新课标）The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,_________(form)thecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseumthatopenedin1759.37.（2020新课标）Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic_________(call)galleriesorrooms.考点五：考查情态动词在被动语态用法，且注意情态动词后接动词原形基本用法。38.（2024全国甲卷）Whatshould65(do)withsuchabeautifulplace?Theywonderedoutloud.39.（2024浙江1月卷）However,thoughit’snicetogetafewcentsoffapackofsausages,itwouldhelpevenmoreiftheycouldsometimes__________(offer)insmallerpacks.40.（2023全国甲卷）Carsonprovesthatasimplelyricformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill_________(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.41.（2022浙江卷）Tounderstandapainting,we’retaughttolookforcolor,composition,andlight.Buthowcanapainting_________(appreciate)bysomeonewho’sblind?42.（2020全国III卷）Theartistwassurehewould_________(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.第二部分：主谓一致

考点五年考情（2020-2024）命题趋势考点1考查语法一致（谓语动词的单复数要与主语单复数保持一致）（5年14考）2024新课标I卷--walks;2024新课标II卷--were;2024新课标II卷—wasbuilt;2024全国甲卷--were;2024九省联考卷—wereused;2024浙江1月卷—havestarted;2023北京卷—hasestablished;2023全国乙卷—wasamazed;2022北京卷—hasincreased;2022新课标I卷—were;2022全国甲卷—haswalked;2022浙江1月卷—isdesigned;2022新课标II卷—wasfixing;2020新课标—arecalled.1.考查语法一致（谓语动词的单复数要与主语单复数保持一致）用法。2.考查意义一致（一些集体名词需要根据其语境含义确定谓语单复数形式）用法。3.考查就近一致（either..or,neither…nor…,notonly…butalso….等）的用法。考点2考查意义一致（一些集体名词需要根据其语境含义确定谓语单复数形式）（5年0考）2017江苏--was考点3考查就近一致（either..or,neither…nor…,notonly…butalso….等）（5年1考）2021北京卷—hasbeen;2019江苏卷—hasgiven;2019天津卷—wasgiven;2017天津卷—isregarded。考点一：语法一致（谓语动词的单复数要与主语单复数保持一致）。1.（2024新课标I卷）Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhouse60(walk)visitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainforthefirsttime.2.（2024新课标II卷）“SomeofthethingsthatTangwaswritingabout___58___(be)alsoShakespeare’sconcerns.IhappentoknowthatTang’splayThePeonyPavilion(《牡丹亭》)issimilarinsomewaystoRomeoandJuliet.”3.（2024新课标II卷）Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,inspiredbyThePeonyPavilion,___61___(build)attheFirsGarden,justtenminutes’walkfromShakespeare’sbirthplace.4.（2024全国甲卷）They64(be)partofa15-memberexploringpartythathadspentalmostfiveawesomeweeksinwitnessofthenaturalbeautiesthere.5.(2024九省联考卷）Fountainpens__________(use)inschoolslongagoandhavebeenregainingpopularitylatelybecausetheyarerefillable.6.（2024浙江1月卷）Overthelasttwoyears,somesupermarkets__________(start)sellingchickenorsaladinpacksdesignedwithtwohalvescontainingseparateportions(份).7.（2023北京卷）Uptonow,China__________(establish)anumberofprotectedareaswithmangroves.8.（2023全国乙卷）Havingvisitedseveraltimesoverthelast10years,I_________(amaze)bytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遗产)whileconstantlygrowing.9.（2023北京卷）Yearslater,havingmovedtoFrance.Iturnedupattheappointedhourforadinner,onlytofindthatnootherguest_________(arrive)andmyhostesswasstillinhersleepingsuit.10.（2022北京卷）Theuseofthoseplastics(increase)by300%since2019.Theworldwon’tsurviveifthissituationcontinues.11.（2022新课标I卷）Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat__________(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthoritytoincreaseeffectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.12.（2022全国甲卷）Inthelastfiveyears,Cao_________(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents,andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa’shighestmountain.13.（2022北京卷）Theuseofthoseplastics_________(increase)by300%since2019.Theworldwon’tsurviveifthissituationcontinues.14.（2022浙江1月卷）OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,roughly200academics-manyofthemclimatescientists_________(promise)toflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.15.（2022新课标I卷）TheGPNP_________(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,andleavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerations”.16.（2022北京卷）Gasnaturally(have)norecognisablesmell.However,astrongsmellisaddedsothatwecanraisethealarmwhenwedetectthesmellassociatedwithdanger.17.（2021新课标II卷）Ikeptgoing.WheneverIheardofbusinessesusingplastic,I'dsendanemail.OneofthebiggestcompaniesIwroteto_________(be)AlaskaAirlinesParis.18.（2021浙江1月卷）Itiscalculatedbydividingaperson’sweightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared,andaBMIofbetween19and25_________(consider)healthy.19.（2021浙江卷）Mary’sniecewrote,"Thelittlehome_________(paint)white.Itwassweetandfresh.Marylovedit.Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewasareflectionofherself,everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder.20.（2021新课标I卷）Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan’thelpwonderinghowhardit_________(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.21.（2021全国甲卷）TheXi'anCityWallisthe