2019年江苏省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语（解析版）

2019年江苏省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)1._________theFrenchandtheirrevolutionspirit，manycountrieshavechosentousethesamecoloursontheirflags．A.Intermsof B.IncaseofC.Inresponseto D.Insaluteto【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。Intermsof按照，就……而言：B.Incaseof万一：C.Inresponseto响应；D.Insaluteto致敬。句意：为了向法国人民和他们的革命精神致敬，很多国家的国旗使用和法国国旗相同的颜色。根据句意可知此处表示“向……致敬”，故D项正确。2.﹣﹣﹣IspentaweekinXiamenlastmonth．﹣﹣﹣Thenyoumusthavebeenoverchargedforseafoodmanyatime，________you？Thiscityisknownforthat．A.mustn't B.weren'tC.haven't D.hadn't【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查反义疑问句。句意：——上个月我在厦门呆了一周。——那你一定吃了不少海鲜，对么？那座城市以海鲜闻名。lastmonth表示过去的时间，musthavebeen表示对过去的推断，故B项正确。3.JusttellMike__________hasagoodknowledgeofphysicsandhistoryisqualifiedfortheposition．A.Whenever B.WhomeverC.Whoever D.Whichever【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：只要告诉Mike，凡是精通物理和历史的人都能胜任这个职位。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“任何人”，故C项正确。4.﹣﹣﹣Whoisthemostfamousmartialartsnovelists？﹣﹣﹣JinYong，__________worksdeeplyinfluencedtheculturaldevelopmentofChinese﹣speakingcommunitiesaroundtheworld．A.he B.hisC.who D.whose【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非限定性定语从句。句意：——谁是最出名的武侠小说家？——金庸，他的作品深深影响了世界各地华人社区的文化发展。此处为非限定性定语从句，从句中缺少定语，故D项正确。5.Studiessuggestthatbabieslearnto_________voicesbeforebirth．Theycanrecognizetheirmother'svoiceamongagroupofwomen．A.suspect B.compromiseC.discriminate D.inspect【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.suspect怀疑；B.compromise妥协；C.discriminate辨别；D.inspect检阅。句意：研究表明婴儿在出生前就能辨别声音，他能在一群女人中听出妈妈的声音。根据“Theycanrecognizetheirmother’svoiceamongagroupofwomen.”可知此处表示“辨别”，故C项正确。6._________withheavyloadsofteaching_________helaterbecameaneasytargetoftheflu．A.Sotiredwastheteacher；that B.Theteacherwassotired；whichC.Tiredastheteacher；that D.Suchwasthetiredteacher；which【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查so…that句型与倒装。句意：教学任务不堪重负，这位老师很快就成了流感的目标。在so…that句型中，当so+形容词位于句首时，要进行部分倒装，故A项正确。【点睛】本题的难度较大，注意在so…that句型中，当so+形容词位于句首时，要进行部分倒装，正常语序应该是：Theteacherwassotiredwithheavyloadsofteachingthathelaterbecameaneasytargetoftheflu.7.﹣﹣﹣WhynotturntoKevin？Hesawwhathappened，sohisistheonly_________account．﹣﹣﹣Theproblemisthathehasrefusedtosayanythingabouttheaccident．A.tentative B.controversialCauthentic D.arbitrary【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.tentative实验性的；B.controversial有争议的；C.authentic可信的、真实的；D.arbitrary武断的。句意：——为什么不去找Kevin？他目睹了发生的一切，所以他的叙述是唯一可信的。——问题是他拒绝对这次事故发表任何意见。根据“Hesawwhathappened”判断此处表示“真实可信的”，故C项正确。8.Grannyalwayskeepshercellphoneswitchedoff_________she'sexpectingacall．A.Since B.unlessC.once D.when【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查连词词义辨析。A.since既然；B.unless除非；C.once一旦……；D.when当……时。句意：外婆的手机总是关机，除非她在等电话。根据句意可知此处表示“除非”，故B项正确。9._________makesyoursonfeelbluetoday?_________towatchhisfavouritecartoonPawPatrol.A.Whatitisthat;Tobeforbidden B.Whatisthat;ForbiddenC.Whatisitthat;Beingforbidden D.Thatiswhat;Havingforbidden【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查强调句型和非谓语动词。句意：——是什么让你儿子今天心情不好？——不让他看他最喜欢的卡通《狗狗巡逻队》。分析句子结构可知，第一空为强调句型的特殊疑问句，即：疑问词What+isit+that+其余部分；第二空为非谓语动词，作主语用动名词，且son与forbide之间是被动关系，所以用Beingforbidden，故C项正确。【点睛】注意强调句型的特殊疑问句形式为：疑问词+isit+that+其余部分，根据句意“是什么让你儿子今天心情不好？”判断疑问词用what，即：Whatisitthatmakesyoursonfeelbluetoday?10.UsingAI，manycompaniesarenowconductingexperimentsthat__________possiblejustafewyearsago．A.wouldhavebeen B.mighthavebeenC.shouldn'thavebeen D.couldn'thavebeen【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意：很多公司现在使用人工智能进行试验，这在几年前是不可能的。根据“afewyearsago”可知，此处表示“过去不可能”，应该用couldn’thavedone，故D项正确。11.Thestudy，fromacademicsatHarvard，claims__________thefirstclearevidenceshowingthatwhentemperaturesgoup，schoolperformancegoesdown．A.tohaveproduced B.toproduceC.producing D.beingproduced【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这项来自哈佛大学学者的研究声称，它首次提供了明确的证据，表明气温上升时，在校表现会下降。claimto表示“声称做……”，而且produce这个动作发生在claims之前，故A项正确。12.Thoughscientistsgetclosertounderstandingwhyweage，thereasonfordifferentagingratesamongindividualsremainsonly__________understood．A.concretely B.thoroughlyC.vaguely D.flexible【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查副词词义辨析。A.concretely具体地；B.thoroughly彻底地；C.vaguely含糊地、茫然地；D.flexible灵活的。句意：尽管科学家对人类衰老的原因有了更深的了解，但对于个体衰老速度不同的原因，人们仍知之甚少。根据句意可知此处表示“模糊地”，故C项正确。13.﹣﹣﹣Thepresidentwillcometoattendyourlectureat10：00tomorrow．﹣﹣﹣I'msorry，bythenmylecturewillhavejustendedandI_________myfansinmyoffice．A.havemet B.willhavemetC.willmeet D.willbemeeting【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：——明天10点，总统会来听你的讲座。——抱歉，那时我的讲座刚刚结束，我将在办公室会见粉丝。表示将来某一时间点发生的事情应该用将来进行时，故D项正确。14.FortyyearsafterChinastarteditsreformandopening﹣up，morethan18millionruralresidentshave_________povertyinSouthChina'sGuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegion．A.shakenoff B.takenoffC.paidoff D.kickedoff【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。A.shakenoff摆脱；B.takenoff脱下；C.paidoff付清；D.kickedoff开赛。句意：改革开放40年来，广西壮族自治区有1800多万农村人口脱贫。根据句意可知此处表示“摆脱”，故A项正确。15.Ifthebossisangrywhenhecomesin，don'ttellhimaboutthecustomer'scomplaints．You'lljustbe_________．A.killingthefattedcalfB.seeingthehandwritingonthewallC.hittingyourownfeetofclayD.addingfueltothefire【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查习语。句意：如果老板进来时很生气，你把顾客的投诉告诉他，这只会火上浇油。A.killingthefattedcalf热情款待；B.seeingthehandwritingonthewall不祥之兆；hittingyourownfeetofclay自找麻烦；D.addingfueltothefire火上浇油。根据句意可知此处表示“火上浇油”.故D项正确。第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)Aftersufferingseverebumstoherbackandotherpansofherbodyattheageofthree，Sylvia，49，hadspentherlifecoveringupherscars．Herconfidencewasdestroyedbyyearsof___16___comments．Atherlowestshehadconsidered___17___herownlife．"Ididn'treallyknowwhat___18___was．Ididn'trealizemymenialhealthwasbeingaffected﹣I___19___thoughtthiswasa___20___thing．"Theaccidentthatlefther___21___happenedduringa___22___gameofhideandseekwithhersister．Afterward，alifeof___23___herselfupandhidingfromattentionfollowed，untilaturningpointinJulylastyear．Sylviawasonholidaywithhermotherwhenshe___24___aman'scameraphonefollowingheraroundthehotelpool．Sheandhermotherleftforthebeach，butshewasstruckbythe___25___theencounterhadonhermother．"Icouldseeher___26___atmyscars．Shejustlookedsosad，"Sylviarecalled．Soshestartedto___27___，callingouttohermumtomakehersmile．"Ihadbeeninsuchabadplacebefore．Iwasso___28___．Iwasinsuchahorribleplaceforsomanyyears．IlookedbackandfeltlikeI'ddestroyedmyfamilyslivesandIthought，nowisthetimeformetostop．"Sylviafeltitwastimenotjusttomakea___29___forherself，buttohelpotherswithdisfigurements（外形的损毁）andtoraiseawareness．She___30___aFacebookgroup，LoveDisfigure，andnowrunsswimmingsessionsatHighburypoolinIslinton，northLondon，withtheaimofhelpingincreasethe___31___ofpeoplewithdisfigurementsor___32___andhealthconditions．ForSylvia，lastyearhasbeen___33___．Having___34___herbody，andhaddepression，anxietyandpost﹣traumaticstressdisorder（创伤后应激障碍）shenowhopesherstorywill___35___others．16.A.hopeful B.delightful C.hurtful D.regretful17.A.sharing B.ending C.enriching D.sparing18.A.wonder B.kindness C.pity D.depression19.A.even B.just C.seldom D.almost20.A.formal B.personal C.social D.physical21.A.scarred B.disabled C.surprised D.scared22.A.neighborhood B.parenthood C.adulthood D.childhood23.A.taking B.holding C.putting D.covering24.A.kept B.avoided C.sensed D.stopped25.A.impression B.effect C.suffering D.doubt26.A.staring B.glancing C.glaring D.watching27.A.hesitate B.scream C.pose D.exchange28.A.optimistic B.desperate C.careful D.negative29.A.sacrifice B.profit C.change D.wish30.A.setup B.setdown C.setout D.setoff31.A.knowledge B.curiosity C.desperation D.confidence32.A.skin B.leg C.arm D.back33.A.familiar B.magic C.serious D.dangerous34.A.shown B.tolerated C.uncovered D.hidden35.A.remind B.require C.inspire D.inform【答案】16.C17.B18.D19.B20.D21.A22.D23.D24.C25.B26.A27.C28.D29.C30.A31.D32.A33.B34.D35.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了三岁时，一场严重的烧伤意外给Sylvia身上留下了多处伤疤，多年来她一直封闭自己，然而，去年7月的一个转折点让她意识到是时候该做出改变了，现在她不仅在脸书上建立了一个名叫LoveDisfigure的团体，还开设游泳课程，目的是帮助那些毁容、皮肤或健康状况不佳的人增强自信。【16题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.hopeful有希望的；B.delightful可喜的；C.hurtful有害的；D.regretful后悔的。那些伤害性的评论让Sylvia的自信备受打击，故C项正确。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.sharing分享；B.ending结束；C.enriching丰富；D.sparing抽出。她甚至想过结束自己的生命，故B项正确。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.wonder奇迹；B.kindness善良；C.pity可惜；D.depression抑郁。根据本空后的“Ididn’trealizemymentalhealthwasbeingaffected”可知，她不知道什么是抑郁，我没有意识到她的精神健康正在受到影响，故D项正确。【19题详解】考查副词词义辨析。A.even甚至；B.just仅仅；C.seldom很少；D.almost几乎。她仅仅认为这只是身体上的事情，故B项正确。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.formal正式的；B.personal个人的；C.social社交的；D.physical身体上的。她认为这只是身体上的事情，故D项正确。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.scarred伤痕累累的、有疤痕的；B.disabled残疾的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.scared害怕的。那场意外给她身上留下了很多疤痕，故A项正确。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.neighborhood社区；B.parenthood亲子关系；C.adulthood成年；D.childhood童年时期、小时候。她当时只是一个小孩，玩的应该是儿时的游戏，故D项正确。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.taking带走；B.holding握；C.putting放；D.covering覆盖。自那以后，她开始了一种自我遮盖、躲避关注的生活，直到去年7月出现了一个转折点，故D项正确。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.kept保留；B.avoided避免；C.sensed感觉；D.stopped停止。和母亲一起度假时，她感觉到一个男人用拍照手机跟着她拍照，故C项正确。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.impression印象；B.effect影响；C.suffering苦楚；D.doubt怀疑。这次邂逅对她母亲产生的影响让她印象深刻，故B项正确。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.staring凝视；B.glancing扫视；C.glaring瞪眼；D.watching看。我看到她盯着我的疤痕看，故A项正确。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.hesitate犹豫；B.scream尖声叫喊；C.pose摆姿势；D.exchange交换。根据本空后的“callingouttohermumtomakehersmile.”可知，她开始摆姿势，大声冲母亲叫好让她笑，故C项正确。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.optimistic乐观的；B.desperate令人绝望的；C.careful认真的；D.negative消极的。根据本空后的“Iwasinsuchahorribleplaceforsomanyyears.”可知，以前这么多年她一直很消极，故D项正确。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.sacrifice牺牲；B.profit利润；C.change改变；D.wish愿望。现在是时候做出改变了，故C项正确。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。A.setup建立；B.setdown记下；C.setout开始；D.setoff出发。她在脸书上建立了一个名叫LoveDisfigure的团体，故A项正确。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.knowledge知识；B.curiosity好奇心；C.desperation绝望；D.confidence自信。她开设游泳课程的目的是帮助那些毁容、皮肤或健康状况不佳的人增强自信，故D项正确。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.skin皮肤；B.leg腿；C.arm胳膊；D.back后背。她皮肤上有很多疤痕，她自然是想帮助那些与自己有同样遭遇的人，故A项正确。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.familiar熟悉的；B.magic有魔力的、不可思议的；C.serious严重的；D.dangerous危险的。对她来说，去年是不可思议的一年，故B项正确。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.shown显示；B.tolerated容忍；C.uncovered揭露；D.hidden隐藏。她曾经隐藏自己的身体，有过抑郁、焦虑及创伤后应激障碍，故D项正确。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.remind提醒；B.require要求；C.inspire鼓舞；D.inform通知。她希望自己的故事能够鼓舞其他人，故C项正确。第三部分阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)AWIPOistheglobalforumforintellectualpropertyservices，policy，informationandcooperation．Weareaself﹣fundingagencyoftheUnitedNations，with191memberstates．Ourmissionistoleadthedevelopmentofabalancedandeffectiveinternationalintellectualproperty（IP）systemthatenablesinnovationandcreativityforthebenefitofall．Ourmandate，governingbodiesandproceduresaresetoutintheWIPOconvention，whichestablishedWIPOin1967．﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣Werunworkshopsandseminarsthroughouttheyear．Thepresentationsandmeetingdocumentsaremadeavailablefordownloadingwhereverpossiblehere．CurrentandupcomingCaseStudyWorkshoponSupportforIntellectualPropertyManagementinSMEs（IPAdvantage）MeetingcodeWIPO/SMES/TYO/19DateandvenueJanuary29toJanuary31，2019（Tokyo，Japan）Topic（s）SmallandMedium﹣SizedEnterprises，WorkshopsandSeminarsNationalWorkshoponIntellectualPropertyPoliciesforUniversitiesandResearchInstitutionsMeetingcodeWIPO/IP/UNI/AMM/19DateandvenueMarch19toMarch20，2019（Tokyo，Japan）Topic（s）IntellectualProperty，WorkshopsandseminarsConsultationmeetingswiththeIndustrialPropertyProtectionsDirectorateoftheMinistryofIndustry，TradeandsupplyandthemainrelevantinstitutionsMeetingcodeWIPO/IP/MIN/AMM/19DateandvenueMarch21，2019（Paris，France）TopicsIntellectualProperty，WorkshopsandseminarsNationalseminaroncollectivemanagementMeetingcodeWIPO/CCM/TLV/18DateandvenueApril19，2019（TelAviv，Israel）TopicsCollectiveManagementofIntellectualProperty（Copyright），Workshopsandseminars36.Wecanknowfromthepassagethat．A.itisanarticlefromthehandbookofWIPOB.governingbodiesofallmemberstatespayfortherunningofWIPOC.itisintendedforthoseinterestedintheknowledgeofintellectualpropertyD.themissionofWIPOistodevelopaneffectivesystemofinnovationandCreativity37.IfoneisinterestedinImanagement，hecanattendaseminarin．A.JordanorIsraelB.IsraelorFranceC.AmmanorTokyoD.TelAvivorTokyo【答案】36.C37.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了世界知识产权组织2019年将举办的几场研讨会的相关信息。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据文章内容，特别是第二栏中的“Thepresentationsandmeetingdocumentsaremadeavailablefordownloadingwhereverpossiblehere.”可知，知识产权研讨会的演讲和会议文件可以在此下载，由此可知它是为对知识产权只是感兴趣的人设计的，故C项正确。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第四栏中的“March19toMarch20,2019(Tokyo,Japan)”及“IntellectualProperty,Workshopsandseminars”和最后一栏中的“CollectiveManagementofIntellectualProperty(Copyright),Workshopsandseminars”及“April19,2019(TelAviv,Israel)”可知，1月29日在日本东京和4月19日在以色列特拉维夫举办的研讨会是关于管理的，故D项正确。BDear17﹣year﹣oldself，WhenyourLakerdreamcomestruetomorrow，youneedtofigureoutawaytoinvestinthefutureofyourfamily．Thissoundssimple，andyoumaythinkit'sano﹣brainer，buttakesometimetothinkonitfurther．IsaidINVEST．IdidnotsayGIVELetmeexplain．Purelygivingmaterialthingstoyoursiblings（兄弟姐妹）mayappeartoberightdecision．Soyoubuythemacar，abighouse，pay，alloftheirbill．Youwantthemtoliveabeautifulcomfortablelife，right？Butthedaywillcomewhenyourealizethatasmuchasyoubelievedyouweredoingtherightthing，youwereactuallyholdingthemback．YouwillcometounderstandthatyouweretakingcareofthembecauseitmadeYOUfeelgood，itmadeYOUhappytoseethemsmilingandwithoutacareintheworld﹣andthatwasextremelyselfishofyou．Whileyouwerefeelingsatisfiedwithyourself，youwereslowlyeatingawayattheirowndreamsandambitions．Youwereaddingmaterialthingstotheirlives，butsubtractingthemostpreciousgiftsofall．Investintheirfuture，don'tjustgive．Useyoursuccess，wealthandinfluencetoputtheminthebestpositiontorealizetheirowndreamsandfindtheirtruepurpose．Putthemthroughschool，setthemupwithjobinterviewsandhelpthembecomeleadersintheirownright．Holdthemtothesamelevelofhardworkanddedicationthatittookforyoutogettowhereyouarenow，andwhereyouwilleventuallygo．I'mwritingyounowsothatyoucanbeginthisprocessimmediately，andsothatyoudon'thavetodealwiththehurtandstruggleofweaning（断绝）themoffoftheaddictionthatyoufacilitatedThataddictiononlyleadstoanger，hatredandjealousyfromeverybodyinvolved，includingyourself．Astimegoeson，youwillseethemgrowindependentlyandhavetheirownambitionsandtheirownlives，andyourrelationshipwithallofthemwillbemuchbetterasaresult．Trustme，settingthingsuprightfromthebeginningwillavoidatonoftearsandheadache，someofwhichremainstothisday．Muchlove，38.Whatmightbethebesttitleofhisletter？A.ToMyYoungerSelfB.ForMyDearFamilyC.ToMyBelovedSonDForMyOlderSelf39.Whatmaybe"themostpreciousgiftsofall"intheunderlinedpart？A.IndependenceandgrowthB.wealthandhealthC.loveanddedicationD.successandleadership40.Whatcanweinferfromthisletter？A.Thewriterwillstopofferinghissiblingshelpinthefuture．B.Thewriterdidn'tthinkitagoodfortunetobecomesuccessfulearly．C.ThewriterintendstoremindothersnottocaretoomuchaboutmaterialsD.Thewriterwasoncetroubledbytherelationshipbetweenhimandhisfamily．【答案】38.A39.A40.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文，本文是一篇作者写给年轻时的自己的一封信，讲述了如何处理自己与家人之间的关系。【38题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据文章开头“Dear17-year-oldself,”可知，本文是写给年轻时的自己的一封信，故A项正确。【39题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“youwereslowlyeatingawayattheirowndreamsandambitions.Youwereaddingmaterialthingstotheirlives,butsubtracting”可知，你正在蚕食他们的梦想和抱负，虽然你给他们的生活增添了物质，但却阻碍了他们的独立和成长，由此可知画线词指的是“独立和成长”，故A项正确。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据后两段内容，特别是最后一段“andyourrelationshipwithallofthemwillbemuchbetterasaresult．Trustme，settingthingsuprightfromthebeginningwillavoidatonoftearsandheadache，someofwhichremainstothisday．”可知，你和他们的关系也会因此变得更好。和家人相处方面的一些眼泪和头痛一直持续到今天，由此可知，作者曾被自己和家人之间的关系所困扰，故D项正确。【点睛】本篇词义猜测题设在句尾，因此对上文的理解是关键，根据画线词前的andyourrelationshipwithallofthemwillbemuchbetterasaresult．Trustme，settingthingsuprightfromthebeginningwillavoidatonoftearsandheadache，someofwhichremainstothisday．“youwereslowlyeatingawayattheirowndreamsandambitions.Youwereaddingmaterialthingstotheirlives,butsubtracting”可知，你正在蚕食他们的梦想和抱负，虽然你给他们的生活增添了物质，但却阻碍了他们的独立和成长，由此可知画线词指的是“独立和成长”。CSam，IsaytomyselfasIstartacrossthebridge，youmuststopthesethoughtsandstartthinkingaboutwhattodonowthatyouhavelostyourfalcon（猎鹰），Frightful．Life，myfriendBandooncesaid，ismeetingproblemsandsolvingthemwhetheryouareanamoebaoraspacetraveler．Ihaveaproblem．IhavetoprovidemyyoungersisterAliceandmyselfwithmeat．Fish，nuts，andvegetables，aregoodandnecessary，buttheydon'tprovideenoughfuelforthehardphysicalworkwedo．Althoughwehavevenison（鹿肉）now，Ican'talwayscountongettingit．Sofarthisyear，ourvenisonhasbeenonlyroadkillfrominfrontofMrs．Strawberry'sfarm．Idecidetotakethelongestwayhome，downthefloodplainoftheWestBranchofDelawaretoSpilkill，myownnameforafaststream，thatcascadesdownthesouthfaceofthemountainrangeI'mon．Ineedtimetothink．PerhapsAliceandIshouldbeliketheearlyEskimos．Weshouldwalk，campandhunt，andwhentheseasonschange，walkontonewfoodsources．ButIlovemytreeandmymountaintop．Anothersolutionwouldbetobecomefarmers，likethepeopleoftheIroquoisConfederacywhooncelivedhere．Theysettledinvillagesandplantedcornandsquash（南瓜），bushbeansandberries．Wealreadygrowgroundnutsinthedampsoilandsquashinthepoorland．ButtheIroquoisalsohuntedgame．Ican'tdothatanymoreI'mbackwhereIstartedfrom．SlowlyclimbtheSpillkill．AsIhopfromrocktorockbeneathshadybasswoodsandhemlocks，Ihearthecryofthered﹣tailedhawkwhonestsonthemountaincrest．IamremindedofFrightfulandmyheartaches．Icanalmosthearhercallmyname，Cree，cree，car﹣ree．Maybelcangetherbackiflbegthemanwhoisinchargeoftheperegrines（游隼）university．"Butit'sthelaw，"hewouldsay．LcouldwritetothepresidentoftheUnitedstatesandaskhimtomakeanexceptionofAliceandme．Thatwon'twork．Thepresidentsworetouploadtheconstitution（宪法）andlawsoftheUnitedStateswhenhetookoffice．Iclimbedon．Imuststopthinkingabouttheimpossibleandsolvetheproblemofwhattodonow．Imustfindanewwaytoprovideforus．Frightfulisgoingtobeingoodhandsattheuniversityandshewillhaveyoung．IsmileatthethoughtoflittleFrightfulsandliftmyreluctantfeet．WhenIamfatabovetheriver，1takeofmyclothesandmoccasins（鹿皮鞋）andbatheinadeep，clearpooluntilIamrefreshedandthinkingmoreclearly．Climbingupthebank，Idressandsitdown．Ibreathdeeplyofthemountainairandtrytosolvemyproblemmorerealistically．41.Whatdoesthisexcerpt（节选）maindescribe？A.DelicatementalactivityB.UniquestoryenvironmentC.ComplicatedcharacterrelationshipD.Ever﹣changingstoryevents42.WhatisSam'sfirstworry？A.Theshortestwaytogoback．B.SurvivalforAliceandhimselfC.ThesafetyofFrightfulD.Howtogetenoughvenison43.WhatdoweknowaboutFrightful？A.HeleftSamandAliceduetolackoffood．B.HehelpedSamhuntbeforebeingtakenawayC.Heislivingwiththered﹣tailedhawkhappilyD.Heisgivingbirthtobabiesintheuniversity44.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeSam？A.HumorousB.AggressiveC.ResponsibleD.Unrealistic【答案】41.A42.B43.B44.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇文学作品节选，讲述了作者一路上思考自己生存问题过程中的心理活动。【41题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了作者从一开始过桥时默默对自己说的话、想起朋友曾说过的话，到走最远的路回家途中对自己和妹妹生活方式的思考、再到爬山时又想起了猎鹰Frightful以及思考一些不可能的事情，最后决定更现实地解决自己的问题这些细微的心理活动，故A项正确。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Ihaveaproblem.IhavetoprovidemyyoungersisterAliceandmyselfwithmeat.”可知，作者首先担心的是自己和妹妹的食肉问题，故B项正确。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“startthinkingaboutwhattodonowthatyouhavelostyourfalcon,Frightful.”可知，没有猎鹰后作者不知道该怎么办了，由此可知猎鹰以前帮作者捕猎，故B项正确。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Ihaveaproblem.IhavetoprovidemyyoungersisterAliceandmyselfwithmeat.”可知，作者首要想的是给自己的小妹妹Alice解决保持体力的食肉问题，第三、四段中又想到了像爱斯基摩人一样生活或当农民，一路上都在为自己和妹妹如何生存绞尽脑汁，由此可知作者是一个负责任的人，故C项正确。【点睛】本篇的主旨大意题难度很大，文章没有明显的主题句，需要根据各段关键句对文章进行整体分析，例如第一段中的“startthinkingabout”，第三段中的“Ineedtimetothink”，第五段中的“IamremindedofFrightfulandmyheartaches.Icanalmosthearhercallmyname”，倒数第二段中的“Imuststopthinkingabouttheimpossibleandsolvetheproblemofwhattodonow.”及最后一段中的“trytosolvemyproblemmorerealistically.”都是作者这一路上的心理变化，由此可知，文章讲述了作者从一开始过桥时默默对自己说的话、想起朋友曾说过的话，到走最远的路回家途中对自己和妹妹生活方式的思考、再到爬山时又想起了猎鹰Frightful以及思考一些不可能的事情，最后决定更现实地解决自己的问题这些细微的心理活动。D"Itcan'tbedone．"BoyanSlatheardthisoverandoverwhenhefirstproposedawaytocleanupmillionsoftonsofplasticpollutingouroceans．Almostanyoneelsewouldhavegivenupinfrustrationanddespair．But20﹣year﹣oldSlathasn't：beendiscouragedbutcommittedtohisdream．"Humanhistoryisbasicallyalistofthingsthatcouldn'tbedone，andthenweredone，"hesays．Today，slatandhisteamatTheOceanCleanuparewellontheirwaytoprovingthecriticswrong．Goodnewsfortheplanet．（1）_______Slat，whogrewupinthecityofDelftintheNetherlands，wasonadivingtripinGreecethreeyearsagowhenhewasdeeplyimpressedbyplastic，"Thereweremoreplasticbagsthanfish，"hesays．"ThatmomentIrealizeditwasahugeissueandthatenvironmentalissuesarereallythebiggestproblemsmygenerationwillface．"Thatfall，Slat，then17，decidedtostudyplasticpollutionaspartofahighschoolproject．Soon，Slatlearnedthatnoonehadyetcomeupwithpracticalwaytocleanupthismassivegarbagepatches．Mostproposedsolutionsinvolved"fishing"uptheplasticusingshipsequippedwithnets﹣which，asSlatdiscovered，wouldlikelytakemorethan1，000years，costtoomuch，letofftoomuchsealifealongwiththetrash．Slatproposedanalternativethatmostlyavoidedtheseproblems﹣asolar﹣poweredsystemusingafloatingplastictubewhichwillgoaroundthegarbageandtrapitis600meterslong，Abigscreenhangsdownfromit，aboutthreemetresintothewater．Wind，wavesandoceancurrentswillpushthetrashtowardthetube．（Fishcanswimunderthescreen）Ashipwillpickupthetrashandtakeitbacktotheshoretosortandrecycleitintooilandotherproducts．Bestofall，SlatpredictedhissystemcouldcleanuptheNorthPacificGarbagePatchbetweenCaliforniaandHawaiiwherealotoffloatinggarbageexists，withinfiveto10years．（2）________Thefollowing，SlatenteredtheaerospaceengineeringprogramattheDelftUniversityofTechnologyandofficiallyannouncedhisoceancleanupconceptatTEDxDelft．Butnothingmuchmovedforward，Slatfoundhimselfcontinuallyabsent﹣mindedinclasses，lookingforways．toimprovehisconcept．"Itwouldn'tletgo．Ifinallydecidedtoputbothuniversityandmysociallifeonholdtofocusallmytimeondevelopingthisidea．Iwasn'tsureifitwouldsucceed，butconsideringthescaleofproblemIthoughtitwasimportanttoatleasttry．"Hesays．Withthisfamily'sblessing，SlatbeganinearnestorganizingateamofvolunteersandemployeesforTheOceanCleanup，whichnownumbersabout100．（3）_______Inanswertoopposition，Slatandhisteamraised＄100，000fromacrowdfundingcampaignandbegantestinga40﹣metercollectingbarrierneartheAzoresIslandslastMarch．InJune，theyreleaseda500+pagepossibilitystudy．Overthenextthreetofouryears，Slatwillpushtowardafullyoperationallarge﹣scaleprojectbytestingaseriesoflongerandlongerbarriers．He'scurrentlyseekingtocrowdfund＄2milliontofinanceit．Incidentally，TheOceanCleanupisalsoworkingonaplantostopplasticfromwashingintotheoceansinthefirstplace．"It'sjusttheotherproblemthatisequallyimportant．"Slatsays．"It'ssomethingeveryoneisabletohelpwith，andwealsohavesometechnologiesinthepipeline．"Asforschool，Slatdoesn'tmissit﹣exceptmaybeforthesocial﹣part，whichhehopesto（恢复）abitoncehisteamtakesonmoreoftheworkload．"Idon'thavetimeforthingslikethatrightnow，butIreallycan'tcomplain．Icanimaginedoingsomethingmorefunthanbeingabletohaveanideaandthenactuallymakingitintoareality．"hesays．45.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph？A.Anintroductiontothemaintopic．B.AnoverviewofthewholearticleC.ThebackgroundinformationofthestoryD.Raisingaproblemforlatersolution46.Whichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectorderofthethreemissingsubtitles？a．Butisitpossible？b．Drowninginplasticc．Anideawouldn'tdieA.a﹣b﹣cB.c﹣b﹣aC.b﹣a﹣cD.b﹣c﹣a47.Whatinspiredtheboytostudyplasticpollution？A.Oneofhishighschoolprojects．B.Others'oppositiontohisproposal．C.Humans'failureincleaninguptheocean．D.Theshockinglyheavyplasticpollutioninocean．48.WhatcanwesayaboutSlat'sdesign？A.ItispowerfulbutonlyusedinCaliforniaandHawaiiB.ItishugebutcausesgreatdamagetosealivesC.Itmakesfulluseofnaturalforcesandisfriendlytonature．D.Itwaswelcomedbyallthepublicandworkedverywell．49.WhichofthefollowingquotesbestdisplaysSlat'sstrongwillandconfidence？A."Humanhistoryisbasicallyalistofthingsthatcouldn'tbedone，andthenweredone．"B."ThatwasthemomentIrealizeditwasahugeissueandthatenvironmentalissuesarereallythebiggestproblemsmygenerationwillface．"C."Ifinallydecidedtoputbothuniversityandmysociallifeonholdtofocusallmytimeondevelopingthisidea．"D."It'ssomethingeveryoneisabletohelpwith，andwealsohavesometechnologiesinthepipeline．"50.Whatdoestheauthormainlydointhisarticle？A.ExplainacreativeideaB.Introduceafascinatingperson．C.DescribeasocialphenomenonD.Praiseapointofview【答案】45.B46.D47.D48.C49.A50.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了一个20岁的小伙子发现海洋中的塑料污染日益严重之后，想出了一种利用风、海浪和洋流清理海洋中的塑料垃圾的方法，人人都说他的想法不可行，但他仍然坚持梦想并付诸实践。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的““Itcan’tbedone.”BoyanSlatheardthisoverandoverwhenhefirstproposedawaytocleanupmillio