北京市顺义区第二中学2023-2024学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题

高二年级第一学期10月学业成果展示——英语本试卷共100分。考试时长90分钟。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ThestoryofJenniferBrickerisoneofthemostamazingstory,whichisfullofbothgreatsurprisesandlifelessons.JenniferwasborninRomaniawithoutanylegs.Shewaslater____1____byalovingAmericanfamily,theBrickers,andraisedinthesmalltownofHardinville,Illinois.TheBrickersneverletthis____2____stopherfromachievingherdreams.Hernewparentsgaveherasimplerule,“Neversaycan’t”!Theydidwhatevertheycouldtomakeherlifeasuccess.Thegirlwas____3____justliketheBrickers’ownchildren.Shewasencouragedtoplaywiththeothernormalboysandgirlsandbecamegoodatmany____4____,includingvolleyball,softballandbasketball.Butitwastumbling(翻腾运动)thatwashertruelove.Whenshewasalittlegirl,shewasabig____5____oftheOlympicgoldmedalistDominqueMoceanu.ShewouldcopyheronTVwheneverDominqueMoceanu____6____inthetumblingprogramsandcontinuepracticingafterwards.AsshegrewolderJenniferbegan____7____againstprofessionaltumblingathletesaroundIllinois.Notonlydidshepete,butsheevenwentontobeeaStateChampion!Jenniferandherfamilyalwaysbelievedshecoulddowhatevershewantedtoandthatherpositiveattitudeandhardworkwouldmakeitanother____8____.Ifherstorywasnotamazingenoughalready,whenJenniferturned16,shegotthemost____9____newsinherlife.ShelearnedthatherbelovedDominqueMoceanuwasactuallyherbiologicalsister!NowJenniferistouringthecountryasa(n)_____10_____speakertoencouragemoredisabledyoungsters.1.A.adopted B.injured C.sold D.seen2.A.disability B.gift C.excuse D.failure3.A.signedup B.broughtup C.putup D.keptup4.A.roles B.instruments C.sports D.tricks5.A.audience B.athlete C.member D.fan6.A.performed B.appeared C.hosted D.challenged7.A.peting B.fighting C.acting D.going8.A.pity B.topic C.challenge D.success9.A.disturbing B.popular C.unbelievable D.reliable10.A.fluent B.loud C.silent D.inspiring【答案】1.A2.A3.B4.C5.D6.B7.A8.D9.C10.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是先天无腿的詹妮弗·布里克在父母的鼓励下积极参加体育锻炼，并参加州运动会而最终成为冠军的故事，而且她的故事充满了惊奇，她还进行全国巡回演讲激励那些残疾青少年。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，她被一个充满爱心的美国家庭布里克收养，并在伊利诺伊州哈丁维尔的小镇上长大。A.adopted收养；B.injured受伤；C.sold卖；D.seen看见。根据下文中的“Thegirlwas____3____justliketheBrickers’ownchildren.”可知，她像布里克家自己的孩子一样，由此可推断，此空指的是她是被布里克家“收养”的。故选A项。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：布里克夫妇从未让这种残疾阻止她实现梦想。A.disability残疾；B.gift礼物；C.excuse借口；D.failure失败。根据上文中的“JenniferwasborninRomaniawithoutanylegs.”可知，詹妮弗天生没有腿，由此可推断，此处指的是布里克一家没有让“残疾”阻碍她实现自己的梦想。故选A项。【3题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这个女孩就像布里克家自己的孩子一样被抚养长大。A.signedup报名；B.broughtup培养，抚养；C.putup张贴；D.keptup维持。根据语境和下文中的“Shewasencouragedtoplaywiththeothernormalboysandgirlsandbecamegoodatmany____4____,includingvolleyball,softballandbasketball.”可知，她被鼓励和其他正常的男孩和女孩一起玩耍，由此可知，此处指的是她被像其他孩子一样被“培养”。故选B项。【4题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她被鼓励和其他正常的男孩和女孩一起玩耍，并擅长许多运动，包括排球、垒球和篮球。A.roles角色；B.instruments乐器；C.sports运动；D.tricks诡计。根据语境和下文中的“includingvolleyball,softballandbasketball.”可知，此处指的是“体育运动”符合语境。故选C项。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她还是个小女孩的时候，她是奥运会金牌得主DominqueMoceanu的忠实粉丝。A.audience听众；B.athlete运动员；C.member成员；D.fan粉丝。根据上文中的“Butitwastumbling(翻腾运动)thatwashertruelove.”可知，翻腾运动是詹妮弗的真爱，结合下文“ShewouldcopyheronTVwheneverDominqueMoceanu____6____inthetumblingprogramsandcontinuepracticingafterwards.”可知，无论何时电视上有DominqueMoceanu的翻腾运动的节目，她都会去模仿，由此可推断，她是DominqueMoceanu的“粉丝”。故选D项。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当DominqueMoceanu出现在电视的翻腾运动节目中，她都会模仿她，然后继续练习。A.performed表演，执行；B.appeared出现；C.hosted主办；D.challenged挑战。根据上文中的“ShewouldcopyheronTVwheneverDominqueMoceanu”可知，詹妮弗都要去模仿DominqueMoceanu的翻腾运动，由此可推断，此处指的是每次DominqueMoceanu“出现”在电视节目中。故选B项。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，詹妮弗开始参加伊利诺斯州的专业翻腾运动运动比赛。A.peting竞争，参加比赛；B.fighting战斗；C.acting表演；D.going去，走。根据下文中的“Notonlydidshepete,butsheevenwentontobeeaStateChampion!”可知，她不仅要参加比赛，而且她甚至成为了州冠军，由此可知，此处为“参加比赛”符合语境。故选A项。【8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：詹妮弗和她的家人一直相信她可以做任何她想做的事，她积极的态度和努力的工作将使她再次成功。A.pity可惜；B.topic话题；C.challenge挑战；D.success成功。根据上文中的“Jenniferandherfamilyalwaysbelievedshecoulddowhatevershewantedtoandthatherpositiveattitudeandhardworkwouldmakeit”可知，詹妮弗和她的家人始终相信她积极的态度以及刻苦的训练会使人“成功”符合语境。故选D项。【9题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果她的故事还不够神奇的话，当詹妮弗16岁的时候，她得到了生命中最令人难以置信的消息。A.disturbing令人不安的；B.popular受欢迎的；C.unbelievable难以置信的；D.reliable可靠的。根据下文中的“ShelearnedthatherbelovedDominqueMoceanuwasactuallyherbiologicalsister!”可知，她了解到她崇拜的偶像DominqueMoceanu竟是她的姐姐，由此可知，此处应为这是一个“难以置信的”消息。故选C项。【10题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在詹妮弗作为一个鼓舞人心的演讲者在全国巡回演讲，鼓励更多的残疾青少年。A.fluent流利的；B.loud声音大的；C.silent沉默的；D.inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据语境和下文中的“toencouragemoredisabledyoungsters.”可知，詹妮弗全国演讲鼓励更多的残疾青少年，由此可知推断，此处指的是她作为一名“鼓舞人心的”演讲者，符合语境。故选D项。第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。TheStarryNight____11____(paint)byVanGoghin1889.Hepainted____12____hesawfromhiswindow.Itisnowoneoftheworld’smostfamous____13____(painting).【答案】11.waspainted12.what13.paintings【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是梵高的画作《星夜》。【11题详解】考查动词语态。句意：《星夜》是梵高1889年画的。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据时间状语in1889可知，此处应使用一般过去时，结合句意，paint与句子主语TheStarryNight之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且句子主语为第三人称单数，be动词使用was。故填waspain【12题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：他把从窗户里看到的画了下来。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连接词引导的宾语从句作painted的宾语，从句中缺少宾语，且此处指的是事物，应用连接代词what。故填what【13题详解】考查名词复数。句意：它现在是世界上最著名的画作之一。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，根据“oneof+名词复数”可知，应用painting的复数形式。故填paintings。阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ThepeoplelivinginWenchuancountywillneverforgettheday12May,2008.Now,morethan10yearson,thepeopleinWenchuanarelivinga____14____（good）lifethanbefore.Manyliveinnewtowns____15____peoplecanlivesafely.Thepeoplewillneverforgetthosewho____16____（rescue）themandhelpedthemrebuildtheirhome.Outofgratitude,manyyoungadultshavechosentostudymedicineorjointhearmyinawishtohelpmorepeople.WenchuanhasbeeasymboloftheChinesespiritofnevergivingup.【答案】14.better15.where16.rescued【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了汶川县人民经过地震后勇敢面对生活和永不放弃的精神。【14题详解】考查比较级。句意：现在，10多年过去了，汶川人民的生活比以前更好了。根据thanbefore可知，good应该使用比较级，故填better。【15题详解】考查定语从句。句意：许多人住在人们可以安全生活的新市镇。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，towns是先行词，指物，从句缺少状语，使用关系副词where引导定语从句，故填where。【16题详解】考查时态。句意：人民永远不会忘记那些营救他们并帮助他们重建家园的人。动词rescue和helped并列，使用一般过去时，故填rescued。阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。In2009,Whitacrereceivedavideoofagirl____17____wassingingoneofhisworks.Inspired,heaskedhisfans____18____（make）videos,whichhethenjoinedtogetherintooneperformance.Hisfirstvirtualchoirhad185singers____19____twentydifferentcountries.IthasreceivedmillionsofviewsontheInternet.Sincethen,thevirtualchoir____20____（bee）aworldwidephenomenon.【答案】17.who##that18.tomake19.from20.hasbee【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了惠特克创办的虚拟合唱团已经广受世界人民的喜爱。【17题详解】考查定语从句。句意：2009年，惠特克收到一段视频，视频中一个女孩正在演唱他的一首作品。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，girl是先行词，指人，从句中缺主语，因此使用关系代词who或者that引导定语从句。故填who或者that。【18题详解】考查固定短语。句意：受到启发，他让粉丝们制作视频，然后他把这些视频组合成一场表演。asksbtodosth：叫某人做某事。故填tomake。【19题详解】考查介词。句意：他的第一个虚拟合唱团有来自20个不同国家的185名歌手。分析句子结构可知，空格处应该填入介词，需要的词义为“来自”。故填from。【20题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：从那时起，虚拟合唱团已经成为一种世界性的现象。根据句中的“sincethen”可知，谓语动词使用现在完成时，主语thevirtualchoir

为单数意义且与动词bee是主动关系。故填hasbee。第二部分：阅读理解(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheBestNoodlesinChinaLet’strydifferentnoodlesandfindoutwhatmakesthesenoodlessospecial.Zhenjiang’potcovernoodleOrigin:Zhenjiang,JiangsuPrice:15RMBPotcovernoodleisZhenjiang’sspecialfood.Whenthenoodleisbeingboiled,awoodenlidisputontheboilingwater.That’swhyitisnamed“WokLidNoodle”.Thespecialnoodleusedforthisdishiscalled“JumpyNoodle”,whichhastinyholesthatabsorbtheflavorsquicklyandofferachewytexture(口感).Shanxi’sslicednoodleOrigin:Taiyuan,ShanxiPrice:15~25RMBSlicednoodleoriginatedinTaiyuan,ShanxiProvinceinthe12thcentury,andhaslongenjoyedthetitleof“KingofNoodle”.Thenoodleispeeled(削)withaknife,soitiscalled“KnifePeeledNoodle”.Smoothandchewy,softyetneversticky,thenoodlepossessesauniquetexture.Itisservedwithtomatoandmeatsauce.Muttonsoupisthemostpopular.Lanzhou’shandpullednoodleOrigin:Lanzhou,GansuPrice:Under15RMBLanzhou’shandpullednoodleisservedwithbeef,pepper,sourgarlic,andbeefsoupcookedwithsecretrecipesoftheHuiminority.ItisusuallyenjoyedforbreakfastorlunchbypeopleinthenorthwestofChina.Yanji’ssobanoodleOrigin:Yanji,JilinPrice:18~25RMBYanji’ssobanoodleisthetraditionalfoodofChina’sKoreanminority.Boiledsobanoodleisputincoldwater,andthenmixedwithcoldbeefsoup.Thesweetandsoursobanoodleprovestobeagreattreatinthehotsummer.21.WhichofthefollowingdisheshastousethesocalledJumpyNoodle?A.Yanji’ssobanoodle. B.Shanxi’sslicednoodle.C.Lanzhou’shandpullednoodle. D.Zhenjiang’spotcovernoodle.22.WheredoesLanzhou’shandpullednoodleoriginateinChina?A.InthenortheastofChina. B.InthenorthwestofChina.C.IntheeastofChina. D.InthenorthofChina.23.WhatisuniqueaboutYanji’ssobanoodle?A.Itisakindofcoldnoodle. B.Itisservedwithsoup.CItiseateninsummer. D.Itismadebyaminoritygroup.【答案】21.D22.B23.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了我国最著名的四种面条。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据Zhenjiang’potcovernoodle中“Thespecialnoodleusedforthisdishiscalled“JumpyNoodle”,whichhastinyholesthatabsorbtheflavorsquicklyandofferachewytexture(口感).”（这道菜使用的特殊面条被称为“跳面”，上面有小洞，可以迅速吸收味道，有嚼劲。）可知，镇江的锅盖面必须使用所谓的“跳跳面”。故选D项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Lanzhou’shandpullednoodle中“Origin:Lanzhou,Gansu”（产地：甘肃兰州）以及“ItisusuallyenjoyedforbreakfastorlunchbypeopleinthenorthwestofChina.”（中国西北地区的人们通常在早餐或午餐时享用它。）可知，兰州拉面起源于中国西北地区。故选B项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据Yanji’ssobanoodle中“Boiledsobanoodleisputincoldwater,andthenmixedwithcoldbeefsoup.Thesweetandsoursobanoodleprovestobeagreattreatinthehotsummer.”（煮熟的荞麦面放入冷水中，然后与冷牛肉汤混合。在炎热的夏天，甜甜的荞麦面是一种很好的享受。）可知，延吉荞麦面的独特之处是它是一种冷面。故选A项。BRecyclingElectronicWasteWhenAlexLinwas11yearsold,hereadanalarmingarticleinthenewspaperwhichsaidthatpeoplewereburyingoldputersinbackyards,throwingTVsintostreams,anddumping(丢弃)cellphonesinthegarbage.Thiswasdangerousbecauseewastecontainsharmfulchemicalsthatcanleakintotheenvironment,gettingintocrops,animals,watersupplies—andpeople.AlexwasreallyworriedanddecidedtomakeitnextprojectforWIN—theWesterlyInnovationsNetwork.Alexandsixofhisfriendshadformedthisorganizationtohelpsolvemunityproblemstwoyearsbefore.Butwhatcouldtheydoaboutthisprojectwithewaste?Theteamspentseveralweeksgatheringinformationabouttheharmfulchemicalsinewasteandtheireffectsonhumans.Theylearnedhowtodispose(处置)ofewasteproperlyandhowitcouldberecycled.Then,theysentoutasurveyandfoundonlyoneineightknewwhatewastewas,letalonehowtoproperlydisposeofit.Alexandhisfriendswentintoaction.Theyadvertisedinthelocalnewspaperanddistributednoticestostudents,askingresidentstobringtheirunwantedelectronicstotheschoolparkinglot.Thedrivelastedtwodays,andtheycollectedover9,500kilogramsofewaste.Thenextstepwastosetupalongtermewastedropoffcenterforthetown.Aftersomeresearch,they’dlearnedthatreusingisthebestwaytodealwithelectronicdevicesanditisseventimesmoreefficientthanrecycling.So,theybeganlearningtorefurbish(翻新)putersthemselvesanddistributedthemtostudentswhodidn’thavetheirown.Inthisway,theycouldhelpstudentsintheareaandprotecttheenvironmentatthesametime.Foralastingsolutiontoewaste,thedropoffcenterwasn’tenough.Lawswouldhavetobepassed.In2016,WINhelpedpushforanewastebillintheirtown,whichrequiredpaniesthatmanufacturedorsoldelectronicstotakebackewaste.Thebillclearlyforbidsthedumpingofewaste.BecauseoftheworkofWIN,moreandmorepeople,likeAlexandhisteam,aregettingthemessageaboutsafedisposalofewaste.AsAlexsays,“Today’stechnologyshouldnotbeetomorrow’sharmfulgarbage.”24.WhatwasAlex’sworryafterhereadthearticle?A.Thelitteringofewaste. B.Therecyclingofplastic.C.Thechangeofenvironment. D.Theoveruseofoldputers.25.WhatdidAlexdotostarttheproject?A.SetupWIN. B.Collectinformation.C.Askfriendsforhelp. D.Carryoutasurvey.26.WhichcanbestdescribethewayAlexandhisteamdidtheirwork?A.Traditional. B.petitive.C.Scientific. D.Convenient.27.Whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey?A.Thereisnoendtoperfection.B.Successesthroughfailure.C.Everypositiveattitudehasareward.D.Youngpeoplecanmakeabigdifference.【答案】24.A25.B26.C27.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了几个十几岁的年轻人为了避免电子垃圾对环境造成的影响，想办法循环利用电子垃圾的事情。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“WhenAlexLinwas11yearsold,hereadanalarmingarticleinthenewspaperwhichsaidthatpeoplewereburyingoldputersinbackyards,throwingTVsintostreams,anddumping(丢弃)cellphonesinthegarbage.Thiswasdangerousbecauseewastecontainsharmfulchemicalsthatcanleakintotheenvironment,gettingintocrops,animals,watersupplies—andpeople.”（当AlexLin11岁时，他在报纸上读到一篇令人震惊的文章，人们把旧电脑埋在后院，把电视扔到河里，把扔到垃圾堆里。这是危险的，因为电子垃圾中含有有害的化学物质，可能会泄漏到环境中，进入农作物、动物、水源和人类。）和第二段第一句话“Alexwasreallyworried”（Alex真的很担心）可知，Alex看到报纸上的文章，得知随意丢弃电子垃圾是危险的，会危害环境、农作物、动物、水源和人类，这让他很担心。由此可知，Alex看完这篇文章后担心的是乱扔电子垃圾的现象。故选A项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段关键句“Butwhatcouldtheydoaboutthisprojectwithewaste?Theteamspentseveralweeksgatheringinformationabouttheharmfulchemicalsinewasteandtheireffectsonhumans.”（但是他们能对这个电子垃圾项目做些什么呢？小组花了几周时间收集有关电子垃圾中有害化学物质及其对人类影响的信息。）可知，为了开展这个项目，小组首先花了几周时间收集有关电子垃圾中有害化学物质及其对人类影响的信息。由此可知，Alex通过收集信息的方式来开始这个项目。故选B项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段关键句“Butwhatcouldtheydoaboutthisprojectwithewaste?Theteamspentseveralweeksgatheringinformationabouttheharmfulchemicalsinewasteandtheireffectsonhumans.”（但是他们能对这个电子垃圾项目做些什么呢？小组花了几周时间收集有关电子垃圾中有害化学物质及其对人类影响的信息。）、第四段关键句“Alexandhisfriendswentintoaction.Theyadvertisedinthelocalnewspaperanddistributednoticestostudents,askingresidentstobringtheirunwantedelectronicstotheschoolparkinglot.”（Alex和他的朋友们开始行动了。他们在当地报纸上登广告，向学生们分发通知，要求居民们把不需要的电子产品带到学校停车场。）和第五段关键句“Thenextstepwastosetupalongtermewastedropoffcenterforthetown.”（下一步是为该镇建立一个长期的电子垃圾投放中心。）可知，Alex和他的朋友们为了开展这个项目，首先收集信息，然后通过登报和分发通知等方式进行宣传，接下来建立一个长期的电子垃圾投放中心，这种做法是科学的，再结合最后一段关键句“BecauseoftheworkofWIN,moreandmorepeople,likeAlexandhisteam,aregettingthemessageaboutsafedisposalofewaste.”（由于WIN的工作，越来越多的人，像Alex和他的团队一样，正在得到关于安全处理电子垃圾的信息。）可知，他们的工作获得了成功。由此可推断出，Alex和他的团队的工作方式是科学的。故选C项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。分析文章内容，结合最后一段关键句“BecauseoftheworkofWIN,moreandmorepeople,likeAlexandhisteam,aregettingthemessageaboutsafedisposalofewaste.”（由于WIN的工作，越来越多的人，像Alex和他的团队一样，正在得到关于安全处理电子垃圾的信息。）可知，文章主要讲述了几个十几岁的年轻人为了避免电子垃圾对环境造成的影响，想办法循环利用电子垃圾的事情，并最终获得了成功，越来越多的人知道了关于安全处理电子垃圾的信息。“Youngpeoplecanmakeabigdifference.”意为“年轻人可以有所作为。”能够概括这个故事传达的信息。故选D项。CJustbecauseascientistputsaGPStrackingcollaronawildpolarbeardoesnotmeantheanimalwillwillinglykeepiton.Theycanremoveit,ifonebeesannoying.Butscientistshavenowfoundawayofusingsignalsfromthosedroppedcollarstotracktheiceitself.Thescientistsidentified20collarsthattransmittedmovementdataconsistentwithicedrift(漂流)ratherthanpolarbearmotionbetween2005and2015.TheresultingrecordsofhowmeltingicedriftsinHudsonBayareunique;therearenoeasilyaccessibleonthegroundsensors,andsatelliteobservationsoftencannotaccuratelycapturethemotionofsmallicesheets.Theteamparedtheremovedcollars’movementstowidelyusedicedriftmodelingdatafromtheU.S.NationalSnowandIceDataCenter(NSIDC).CollardataindicatedthattheNSIDCmodelunderestimatesthespeedatwhichicemovesaroundinHudsonBay—aswellastheoverallextentofdrift.Overthecourseofseveralmonthsthemodelcoulddiverge(偏离)fromanicesheet’slocationbyafewhundredkilometers,thescientistssay.Thismeansthebearsmaybeworkingharder,whenmovingagainstthedirectionoftheice,thanscientistshadassumed,“Sincewe’reunderestimatingthespeedofdrift,we’relikelyunderestimatingtheenergeticeffortofpolarbears,”saysRonTogunov,wholedthestudy.Thestudyrevealstimelyinsightintohowhighlymobileicemoves.Asmeltingincreasesiningyears,suchicewilllikelybeemoremonfarthernorth,inthecentralArctic,saysAndyMahoney,ageophysicistattheUniversityofAlaska,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.ScientistshadknownNSIDCdatacouldunderestimatedriftspeeds,Mahoneysays,but“anytimewecanfindadatagapandplugitisagoodthing.”Plus,suchdatacouldimprovepredictionsabouthowoilspillsorotherpollutantsmayspreadinseaslitteredwithdriftingice,saysWaltMeier,aseniorNSIDCresearchscientist.ThefindingsmayeveninfluencefutureNSIDCmodels.“It'’sareallynicedataset.”Meiersays.“Andcertainlyonewe’lltakeunderconsideration.”28.WhatcanaGPStrackingcollardo?AMeasurethedepthoficesheet. B.Capturethemovementofice.C.Describethemeltingspeedofice. D.Recordtheemotionalstateofbears.29.Whatcanwelearnaboutthecollardata?A.Itshowstheicemovesmoreslowlyfromitsoriginallocation.B.Itmayrevealpolarbearsarenotsoenergeticasbefore.C.ItindicatestheiceismorelikelytomovesouthinthecentralArctic.D.Itcanhelppredictthelocationofsomepollutantsinseas.30.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.DataTellsaDifferentStory B.WildPolarBears’SignalingC.InsightsintoaPuzzlingAspect D.IceIsTakenunderConsideration【答案】28.B29.D30.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了GPS跟踪项圈能捕获冰层的运动，让我们对冰层移动的速度以及漂移的总体范围有了新的认知。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Butscientistshavenowfoundawayofusingsignalsfromthosedroppedcollarstotracktheiceitself.(但是科学家们现在发现了一种方法，可以利用掉下来的项圈发出的信号来追踪冰层本身)”和第二段关键句“Thescientistsidentified20collarsthattransmittedmovementdataconsistentwithicedrift(漂流)ratherthanpolarbearmotionbetween2005and2015.(科学家们发现了20个项圈，这些项圈传递的运动数据与2005年至2015年间的冰层漂流一致，而不是北极熊的运动)”可知，这些掉下来的GPS跟踪项圈可以发出信号来追踪冰层本身，能够传递冰层运动的数据。由此可知，GPS跟踪项圈能捕获冰的运动。故选B项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段关键句“Plus,suchdatacouldimprovepredictionsabouthowoilspillsorotherpollutantsmayspreadinseaslitteredwithdriftingice,saysWaltMeier,aseniorNSIDCresearchscientist.(此外，NSIDC的一位高级研究科学家WaltMeier说，这样的数据可以改进关于溢油或其他污染物如何在布满浮冰的海洋中扩散的预测)”可知，GPS跟踪项圈捕获的数据可以帮助预测海洋中一些污染物的位置。故选D项。【30题详解】主旨大意题。分析文章内容，结合第三段关键句“Theteamparedtheremovedcollars’movementstowidelyusedicedriftmodelingdatafromtheU.S.NationalSnowandIceDataCenter(NSIDC).CollardataindicatedthattheNSIDCmodelunderestimatesthespeedatwhichicemovesaroundinHudsonBay—aswellastheoverallextentofdrift.(研究小组将移除的项圈的运动与美国国家冰雪数据中心（NSIDC）广泛使用的冰漂移建模数据进行了比较。项圈数据表明，NSIDC模型低估了哈德逊湾冰层移动的速度以及漂移的总体范围)”可知，GPS跟踪项圈捕获的数据与NSIDC模型的数据不相符，让我们对冰层移动的速度以及漂移的总体范围有了新的认知。“DataTellsaDifferentStory”意为“数据说明了另一种情况”能够概括文章主要内容。故选A项。DAtuniversity,whenItoldpeopleIwasstudyingforahistorydegree,theresponsewasalmostalwaysthesame,“Youwanttobeateacher?”No,ajournalist.“Oh.Butyou’renotmajoringinmunications?”Inthedayswhenauniversityeducationwasaprivilege,perhapstherewasn’ttheassumptionthatadegreehadtobeaspringboarddirectlyintoacareer.Thosedaysarelonggone.Today,adegreeisallbutanecessityforthejobmarket,onethatmorethanhalvesyourchancesofbeingunemployed.Still,thataloneisnoguaranteeofajob—andyetwe’repayingmoreandmoreforone.Giventhosecosts,mostofuswanttomaximizethatinvestment—andthatcanleadtoaplugandplaytypeofapproachtohighereducation.Wanttobeajournalist?Studyjournalism,we’retold.Alawyer?Pursueprelaw.Nottotallysure?GointoSTEM(Science,Technology,EngineerandMaths)—youcanbeeanengineeroranITexpert.Andnomatterwhatyoudo,forgetthehumanities,suchashistory,philosophyandlanguages.It’struethatthehumanitiesewithahigherriskofunemployment,buttheriskisslighterthanyouwouldimagine.ForyoungpeopleintheU.S.,theunemploymentrateofthosewithhumanitiesdegreesisfourpercent,justalittlemorethanthatofengineeringdegreeholders.Lowersalariesmaynotbecausedbythedegreeitselfeither.Thegenderpaygappersistsinthehumanities,whosegraduatesaremorelikelytobefemale.Isitanywonderthenthatlanguageteacherstendtomakelessthanengineers?AccordingtoLinkedIn’sresearchonthemostsoughtafterjobskillsbyemployersfor2019,theabilitytomunicateandgetalongwithpeople,tounderstandwhat’sonotherpeople’sminds,andtodofullstrengthcriticalanalysiswereallvaluedandappreciated.Itgoeswithoutsayingthatyoucanbeanexcellentmunicatorandcriticalthinkerwithoutahumanitiesdegree.Andanygooduniversityeducation,notjustoneinEnglishorpsychology,shouldsharpentheseabilitiesfurther.Butfewcoursesofstudyarequiteasheavyonreading,writing,speakingandcriticalthinkingasthehumanities—whetherthat’sbydebatingotherstudentsinaseminar,writingathesispaperoranalyzingpoetry.ThewholequestionofwhetherastudentshouldchooseSTEMversusthehumanitiesmightbemisguidedtobeginwith.Theheadlinesmostofusseedon’thelp.Whateverastudentpursuesinuniversity,itmustbesomethingthattheyarenotonlygoodat,butinterestedin.Evenifitmeanspursuinga“useless”degree—likeoneinhumanities.31.Whyarepeoplepayingmoreandmoreforadegree?A.Becausepeopleneedadegreetofurthertheircareer.B.Becauseuniversityeducationisconsideredaprivilege.C.Becauseadegreeisviewedasamustforlandingajob.D.Becausetheirinterestcanbedevelopedinuniversity.32.Theauthormentionedaplugandplaytypeofapproachtoshow________.A.atipforchoosingamajorB.theimportanceofhighereducationC.aproblemthatexistsamongSTEMgraduatesD.thereasonwhypeopleoverlookthehumanities33.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthebenefitofmajoringinhumanities?A.Aparativelyhighsalaryaftergraduation.B.Betterchancesofgettingridofgenderprejudice.C.Abettermunicativeskillthansciencestudents.D.Moreexposuretothetrainingoflanguageandthinking.34.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthepursuitofhumanities?A.Doubtful. B.Optimistic.C.Objective. D.Concerned.【答案】31.C32.D33.D34.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。作者在文中引用了科学数据客观介绍了学习人文学科的利与弊，告诉我们学生在大学里学习的应该是自己擅长并感兴趣的东西，并不只是为了获得工作而学习。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“Today,adegreeisallbutanecessityforthejobmarket,onethatmorethanhalvesyourchancesofbeingunemployed.Still,thataloneisnoguaranteeofajob—andyetwe’repayingmoreandmoreforone.(如今，学位对就业市场来说几乎是一种必需品，它会使你失业的几率减半以上。尽管如此，单凭这一点并不能保证找到一份工作，然而我们为学位付出的代价却越来越高)”可知，人们为学位付出的代价却越来越高是因为学位被视为获得工作的必备条件。故选C项。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“Giventhosecosts,mostofuswanttomaximizethatinvestment—andthatcanleadtoaplugandplaytypeofapproachtohighereducation.(考虑到这些成本，我们大多数人都希望将投资最大化——这就导致了一种即插即用的高等教育方式)”和“Andnomatterwhatyoudo,forgetthehumanities,suchashistory,philosophyandlanguages.(不管你做什么，忘记了人文学科，比如历史、哲学和语言)”可知，作者提出了一种即插即用的方法是为了说明人们忽视人文学科的原因。故选D项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段关键句“Butfewcoursesofstudyarequiteasheavyonreading,writing,speakingandcriticalthinkingasthehumanities—whetherthat’sbydebatingotherstudentsinaseminar,writingathesispaperoranalyzingpoetry.(但很少有课程像人文学科那样注重阅读、写作、口语和批判性思维——无论是在研讨会上与其他学生辩论、写论文还是分析诗歌)”可知，在笔者看来，主修人文学科的好处是能更多的接受语言和思维的训练。故选D项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段关键句“ForyoungpeopleintheU.S.,theunemploymentrateofthosewithhumanitiesdegreesisfourpercent,justalittlemorethanthatofengineeringdegreeholders.(对于美国的年轻人来说，拥有人文学科学位的人的失业率是百分之四，只比拥有工程学学位的人高一点点)”和倒数第二段关键句“Butfewcoursesofstudyarequiteasheavyonreading,writing,speakingandcriticalthinkingasthehumanities—whetherthat’sbydebatingotherstudentsinaseminar,writingathesispaperoranalyzingpoetry.(但很少有课程像人文学科那样注重阅读、写作、口语和批判性思维——无论是在研讨会上与其他学生辩论、写论文还是分析诗歌)”可知，作者在文中引用了科学数据客观介绍了学习人文学科的利与弊，作者对学习人文学科的态度是客观的。故选C项。第三部分：词汇运用，用所给词的适当形式填空(每小题1分，共10小题。)选词填空graduatefrom,organization,benefit,solution,beknownas,inharmonywith,convenient,fortunately,recycle,industrial35.Humanshavebynowgonethroughthree________revolutions—discoveryofsteampower,theintroductionofelectricityandtheinventionofmodernputers.36.He________universitynextyearandheishuntingforajobnow.37.WWFisaninternational________thatworkstoprotectwildlife.38.Thediscoveryofoilbroughtmany________tothetown.39Peopleshouldtrytolive________nature.40.Plasticbottlescanbe________intoclothing.41.YuanLongpingisagreatscientistand________“FatherofHybridRice”.42.Itisvery________tousesharedbikesinChinanow.43.________,noonewashurtintheearthquakejustnow.44.Thereisnoeasy________tothisenvironmentalproblem.【答案】35.industrial36willgraduatefrom37.organization38.benefits39.inharmonywith40.recycled41.isknownas42.convenient43.Fortunately44.solution【解析】【35题详解】考查形容词。句意：到目前为止，人类已经经历了三次工业革命——蒸汽动力的发现、电力的引入和现代计算机的发明。结合句意可知，此处表示“工业的”应为形容词industrial作定语修饰名词revolutions。故填industrial。【36题详解】考查动词短语。句意：他明年大学毕业，现在正在找工作。结合句意可知，此处表示“从……毕业”应为graduatefrom，分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语，根据时间状语nextyear可知，此处应为一般将来时，且与句子主语he之间为主动关系。故填willgraduatefrom。【37题详解】考查名词。句意：世界自然基金会是一个致力于保护野生动物的国际组织。结合句意可知，此处表示“组织”应为organization，为名词作表语，空前有不定冠词an，所以此处使用名词单数形式。故填organization。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：石油的发现给这个城镇带来了许多好处。结合句意可知，此处表示“好处”应为benefit作宾语，空前有many修饰，所以此处应为名词复数形式。故填benefits。【39题详解】考查介词短语。句意：人们应该努力与自然和谐相处。结合句意可知，此处表示“与……和谐相处”应为inharmonywith。故填inharmonywith。【40题详解】考查动词。句意：塑料瓶可以回收制成衣服。结合句意可知，此处表示“回收利用”应为动词recycle，谓语动词recycle与句子主语Plasticbottles之间为被动关系，情态动词的被动语态，所以此处应使用过去分词形式。故填recycled。【41题详解】考查动词短语。句意：袁隆平是一位伟大的科学家，被誉为“杂交水稻之父”。结合句意可知，此处表示“被称为”应为beknownas，根据并列句的谓语is可知，此处应使用一般现在时，且句子主语为第三人称单数，所以此处应使用isknownas。故填isknownas。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：现在在中国使用共享单车非常方便。结合句意可知，此处表示“方便的”应为形容词convenient作表语。故填convenient。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：幸运的是，刚才没有人在地震中受伤。结合句意可知，此处表示“幸运地”应为fortunately作状语修饰句子，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Fortunately。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：这个环境问题没有简单的解决办法。结合句意可知，此处表示“解决办法”应为soluti