外文翻译中国激光技术发展回顾与展望

China'slasertechnologydevelopmentRetrospectandProspect"Laser"is"LASER"translation.LASERwasoriginallyLightamplificationbystimulatedemissionofradiationfromacombinationoftheprefixspecificterms,inourcountryhasbeentranslatedinto"Laise,""lasinglight,"and"opticalamplifierbystimulatedemission."1964,QianXuesenacademiciansproposalnamed"Laser",reflectsnotonlythe"stimulatedemission,"thescientificconnotation,andthatitisaverystrongsourceofnew,appropriate,vividandconcise,bytheChinesescientificcommunityconsensusandinuseeversince.Fromthe1961Chinafirstlaserthathassuccessfullydevelopedthroughoutthecountry,laserresearch,teaching,productionanduseofunitsunderjointefforts,Chinahasformedacompleterange,theadvancedlevel,theapplicationoflasertechnologytoawiderangeoffields,andmadetheindustrializationofencouragingprogressforChina'sscienceandtechnology,nationaldefenseandnationaleconomyandmadepositivecontributionsintheinternationalarenahasalsogainaplace.China'searlydevelopmentoflasertechnology1957,inChangchunWangShouguan,suchasChina'sfirstprofessionalopticalInstitute-theChineseAcademyofSciences(Changchun)opticalprecisioninstrumentsMachineryResearchInstitute("-raymachine").Intheoldergenerationofexpertsundertheleadershipofanumberofyoungscienceandtechnologyworkerswillgrowrapidly,DengXimingisoneoftheoutstandingrepresentatives.Asearlyasin1958theUnitedStatesphysicistXiaoluo,Townesontheprincipleoflaserfamouspaperpublishedsoon,hewillactivelypromotethisnewtechnologyresearchcarriedoutinashorttimethecombinationoftheinnovativespiritoftheyoungandmiddle-agedresearchteamproposedsubstantialincreasebrightnesslightsource,colorunits,coherenceofideasandexperimentalprogrammes.1960Worldfirstlasercomeout.Summer1961,undertheauspicesofWangJiang,China'sfirstrubylaserdeveloped.Withinashortspaceofafewyears,lasertechnologydevelopedrapidly,andproduceanumberofadvancedachievements.Varioustypesofsolids,gases,chemicalsandsemiconductorlasershavebeensuccessfullydeveloped.Inthebasicresearchandkeytechnologies,aseriesofnewconcepts,newmethodsandnewtechnologies(suchasmutationandcavityQ-to-Q,travelingwaveamplification,Re-usesystem,freeelectronoscillationsradiation,etc.)havebeenputforwardandimplemented,andmanyofthemareunique.Atthesametime,asahigh-brightness,high-directional,high-quality,andotheradvancedfeaturesofthenewlightsource,laserusedinvarioustechnicalfieldsquickly,demonstratingastrongvitalityandcompetitiveness.Communications,inSeptember1964bytelevisionpicturestransmittedlaserdemonstration,inNovember1964toachieve3to30kmcalls.Industries,inMay1965laserdrillingmachinesuccessfullyusedDrawingDieBlankingproduction,acquisitionsignificanteconomicbenefits.Medicine,June1965retinallaserweldingfortheanimalsandconductclinicaltrials.Nationaldefense,inDecember1965successfullydevelopedlaserrangefinderDiffuseReflectance(accuracyof10meters/10km),inApril1966developedremotecontrolpulselaserDopplervelocimeter.Alongwiththetheorystudyofthelaserself-mixinginterferencebecomingmaturerhigherincreasingly,theapplicationinvibration,micro-displacementandvelocitymeasurebasedonthistechnologybecomebroader.Thetechnicrequiresreal-timeacquisitionandprocessingforthelaserinterferometersignal.Thedataacquisitionandprocessingsystemoftraditionalvibrometerisstructuralcomplex,highcostanddifficulttocarry.Withthehighrunningspeedandhigh-precisioncomputing,digitalsignalprocessor(DSP)issuitableforthelaserself-mixinginterferencesignalacquisitionandprocessing.Inthispaper,thetechnologyoflaserself-mixinginterferencemodulatedbytriangularwavecurrentisresearched.ItstudiestheoreticalmodelofthevibrationsystemandusesMatlabforalgorithmssimulationanderroranalysis,alsodiscusseshowtominishtheerror.AdataacquisitionandprocessingsystemwhichadoptsTMS320LF2407ADSPfromTIasacentralprocessorisdesigned.Thedesigningandrealizationplanofsystemforhardwareisproposedindetail,includingDSPminisystem,DSPandADCinterfacecircuit,signalconditioningcircuit,LCDdisplaymoduleandDSPinterfacecircuit,RS232communicationcircuitetc,technologyonhardwaredesigningisalsodiscusssedinthedissertation.Thedesigningandrealizingprocessofsystemforsoftwareisanalyzedasfollowed,whichconsistsofapplicationofCCS,planningofCMDdocument,dataacquisitionandprocessingmodule,LCDdisplaymoduleandserialcommunicationmodulebasedonMatlab.Practiceshowsthatthisdataacquisitionandprocessingsystemcanwithstandstableoperation,satisfythedemandofthehigh-speedalternatinglaserself-mixinginterferencesignalandreconstructsthevibrationwaveformofdetectedobjects.BecauseoftheDSPtechnology,thecostofvibrometergreatlyreducedandsimplifiedstructure,easytocarry.Italsoprovidestheconditionsforthevibrometerwhichisbasedonlaserself-mixinginterferencetosmall,intelligence,andportable.Ithasawideapplicationprospect.Briefintroductionof51MCUDescriptionTheAT89C51isalow-power,high-performanceCMOS8-bitmicrocomputerwith4KbytesofFlashprogrammableanderasablereadonlymemory(PEROM).ThedeviceismanufacturedusingAtmel’shigh-densitynonvolatilememorytechnologyandiscompatiblewiththeindustry-standardMCS-51instructionsetandpinout.Theon-chipFlashallowstheprogrammemorytobereprogrammedin-systemorbyaconventionalnonvolatilememoryprogrammer.Bycombiningaversatile8-bitCPUwithFlashonamonolithicchip,theAtmelAT89C51isapowerfulmicrocomputerwhichprovidesahighly-flexibleandcost-effectivesolutiontomanyembeddedcontrolapplications.FunctioncharacteristicTheAT89C51providesthefollowingstandardfeatures:4KbytesofFlash,128bytesofRAM,32I/Olines,two16-bittimer/counters,afivevectortwo-levelinterruptarchitecture,afullduplexserialport,on-chiposcillatorandclockcircuitry.Inaddition,theAT89C51isdesignedwithstaticlogicforoperationdowntozerofrequencyandsupportstwosoftwareselectablepowersavingmodes.TheIdleModestopstheCPUwhileallowingtheRAM,timer/counters,serialportandinterruptsystemtocontinuefunctioning.ThePower-downModesavestheRAMcontentsbutfreezestheoscillatordisablingallotherchipfunctionsuntilthenexthardwarereset.PinDescriptionVCC：SupplyvoltageGND：GroundPort0：Port0isan8-bitopen-drainbi-directionalI/Oport.Asanoutputport,eachpincansinkeightTTLinputs.When1sarewrittentoport0pins,thepinscanbeusedashighimpedanceinputs.Port0mayalsobeconfiguredtobethemultiplexedloworderaddress/databusduringaccessestoexternalprogramanddatamemory.InthismodeP0hasinternalpullups.Port0alsoreceivesthecodebytesduringFlashprogramming,andoutputsthecodebytesduringprogramverification.Externalpullupsarerequiredduringprogramverification.Port1Port1isan8-bitbi-directionalI/Oportwithinternalpullups.ThePort1outputbufferscansink/sourcefourTTLinputs.When1sarewrittentoPort1pinstheyarepulledhighbytheinternalpullupsandcanbeusedasinputs.Asinputs,Port1pinsthatareexternallybeingpulledlowwillsourcecurrent(IIL)becauseoftheinternalpullups.Port1alsoreceivesthelow-orderaddressbytesduringFlashprogrammingandverification.Port2Port2isan8-bitbi-directionalI/Oportwithinternalpullups.ThePort2outputbufferscansink/sourcefourTTLinputs.When1sarewrittentoPort2pinstheyarepulledhighbytheinternalpullupsandcanbeusedasinputs.Asinputs,Port2pinsthatareexternallybeingpulledlowwillsourcecurrent,becauseoftheinternalpullups.Port2emitsthehigh-orderaddressbyteduringfetchesfromexternalprogrammemoryandduringaccessestoexternaldatamemorythatuse16-bitaddresses.Inthisapplication,itusesstronginternalpullupswhenemitting1s.Duringaccessestoexternaldatamemorythatuse8-bitaddresses,Port2emitsthecontentsoftheP2SpecialFunctionRegister.Port2alsoreceivesthehigh-orderaddressbitsandsomecontrolsignalsduringFlashprogrammingandverification.外文翻译（中文）中国激光技术发展回顾与展望“激光”是“LASER”的翻译。激光最初是光的受激辐射等从组合的前缀具体条款，在我国已被翻译成“莱塞”、“激光灯”和“光学放大受激发射。”1964年，钱学森院士提出了“激光”，不仅反映了“受激发射”的科学的内涵，而且它是一个非常新的来源，适当的，生动性和简洁性，被中国科学界所共识并沿用至今。从1961开始中国第一台激光器研发成功，激光在科研，教学，生产和使用单位的共同努力下，中国已经形成了完整的系列，先进水平，激光技术的应用范围广泛，并取得令人鼓舞的进展，产业化的中国科技，在国防和国民经济做出了积极的贡献，在国际上也占有一席之地。我国早期激光技术的发展1957年，王在长春绶，如中国第一个专业学院-中国科学院（长春）光学仪器精密机械研究。在老一辈专家的带领下，一批青年科技工作者将迅速增长，邓锡铭是其中的杰出代表。早在1958个美国物理学家汤斯小罗，在激光的原理是著名的论文发表后不久，他将积极推动这一新技术的研究进行了一个短的时间相结合的创新精神的中青年研究小组建议大量增加亮度的光源，色彩单位，连贯性的想法和实验节目。1960世界第一激光出来。1961年夏天，汪强的主持下，中国第一台红宝石激光器研制。在短短的几年，激光技术迅速发展，并产生了一批先进成果。各种类型的固体，气体，化学、半导体激光器已研制成功。在基础研究和关键技术，一系列新概念，新方法和新技术（如突变和腔q-to-q，波形放大，再利用系统，自由电子振荡辐射等）已提出和实施，而且很多都是独特的。同时，作为一个高亮度，高品质和其他高级功能的新光源，激光应用在各种技术领域迅速，表现出强大的生命力和竞争力。1964年九月的电视画面传送的激光演示，在1964年十一月达到3至30公里的电话通讯。在1965年可以成功地用于激光钻孔机的落料拉深模具生产，取得显著的经济效益。1965年六月视网膜激光焊接和进行临床试验的动物。在国防方面，于1965年十二月成功开发了激光测距仪的漫反射（精度10米/10公里），1966年四月开发远程控制脉冲激光测速仪。随着激光自混合干涉技术理论研究的日趋成熟，它在振动、微小位移、速度等测量方面日益得到广泛应用该技术要求对激光干涉信号进行实时的采集和处理。。传统测振仪器的数据采集与处理系统结构复杂，成本较高，不易携带。数字信号处理器（数字信号处理器）的运行速度快，运算精度高，适合激光自混合干涉信号的采集与处理本文研究了三角波电流调制型激光自混合干涉技术。。分析了激光自混合干涉测振仪的理论模型中，并用进行了仿真和误差分析，讨论了减小误差的方法。设计了以钛公司TMS320LF2407数字信号处理器为核心的数据采集与处理系统。提出了系统的硬件设计和实现方案，其中包括了数字信号转换器最小系统、与接口电路、信号调理电路、液晶显示模块与数字接口电路、RS232通信电路等。文中还就数字硬件设计方面的注意点进行了简要的探讨。完成了系统软件的设计，包括钛集成开发环境消委会的应用、指令中的文件的编写、数据采集与处理模块、液晶显示模块、基于的串口通