Unit 4　Section Ⅴ　Using Language (2)-Reading for Writing 教案 高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册

SectionⅤUsingLanguage(2)—ReadingforWritingActivity1Readfordetails[细节把握]1．WhatlanguagesdopeoplespeakinMontreal?A．EnglishandChinese.B．FrenchandEnglish.C．EnglishandGerman.D．FrenchandGerman.答案B2．WhatcanweknowaboutLinFei?A．SheisLiDaiyu’soldschoolmate.B．ShemovedtoCanadalastyear.C．SheknewdowntownChinatownwell.D．Shecookedadeliciousmealforthem.答案C3．HowlongdidthetwogirlsstayinMontreal?A．Forhalfaday. B．Forthreedays.C．Foroneday. D．Foraweek.答案C4．WhatisJean-Philippe’sopinionabouthiscity—Montreal?A．Itisacitythatiswellworthvisiting.B．ItisthewealthiestcityinCanada.C．ItconsistsofmanypeoplecomingfromChina.D．ItisgreatlyinfluencedbyEnglishculture.答案A5．What’sthemainideaofthewholepassage?A．ThetwogirlslikedTorontobetterthanMontreal.B．Thetwogirlsmetayoungman.C．ThetwogirlspreferredMontrealtoToronto.D．ThetwogirlstravelledinTorontoandMontreal.答案DActivity2Readforstructures[文章架构]Activity3Readforlanguagefeatures[增分靓句]1．Findthesentencesusedtodescribetheenvironment.(找出描写环境的句子)Standinginthedistance，theywereastonishedtoseemistycloudsrisingfromthegreatNiagaraFalls，whichisonthesouthsideofthelake.WaterfromthelakesflowsintotheNiagaraRiverandoverthefallsonitswaytothesea.2．FindthesentencesusedtodescribeMontreal.(找出描写蒙特利尔的句子)Overall，Montrealisacitywithwonderfulsightsandsounds.MostofusspeakbothEnglishandFrench，andthecityhasuniqueQuebeccultureandtraditions.Therearefantasticrestaurantsandclubsaround，too.Ⅰ.补句子析结构1．Astheywalkednorthfromtheharbourarea，LiDaiyusaid，“LinFei，oneofmymother’soldschoolmates(schoolmate)，liveshere.Ishouldphoneherandseeifshe’savailablefordinner.”(P44Para.2)结构分析：此句是主从复合句，As引导的是时间状语从句，if引导的是宾语从句。汉语翻译：离开港口区后，她们向北行走。李黛予说：“我妈妈的老同学林菲就住在这里。我得给她打个电话，看看她是否有空一起吃晚饭。”2．Thecousinschatted(chat)withLinFei，whohadmovedtoCanadamanyyearsearlier.(P44Para.3)结构分析：此句是主从复合句，who引导的是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词LinFei。汉语翻译：林菲多年前就来到加拿大生活。表姐妹俩与她畅聊了一番。3．WehaveafewmoreintheGreaterTorontoArea，soyoucanguessthatthereare(be)alotofChinesepeopleinCanada!(P44Para.4)结构分析：此句是并列复合句，so连接两个并列分句。that引导的是宾语从句。汉语翻译：大多伦多地区还有几个唐人街，你们可以猜到加拿大有很多中国人！4．MostofusspeakbothEnglishandFrench，andthecityhasuniqueQuebeccultureandtraditions.(P44Para.9)结构分析：此句是and连接的并列句。汉语翻译：我们大多数人既说英语，也说法语。这座城市拥有独特的魁北克文化和传统。Ⅱ.研典句学用法同位语AfterLiDaiyuandhercousinarrivedinToronto，thelargestandwealthiestcityinCanada，theyonlyhadafewhourstokillbeforetheyhadtoproceedtothenextlegoftheirtriptoMontreal，sotheywentonatourofthecity.(P44Para.1)李黛予和表妹抵达加拿大最大、最富有的城市多伦多之后，仅有几个小时的时间可以消磨，然后就得继续前往旅程的下一站蒙特利尔，于是两人就在市区逛了逛。结构分析：此句是并列复合句，After引导的是时间状语从句，thelargestandwealthiestcityinCanada在句中作同位语，对Toronto作进一步的解释和说明，before引导的是时间状语从句。————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————同位语的具体用法如下：•名词、代词、数词作同位语；•不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语作同位语；•从句作同位语。同位语从句通常跟在某些抽象名词(fact，plan，view，idea，belief，opinion，possibility，thought，aim，doubt等)后，用来说明所修饰词的内容。————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————(1)(应用文写作之申请信)我是李华，一名来自育才中学的学生，我写信申请成为一名接待来访的外国学生的志愿者。我有与外国人打交道的丰富经验这一事实让我在众多应征者中脱颖而出。因为我曾担任过导游，领着外国游客参观北京，毫无疑问我可以成为一名合格的志愿者。IamLiHua，astudentfromYucaiMiddleSchoolandIamwritingtoapplytobeavolunteertoreceivethevisitingforeignstudents.ThefactthatIhaverichexperienceindealingwithforeignersmakesmestandoutamongnumerouscandidates.BecauseIonceservedasaguide—showingforeigntouristsaroundBeijing，thereisnodoubtthatIcanbeaqualifiedvolunteer.(2)我有个好消息要告诉你，我已被选为即将到来的全运会的志愿者了。IhavegoodnewstotellyouthatIhavebeenchosentobeavolunteerinthecomingNationalGames.(3)我们坚信游客会了解更多的中国传统文化，享受中国传统文化的美。WeholdthefirmbeliefthatvisitorswillknowmoreabouttraditionalChinesecultureandenjoythebeautyofit.see＋宾语＋宾语补足语Standinginthedistance，theywereastonishedtoseemistycloudsrisingfromthegreatNiagaraFalls，whichisonthesouthsideofthelake.(P44Para.1)站在远处，她们看到湖南边的尼亚加拉大瀑布升腾而起的水雾，惊叹不已。结构分析：此句是复合句，Standinginthedistance是动词-ing形式作状语，seemistycloudsrising为“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，宾语补足语既可以是不带to的动词不定式，也可以是现在分词和过去分词，which引导的是非限制性定语从句。结构含义例句seesb/sthdo看到动作的全过程Isawhimenterthebank.我看见他进了银行。seesb/sthdoing看到动作正在进行Isawhimplayinginthepark.我看见他正在公园里玩。seesb/sthdone看到某人/某物被……Isawhimknockeddownbyacar.我看见他被一辆小汽车撞倒了。点津：除see外，hear，notice，observe，watch，feel等感官类动词也有类似用法。不带to的不定式作宾语补足语时，如变成被动句，需加上to；现在分词和过去分词作宾语补足语时，如变成被动句，则不需要变化。(1)(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)我一看到他无助地躺在病床上，就意识到我不得不独自完成我们的课题了。最终，当他听说我们的课题被高度评价时，满意的笑容浮现在他的脸庞。我也感到快乐在我心间流淌。ThemomentIsawhimlyinghelplesslyinbed，IrealizedthatIhadtocompleteourprojectalone.Finally，whenheheardourprojecthighlythoughtof，asmileofsatisfactionemergedonhisface.Ialsofelthappinessflowinginmyheart.(2)我看见我朋友双手掩面，止不住地哭泣。Isawmyfriendburyingher/hisfaceinher/hishands，cryinguncontrollably.(3)Iheardhimsingabeautifulpopularsongintheclassroom.→Hewasheardtosingabeautifulpopularsongintheclassroom.(被动语态)(4)Wenoticedherhidingbehindthecurtainlikeafrightenedbird.→Shewasnoticedhidingbehindthecurtainlikeafrightenedbird.(被动语态)本单元的写作目标是写一封关于旅行的邮件，也就是对一次出行、游览、参观等的记录。1．邮件开头常用语I’dliketoshareoneofthemostfascinatingexperienceswithyou.我想和你分享最精彩的一次经历。I’mgladtoshareanunforgettabletravelexperiencethatIhadduringmylastsummerholidaywithyou.我很高兴和你分享去年暑假我的一次难忘的旅行经历。Knowingthatyouwanttoknow...，I’mwritingtotellyouthat...知道你想了解……，所以我写邮件告诉你……I’mextremelydelightedtoreceiveyouremail.AndIwouldliketowriteanemailtotellyouthat...很高兴收到你的电子邮件，我想写封邮件告诉你……Iwentonaseven-daytripto...lastwintervacation，whichisreallyanunforgettablememory.去年寒假我去……旅行了七天，这真是一段难忘的记忆。2．邮件主体常用语：On...，weflewto...，fromwherewewentto...bybus.在……，我们飞往……，从那里我们乘坐公交车去……Whatimpressedmemostduringthetrip/journeyisthat...旅行中最让我印象深刻的是……Wepaidavisitto...我们参观了……Theplaceliesin/islocatedin...这个地方坐落于……Theplaceiswell-knownfor...这个地方以……而闻名。Ienjoyedapleasanttripto...withmyparentsthisNationalDayholiday.今年国庆节假期我和父母享受了一次愉快的……之旅。...isabeautifulgardencity，withcleanstreetsandvariousbuildings.……是一座漂亮的花园城市，有着干净的街道和各种各样的建筑。Wevisitedthecoveredstadium，whichishomeofseveralfamousbasketballteams.我们参观了室内体育场，那里是几支著名篮球队的驻地。Thesceneryissobeautifulthatittakesthetourists’breathaway.风景如此美丽，真让游客们惊叹。Ithasbecomeoneofthemostpopulartouristattractionsintheworld.它已经成为世界上最受欢迎的景点之一。3．邮件结尾常用语Wewereallexhausted，butourtripto...wasreallyunforgettable.我们都很累，但是我们去……的旅行真的让人难忘。I’mlookingforwardtoyourreplyatyourearliestconvenience.我期待着你方便时给我回复。Idohopeyouwillhavefunin...我真的希望你能在……玩得开心。Notonlydidthetripentertainme，butitalsobroadenedmyhorizons.这次旅行不仅使我快乐而且开阔了我的视野。Exhaustedaswewere，itwasworthit.尽管我们很累，但这是值得的。Inaword，it’squiterelaxingandromantictotravelthereandIlovethisexperienceverymuch.总之，去那里旅行既让人放松又浪漫，我非常喜欢这次经历。Isincerelyinviteyoutotravelto...withmenexttime.我真诚地邀请你下次和我一起去……旅行。假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom写信询问你去四川参观乐山大佛的旅游经历。请你用英语给他回一封邮件，要点包括：1．旅游过程；2．你的感受。注意：开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：大佛theGiantStoneBuddha第一步审题谋篇第二步遣词造句核心词汇(含本单元词汇)1．使十分惊讶astonish2．字面上；真正地literally3．巨大的；非常严重的massive4．顶峰；山峰peak5．令人惊叹的；可怕的；很好的awesome6．景色scenery7．令人惊叹takesb’sbreathaway8．在黄昏atdusk9．令人愉快的；友好的pleasant10．一定会beboundto连词成句(含本单元句型)1．七月七日，我和父母乘车去了四川乐山，一个以大佛闻名的地方。OnJuly7，myparentsandItookabustoLeshan，SichuanProvince.LeshanisfamousfortheGiantStoneBuddha.2．我们吃惊地发现大佛真的很大。WewereastonishedtofindthattheBuddhaisliterallymassive.3．当我抬头看到巨大的佛头，低头看到巨大的佛脚时，我感到自己是多么渺小。WhenIlookedupatthelargeheadanddownatthelargefeet，IfeltIwassosmall.4．第二天，直到登上了峨眉山山顶，我们才领略到了山上壮丽的风景。Thenextday，wedidn’tappreciatetheawesomeandspectacularsceneryonthemountainuntilweclimbedtothepeakofMountEmei.5．在黄昏时刻，我们返程。Atdusk，wemadeourwayback.6．我们都非常累，但是我们去乐山的旅程真的既难忘又使人愉快。Wewereallexhausted，butourtriptoLeshanwasreallyunforgettableandpleasant.7．如果再给我一次机会，我一定会再来游览乐山。IfIamgivenanotherchance，IamboundtopayavisittoLeshanagain.第三步句式升级1．用非限制性定语从句改写句1。OnJuly7，myparentsandItookabustoLeshan，SichuanProvince，whichisfamousfortheGiantStoneBuddha.2．用现在分词短语作状语改写句3。Lookingupatthelargeheadanddownatthelargefeet，IfeltIwassosmall.3．把句4改成强调句型。Thenextday，itwasnotuntilweclimbedtothepeakofMountEmeithatweappreciatedtheawesomeandspectacularsceneryonthemountain.4．用done作状语改写句7。Givenanotherchance，IamboundtopayavisittoLeshanagain.第四步组句成篇用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80个词左右的英语短文。参考范文DearTom，I’mgladtoshareatrulyfascinatingtravelexperiencethatIhadduringmylastsummerholidaywithyou.OnJuly7，myparentsandItookabustoLeshan，SichuanProvince，whichisfamousfortheGiantStoneBuddha.WewereastonishedtofindtheBuddhaisliterallymassive.Lookingupatthelargeheadanddownatthelargefeet，IfeltIwassosmall.Thenextday，itwasnotuntilweclimbedtothepeakofMountEmeithatweappreciatedtheawesomeandspectacularsceneryonthemountain.Atdusk，wemadeourwayback.Wewereallexhausted，butourtriptoLeshanwasreallyunforgettableandpleasant.Givenanotherchance，IamboundtopayavisittoLeshanagain.I’mlookingforwardtogoingtoLeshanwithyounexttime.Yours，LiHua训练7ReadingforWriting(A)(分值：45分)Ⅰ.完成句子(话题写作之旅行经历)(共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分)1．暑假期间，我和我的父母去西藏的省会拉萨旅行，拉萨是这个地区的政治、经济和文化中心。Duringthissummervacation，myparentsandIwentonatriptothecapitalcityofTibet，Lhasa—thepolitical，economicandculturalcentreoftheregion.2．我把我们愉快的旅行归功于出发前的充分准备。Iowedourpleasantjourneytothefullpreparationspriortoourdeparture.3．我们看见西藏博物馆展览了许多文化瑰宝。WesawmanyculturaltreasuresshowninTibetMuseum.4．在那些日子里，我们都被那里的自然景色惊呆了。Duringthosedays，wewereallastonishedbythenaturalscenerythere.5．与我们城市的喧嚣相反，西藏使我们感到祥和平静。Contrarytothenoiseinourcity，Tibetmadeusfeelpeacefulandquiet.Ⅱ.阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分)Sinceit’smadeupofover7,000islands，thePhilippinesisnotatrain-heavynation.Thatmeanscoachbusesaregoingtobeyourbestchoiceforgettingcity-to-city.ThereisasmalllightrailsystemintheManilametroarea(calledtheLightRailTransitSystemor“LRT”forshort)，butithasabadnameforbeingdelayedmostofthetime.Ifthephrase“coachbus”callsforthimagesofoldGreyhounds，you’reoffthemark.BecausecoachesinthePhilippinesaretheprimarymeansofintercitytransit，manypopularbuscompaniesactuallyfeatureonboardattendants(thinkflightattendants，but，youknow，onabus)aswellasentertainmentcenters，poshseats，andothercomfortableaccouterments(配备)．There’snoonecentralbuscompanyinthePhilippines，socentralbusstationsareuncommon.Thatmeansyouneedtoknowwhichcompanyyouwanttotake，whatbustogeton，andwheretocatchit.ConnectwithaFilipinolocalforhelpwhenyou’replanningyourtrip.They’llhelpyoufigureoutthewho/what/where/whenofbustransitandwalkyouthroughtheentireprocess.Besidescoachbuses，jeepneysarealsoverypopular.TheyareoldmilitaryjeepsleftoverfromtheUSoccupationofthePhilippineswhichhavesincebeenconvertedintocolorful，uniquely-Filipinoprivatebuses.They’recheap，usuallyaround10pesosperride，they’reeverywhere，andthey’reprobablythemostpopularformofmasstransitinthePhilippines.Morethananythingthough，jeepneysarecolorful.Theownerstakelotsofprideintheirrides，andit’scommontoseerichly-paintedjeepneysonmostmajorroads.Wheredoyoucatchajeepneyandwheredotheygo?Makeiteasyonyourself:haveyourlocaltripplannercontainatleastonejeepneyrideintoyourtravelplan—they’llgiveyoualltheinformationyouneed.eq\x(语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在菲律宾旅行常用的几种交通工具。)1．HowdoesacoachbusinthePhilippinesdifferfromaGreyhound?A．Oftenrunningbehindtheschedule.B．TravelingwithinthecityareaofManila.C．Paintedwithbrightcolorswithlowcost.D．Comfortableequipmentwithfineservice.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段可知，菲律宾长途客车与老旧灰狗巴士不同的是，菲律宾长途客车有堪比空姐的乘务人员，有豪华舒适的座位，还有娱乐中心等配套设施。故选D。2．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Jeepneysarepopularastheyaremodernandcomfortable.B．AFilipinolocalisthebestchoicetohelpyouplanyourtrip.C．Acentralbusstationcangiveyoutheinformationyouneed.D．Coachbusesprovidetheexperienceofaflightwithlowcost.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第三段可知，菲律宾没有中央巴士公司，因此要想在菲律宾旅行顺利，需要联系菲律宾当地人寻求帮助。故选B。3．WhatcanbeimpressivetransitifyoutravelinthePhilippines?A．LRT. B．Train.C．Jeepney. D．Coachbus.答案C解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段以及最后一段首句“Morethananythingthough，jeepneysarecolorful.”可知，吉普尼最具菲律宾特色，是最能给游客们留下深刻印象的交通工具。故选C。4．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．TouristAttractionsinthePhilippinesB．CheapUniqueTransitinthePhilippinesC．OptionsofTransportationinthePhilippinesD．SpecialTravelingExperiencesinthePhilippines答案C解析标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“...thePhilippinesisnotatrain-heavynation.Thatmeanscoachbusesaregoingtobeyourbestchoiceforgettingcity-to-city.”以及下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了在菲律宾旅行时可以选择的交通工具。故选C。Ⅲ.应用文写作(满分15分)假如你是李华，前几天你和父母一起去北京旅游了。请你给你的美国朋友马克写一封信介绍一下这次旅游经历。要点提示如下：1．参观了许多景点，如故宫、长城、恭王府等；2．简要介绍其中两处景点。注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：故宫thePalaceMuseum；恭王府PrinceGong’sMansion参考范文DearMark，Howiseverythinggoing?I’dliketosharesomethingaboutthepleasanttriptoBeijingIwentonwithmyparentsrecentlywithyou.Wepaidavisittomanyfamoustouristattractions.WhatimpressedmemostwerethePalaceMuseumandtheGreatWall.Withmanytreasuresinthepalace，theformerhasbecomeoneofthemostpopulartouristattractionsintheworld.Thelatteristhehighlightofmytour，whichismadeofmillionsofmassiveandheavybricks，showingastonishingcraftofChinesepeople.Inaword，notonlydidthetripentertainme，butitalsobroadenedmyhorizons.IsincerelyinviteyoutovisitBeijingwithmeinthefuture.Yours，LiHua

训练8ReadingforWriting(B)(分值：32.5分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)AAsthecarboncountdownclocktickson，citiesmustbemoreimaginativeandcooperative，alivelyroundtablehostedinNewhambyanon-profitorganizationFriendsoftheEarthsaid.“Netzeroisaroundthecorner，”saidMikeWake，DirectorofFriendsoftheEarth.“TheUKhascutgreenhousegasemission(排放)by40%todatemostlythroughthegrowthoflargerenewablegenerationonthegrid(输电网)，butfurthercutswillbeneededasLondontriestofindnewwaysofusingenergy.”“WhileNewhamhaslowergreenhousegasemissionperheadthantheUK，ithashighlevelsoffuelpoverty，poorairqualityandleakyhomes.Vastlyimprovedenergyefficiency，especiallyonolderandleakierhomes，alongwithmoreefficientformsofheatingandanexpansionoflowcarbonheatnetworks，willhelp，”saidWake.“Butthefuturerequiresashifttoamorecommunalsolution，”therepresentativessaid.Districtheating，whichpipeshotwaterfromacentralsourcetoconnectedhomesorbusinesses，isoftenacheaperandlower-carbonmethodofheatinghighlypopulatedareas.“It’sthelowestcostandlowcarbonsolutionforthefuture，”Wakeadded.“Therearenewtechnologiestousewastedheat，”Wakesaid.“Weworkedwithbusinessestodecarbonise(使环保)energysupply.Ratherthanwasting，spareheatgeneratedbymanufacturingandotheractivitiescanbecapturedandusedtoheatnearbyproperties.FriendsoftheEarthhasalreadyhelpedsaveNewhamthousandsoftonnesofemissionsthroughdistrictheatingplans，solarPVandmoreenergyefficientmeasuresinthehomes.”Butthechallengesaresubstantial.NewhamhasLondon’ssecond-highestrateoffuelpoverty.“Anyway，I’mconfidentandhopefulaboutthecollectivechallenge，”saidWake.“ButforNewhamtobeattheforefrontofagreeneconomy，tosolvefuelpovertyanddealwithstructuralequalities，wemustsparenoeffort.”语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述为了提高能源效率和实现“零排放”的目标，各个城市必须更具有创新和合作精神。1．WhatdoesWakethinkofcuttinggreenhousegasemissionintheUK?A．Itdoesn’tworkatall.B．Itendedashorttimeago.C．Itisverydifficulttocontinue.D．Itstillneedstobeimproved.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段中“TheUKhascutgreenhousegasemission(排放)by40%...butfurthercutswillbeneededasLondontriestofindnewwaysofusingenergy.”可知，维克认为，英国在减少温室气体排放方面仍需改进。故选D。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“communal”inparagraph4mean?A．Expensive. B．Peaceful.C．Public. D．Complex.答案C解析词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“Districtheating，whichpipeshotwaterfromacentralsourcetoconnectedhomesorbusinesses，isoftenacheaperandlower-carbonmethodofheatinghighlypopulatedareas.”可知，未来需要转向更加公共的解决方案。由此可知，画线词communal意为“公共的”。故选C。3．HowdidFriendsoftheEarthhelpprotecttheenvironment?A．Byreleasingwastedheat.B．Bystartingupmanybusinesses.C．Bymakingnationalheatingplans.D．Bysolvingtheissuesaboutenergy.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第五段中“FriendsoftheEarthhasalreadyhelpedsaveNewhamthousandsoftonnesofemissionsthroughdistrictheatingplans，solarPVandmoreenergyefficientmeasuresinthehomes.”可推知，“地球之友”组织通过解决能源问题来减少碳排放，从而保护环境。故选D。4．WhatisWake’sattitudetothechallengesofNewham?A．Worried. B．Positive.C．Uncaring. D．Critical.答案B解析观点态度题。根据最后一段中“‘Anyway，I’mconfidentandhopefulaboutthecollectivechallenge，’saidWake.”可推知，维克对纽汉区所面临的挑战充满信心和希望。故选B。BSomeinsectscontainpoisonsthatdonotaffectaninsect-eatingbirduntilafterthebirdhasswallowedoneofthem.Beingswallowedisalmostalwaysfatalfortheseinsects.Howdoesaninsectbenefitbycontainingapoisonthatiseffectiveonlyafterithasbeenkilledandeaten?Thisparadox(悖论)isresolvedoncewerealizethatbirds，whicharemadeillbythepoisonbutarerarelykilledbyit，soonlearntorecognizethewarningsignalsofpoisonousinsectsandrejectthemonsight.Eatingapoisonousinsectisaneducationalexperienceforpredators(捕食者)，andthusthedeathoftheinsectvictim(受害者)servestoprotectothermembersofitsownspecies.Ontheonehand，iftheseothermembersofthespeciesarerelativesofthevictim—perhapsitsownoffspring，siblings，orfirstcousins—theirgeneticmakeupwillbesimilartothevictim’s，andmanyofthevictim’sgeneswillsurviveinthem.Ontheotherhand，aninsect’ssurvivalfitnessisnotimprovedifitkillsthebirdthateatsit.Indeed，thevictimbenefitsifthebirdsurvivesaftereatingthevictimandbecomingawareofitspoisonousproperties.Howcome?Mostbirdsareterritorial.Theyliveinasmallanddelimitedareafromwhichtheykeepoutmembersoftheirownspeciesotherthantheirmates.Ifthepoisonousinsectspeciesdoeslivewithin，oratleastpassthrough，theterritoryofsomebird，thebirdwillleavethemalonebecauseithasbeentaughtnottoattackthembythedeathoftheirrelative.Butiftheterritory-holdingbirdiskilled，itwillalmostimmediatelybereplacedbyawanderingmemberofitsownspecies，afloaterthatisstillsearchingforaterritoryofitsown.Whenanexperiencedpredatorthathaslearnednottoattacktheinsectsinquestionisreplacedbyafloaterthathappenstobeinexperienced，therelativesoftheinsectvictimdonotbenefitfromitsdeath.Thusprotectivesystemsbasedonbenign(无害的)poisonsarefarmorelikelytoevolveandcontinuethansystemsbasedondeadlypoisons.eq\x(语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了昆虫和鸟类之间微妙的生态平衡关系。)5．Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A．Toclarifyaconcept.B．Toprovokethinking.C．Toemphasizethetopic.D．Tointroduceaconclusion.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第一段以及下文内容可推知，第一段旨在引发读者思考一个看似奇怪的现象。故选B。6．Whyiseatingapoisonousinsectaneducationalexperienceforbirds?A．Birdswilllearntoavoidpoisonousinsects.B．Birdswilltakeinadequatenutritionafterwards.C．Birdswillwarntheirmembersofthepotentialdanger.D．Birdswilladaptthemselvestoeatingpoisonousinsects.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第二段中“...birds，whicharemadeillbythepoisonbutarerarelykilledbyit，soonlearntorecognizethewarningsignalsofpoisonousinsectsandrejectthemonsight.”可推知，吃毒虫让鸟类学会避开有毒的昆虫。故选A。7．Whatwouldbetheconsequenceifpoisonousinsectswerefataltothebirds?A．Birdswouldhavewiderterritories.B．Insectsandbirdswouldliveinharmony.C．Bothinsectsandpredatorswouldsufferloss.D．Insectswouldbecometheowneroftheterritory.答案C解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Whenanexperiencedpredator...isreplacedbyafloaterthathappenstobeinexperienced，therelativesoftheinsectvictimdonotbenefitfromitsdeath.Thusprotectivesystemsbasedonbenign(无害的)poisonsarefarmorelikelytoevolveandcontinuethansystemsbasedondeadlypoisons.”可推知，如果昆虫的毒性致死的话，身为捕食者的鸟类和被吃掉的昆虫都会遭受损失。故选C。8．Whichproverbcaninterprettheinsects’protectivesysteminaway?A．Likecureslike.B．Littlethingsamuselittleminds.C．Liveandletlive.D．Aclosemouthcatchesnoflies.答案C解析主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章讲述了食物链中捕食者鸟类和被捕猎者昆虫之间通过不致死的良性中毒来保持微妙的平衡，可以用C项“Liveandletlive.”(相互宽容，互不干扰)来解读。Likecureslike以毒攻毒；Littlethingsamuselittleminds小人无大志；Aclosemouthcatchesnoflies口紧不招祸。故选C。Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分)ReasonstoPutonYourRollerbladesandHitthePavementRollerblading(滑旱冰)isgreatforbuildingbalance，strengtheningmuscles，andimprovingmentalhealth.It’salsoacheap，fun，andeco-friendlywaytogetyourdailyexercisein.It’sfun.Weallknowthatweshouldbeexercisingseveraltimesaweek，andpickingaworkoutthatisfunnaturallymotivatesustogetupandgetgoing.1Thetopbenefitofrollerbladingisexercisinginwaysthatarefun，soul-filling，andmentalhealth-improving.It’scheap.Rollerbladingisalsoagreatexercisechoicebecauseitcostsver