高中英语 名词性从句讲解

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名词性从句

PART1

完成以下题目，并分别指出它们是什么从句

1.thebabycouldspeakmadehisparentsveryhappy.

A.ThatB.WhatC.WhyD.If

2.Iwonderyouwillgoshoppingorstayathome.

A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.what

3.Thisishewasoftenlateforschool.

A.whatB.thatC.whyD.whether

4.Weallknowthetruththeeartharoundthesun.

A.if;movedB.that;movesC.why;moveD.whether;move

名词性从句的功能：相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。

Hisjobisimportant.（主语）

Whathedoesisimportant.（主语）

Thisishisjob.（表语）

Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.（表语）

Idon'tlikehisjob.（宾语）

Idon'tlikewhathedoeseveryday.（宾语）

Idon'tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.侗位语）

Idon'tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.（同位语）

得出结论：因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分为四类，即：主语从句、宾语从句、表

语从句和同位语从句。

PART2

名词性从句的类型：

1.主语从句：在复合句中作主句的主语。连接词有that,whether;who,what,which;when,where,how,

why等。如：

•heisafamoussingerisknowntous.

•hewillgotoAmericaisnotyetfixed.

•she'scomingornotdoesn'tmattertoomuch.

•broketheglassyesterdayisnotclear.

注意：

1.为避免主语冗长，句子头重脚轻，经常用it作形式主语，主语从句放在后面作真正的主语。

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记住以下it作形式主语的句型：

It'slikely/possible/important/necessary/clearthat...很可能/重要的是…/必要的是…/很清楚…

It'ssaid/reportedthat...据说/据报道...

Itseems/appears/happensthat…显然、明显、碰巧...

Ifsbeenannounced/declaredthat...已经通知/宣布...

Ifsnowonderthat…并不奇怪/无疑...

It'sapity/afact/acommonknowledge（众所周知）/acommonsaying（俗话说）that...

•Itworriedherabitherhairwasturninggray.

A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for

•Itremainsaquestionwecangetsomuchmoneyinsuchashorttime.

A.howB.thatC.whenD.what

•Itisknowntouswherethereispollution,thereisharm.

A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that

2.单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用句单数形式；如果是两个或两个以上的主语作

主语，谓语动词则视情况而定。

Whenandwherehewasbornhasn'tbeenfound.

Whenhewasbornandwherehewasbornhaven'tbeenfound.

Whenandwhythepersonwasmurderedisstillunknown.

Whenthepersonwasmurderedandwhyhewasmurderedarestillunknown.

Exercises:

•,makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.

A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.Whoever

•Icanpaybackthehelpthatpeoplegivememakesmeveryhappy.

A.WhereB.WhatC.ThatD.How

•It'snotclearwasresponsiblefortheaccident.

A.WhoB.WhatC.HowD.That

•intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mail

account.

A.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires

2.表语从句：在复合句中作主句的表语。引导词有连词that,whether,asif,asthough;who,what,which,

whose;when,where,how,why,because等。如：

•Theproblemiswedidn'tgetintouchwithhim.

•ThisisHenrysolvedtheproblem.

•Hissuggestioniswe（should）finishtheworkatonce.

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•Itlookeditwasgoingtorain.

•Thereasonwedidn'ttrusthimishehasoften

lied.注意：

1.如果句子的主语是suggestion,advice,order,demand,proposal等名词时,后面弓|导的表语从句用should+

动词原形,should可省略。

他的建议是我们应该马上完成工作.Hissuggestionisthatwe(should)finishtheworkatonce.

2.Thereasonisthat....的理由是,...的原因是…

Thereasonhewaslateagainwashewascaughtinthetrafficjam.

ThereasonIhavetogoismymotherisillinbed.

A.why;whyB.why;becauseC.why;thatD.that;because

3.Itisbecause...这是因为…

Exercises:

•Thisisshewasborn.

A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what

•Thequestioniswecan'tgotheretoday.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when

•Thereasonhehasmadesuchgreatprogressishehasneverwastedhistime.

A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.what

•Myadviceisthatheschoolbybike.

A.gotoB.wouldgotoC.goestoD.wentto

•shecouldn?tunderstandwasfewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.

A.What;whyB.That;whatC.What;becauseD.Why;that

•Energyismakesthingswork.

A.whatB.everythingC.somethingD.anything

3.宾语从句：在复合句中作主句的宾语。引导词有连词that,whether,if;who,whom,whose,what,which;

when,where,how,why等。如：

⑴V+宾语从句，即“动宾”：

Webelievethatheishonest./Iaskediftheyhadacheapsuit./Canyoutellmewhichdictionaryishers?/I

reallydon'tknowwhatheisdoing.

•Ijustdon'tunderstandthatpreventssomanyAmericansfrombeingashappyasone

mightexpect.

A.whyitdoesB.whatitdoesC.whatitisD.whyitis

•—Don'tyoubelieveme?

—,Iwillbelieveyousay.

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A.No;whateverB.Yes;nomatterwhatC.No;nomatterwhatD.Yes;whatever

•"Whatdidyourparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?99"TheyalwaysletmedoIthink

Ishould.

A.whenB.thatC.howD.what

⑵prep+宾语从句，即“介宾”:

He'spleasedwithwhatwedidyesterday./Payattentiontowhattheteachersaid.

•Iwishtohaveafriendwithsharesmyhobbiesandinterests.

A.whomeverB.nomatterwhoC.whoeverD.anyone

•Marywroteanarticleontheteamhadfailedtowinthegame.

A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that

•Itwasamatterofwouldtaketheposition.

A.whoB.whoeverC.whomD.whomever

(3)adj+宾语从句,即“形宾”:

I'msurethatmybrotherwilllovethejacket./Iamgladthatyoucancomeandhelpme.

不能误将“It+be+adj+that”的主语从句当成宾语从句.

如：ItisnecessarythatweshouldlearnEnglishwell.

注意：

(1)whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。

①宾语从句是否定句时，只用if,不用whethero

Iwonderifitdoesn,train.

②用if会引起误解，就要用whethero

Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo.(如果把whether改成if,容易当成条件句理解)

③宾语从句中的whether与ornot直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连用，可换成if。

Idon'tknowwhetherornotthereportistrue.

Idon'tknowwhetherthereportistrueornot.

④介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether可与不定式连用，构成whethertodo结构。

whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句，以上均不能换成if。但引星

条件从句日寸，只有花用if,而不育花用whether。

Theydon?tknowwhethertogothere.

Pleasecometoseemeifyouhavetime.

Exercises:

•Iaskedhershehadabike.

•wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.

•We'reworriedaboutheissafe.

•Idon'tknowheiswellornot.

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•Idon'tknowornotheiswell.

•Thequestionisheshoulddoit.

•Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestiontheoldmanwillrecoversoon.

(2)如果宾语从句是由that引导，and或but连接的两个或两个以上的并列的宾语从句，那么只有第一个

that可以省略，第二个或第二个以后的that不能省略.

Hesaid(that)thetextwasverydifficultandthatwehadtoworkhardatit.

Mydeskmatetoldme(that)hewatchedafootballmatchlastnight,butthatitwasverydiscouraging.

如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，就用it作形式宾语，将宾语从句后置，并且that不可以省略.

Hehasmadeitclearthathewillwinthegame.

IfinditnecessarythatweshouldlearnEnglishwell.

WefinditnecessarythatwepracticespokenEnglisheveryday.

(3)表示“建议，命令，要求”的宾语从句，$0advise,suggest,order,request,require,demand等，从句

用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形,should可省略。

(4)在“主语+believe/think/suppose/know/expect”的结构中，其否定形式要用否定转移，即主句否定，从

句肯定。

Idon'tthinkhewillcome.

Idon'tthinkI'lltroubleyouagain.

Idon'texpectthattheywillgetmarriedsoon.

⑸宾语从句的时态呼应：

a.如果主句时态是一般现在时或将来时，从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态.他

相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的.Hebelieves.

b.请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么.Pleasetellme.

b.如果主句谓语是一般过去时，从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态，但如果从句表达的是客观事实、真

理、自然规律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。

他告诉我他正在为考试做准备.Hetoldme.

他说他已离开家乡十年了。Hetoldme.

老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的.Theteachertoldus.

Exercises:

•DoyouseeImean?

A.thatB./C.howD.what

•Tellmeisonyourmind.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.why

•Wemuststicktowehaveagreedon.

A.whatB.thatC./D.how

•Letmesee

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A.thatcanIrepairtheradioB.whetherIcanrepairtheradio

C.IcanrepairtheradioD.whethercanIrepairtheradio

•Keepinmind.

A.thattheteachersaidB.whatdidtheteachersay

C.thatdidtheteachersayD.whattheteachersaid

4.同位语从句：在复合句中起同位语的作用。一般放在名词idea；belief；fact；truth；problem；

news,information;hope;thought;promise等之后，用以说明或解释前面的名词。常用that,whether,who,

whom,when,where,why,how,which等引导（whose和which不弓［导同位语从句）

•Weallknowthetruththeearthgoesroundthesun.

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whether

•Weheardthenewsourteamhadwon.

A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where

•Theproblemitisrightorwronghasnotyetbeendecided.

A.whichB.thatC.whetherD.if

•TheyexpressedthehopetheywouldcomeovertoChina.

A.whichB.thatC.whomD.when

•Thefacthedidn'tseeTomyesterdayistrue.

A.thatB.whichC.whenD.what

注意：

1.名词suggestion,advice,order等词后的同位语从句的谓语动词要用should+动词原形,should可省略。

a.Thesuggestionthatheatthemeetingwasagreedtobymostpeople.

A.wasputforwardB.putforward

C.shouldlookforwardD.lookedforward

b.ThesuggestionthatwetopicniconSundaywasagreedtobymostpeople.

AwentB.wouldgoC.goD.wereallowedtogo

2.同位语从句有时没有紧跟在名词后面，而是被别的词分开，称为隔裂式同位语从句。

HegotthenewsfromMarythatthesportsmeetingwasputoff.

WordcamethatTomwouldgoabroad.

•Thequestioncameupatthemeetingwehadenoughmoneyforourresearch.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whether

•There9safeelinginmewe911neverknowwhataUFOis-----notever.

A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.what

•Itremainsaquestionwecangetsomuchmoneyinsuchashorttime.

A.howB.thatC.whenD.what

•Dandyleftwordwithmysecretaryhewouldcallagainintheafternoon.

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A.whoB.thatC.asD.which

3.如何判断同位语从句和定语从句？

a.定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且在定

语从句中充当一个成分，充当宾语成分时可省略。

b.同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that

在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用，无具体含义,且不可省略.

五.名词性从句的考点归纳：

1.名词性从句的语序：

a.That+陈述句：Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.

—Isawyourneighborbreakyourwindowwithabasketball.

—itmademenearlymad.

A.ThathebrokeB.WhathebrokeC.HebrokeD.Hisbreak

b.疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述语序，不能用一般疑问句语序，即“疑问词+句子的剩余成分”。

Idon'tknowwhenhewillgotoNanjing./Thisiswhatwearelookingfor.

a.Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()

Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()

b.Couldyoutellmewherehelives?()

Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive?()

2.表示“建议，命令，要求”的名词性从句，$D(suggest)suggestion,(advise)advice,order,request,demand

等，要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可省略。

3.that可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中的that可省略

that不可省略的情况：主语从句

表语从句

同位语从句

用it做形式宾语的宾语从句

并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的

引导词that不能省略

•Idon'tthinksheiscoming.

•Itisapityhehasmadesuchamistake.

•Thereasonisheiscareless.

•Thenewsourteamwonthematchinspiredus.

•Idon'tthinkitnecessaryyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.

•Hetoldmehisfatherhaddiedandhehadtomakealivingalone.

4.关于whether与if的使用:

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•Whatthedoctorisuncertainaboutismymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdisease

soon.

A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why

•Elephantshavetheirownwaytotelltheshapeofanobjectanditisroughorsmooth.

A.不填B.whetherC.howD.what

•Thequestionisthefilmisworthseeing.

A.ifB.whatC.whetherD.how

•hisdreamofgoingtocollegewillcometrueisuncertain.

A.ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.Evenif

Exercise:

•我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。

weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided.

•我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。

Idon'tknowbroketheglassyesterday.

•我不知道他长的什么样子。

Ihavenoideahelookslike.

•这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。

ThisisIleftmyglasses.

指出带下划线的从句属于名词性从句中的哪一种？

1.Whathewantsisabook.

2.Itissonicethatwecnnleamthisgrammarpointtogether.

3.TmsogladthatIcanmakefriendswithyou.

4.Thisiswhyhedidit.

5.Doyouagreetothesuggestionthatwe(should)haveatripinTibet?

6.Thathewantsabookiscertain.

7.1suggestedjustnoww」(should)takepartinthiscompetition.

8.Whetheryoulikehimornotdoesn'tmattertoomuch.

9.Hedoesn'tknowwhetheryoucansingitwell.

10.Theproblemiswhetheryoucansingitwell.

1l.Theproblemwhetheritisrightorwronghasnotbeendecided.

12.Pleasetellmewhoyourmonitoris.

判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句？

1.Chinaisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.

2.Thetruththattheearthturnaroundthesunisknowntoall.

3.Itwassnowingwhenhearrivedatthestation.

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4.Howhepersuadedthemanagertochangetheplanisinterestingtousall.

5.Thenewsthattheyhadwonthegamesoonspreadoverthewholeschool.

6.Thenewsthatyoutoldmeyesterdaywasreallydisappointing.

7.ThatiswhereLuXunusedtolive.

8.Hespokeasifheunderstoodwhathewastalkingabout.

9.DoyouremembertheteacherwhotaughtusEnglishatmiddleschool?

10.1wonderwhysherefusedmyinvitation.

相关练习：

1.1havenoideahewillcomeback.

A.whereB.whenC.whatD.that

2.Thenewssurprisedeverybodyyesterdaynowprovestobefalse.

A.thatB.whenC.whatD.how

3.Oneofthemenheldtheviewthebooksaidwasright.

A.whatthatB.thatwhichC.thatwhatD.whichthat

4.WordhascomesomeAmericanguestswillcomeforavisittoourcollegenextweek.

A.whatB.whetherC.thatD.which

5.Theyreceivedorderstheworkbedoneatonce.

A.whichB.whenC./D.that

6.Ican'tunderstandisshewantstochangehermind.

A.What;whyB.Which;howC.That;whyD.What;because

7.1havetheinformation_______.

A.ofwhatheUlcomesoonB.thathe'llcomesoon

C.ofthathe'11comesoonD.hiscomingsoon

8.—CanIhelpyou?

—Yes,doyouknow______?

A.whencomesthebusB.whenwillcomethebus

C.whendoesthebuscomeD.whenthebuscomes

9.Hemadeapromise_______anyonesethimfr