高中英语北师大版必修三UNIT 9 Period 2　Lesson 1 Active Learning-Reading Comprehension

TheImportanceofLife­longLearningNowadays,moreandmorepeopleofvariousagesandbackgroundsarecontinuingtostudytoimprovethemselves.Here’swhattheyhavetosayabouttheirlife­longlearningexperience.SunWen—28yearsold“It’snevertoolatetolearn.”ThatwastheadviceIgotafterIfailedmycollegeentranceexam.NowI’mabouttograduatefromtheSchoolofContinuingEducationatQinghuaUniversitywithaBachelor’sDegreeinComputerEngineeringbydistancelearning.Becauseofmynewqualification,I’mgettingpromotedatwork.Inthepast,ifsomeonelikemehadfailedtogetintouniversitythroughthecollegeexam,hewouldhavehadnochanceofgettingadegree.Butit’sdifferentnow.Idecidedtogivemyselfasecondchancebystudyingforadegreeintheeveningsandonweekendswhilekeepingasecure1full­timejob.Franklyspeaking,thelastfouryearshavebeenhardwork,butit’sbeenworthit!MsTang—45yearsoldThreemonthsago,whenmymanagertoldmethatIwouldbelaidoff2,mymindwentblank3andmyheartswelled4withanger.Isuspect5thattheylaidmeoffbecausethecompanywasnotdoingthatwellbutitstillbroughtalumptomythroat6andmademewanttocry.IfeltasifIhaddonesomethingwrong！Iknowthisisn’ttruethough.It’sjustthestatus7ofthejobmarketatthemoment.Atfirst,Ienjoyedbeingafull­timehousewifeandcalledmyself“CHO”or“chief8homeofficer”.ButsoonIgotboredanddecidedtodoabusinesscourse.Ihavealwaysdreamedofstartingmyowncompany.Ihavenearlyfinishedthecoursenowandithasbeenveryhelpful.Ihavelearntsomanynewskillsandhavealreadypreparedabusinessplanforsettingupmyownexportcompany!GrandpaChen—75yearsoldI’msureyouallknowthesaying9,“Youcan’tteachanolddognewtricks.”Well,it’scertainlynottrue！I’manolddog,andI’mteachingmyselfnewtrickseveryday!Itallstartedafewmonthsagowhenpostage10wentup.I’dbeensendinglettersbyairmailtomydaughterintheUSonceaweek,but,suddenly,itwastooexpensive.IdecidedthatitwastimeIbecameanInternetuser.IgotmygrandsontoinstructmeonhowtoemailandusetheInternetandIreallyenjoythespeedatwhichmymessagesgetsentandanswered.Anyway,it’stimeformetogonow.Ihavetopractisethealphabet！I’mdoinganEnglishcourseontheInternet.(节选自北师大版老教材必修5Unit15)词汇积累1.secure/sɪ'kjʊə/adj.稳定的；无忧无虑的2．layoff裁员；解雇3．blank/blæŋk/adj.空白的4．swell/swel/v．被充满；膨胀，肿胀5．suspect/sə'spekt/v．怀疑6．throat/θrəʊt/n．咽喉，喉咙7．status/'steɪtəs/n．现状；社会地位8．chief/tʃiːf/adj.最高级别的9．saying/'seɪɪŋ/n．格言，谚语10．postage/'pəʊstɪdʒ/n．邮费Period2Lesson1ActiveLearning—ReadingComprehensionⅠ.匹配单词1．reflect A．tohelpsthhappenordevelop2．argue B．topretendthatyouhavenotseensborthatsbisnotthere3．flexible C．toshowtheimageofsb/sthonthesurfaceofsthsuchasamirror，waterorglass4．promote D．havingcontrolsthatworkwithoutneedingapersontooperatethem5．ignore E．tospeakangrilytosbbecauseyoudisagreewiththem6．automatic F．abletochangetosuitnewconditionsorsituations答案1.C2.E3.F4.A5.B6.DⅡ.选词填空eq\x(workout，attheheartof，reflecton，brushupon，inshort)1．Hedecidedtosparesometimetoreflectonwhathappenedthosedays.2．AttheheartoftheoldcitywasanoldcastledatingbacktotheMingDynasty.3．Theorganizerwonderedwhohadworkedoutsuchadifficultquestionthatday.4．Inshort，themajorityofthepeopleallaroundtheworldhopetoleadapeacefullife.5．Nomatterhowbusyyouare，besureyoubrushuponwhatyouhavelearnedtoday.Step1速读——整体理解文意Ⅰ.明文章大意Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．Thesuggestionsonactivelearning.B．Thepurposeofactivelearning.C．Theprocessofactivelearning.D．Thebenefitsofactivelearning.答案AⅡ.悉层次结构Matchthemainideawitheachparagraph.(1)Para.1A．Askquestions(2)Para.2B．Whatisactivelearning?(3)Para.3C．Gettothetruth(4)Para.4D．Listentotheoutervoice(5)Para.5E．Focusonthemessage(6)Para.6F．Arguewithyourinnervoice答案(1)B(2)D(3)F(4)A(5)C(6)EStep2细读——逐段获取细节Ⅰ.Readpara.1anddothefollowingexercises.1．Whatdomostpeoplebelieveaboutthehumanbrain?答案Mostpeoplebelievethatthehumanbrainlearnsautomatically.2．Whatdoestheauthoragree?A．Humanbrainalwayslearnsautomatically.B．Wecandonothingtochangeourwayoflearning.C．Wecanbecomebetterlearnersbytraining.D．Onecan’tlearnwellwithoutteachers.答案C3．Accordingtoparagraph1，activelearningincludes.A．learningallbyourselvesB．activeparticipationC．goingoverwhatwehavelearntD．bothBandC答案D4．WhatisKevinDaumgoingtotalkaboutinthearticle?答案Theauthorisgoingtotalkaboutfivesuggestionsonhowtotakeanactiveroleinourlearning.Ⅱ.Readpara.2anddothefollowingexercises.1．Ifyoulistentotheoutervoice，.A．youwillexpressyourpersonalopinionsbetterB．youwillmakebetterdecisionsC．youwillignoreothers’opinionsD．youwillconcentrateonwhatyourbrainissaying答案B2．Bywhatmeansdoestheinnervoicegetinthewayoflearning?答案Ifyoukeeppayingtoomuchattentiontoyourinnervoice，youriskmissingimportantinformation.Ⅲ.Readpara.3anddothefollowingexercises.1．Whatshouldyoudoifyouthinkanotherpersoniswrong?A．Followyourheart.B．Arguewithhim/her.C．Thinkinhis/hershoes.D．Agreewithhim/herunconditionally.答案C2．Howdoyouunderstandthesentence“Ifnot，atleastyouhave‘listenedto’anotherpointofview.”？答案Eventhoughyoudon’tagreewiththespeakerorwriter，youhaveconsideredanotheropinioncarefully.Ⅳ.Readpara.4anddothefollowingexercises.1．Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4?A．Wemustaskothersquestionswhenlearningknowledge.B．Themorequestions，thebetterunderstanding.C．Anactivelearnercan’tbetoocurioustofindinformationaboutthetopic.D．Wemustaskeasyquestionstopromoteactivelearning.答案C2．Findmoreinformationaboutthesuggestionandfillintheblanks.SuggestionTraitLearningAction(s)Reason(s)LearningEffect(s)AskquestionsCuriousAskmorequestionsabout(1)thetopicAskingquestionsis(2)theeasiestwaytopromoteactivelearning.Theanswerswillleadyouto(3)furtherlearning，andhelpyouto(4)achieveahigherlevelofunderstandingaboutthetopic.Ⅴ.Readpara.5anddothefollowingexercises.1．Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“Activelearnersdonotaccepteverythingtheylearn.”？A．Theydon’tacceptanythingtheylearn.B．Theyonlyacceptsomeofwhattheylearn.C．Theydosomethingmorethanjustacceptingknowledge.D．Theydirectlyrejectanideawhenitsoundsunreasonable.答案C2．Whyaredinosaursmentionedinthisparagraph?答案Toshowhowanactivelearnertriestofindthetruthattheheartofeachideaeventhoughitsoundscrazy.Ⅵ.Readpara.6anddothefollowingexercises.1．Howshouldweavoidmissingoutonlearningopportunities?A．Byignoringwhatissaidbypeoplewedon’tlike.B．Byjudgingpeoplebasedonfirstimpressions.C．Byagreeingwithwhateverourfriendssay.D．Byseparatingthemessagefromthemessenger.答案D2．Howdoestheauthordevelopthisparagraph?A．Byanalyzingcausesandeffects.B．Bygivingexamples.C．Bylistingnumbers.D．Bymakingcomparisons.答案AⅦ.Readthewholepassageagainanddothefollowingexercises.1．Thepassageislikelytoappearina(n).A．novelB．guidebrochureC．educationalmagazineD．bookreview答案C2．Whatisthestructureofthepassage?答案B3．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Theoutervoiceexpressesyourpersonalopinions.B．Activelearnersfocusonwhattheirbrainissayinginthebackground.C．Activelearnersaccepteverythingtheylearn.D．Activelearnersdon’tjudgepeoplebasedonfirstimpressionsorpersonalfeelings.答案DStep3读后——讨论深度理解1．Whichofthesuggestionsinthetextdoyouthinkisthemostusefulforyou？Why？(Criticalthinking)2．Howdoyouunderstand“Hewholearnsbutdoesnotthinkislost.”byConfuciusafterreadingthetext？(Creativethinking)Step4总结——课文语法填空Thehumanbraindoesnotalwayswork1.automatically(automatic)soweneedtotrain2.ourselves(our)tobeactivelearners.Therearemanythingswecando3.tobecome(become)activelearners.Weallhavetwovoices—ourinnervoiceandoutervoice.Ourinnervoicetellsus4.personal(person)opinionsandouroutervoicedealswithopinionsandthingswehaveheardorread.Ifwelistentoourinnervoicetoomuch，itcanstopus5.fromlearning.Ifourinnervoiceisdifficulttocontrol，wecan6.disagree(agree)withit.Oneoftheeasiest7.ways(way)topromoteactivelearningistoaskquestions,8.whichhelpsusgainmoreknowledgeaboutatopic.Inaword，weshouldneverstop9.being(be)curious.Activelearnersalsotrytoquestiontheworldaroundthemandunderstandthetruthdeepwithineveryidea.Finally，asactivelearners，weshouldneverformopinionsaboutpeopleon10.thebasisoffirstimpressionsorpersonalfeelings.Step5解读——长句难句分析1．Yourinnervoiceexpressesyourpersonalopinions，whiletheoutervoicetellsyouaboutopinionsfromwhatyouhearorread.[句式分析]本句是并列主从复合句。while连接两个并列分句，意为“然而，而”；what引导的是介词from的宾语从句，what在从句中作宾语。[自主翻译]内心声音表达你的个人意见，而外部的声音告诉你关于听到或者读到的观点。2．Instead，activelearnersareopen-mindedandfocusonwhatthespeaker/writerissaying，notonwhattheirbrainissayinginthebackground.[句式分析]本句是主从复合句。两个what引导的都是宾语从句，都作focuson的宾语，而且两个what在从句中都作宾语。[自主翻译]相反，主动学习者是开放的，他们专注于说话人或者作者所说的话，而不是自己的大脑在背景中说的话。3．Ifyoufindyourinnervoicedifficulttocontrol，youcanarguewithitasmostactivelearnersdo.[句式分析]本句是主从复合句。if引导的是条件状语从句，该句中yourinnervoice和tocontrol构成动宾关系，tocontrol用主动表示被动；as引导的是方式状语从句，as在此表示“按照”。[自主翻译]如果你发现内心的声音难以控制，可以像大多数主动学习者那样和它争论。4．Theyrefusetolearnorignorewhatissaidbecauseofwhothespeaker/writeris.[句式分析]本句是主从复合句。what引导宾语从句，且在从句中作主语；who引导宾语从句，且在从句中作表语。[自主翻译]他们因为说话人或作者的身份而拒绝学习或者忽视他们所说的内容。5．Thisgoestheotherwayaswell—donotjustassumethatsomepeoplearealwaysrightbecauseofwhotheyareorjustbecausetheyareyourfriends.[句式分析]本句是主从复合句。that引导的是动词assume的宾语从句；of之后为who引导的宾语从句，who在从句中作表语；because引导的是原因状语从句。or连接becauseofwhotheyare和justbecausetheyareyourfriends两个并列状语。[自主翻译]反之亦然——不要仅仅因为某些人的身份或仅仅因为他们是你的朋友就认为他们总是正确的。Ⅰ.阅读理解ATheInternationalBrainBeeTheInternationalBrainBeewasfoundedin1998byDr.NorbertMyslinskiwithamissiontobuildbetterbrainstofightbraindisorders.Sinceitsstart，theInternationalBrainBeehasinspiredthousandsofstudentstostudyandpursuecareersinneuroscience(神经科学)．TheInternationalBrainBeepromotesstudentengagementwithneurosciencethroughathree-tieredcompetition：studentsstartbysigningupforaLocalBrainBee，thewinnersofwhichcompeteintheircountry’sNationalBrainBee.Everyyear，NationalBrainBeessendonerepresentativetocompeteattheInternationalBrainBeeworldchampionship.OurGoalsTomotivatestudentstolearnaboutthebrainandtoinspirethemtopursuecareersinneurosciencesotheycanhelptreatandfindcuresforbraindisorders.TheIBBLogoTheIBBlogoconsistsofacombinationofabrainonthetopandabeeonthebottom，reflectingthename：thebrainforthemainfocusofthecompetition，andthebeeforthecomingtogetherforchallenging，educationalcompetition.Thestingerofthebeerepresentsthequill(羽毛笔)ortipofapen，thesignofintelligenceandeducation.Thetwopartsofthebrainalsoresemblethetraditionalsymboloftheheart，symbolizingpassionforourfellowman.2022IBBWorldChampionshipAnnouncement15-year-oldCanadianhighschoolstudentHeleneLiisthe2022InternationalBrainBee(IBB)WorldChampion.Secondplacewentto17-year-oldAnmolBhatiafromtheUSA，andthirdplaceto17-year-oldUgneBirstonaitefromLithuania.ThewinnerswereannouncedattheFederationofEuropeanNeuroscienceSocieties(FENS)Forum2022inParis，France.The11finalistsjoinedtheconferencestagebyZoomandwereintroducedbyspecialguestsandlastyear’sWorldChampionViktoriiaVydzhakfromUkraine.Tolearnmorehttps：///news/eq\x(语篇解读本文是一篇应用文，介绍了国际脑科学大赛的概况、目标、图标及2022年获奖者。)1．WhocancompeteattheInternationalBrainBeeworldchampionship?A．StudentswhowintheNationalBrainBee.B．StudentswhosignupforaLocalBrainBee.C．Studentswhoareinterestedinneuroscience.D．Studentswhoareselectedasrepresentatives.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段末句(每年，国家脑科学大赛派出一名代表参加国际脑科学世界锦标赛)可知，只有被推选为代表的学生才能参加国际脑科学世界锦标赛，故选D。2．WhichofthefollowingmeaningsisNOTexpressedbytheIBBlogo?A．Thepassionforhumanbeings.B．Theappreciationfortraditionalsymbols.C．Thefaithforachallengingcompetition.D．Therespectforintelligenceandeducation.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段可知，大脑代表比赛的主要焦点，蜜蜂代表聚集在一起进行具有挑战性和教育性的比赛，蜜蜂的刺是智慧和教育的标志，大脑的两个部分象征着对人类同胞的激情，所以并不涉及对传统标志的欣赏，故选B。3．Wherewasthe2022IBBWorldChampionannounced?A．InCanada. B．InFrance.C．InUkraine. D．InLithuania.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第四段第三句可知，2022年国际脑科学大赛的冠军是在法国宣布的，故选B。B(2023·陕西宝鸡高一期末)AsIlookupatthehundredsoffireworksinthesky，Ihearthebellsringingsomewhere，welcomingthecomingoftheChineseNewYear.ThoughImaynotbelieveinorunderstandmanyoftheNewYeartraditionshere，thesimilaritiesbetweenthecomingofthisNewYearandthebeginningofmynewlifeinChinaarenotlostonabigboylikeme.MyfirstfewdaysinChinawereaculturalshocktosaytheleast.Havingarrivedlateinthesemester，Iimmediatelyhadtobeginmybeginners’Chineseclasses，alongwiththenewestclassofoverseasstudents.Beingsurroundedbyalanguagethatisn’tyourownisunbelievablyannoying.Duetothepicture-basedfashionofChinesewriting，it’snotlikeyoucanhaveaguess，orworkitoutthroughwhateverknowledgeyouhavefromotherLatin-originatedlanguages.Ifyoudon’tknowwhatitsays，thenthat’sit.However，withtimepassing，Ihavefoundmyselfprogressing，thoughpainfullyslowly.ThefirsttimeIcalledataxibymyself，thedriveractuallyunderstoodwhereIwantedtogo，whichishugelyrewarding.Stillitisneverlongbeforemylackoflanguageskillisexposed(暴露的)andIcomecrashingbacktoearth，usuallyimmediatelyuponleavingthetaxi.Gainingalanguageisahugevaluableskill.However，itisnottheonlythingIwillgaininChina.AfterthisyearoflearningChinese，Iaimtogainmymaster’sdegreehereatUniversityofJinan.Opportunitiesdocomearoundratheroften：frombeingofferedjobsteachingEnglish，tobeingaskedtoappearongame-showsforShandongTV.So，fornow，Iamjustlookingforwardtoexpandingmyculturalhorizonsandenjoyingmytimehere.Ittakessometimetogetusedtoeverything，butthat’spartoftheadventureand，mostofall，employment.So，muchliketheChineseNewYearthatIamluckyenoughtobepartof，IamjustlookingforwardtoafreshstartandanewjourneyinChina.语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者来到中国后通过自己的努力在中文和其他方面取得的进步。4．Whycouldn’ttheauthorguessthemeaningoftheChineselanguage?A．Becauseofhislatearrival.B．BecauseofhislackoftheLatinlanguage.C．Becauseofhisexperienceofculturalshock.D．BecauseoftheuniquewayofChinesewriting.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第二段的“Duetothe...youhavefromotherLatin-originatedlanguages.”可知，作者猜不出中文的意思是因为中文独特的书写方式。故选D。5．Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowthroughhistaxiexperience?A．Heispooratusingpublictransport.B．HefindsiteasytocallataxiinChina.C．Heisgoodatchattingwiththetaxidriver.D．HefeelspleasedtohavemadeprogressinChinese.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第二段的“However，withtimepassing...whichishugelyrewarding.”可推知，作者通过打出租车的经历表明他很高兴自己的中文取得了进步。故选D。6．Whatistheauthor’spresentexpectation?A．TosettledowninChina.B．Tobroadenhisculturalhorizons.C．TobecomeafamoushostonTV.D．Tobeanexcellentteachingassistant.答案B解析细节理解题。根据最后一段的“So，fornow，Iamjustlookingforwardtoexpandingmyculturalhorizonsandenjoyingmytimehere.”可知，作者现在的期望是拓宽他的文化视野。故选B。7．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．ExploringChinese：ValuableSkillsMasteredB．LearningChinese：AdventurousbutEnjoyableC．StudyinginChina：ChallengingbutRewardingD．ComingtoChina：MoreOpportunitiesPromised答案C解析标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者来到中国后通过自己的努力在中文和其他方面取得的进步，因此C项“在中国学习：有挑战，但也有收获”最适合作为文章标题。故选C。C(2023·四川成都高一期末)Teenbrainsagedfasterthannormalfromstressbyatleastthreeyears，astudyhasfound.Thestudy，publishedinBiologicalPsychiatry：GlobalOpenScience，wasthefirsttocompareexaminationsofthephysicalstructuresofteenagers’brainsfrombeforeandafterthestressstarted，andtodocumentsignificantdifferences.Researchersknewteenshadhigherlevelsofdepression，anxietyandfearfulnessthanbeforethestress.Butweknewnothingabouttheeffectsontheirbrains.Theresearchersfoundgrowthinbrainareasthatcontrolaccesstosomememoriesandhelpcontrolfear，stressandotheremotions.Premature(过早的)agingofkids’brainsisn’tapositivedevelopment.Theirstressfulchildhoodexperiencesnotonlymakepeopleeasiertosufferfromdepression，anxietyandothermentalillnesses，buttheycanraisetheriskofcancer，heartdiseaseandotherlong-termnegativeoutcomes.Thescientiststriedtomakeouthowthestressitselfmayhaveimpactedthephysicalstructureofthechildren’sbrainsandtheirmentalhealth.Theymatchedpairsofchildrenwiththesameage，genderandstress.“Thatallowedustocompare16-year-oldsbeforethestresswithdifferent16-year-oldsassessedafterthestress，”saidIanGotlib，apsychologyprofessoratStanfordUniversity.Todeterminethebrainageoftheirsamples(样本)，theresearchersfedtheirbrainexaminationsintoamachine-learningmodelforpredictingbrainagedevelopedbytheENIGMA-BrainAgeworkinggroup，aco-operationamongscientistswhosharetheirbrainimagedatasets.Theyalsoevaluatedmentalhealthoutcomesreportedbythematchedpairs.Theyfoundmoreseveresymptomsofanxiety，depressionandinternalizing(内在化的)problemsinthegroupthathadexperiencedthestress.DanSiegel，clinicalprofessorofpsychiatryattheUCLASchoolofMedicine，notedthatmanyindividualsexperiencepost-traumatic(创伤后的)growthafterastressfulexperience.“Thisisausefulinitialstudy，”agreedDavidFassler，clinicalprofessorofpsychiatryattheUniversityofVermont.“Iexpecttheresultswillinformthedesignoffutureresearchinitiatives.”语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，在压力下，青少年的大脑会比正常情况衰老得快至少三年。8．Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Researchershadagoodknowledgeofaging.B．Stressgreatlyinfluencedteenagers’brains.C．Braingrowthimprovedteenagers’happiness.D．Badmemoriesresultedinnegativeemotions.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第一段首句和第二段末句可知，压力对青少年的大脑影响很大。故选B。9．WhatenabledscientiststodoresearchaccordingtoIanGotlib?A．Theapplicationofadvancedtechnology.B．Theaccurateanalysisofthedataprovided.C．Theparticipationofvolunteerteenagers.D．Thepreviousexperienceoftheresearchers.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句可知，根据伊恩·戈特利布所说的，青少年志愿者的参与使科学家能够进行对比研究。故选C。10．Whywasthemachine-learningmodeldeveloped?A．Tosatisfytheneedofthemarket.B．Toevaluatethebrainageofsamples.C．Topredictmentalhealthoutcomes.D．Tosolveinternalizingproblems.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第五段首句可推知，开发机器学习模型是为了评估样本的脑龄。故选B。11．WhatwasDavidFassler’sattitudetothestudy?A．Favorable. B．Indifferent.C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.答案A解析观点态度题。根据最后一段“‘Thisisausefulinitial...willinformthedesignoffutureresearchinitiatives.’”可知，大卫·法斯勒对这项研究是支持的。故选A。Ⅱ.七选五Doyoueverwishyouhadtheabilitytosolveproblemsefficientlyandeasily?1Andatthesametime，youneedtomakeyourthinkingmorelogical.Keepingyourbrainsharpisimportantasyourbrainhasthepowertoreconnectitselfth