北京市2019年中考英语真题（含答案）

北京市2019年中考英语试卷姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五总分评分一、单项填空（每小题0.5分，共6分）1．Mr.Wangiscomingtoourschool.Ican'twaittosee________.A．her B．him C．it D．them2．Weplantedsomeflowers________thegardenyesterday.A．on B．to C．in D．of3．—Excuseme,________isthisT-shirt?—It's88yuan.A．howmuch B．howmany C．howlong D．howold4．—Lily,________youfinishtheletterintenminutes?—Yes,Ican.A．must B．should C．need D．can5．Thiscapisnice,________itdoesn'tlookgoodonme.A．for B．so C．but D．or6．Julietakesgoodcareofthefamilydog.Sheis________thanherbrother.A．patient B．morepatientC．mostpatient D．themostpatient7．Sam________withhisfriendseveryweekend.A．skates B．isskating C．hasskated D．wasskating8．—Tom,what'syourdaddoing?—He________mybike.A．repairs B．willrepair C．hasrepaired D．isrepairing9．Ourschoollife________alotsince2017.Wehavemoreactivitiesnow.A．changes B．changed C．willchange D．haschanged10．IfyouwanttovisitthePalaceMuseum,I________ticketsforyoutomorrow.A．willbook B．booked C．havebooked D．wasbooking11．Myadviceonhowtosavepaper________bymyclasslastMonday.A．accepts B．accepted C．wasaccepted D．isaccepted12．—Didyounotice________inheroffice?—Yes.Shewasgoingoverourwriting.A．whatwasMissLindoing B．whatMissLinwasdoingC．whatdoesMissLindo D．whatMissLindoes二、完形填空（每小题1分，共8分）13．阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。RunforClassPresidentTwomonthsago,whenourclasselection(选举)started,Idecidedtorunforclasspresident.Ienjoyedspeakinginpublicandgotalongwellwithpeople,soIfeltiteasytowin.ButIwas（1）thatpeoplewouldfeelbadformeifIlost.Iwasbusypreparinginthefollowingweek.Myplanwasn'ttomakepromisestodothingsIcouldn't（2）buttoshowmyclasswhyIwantedtobepresident.Iputupmypostersinhallwaysandintheclassroom.Ialsospentthreehourswritingmyspeech,sayingthatIwastheonetheycouldturntowhenevertheyhadaproblem.SinceIwas（3）prepared,Ifeltthatmychancesofwinningwerestrong.However,whenIgavemyspeechonElectionDay,theresponse(反应)wasn'twhatIhad（4）.Fewpeopleactuallylistened.Whenitwasmyopponent's(对手的)turn,everyonewasscreaminghisname.Hisspeechwasshort,butalltothepoint.Bythen,IrealizedIshouldhavemademineshorterandclearer.Itwasobviouswhowould（5）.Fortherestoftheday,Ifeltlikeitwasover.Iwantedtojustgohomeandcry,butImadeitthrough.My（6）wasright:Ididn'twin.Thenextday,peoplewerestilltalkingabouttheelection.Ijustpretended(假装)nottohear.Butlater,thingsgotbetter.People（7）abouttheelectionandtalkedtomejustastheydidbefore.Idon'tregretputtingtimeandenergyintotheelectionbecauseI'velearnedthatthingsaren'talwaysgoingthewayIexpect.Andmomentsoffailurelikethisbuild（8）—sincethenI'velearnedtofacedisappointmentandgrownstronger.（1）A．bored B．afraid C．excited D．hopeful（2）A．compare B．remember C．manage D．repeat（3）A．fully B．quickly C．freshly D．physically（4）A．feared B．faced C．mentioned D．pictured（5）A．insist B．return C．wait D．win（6）A．suggestion B．prediction C．direction D．introduction（7）A．forgot B．wrote C．cared D．discussed（8）A．trust B．pride C．character D．support三、阅读理解（每小题2分，共26分）14．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ExperiencingChinaMike,CanadaIspentthreemonthswithmyhostfamily(接待家庭)inChina.Itwasalifetimeexperience.IwasabletoexperienceChineselivingandculture,frombasicTaiChitoBeijingOpera.IevenvisitedafamoustraditionalChinesemedicinehospital.NowIhaveabetterunderstandingofChineseculture.Joanna,AustraliaIstayedwithmyhostfamilyforfivemonths.MyhostmotherisaChineseteacherandsheisreallywarm-hearted.Withherhelp,myChinesehasimprovedalot.AndIhavegotusedtoanewculture.MyfavoritepartoftheexperiencewassharingmyfeelingsinChinawithher.Bill,AmericaMyhostmotherisawonderfulcook!ShemakesmeallkindsoftraditionalChinesedishes.TheyaretastyandIlikethemverymuch.Justlikeme,myhostparentslovetolearnaboutdifferentcultures.TheyoftenaskmequestionsaboutlifeinAmerica.Cindy,GermanyRecentlyItookpartinaprogramtostudyChinese.IlivedwithahostfamilyinChinaforsixmonths.Myhostsisterisareallyhardworkingstudent.ItwasamazingtoseehowshemadeprogressinEnglish.Andacloserelationshiphasdevelopedbetweenus.（1）WhovisitedatraditionalChinesemedicinehospital?A．Mike B．Joanna C．Bill D．Cindy（2）HowlongdidJoannastaywithherhostfamilyinChina?A．Threemonths. B．Fourmonths. C．Fivemonths. D．Sixmonths.（3）Cindythinksherhostsisteris________.A．awonderfulcook B．aresponsibledoctorC．awarm-heartedteacher D．ahardworkingstudent15．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。BlueLightningSallylovedcarsmorethananythingelse.Thisspringshethoughtofbuildingago-karttoenterfortheGo-GoRace.Sosheaskedherdadforhelp."Well,"hesaid."Howaboutthis:youdosomeresearchfirstandthencomebacktomewithadesign."Aweeklater,SallybroughthernotesanddrawingstoDad.Shenamedhergo-kart"BlueLightning".Dadlookedoverherwork,thinking."Well,that'sinteresting,"hesaid."Haveatry.JustbuildBlueLightningasyou'vedesigned."Overthreeweekendsofhardwork,Sallyturnedherdesignintoareal,workinggo-kartandpainteditlightblue.Dadaskedhertotakeitforatestdrive.Sallyagreed.Aftershedidthat,SallydrovebacktoDad."Well,"shesaid."NowIknowwhyyouwantedmetohaveatestdrive.""Oh,doyou?"hesaid."Pleaseshare.""WhenIdrovefast,therewasalotofpushback,"shesaid."Ithinkit'sbecauseofthelightningbolt(闪电)shape.""Verygood!"Dadsaid."So,whydidn'tyoutellmeaboutthatprobleminthefirstplace?"Sallyasked.Dadlaughed."Where'sthefuninthat?Ifyougiveamanafish,he'lleatforaday.Butifyouteachamantofish,he'lleatforalifetime."Sallysaid,"Isee.Anyway,designingishalfthefun!"Dadsmiled."Good.Sometimes,learninghappensduringtheprocess.Welearnhowtodosomethingrightbydoingitafewtimesfirstandmakingmistakesalongtheway."ThatencouragedSallyandsheworkedevenharder.WhensheshowedDadhernewgo-kart,henoddedwithpride.Finallycametherace.Sallywasn'tworriedaboutwhethershewouldwin—inhermind,shehadalreadywon,bybuildingsomethingbetterthaneverbefore.（1）Sallythoughtofbuildingago-kartto________.A．practicedriving B．enterforaraceC．playwithfriends D．dosomeresearch（2）WhatdidSally'sdadaskhertodoaftershebuiltthego-kart?A．Tohaveatestdrive. B．Totakeagoodrest.C．Togiveitacoolname. D．Topaintitlightblue.（3）Sally'sstorymainlytellsusthat________.A．winningaraceisimportant B．fishingbringsusalotoffunC．drivingexperienceisnecessary D．learninghappensduringtheprocess16．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Sometimesitseemsthattimeisflying.Perhapsitdoesn'tneedtofeelthisway.Ourexperienceoftimecanbepossiblychanged.Byunderstandingthepsychological(心理学的)processesbehindourdifferentexperiencesoftime,wemightbeabletoslowdowntimealittle.Onebasiclawofpsychologicaltimeisthattimeseemstoslowdownwhenwe'reexposed(接触)tonewenvironmentsandexperiences.Thelawiscausedbytherelationshipbetweenourexperienceoftimeandtheamountofinformationourmindsprocess.Themoreinformationourmindstakein,theslowertimeseemstopass.Itfollows,then,thatwehavedifferentexperiencesoftimeindifferentsituations.Insomesituations,ourlifeisfullofnewexperiences.Ourmindsprocessalotofinformationandtimeseemstoslowdown.Inothersituations,wehavefewernewexperiencesandtheworldaroundusbecomesmoreandmorefamiliar(熟悉的).Webecomeinsensitivetoourexperience,whichmeansweprocesslessinformation,andtimeseemstospeedup.Howcanweslowdowntime?Herearetwosuggestions.Firstly,sinceweknowthatfamiliaritymakestimepassfaster,wecanexposeourselvestoasmanynewexperiencesaspossible.Wecangiveourselvesnewchallenges,meetnewpeople,andexposeourmindstonewinformation,hobbiesandskills.Thiswillincreasetheamountofinformationourmindsprocessandexpand(增加)ourexperienceoftime.Secondly,andperhapsmosteffectively,wecangiveourwholeattentiontoanexperience-towhatweareseeing,feeling,tasting,smellingorhearing.Thismeanslivingthroughoursensesratherthanthroughourthoughts.Forexample,onthewayhome,focusyourattentionoutsideofyourself,insteadofthinkingabouttheproblemsyouhavetodealwith.Lookatthesky,oratthebuildingsyoupass,travelingamongthem.Thisopenattitudetoyourexperienceshelpstakeinmoreinformationandalsohasatime-expandingeffect.Toacertaindegree,wecanunderstandandcontrolourexperienceoftimepassing.It'spossibleforustoslowdowntimebyexpandingourexperienceoftime.（1）Accordingtothewriter,wecanexpandourexperienceoftimeby________.A．goingtobedontime B．travelingtonewplacesC．havingdinnerasusual D．printingthesamematerials（2）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Beingfamiliarwiththeworldaroundhelpsusgetmoreinformation.B．Understandingpsychologicaltimemakeslifepassmorequickly.C．Wecantakeinmoreinformationbylivingthroughoursenses.D．Weshouldbuildastrongerrelationshipbetweentimeandus.（3）Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．SlowDownTime B．OnlyTimeWillTellC．RaceAgainstTime D．TimeWillNotComeTwice17．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。HowMuchCanWeAffordtoForget?In2018,Sciencemagazineaskedsomeyoungscientistswhatschoolsshouldteachstudents.Mostsaidstudentsshouldspendlesstimememorizingfactsandhavemorespaceforcreativeactivities.AstheInternetgrowsmorepowerful,studentscanaccess(获得)knowledgeeasily.Whyshouldtheyberequiredtocarrysomuchofitaroundintheirheads?Civilizations(文明)developthroughforgettinglifeskillsthatwereoncenecessary.IntheAgricultural(农业的)Age,afarmercouldaffordtoforgethuntingskills.Whensocietiesindustrialized,theknowledgeoffarmingcouldbesafetoforget.Nowadays,smartmachinesgiveusaccesstomosthumanknowledge.Itseemsthatwenolongerneedtoremembermostthings.Doesitmatter?Researchershaverecognizedseveralproblemsthatmayhappen.Forone,humanbeingshavebiases(偏见),andsmartmachinesarelikelytoincreaseourbiases.Manypeoplebelievesmartmachinesarenecessarilycorrectandobjective,butmachinesaretrainedthrougharepeatedtestingandscoringprocess.Intheprocess,humanbeingsstilldecideonthecorrectanswers.Anotherproblemrelatestotheeaseofaccessinginformation.Whentherewerenocomputers,effortswererequiredtogetknowledgefromotherpeople,orgotothelibrary.Weknowwhatknowledgeliesinotherbrainsorbooks,andwhatliesinourheads.Buttoday,theInternetgivesustheinformationweneedquickly.Thiscanleadtothemistakenbelief—theknowledgewefoundwaspartofwhatweknewallalong.Inanewcivilizationrichinmachineintelligence,wehaveeasyaccesstosmartmemorynetworkswhereinformationisstored.Butdependencyonanetworksuggestspossibilitiesofbeingharmedeasily.Thecollapseofanyofthenetworksofrelationsourwell-being(健康)dependsupon,suchasfoodandenergy,wouldproduceterribleresults.Withoutfoodwegethungry;withoutenergywefeelcold.Anditisthroughwidespreadlossofmemorythatcivilizationsareatriskoffallingintoadarkage.Weforgetoldwaystofreeuptimeandspacefornewskills.Aslongastheolderformsofknowledgearestoredsomewhereinournetworks,andcanbefoundwhenweneedthem,perhapsthey'renotreallyforgotten.Still,astimegoeson,wegraduallybutunquestionablybecomestrangerstofuturepeople.（1）Whyaresmartmachineslikelytoincreaseourbiases?A．Becausetheygooffcourseintestingandscoring.B．Becausewecontrolthetrainingprocessonthem.C．Becauseweofferthemtoomuchinformation.D．Becausetheyoverusetheprovidedanswers.（2）TheeaseofaccessinginformationfromtheInternet________.A．freesusfrommakingeffortstolearnnewskillsB．preventscivilizationsfrombeinglostatahighspeedC．misleadsusintothinkingwealreadyknewtheknowledgeD．separatesthefactswehavefromthoseinthesmartmachines（3）Theword"collapse"inParagraph5probablymeans"________".A．asuddenfailure B．thebasicruleC．adisappointingstart D．thegradualdevelopment（4）Whatisthewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A．Toquestionaboutthestandardsofinformationstorage.B．Todiscussourproblemsofcommunicationwithmachines.C．Tostresstheimportanceofimprovingourmemorizingability.D．Toremindusoftheriskofdependingonmachinestoremember.四、任务型阅读（每小题2分，共10分）18．阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。HugeWavesDestroyingArcticIceFasterthanExpectedIcecoversmuchoftheArcticOcean(北冰洋).Somepiecesoficearehuge,likemovingislands.Astemperatureshaveincreased,however,someoftheicehasbeguntodisappear.Scientistshavediscoveredhugewaves(海浪)inthearcticwaters.ThewaveswerediscoveredbyaccidentinMay,2010.ScientistAlekseyMarchenkoandhisstudentssetoutonatrip.Theywantedtostudytheicywaters.OnMay2,theshiptraveledeastandstoppednexttoalargechunkoficearound50milesfromthesmallislandofHopen.Marchenkopreparedtoleadhisstudentsoutontotheice."WewerereadytogobutwhenIwentout,Idiscoveredmanycracks(裂缝)around,"heremembers.Hedecidedtomovetheshipdeeperintotheicetokeepsafe.Thefartherintheywent,hethought,thehardertheicewouldbecome.Astheypushedforward,however,theshipexperiencedsmallwaves,andthenbiggerones.Soon,thewavesbrokeuptheicearoundtheshipintothousandsofsmallerpieces.Withinanhour,Marchenkoandhisteamsawawavethatwasabout13feethigh.Theship'snavigation(航行)systemfinallyrecordedthelargestwaves.Theyweremorethan20feetinheight.Thewavesweresostrongthattheyforcedhugepiecesoficetojumpupanddown,breakingtheiceintosmallerpieceswithinjustonehour.Scientistshadneverimaginedthattheprocesscouldhappensofast.Thewavesintheseareasusedtobesmall.Thespeedandforceofthehugewavestheremakesitimpossibletoknowinadvancewhentheyarecoming.Thatcouldbedangerousfornavigatorsandlocalcommunitieswhoareunpreparedforhugewavesordependonseaicetoprotectthem.Wildlifelikepolarbearsandwalrusesthatdependonseaicetoliveisalsoindanger.Somescientiststhinkpeoplewillsoonseeevenbiggerwavesintheseicywaters.Aswavesbreakupice,theseaswillbecomemoreopen,andthewaveswillgetevenstronger.Therearestormytimesahead.（1）WhendidMarchenkoandhisstudentsdiscoverhugewavesinthearcticwaters?（2）WhydidMarchenkoandhisstudentssetoutonthetrip?（3）WhatdidMarchenkodecidetodotokeepsafe?（4）Howhighwerethelargestwavesrecordedbythenavigationsystem?（5）WhatisParagraph7mainlyabout?五、文段表达（10分）19．从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。题目①：假如你是李华，你们学校正在开展"安全月"宣传活动，倡议大家制作关于安全教育的主题海报，你们班交换生Peter给你发邮件询问相关事情。请用英语回复一封邮件，告诉他海报上交的时间，并分享你设计海报的一些想法。提示词语：design,safetyrule,careful,protect,picture提示问题：●Whenshouldyouhandintheposter?●WhatwouldyouliketosharewithPeteraboutdesigningtheposter?DearPeterI'mgladtoreceiveyouremail.IfthereisanymoreanythingthatIcanhelpwith,Pleaseletmeknow.YoursLiHua题目②：自律，即自我约束，是自我提升的一种途径，有助于我们成长，促使我们不断前行。某英文网站正在开展以"自律"为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈为了增强自律意识，你做过什么，以及这样做给你带来的好处。提示词语：self-disciplined(自律的),plan,goal,habit,improve提示问题：●Whatdidyoudotobeself-disciplined?●Whatbenefitshaveyougotfromdoingso?Self-disciplineplaysanimportantroleinourlife.

答案解析部分1．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：黄先生将来我们学校。我迫不及待想见他。A.她；B.他；C.它D.他们。用him，他，代替Mr.Wang，作see的宾语，故选B。

【点评】考查代词辨析。注意理解句意，理解选项。2．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：我昨天在花园里种了一些花。A.on在……上面；B.to朝；C.在……里面；D……地，表示所属关系。根据常识，可知应在花园里种花，用in，故选C。

【点评】考查介词辨析，注意理解选项意思，根据语境选出正确答案。3．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：——打扰一下，这件T-恤衫多少钱？——88元。A.多少（钱），询问价格；B.多少，对可数名词数量询问；C.多久，多长；D.多少岁。根据It's88yuan.可知询问T恤衫的多少钱，故选A。

【点评】考查疑问词辨析。注意理解选项意思，理解句意。4．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：——丽丽，你十分钟以后可以写完信吗？——是的，可以。A.must必须；B.应该；C.需要；D.可以，能。由can引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用yes,主语+can，否定回答用No，主语+can't，根据Yes,Ican.可知，问句因由can引导的一般疑问句，故选D。

【点评】考查情态动词辨析。注意各情态动词的区别和用法。5．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：这顶帽子真漂亮，但它戴在我头上看起来不好。A.for为了；B.因此；C.但是；D.或者。前后句是转折关系，因此用but，但是，故选C。

【点评】考查连词辨析，注意理解句意，根据语境选出正确的答案。6．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：Julie把他家的狗照顾都很好。她比她的的哥哥更有耐心。A.耐心的；B.更有耐心的；C.表达不存在；D.最有耐心的。根据than，可知用形容词的比较级，patient，有耐心的，其比较级是morepatient，故选B。

【点评】考查形容词的比较级。注意比较级的用法。7．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：Sam每周末和他的朋友去滑冰。A.一般现在时；B.现在进行时；C.现在完成时；D.过去进行时。选描述经常性的发生的动作，用一般现在时，skate滑冰，主语是Sam，第三人称单数，动词用三单形式，skate的三单是skates，故选A。

【点评】考查动词的时态，注意根据语境，选择正确的时态。8．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：——汤姆，你爸爸在干什么？——他正在修我的自行车。根据what'syourdaddoing?可知时态用现在进行时，且结构为be+doing，repair修理，动词，其现在分词是repairing，故选D。

【点评】考查动词的时态。注意根据语境，确定动词的时态和形式。9．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：我们的学校生活自从2017年发生了很大改变。我们现在有更多的活动。A.一般现在时；B.过去时；C.一般将来时；D.现在完成时。根据since2017，可知用现在完成时，故选D。

【点评】考查动词时态。注意现在完成时的用法。10．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：如果你想参观故宫博物馆，我明天给你订票。book,订购，A.一般将来时；B.一般过去时；C.现在完成时；D.过去进行时。根据tomorrow，可知动词用一般将来时，故选A。【点评】考查动词的时态，注意一般将来时的用法。11．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：我关于如何节约用纸的建议上周一被我的班里采纳了。A.接受，一般现在时；B.一般过去时；C.过去时的被动语态；D.现在时的被动语态。主语myadvice和accept之间是被动关系，用被动语态，根据lastMonday,可知用过去时的被动语态，其结构为were/was+过去分词，主语advice，不可数名词，be动词用was，accept的过去分词是accepted，故选C。

【点评】考查动词的时态辨析。注意过去时的被动语态的用法。12．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：——你注意到林小姐在他办公室了正在干什么吗？——注意到了，她正在为我们的写作进行复习。notice后接宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，故排除AC，根据Shewasgoingoverourwriting.可知宾语从句的语序用过去进行时，故排除D，故选B。

【点评】考查宾语从句。注意宾语从句的用法。13．【答案】（1）B；（2）C；（3）A；（4）D；（5）D；（6）B；（7）A；（8）C【解析】【分析】大意：作者竞选班长职位，但是结果不是自己期望的那样子，通过这次竞选，使作者学会了面对令人失望的事情，变得更加强大成熟。

（1）句意：但是我害怕如果我落选，人们会对我感觉不好。A.无聊的，感到厌倦的；B.害怕的；C.激动的；兴奋的；D.充满希望的。根据Ienjoyedspeakinginpublicandgotalongwellwithpeople,soIfeltiteasytowin.but,可知，虽然作者自己很自信，和同学们相处的很好，喜欢在众人面前讲话，但是也害怕落下后没面子，大家对自己感觉不好，此处用afraid，害怕，故选B。

（2）句意：我的计划不是承诺做我不能完成事而是向同学们展示我想成为班长的原因。A.比较；B.记住；C.完成（困难的事），勉励完成；D.重复。根据buttoshowmyclasswhyIwantedtobepresident.可知作者回避做自己难完成的事，用manage，完成，故选C。

（3）句意：因为我充分准备，所以我觉得我赢的机会很大。A.完全地，全部地，充分地；B.迅速地；C.刚刚，新近；D.身体上，肉体上，根本上。根据Ifeltthatmychancesofwinningwerestrong.因为他觉得自己赢的机会很大，所以他应该是进行了充分准备，用fully，充分地，故选A。

（4）句意：然而，当我选举那天进行演讲的时候，反应不是我设想的那个样子。A.害怕；B.面对；C.提及到；D.想象，设想，描述。根据However,whenIgavemyspeechonElectionDay,可知没演讲前作者觉得自己赢的机会很大，但是自己的真实演讲却没有自己演讲前设想的那么好，用pictured，设想，故选D。

（5）句意：很显然，谁将会获胜。A.坚持；B.归还；C.等待；D.赢。根据Whenitwasmyopponent's(对手的)turn,everyonewasscreaminghisname.可知对手进行演讲时，大家对高喊他的名字，因此谁将成为班长是很明显的事，用win，赢，故选D。

（6）句意：我的预言是对的：我没有赢。A.建议；B.预测；预言；C.指导，命令；D.介绍。根据ButIwas1thatpeoplewouldfeelbadformeifIlost.作者猜到自己可能会落下，因此用prediction，预言，故选B。

（7）句意：人们忘记选举这件事，他们像选举前一样和我说话。A.忘记；B.写；C.关心；D.讨论。根据常识可知，学生们选谁当班长其实不是很关心，不久就会忘记它，一切都会恢复到没选举前一样，因此用forgot，忘记，故选A。

（8）句意：像这样失败的时刻塑造人物。A.相信；B.自豪；C.角色，人物；D.支持。根据sincethenI'velearnedtofacedisappointmentandgrownstronger.可知这样一次演讲比赛，让作者敢于面对令人扫兴的事，变得成熟，因此用character，人物，故选C。

【点评】考查完形填空，考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先跳过空格通读全文掌握其大意。然后一一作答。注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证答案。14．【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述四位外国人在中国的经历。

（1）细节题。根据IevenvisitedafamoustraditionalChinesemedicinehospital.可知迈克参观了传统的中医院，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据Istayedwithmyhostfamilyforfivemonths.可知她在中国的房东家呆了5个月，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据Myhostsisterisareallyhardworkingstudent.可知她认为他房东的妹妹是是一位很勤奋的学生，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案。15．【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述在过程中学习，我们通过做某事数次，然后发现错误，最后学会怎样正确地做某事。

（1）细节题。根据Thisspringshethoughtofbuildingago-karttoenterfortheGo-GoRace.可知她想造卡丁车参加比赛，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据Dadaskedhertotakeitforatestdrive.造好卡丁车后，爸爸叫她进行测试驾，故选A。

（3）主旨题。文章主要讲述我们通过做某事数次，然后发现错误，最后学会怎样正确地做某事，在过程中学习，故选D。

【点评】细节题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。16．【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述我们的大脑吸收的信息越多，时间似乎过得更慢。

（1）推断题。根据Itfollows,then,thatwehavedifferentexperiencesoftimeindifferentsituations.不同的环境，会产生不同的时间体验，因此推出经历不同的的地方可以扩展自己的体验，故选B。

（2）推断题。根据Thismeanslivingthroughoursensesratherthanthroughourthoughts.Thisopenattitudetoyourexperienceshelpstakeinmoreinformationandalsohasatime-expandingeffect.可知通过我们的感觉生活可以使我们获得更多的信息，故选C。

（3）主旨题。本文主要讲述讲述我们的大脑吸收的信息越多，时间似乎过得更慢，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题的关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。17．【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】大意：作者主要讲的是用机器记信息可能会产生的不良影响或后果。

（1）细节题。根据Manypeoplebelievesmartmachinesarenecessarilycorrectandobjective,butmachinesaretrainedthrougharepeatedtestingandscoringprocess.Intheprocess,humanbeingsstilldecideonthecorrectanswers.机器人的程序是由人类编程的，人类控制它们的训练程序，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据Thiscanleadtothemistakenbelief—theknowledgewefoundwaspartofwhatweknewallalong.通过互联网知晓信息的便利会误导我们认为我们找到的信息就是我们一直以来都知道的信息的一部分，故选C。

（3）词义猜测题。根据Thecollapseofanyofthenetworksofrelationsourwell-being(健康)dependsupon,produceterribleresults.可知，此处指我们健康所依靠的网络中的任何一个突然崩溃或垮掉了，都会产生很糟糕的后果。collapse意为崩溃，垮掉，故选A。

（4）主旨题。通读全文可知，作者主要讲的是用机器记信息可能会产生的不良影响或后果，故D项符合题意，故选D。

【点评】词义猜测题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推出词句的意思；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。18．【答案】（1）InMay,2010.（2）Becausetheywantedtostudytheicywaters.（3）Hemovedtheshipdeeperintotheice.（4）Morethan20feet.（5）ThedamageofthehugewavestopeopleandwildlifeinArctic.【解析】【分析】大意：本文主要讲述与预料相比，巨浪浪摧毁北冰洋速度更快。

（1）根据ThewaveswerediscoveredbyaccidentinMay,2010.可知他们发现在2010年，五月发现北冰洋水里巨浪，故填InMay,2010。

（2）根据Theywantedtostudytheicywaters.可知因为他们想研究这里的冰水，故填Becausetheywantedtostudytheicywaters。

（3）根据Hedecidedtomovetheshipdeeperintotheicetokeepsafe.可知他他把船开到冰里，故填Hemovedtheshipdeeperintotheice。

（4）根据Theyweremorethan20feetinheight.可知最高的浪高超过20英尺高，故填Morethan20feet。

（5）根据Thatcouldbedangerousfornavigatorsandlocalcommunitieswhoareunpreparedforhugewavesordependonseaicetoprotectthem.Wildlifelikepolarbearsandwalrusesthatdependonseaicetoliveisalsoindanger.可知本段主要讲述巨浪对人和北冰洋的野生生物的毁坏，故填ThedamageofthehugewavestopeopleandwildlifeinArctic。

【点评】考查任务型阅读，注意首先理解问题所问，带着问题从原文找到答案。19．【答案】题目①答案：

Asitisrequired,youaresupposedtohand

intheposterbeforenextFriday.

Beingyourclosefriend,Iamextremely

willingtosharesomeideasaboutdesigningth