山东省德州市2024年中考英语模拟试卷（含答案）

山东省德州市2024年中考英语模拟试卷阅卷人一、阅读理解（本大题共20小题,共50.0分）得分阅读理解SchoolPolicy•Fighting,sayingbadwordsandallotherbadbehaviorwillnotbeallowed.•Donotthrowrocks,snowballs,sticks,wastepaperordirtontheschoolgrounds.Rollerbladingisnotallowedatschool.•Contactthroughanoteoraphonecallmustbemadetotheschoolifyouareabsentfromschool.•Parentsandvisitorsarerequiredtocheckinattheofficewhenenteringtheschool.LunchroomGuide•Studentsshouldusequietvoicesinthelunchroom.•Studentsshouldgothroughthelunchlineinaquietandorderlymanner.•Studentsshouldcleanuptheireatingareabeforeleavingthelunchroom.MealPricesLunch：＄1.50dailyWeeklyLunchTicket：＄7.50Breakfast：＄0.80WeeklyBreakfastTicket：＄4.00Extra.milk：＄0.45AdultLunch：＄2.501．Thepassageismainlywrittenfor______.A．parents B．students C．visitors D．workers2．Fromthepassageyouknowthatyoushould______atschool.A．throwdirteverywhere B．beabsentfromclassC．speakaloudinthelunchroom D．cleanuptheeatingarea3．Theunderlinedword"Contact"heremeans"______"inChinese.A．联系 B．接触 C．会面 D．交往4．OnMondaystudentLiMeihasbreakfastandlunchatschool,shepays______.A．＄0.80 B．＄1.50 C．＄2.30 D．＄3.005．WhichofthefollowingisWRONGaccordingtothepassage?A．Youcan'tfightorsayanybadwordsatschool.B．Yourparentsshouldcheckinwhentheycometoschool.C．Youshouldwaitinlinewhenyouhavelunchatschool.D．Anadultshouldpayasmuchmoneyasastudentforlunch.阅读理解Whatwouldlifebelikeifyouwerearocker,asoccerplayer,aprofessoratStanfordUniversity,andaNobelPrizewinner?CarolynBertozzifromtheUSlivessuchacoollife!Bertozzi,56,sharesthisyear'sNobelPrizeinchemistrywithcarrySharpless（US）andMortenMeldal（Denmark）.Shebecamethisyear'sonlywomanwinnerinscienceandtheeighthwomantoreceivethechemistryprizeinhistory.Bertozziwontheprizeforstudyingthesugarcoatsofcells（细胞）.Shehasfoundasmartwaytoconnectcellsbyconnectingtheirsugarcoats.Thecellsthenhaveagreencolorsothatscientistscanseeclearlywheretheyareandhowtheymove.Thisfindinghelpsalotinmanyways,suchasdevelopingbettertestsfor,infectiousdiseases（传染病）andnewtreatmentsforcancer.BertozzisaidshewasnotveryinterestedinchemistryuntilhersecondyearatHarvardUniversity."Theprofessorsintentionally（故意地）madetheclassverydifficult,"she,said,"Myclassmatescomplainedalot,butitmatchedmybrain."Besidesdoingsciencestudies,Bertozzihaslivedacolorfullife.Shewasakeyboardet（键盘手）inarockband."Ievenusedtothinkaboutmajoringinmusic,"shesaid.Shealsoplayedsoccer,andwonanathleticscholarship（体育奖学金）fromHarvard.Asafemalescientist,Bertozzitriestopromotegenderequality（性别平等）.SInthelate1980s,maybe10percentofthestudentswerefemale.Thereweremaybeoneortwowomeninalab,sowetriedtosupporteachotherbystartingamonthlyget-togetherforallthewomenstudentsinthedepartment."6．WhydidBertozziwinthisyear'sNobelPrize?A．Becausesheinventedanewtreatmentforcancer.B．BecausesheistheeighthfemaleprofessoratStanfordUniversity.C．Becauseshefoundawaytolinkcellsandmakethemclearertosee.D．Becauseshefoundanewtype-of-cellsWithagreencolor.7．HowmightBertozzidescribeherchemistryclassinhersecondyearatHarvardUniversity?A．Uselessanddifficult. B．Boringandsimple.C．Difficultandboring. D．Interestingandnottoohard.8．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph5?A．Bertozzionicewrotesongsforarockband.B．Bertozzioncestudiedmusicatheruniversity.C．Bertozzilivedacolorfullifeapartfromdoingresearch.D．Bertozziwonmanyscholarshipsbecauseofhertalentinchemistry.9．HowdidBertozzipromotegenderequalityinthe1980%?A．Shesetanawardforwomeninscience.B．Shebuiltanewlabforgirlstodoresearch.C．Sheincreasedthenumberoffemalestudentsby10percent.D．Shehelpedstartamonthlyget-togetherforwomentosupporteachother.10．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．HowBertozziworkedtowinaNobelPrize.B．Whatfemalescientistsaregoodat.C．NobelPrizewinner'slifeexperiences.D．Thedevelopmentofwomen'srights.阅读理解Standinfrontofamirrorandlookatit.Howmuchdoyoureallyknowabouttheper-soninit?It'snotaneasyjobtoknowourselves.Tohelpstudentsdothisimportanttask,schoolsacrossChinaareprovidingmoreclassesandactivitiesonself-knowledge.LiuYue,ateacherfromChengduYucaiMiddleSchool,hasrecentlygivenherstudentsausefultool."It'scalledtheJohariWindow,developedbytwoUSpsychologists,"saidLiu."Ithasfourareasaboutone'sself：openarea（thateveryoneknowsabout）,hiddenarea（thatonlyyouknow）,blindspot（thateveryoneknowsexceptyou）andunknownarea（thatno-bodyknows）.Usingthistool,studentsdidagoodjobseeingthemselvesthroughanewlens（透镜）.""I'mmostcuriousaboutmyblindspot,"saideighth-graderYangManfei."SoIdidasurveywithmyfriends."TheresultsshowedthatYangeasilygetsanxious（焦虑的）andimpatientbecauseofprocrastination（拖延）."That'sabadhabitI'veneverrealized!"Yangsaid."Ifindtheunknownareamostamazing,"saidSunBoyin."Itmeanseveryonehaslotsofpotential（潜力）."WhenSun.enteredmiddleschool,hewasnotgoodatmath."ButIsetagoalanddidlotsofmathexercises."NowI'mmuchbetteratmath.Theunknownpartofmymathabilityisgettingclearer!"Sunsaid.Whenitcametothehiddenarea,moststudentskeptsilent."I'mscaredtoshowmysecretsdeepdown,"saidLiYixuan."ThenoneclassmatestoodupandsaidhisfavoritecartoonisTomandJerry.Ithought：AmIbraveenoughtoshowmychildishhobby?Perhapsnot.Iwantmyclassmatestoseemeasamature（成熟的）person,notasillykid.ButthenIrealizedthatIdon'tfindthatclassmate-silly.Ithinkhehasthecouragetobehim-self.""Showyourselfandmakeyourselfbetter—that'sthebestlessonIlearned."Lisaid.11．IntheJohariWindow,theblindspotisthepartthat______.A．everyoneknows B．onlyyouknowC．everyoneknowsexceptyou D．nobody-knows12．WhichisrightaccordingtotheJohariWindow?A．B．C．D．13．HowdidYangManfeifeelaboutherblindspotbeforedoingthesurvey?A．Shewascurious. B．Shewasanxious.C．Shewasimpatient. D．Shewasamazed.14．Whatshouldpeopledoabouttheirunknownarea,accordingtoSunBoyin?A．Makeeffortsinareastheyarenotgoodat.B．Trysomethingcompletelynew.C．Justgiveupanddon'tdoanything.D．Collectsuggestionsfromothers.15．WhatdidLiYixuanlearnfromthetest?A．Everybodyhasapartthatischildish.B．Youhavetherighttokeepyoursecretshidden.C．Peopleprefertobematureinfrontofothers.D．Showingyourtrueselfhelpsyouimproveyourself.阅读理解HaveyoueverwonderedhowmanyantsthereareonEarth?ScientistsattheUniversityofHongKongcertainlyhave.Inanewstudy,theyestimated（估计）thenumberoftheworld'santsisabout20,000,000,000,000,000（20with15zeroes）!Thatmeansforeveryhuman,therearenearly2.5millionants.Ifyouputalltheantstogether,they'dweighmorethanallthewildbirdsandmammals（哺乳动物）onEarth,andthatistheone-fifthofthehumans.Howdidtheycountsuchabignumber?Inthepast,manyscientistshavecountedantsindifferentareas.Theycollectedfallenleavesandearthanddriedthemtoforcetheantstocomeoutforcounting.AccordingtoWangRunxi,oneoftheauthors,thenumberanddistribution（分布）ofantscanbevaluablepredictors（预测器）ofenvironmentalchanges."Antsplayanimportantroleintheecosystem（生态系统）,"WangtoldScienceandTechnologyDaily."Theyhelpsoftthesoil,spreadseeds,breakdownthingsandformapartofthefoodchain.TheyareeverywhereonEarthexceptforthecoldestplaces.""Comparedwithbiganimals,littleantsaremoresensitive（敏感的）toenvironmentalchanges,"Wangadded.Mostantsliveintropicalandsubtropicalareas（热带和亚热带地区）.Butinrecentyears,antshavebeenmovingtowardthetwopolesbecauseofglobalwarming.Changesinforests,suchastoomuchtree-cutting,alsoaffectthenumberofants,thestudyshowed."Ourglobal（全球的）mapofantsallowsustobetterunderstandandpredictants'responses（反应）toworryingenvironmentalchanges."scientistswroteinthestudy.16．Whatdoesthestudyshowaboutants?A．Antsactuallybelongtomammals.B．Therearemoreantsthanhumans.C．AntsonEarthweighmorethanhumans.D．Therearenearly2.5millionantsonEarth.17．Howdidscientistscountantsindifferentareas?A．Theycountedtheantsrunningontheground.B．Theypickedleavesfrom.treesandcountedantsonthem.C．Theydriedfallenleavesandearthtomakeantscomeout.D．Theymadeafireonthefallenleavestocountthedeadbodies.18．WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A．Whyantsareimportant.B．Howtheecosystemworks.C．Howantsworkinthesoil.D．WhatWangRunxifoundaboutEarth.19．AccordingtoWang,howhasglobalwarmingaffectedantsinrecentyears?A．Manyantshavemovedtowarmplaces.B．Moreantsstarttoliveinforests.C．More'antsaremovingtothetwopoles.D．Thenumberofantsisgoingup.20．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Howheavyantscanbe.B．Whyweshouldprotectants.C．Studiesonwildanimalsintheworld.D．Researchonants'numberandimportance.阅卷人二、补全对话-填空（本大题共1小题,共10.0分）得分补全对话Mostpeoplehaveambitions（雄心）.21．Forexample,astudent'sambitionmightbetopasshisorherexamsandthengetagoodjob.Anathlete'sambitioncouldbetowinanimportantcompetition.22．Notallambitionsareaboutsuccessatwork,however,somepeoplejustwanttobegoodpeople,haveafamilyorhelpothers.23．Hewritessportsreportsforhisclassnewspaper.Helikesmostsports,andswimmingandfootballarehisfavorites.Trudy'sambitionistobeaconcertpianist.24．Itisveryimportanttoher.Harry'sambitionchangeseveryday!Onedayhewantstobeanastronaut.Thenextdayhewantstobeapopsinger.25．Hismotherwouldbehappyifhisambitionwastogetupintimeforschooleveryday!What'syourambition?A.Ben'sambitionistobeasportswriter.B.Butothersdon'thaveanyambitions.C.Sheisveryseriousaboutitandpracticesplayingthepianoeveryday.D.Anambitionissomethingwewanttodo,wanttobeorwanttohave.E.Thenextdayhewantstodrivearacingcar.F.Abusinessman'sambitionisusuallytomakealotofmoney.阅卷人三、任务型阅读-多任务混合（本大题共1小题,共10.0分）得分任务型阅读Wearinglongrobes（长袍）andtallhats,agroupofforeignerswentonstageandperformedPekingOperaandballads（民谣）,aswellasspokeChinese.Youcanseesceneslikethisatthe12th"Chinesebridge"—ChineseProficiency（能力）CompetitionforForeignSecondarySchoolStudents.ThecompetitiontookplaceinZhengzhou,HenanonNovember2.Morethan,120students,representing105countries,gaveChinesespeechesandshowedofftheirtalentinareassuchaskungfu,taichiandcalligraphy（书法）.MackovaVictoria,a15-year-oldgirlfromSlovakia,performedWuqinxiatthecompetition.Sheimitatedthemovementsofatiger,deer,hear,apeandbirdonstage."Itcouldhelpmerelaxmyselfandstayfit.The2,000-year-oldexerciseiscool,butfewpeoplehaveheardofit.Iwantmoreforeignpeopletoappreciateit,aswellasappreciateChineseculture."Raissa,17,fromtheUnionoftheComoros,sangtheChinesesongWishYouSafeandWell."ItisalsomywishforthepeopleofChinaandtheComoros,"saidRaissa.AfterdoctorsontheChinesemedicalteaminAfricacuredhergrandmotherthreeyearsago,shecametoChina."MydreamistostudymedicineinChinasothatIcouldcurepatientsliketheChinesedoctorswhotreatedmygrandmother,"saidRaissa.GermoleIacopofromItaly,whohasstudiedChineseforfouryears,wonasthechampion.Forhim,thecompetitiongavehimachancetocommunicatewithyoungpeopleallaroundtheworld."Weshouldlearntoappreciateeachother'sdifferences,"Germolesaid.26．Whenandwherewasthe12thChineseProficiencyCompetitionforForeignSecondarySchoolStudentsheld?27．WhywasMackovaVictoriainterestedinWuqinxi?28．WhatwasRaissa'sdream?29．TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese.30．Thecompetitionisverymeaningfultoforeignstudents,pleasegiveyourreasons.阅卷人四、选词填空-短文（本大题共2小题,共30.0分）得分选词填空him,one,bridge,safe,with,time,that,when,five,happy,finallyDuringtheSuiDynasty,aterribleflood（洪水）happenedontheXiaoRiveroutsidethecityofZhaozhou.Thefloodbroughtdownalargestonebridge.Peoplehadrebuiltthebridgeseveral31．.Butitwasstillwashedawayoverandoveragain.Afterthe32．timethatthebridgewasdestroyed,LiChunwasinvitedtosolvetheproblem."What'swrongwithit?"LiChunasked33．againandagain.Heworkeddayandnightatthedrawingofthebridgeandfoundout34．thestonesupports（支柱）couldn'tstandtheforceoftheflood.Oneday,anideacameintohismind!Hethoughtofbuildingbow-shapedarches（拱）insteadofstonesupports.Andtherewouldbeonlyonebigarch,supportedateachendbytwosmall35．.36．floodscame,thewaterwouldrunthroughthefoursmallarches,bringinglittleinfluenceonthebridge.Hewasgreatlyexcitedbytheidea,anddanced37．rightathisdesk.AnewZhaozhouBridgewasbuilt.Itwasmuch38．andmorebeautifulthantheoldones.ThelocalpeopleofZhaozhouwereverygladthattheproblemofthestonebridgewas39．workedout.Now,thisgreatstonebridge40．ahistoryofover1,300yearshasbecomeaclassicalexampleofChina'sarchedbridges.ItshowsthewisdomandcreativityoftheChinesepeople.选词填空sell,wait,take,hurt,point,buy,see,stop,notgo,sell,teachItwasnearlynineonacoldwinternight.Ihurriedtogohomefromworkonmymotorbike.Atthelastcrossing,whileI41．forthegreenlight,Isawanoldmanwalkingtowardme.He42．meandIfeltalittlenervous.Theoldmansaidslowly."Excuseme.Couldyoupleasehelpme?"Ilookedathimupanddown.Helookedabout70yearsold.Theoldmantookouta10-yuanbillandsaidtome,"Youseetheoldladyoverthere?She43．baked（烤）sweetpotatoes.Couldyoujusttakethemoneyandbuyonefromher?"He44．atanoldladysellingsomethingaboutfiftymetersa-wayinthecorner."Butwhydon'tyougoandbuyityourself?"Iwaspuzzled（迷惑的）.Theoldmancontinued,"Thatoldladyismywifeandit'sherfirstdaytosellbakedsweetpotatoes.JustnowIcalledher,andshe45．mostofthembynow.Thereisonlyonesweetpotatoleftandshe46．homeuntilallthesweetpotatoesaresoldout.ButIknowshecan'tstandthecoldbecauseherlegs47．.I'mveryworrieda-bouther."Atthattime,Iunderstoodwhytheoldmanaskedme48．hiswife'ssweetpotato.Ifeltreallywarmandmoved.Without49．themoney.Irodetotheoldladyquicklyandboughtthelastone.AsIwavedgoodbyetotheold.man,I50．himstandingtherewithathankfulsmile.阅卷人五、书面表达（本大题共1小题,共20.0分）得分51．2020年初，新冠肺炎疫情严重，学生"停课不停学"，课堂由此变成了线上授课的模式。学校的老师变身主播，开始网上授课和布置"微信作业"。学生要在群里打卡，拍照上传所写的作业和朗读背诵的课文……学生和家长有人支持也有人反对。请你根据下面图表，以"HandinginhomeworkonWechat"为题写一篇80-100字的英语短文（给出的单词不计入总字数）要求：

1.概括调查结果

2.发表自己的观点提示词：friendcircle（朋友圈）,focuson,upload（上传）,compare（提示词仅供参考,不要求全部使用）赞成者反对者自己观点更新潮有趣朋友圈晒作业容易导致同伴压力（peerpressure）……观点老师检查更方便容易借机玩手机，容易上瘾（getaddictedto）……Atthebeginningof2020,allthestudentshadtostayathometohavetheclassesonlinebecauseoftheseriousvirus-NCP.TheteachersaskedthestudentstohandinhomeworkthroughWechat.Thestudentsandtheirparentshavedifferentopinionsaboutit…

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．D3．A4．C5．D【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章大意：本文主要列举了一些学校规定。包括应该禁止的不良行为以及在不同场合、不同情形下应该注意的事项。【点评】阅读理解考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择。做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，以根据文章的事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。1．细节理解题。题干的意思是"这篇文章主要是为写的。"根据表格一"SchoolPolicy"（学校规定）可知，这一部分讲述在是学校的校规，给学生看的。根据"LunchroomGuide"（餐厅指南）可知，这一部分讲述的是学生在食堂中应该怎么做，因此这篇文章是给学生写的。结合选项，A：父母B：学生C：游客D：工人。故选：B。2．细节理解题。题干意思为"从文章中你知道在学校你应该。"，根据"LunchroomGuide"的第三句"Studentsshouldcleanuptheireatingareabeforeleavingthelunchroom."（学生在离开餐厅前应该清理他们的用餐区）可知，在离开餐厅前应该清理用餐区，结合选项，A：到处扔泥土；B：缺课；C：在餐厅里大声说话；D：清理用餐区；故选：D。3．词义猜测题。根据后句"ifyouareabsentfromschool."（如果你不来学校）可知，结合选项，应说如果不能来学校，可以通过和便条或电话联系，所以划线单词表示"联系"，故选:A。4．推理判断题。题干的意思为"在星期一，学生李梅在学校吃早餐和午餐，她支付。"根据"MealPricesLunch＄1.50Breakfast：＄0.80"，可知早餐是0.80美元，午餐是1.50美元，合计2.30美元。结合选项，A：0.80美元B：1.50美元C：2.30美元D：3.00美元故选：C。5．细节理解题。根据表格二"ADULTlunch"，＄2.50可知，成人用午餐2.50美元和其他价格可知成年人的价格和学生的价格儿是不同的。故D表示错误。故选D。【答案】6．C7．D8．C9．D10．C【解析】【分析】本文介绍了2022年诺贝尔化学奖获得者一美国的女科学家CarolynBertozzi取得的成就和她的丰富多彩的生活。【点评】做题时结合原文和题目，有针对性的找出相关的语句，进行仔细分析，结合选项，在抓住关键句子的基础上，合理的分析才能得出。正确的答案。6．细节理解题。根据第三段Bertozziwontheprizeforstudyingthesugarcoatsofcells（细胞）.Shehasfoundasmartwaytoconnectcells。（Bertozzi因研究细胞的糖衣而获奖，他发现了一种通过连接细胞糖衣来连接细胞的聪明方法，然后细胞会变成绿色。这样科学家就可以清楚地看到他们在哪里以及他们是如何移动的）可知CarolynBertozzi获得诺贝尔奖是因为他发现了一种连接细胞的方法，使他们更清楚的被看到。故选C。7．细节理解题。根据第四段BertozzisaidshewasnotveryinterestedinchemistryuntilhersecondyearatHarvardUniversity."Theprofessorsintentionally（故意地）madetheclassverydifficult,"she,said,"Myclassmatescomplainedalot,butitmatchedmybrain."(Bertozzi说，直到她在哈佛大学的第二年，她才对化学很感兴趣。她说："教授们故意把这门课搞的很难，虽然同学们都在抱怨，但我的大脑却很适合这门课"。可知她认为化学不太难，所以。她认为化学很有趣，而且不太难，故选D。8．细节理解题。根据第五段Besidesdoingsciencestudies,Bertozzihaslivedacolorfullife.Shewasakeyboardet（键盘手）inarockband."Ievenusedtothinkaboutmajoringinmusic,"shesaid.Shealsoplayedsoccer,andwonanathleticscholarship（体育奖学金）fromHarvard.（除了做科学研究，Britain的生活儿丰富多彩。他是一个摇滚乐队的键盘手，他说，我甚至想过要主修音乐。他还踢足球，并获得了哈佛大学的体育奖学金。）可知除了研究科学，Bertozzi还有丰富多彩的生活，故选C。9．细节理解题。根据最后一段Thereweremaybeoneortwowomeninalab,sowetriedtosupporteachotherbystartingamonthlyget-togetherforallthewomenstudentsinthedepartment，（一个实验室里可能有一两个女性，所以我们试图通过每月为系里所有女生举办一次聚会。来相互支持，）可知Bertozzi在20世纪80年代，通过帮助发起了每月一次的女性聚会，以互相支持来促进性别平等，故选：D。10．主旨大意题。根据第一段Whatwouldlifebelikeifyouwerearocker,asoccerplayer,aprofessoratStanfordUniversity,andaNobelPrizewinner?CarolynBertozzifromtheUSlivessuchacoollife!，（如果你是摇滚歌手、足球运动员、斯坦福大学教授和诺贝尔奖得主，你的生活会是什么样子？来自美国的CarolynBertozzi过着很酷的生活。及通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了2022年诺贝尔化学奖获得者Bertozzi取得的成就的历程，以及她丰富多彩的生活，）故这篇文章主要讲了诺贝尔奖获得者的生活经历，故选：C。【答案】11．C12．B13．A14．A15．D【解析】【分析】本文介绍了一中学老师引导学生运用心理学理论"乔哈利视窗"，从不同角度了解自己。【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。11．细节理解题。根据第二段中blindspot（thateveryoneknowsexceptyou）盲点（除了你每个人都知道）可知盲点是除了你每个人都知道的区域。故选：C。12．推理判断题。根据第二段Ithasfourareasaboutone'sself：openarea（thateveryoneknowsabout）,hiddenarea（thatonlyyouknow）,blindspot（thateveryoneknowsexceptyou）andunknownarea（thatno-bodyknows）一个人的自我有四个区域：开放区域（每个人都知道）、隐藏区域（只有你知道）、盲点（除了你每个人都知道）和未知区域（没人知道）。选项B符合题干，故选：B。13．细节理解题。根据第三段"I'mmostcuriousaboutmyblindspot,"saideighth-graderYangManfei."，（"我最好奇的是我的盲点，"八年级学生杨曼菲说。），可知杨曼菲对他的盲点是好奇的。故选：A。14．细节推理题.根据"Ifindtheunknownareamostamazing,"saidSunBoyin."Itmeanseveryonehaslotsofpotential（潜力）."WhenSun.enteredmiddleschool,hewasnotgoodatmath."ButIsetagoalanddidlotsofmathexercises."NowI'mmuchbetteratmath.Theunknownpartofmymathabilityisgettingclearer!"Sunsaid.("我发现未知领域最令人惊叹，"孙博引说。这意味着每个人都有很大的潜力。当孙进入中学时，他不擅长数学。"但是我设定了一个目标，做了大量的数学练习。现在我数学好多了，我数学能力未知的部分越来越清晰了！"孙说道。）.结合孙博引的例子可以得出：我们应该在自己不擅长的领域做出努力。故选：A。15．细节理解题。根据最后一段ButthenIrealizedthatIdon'tfindthatclassmate-silly.Ithinkhehasthecouragetobehim-self.""Showyourselfandmakeyourselfbetter—that'sthebestlessonIlearned."Lisaid.（但后来我意识到，我并不觉得那个同学傻，我认为他有勇气做他自己。"展示自己，让自己变得更好，这是我学到的最好的一课。"李说。）可知，李艺轩从测试中学到了"展示自己，让自己变得更好"。故选：D。【答案】16．B17．C18．A19．C20．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了科学家通过预测蚂蚁的数量来预测环境的变化。【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对选择符合原文原意答案，完成后再阅读阅读并检查。16．细节理解题。根据第二段Thatmeansforeveryhuman,therearenearly2.5millionants.（这意味着每个人有近250万只蚂蚁。）可知蚂蚁的数量比人的数量多，故选：B。17．细节理解题.根据第三段Theycollectedfallenleavesandearthanddriedthemtoforcetheantstocomeoutforcounting.他们收集落叶和泥土并干燥，迫使蚂蚁出来并计算它们的数量，故选：C。18．主旨大意题。根据第四段Antsplayanimportantroleintheecosystem（生态系统）,"WangtoldScienceandTechnologyDaily.（蚂蚁在生态系统中发挥了重要作用，王告诉科技日报，）可知此句是第四句的主题句，故选：A。19．细节理解题,根据第四段Butinrecentyears,antshavebeenmovingtowardthetwopolesbecauseofglobalwarming.(但近年来由于全球变暖，蚂蚁一直在向两极移动，)故选：C。20．主旨大意题。根据第五段"Ourglobal（全球的）mapofantsallowsustobetterunderstandandpredictants'responses（反应）toworryingenvironmentalchanges."scientistswroteinthestudy.（我们的全球蚂蚁地图使我们能够更好的了解和预测蚂蚁对令人担忧的环境变化的反应。科学家在研究中写道。）故选：D。【答案】21．D；22．F；23．A；24．C；25．E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了不同的人拥有不同的抱负和志向。【点评】阅读理解考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择。做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，以根据文章的事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。21．根据Mostpeoplehaveambitions（雄心）.可知，此处说的是雄心。选项D"雄心是我们想做的事情，想成为的人或想拥有的东西"符合语境，故选：D。22．根据"Forexample,astudent'sambitionmightbetopasshisorherexamsandthengetagoodjob.Anathlete'sambitioncouldbetowinanimportantcompetition."可知，此处说的是举例说每个职业人的雄心。选项F"商人的志向通常是赚很多钱。"符合语境，故选：F。23．根据"Hewritessportsreportsforhisclassnewspaper.Helikesmostsports,andswimmingandfootballarehisfavorites."可知说的是本身喜欢的事情。选项A"本的志向是成为同为一名体育作家。"符合语境，故选：A。24．根据"Trudy'sambitionistobeaconcertpianist."可知，说的是特鲁迪的雄心是成为一名音乐会钢琴家。选项C"她对此非常认真，每天都练习弹钢琴。"符合语境，故选：C。25．根据"Harry'sambitionchangeseveryday!Onedayhewantstobeanastronaut.Thenextdayhewantstobeapopsinger."可说的是哈里的雄心每天都在变化。选项"第二天他想开一辆赛车，"符合语境，故选：E。【答案】26．ItwasheldinZhengzhou,HenanonNovember2.27．Becauseitcouldhelpherrelaxherselfandstayfit.28．HerdreamwastostudymedicineinChina.29．对他来说，比赛给了他一个与世界各地的年轻人交流的机会。30．ThecompetitioncanhelpforeignstudentsbetterunderstandtheChineselanguageandculture，italsohelpsspreadtheChineselanguageandculture.【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了11月2日在河南郑州举行的第12届汉语桥的参赛情况。【点评】这是个综合性阅读题，题目中有翻译题，也有问答题，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力及知识运用能力。细节理解题，可直接根据文中的细节得出答案。26．细节理解题。根据第二段.ThecompetitiontookplaceinZhengzhou,HenanonNovember2.（比赛将于11月2日在河南郑州举行。）可知，这个比赛将于11月2日在河南郑州举行。故填ItwasheldinZhengzhou，HenanonNovember2.27．细节理解题。根据第四段Itcouldhelpmerelaxmyselfandstayfit.，（它可以帮助我放松自己，保持健康。）可知，她对五禽戏很感兴趣，是因为五禽戏可以帮助它放松自己，保持健康。故填Becauseitcouldhelpherrelaxherselfandstayfit.28．细节理解题。根据第五段MydreamistostudymedicineinChinasothatIcouldcurepatientsliketheChinesedoctorswhotreatedmygrandmother,（我的梦想是在中国学医，这样我就像治疗我祖母的中国医生一样治愈病人。）可知，她的梦想是在中国学医。故填HerdreamwastostudymedicineinChina.29．英译汉题。Forhim对他来说；thecompetition比赛；gavehimachance给他一次机会；tocommunicatewith和交流；youngpeople年轻人；allaroundtheworld世界各地。故填：对他来说，比赛给了他一个与世界各地的年轻人交流的机会。30．观点表达题。比赛可以帮助外国学生更好地了解中国语言和文化，比赛也有助于传播中国语言和中国文化。故填：Thecompetitionisverymeaningfultoforeignstudents,pleasegiveyourreasons.【答案】31．times；32．fifth；33．himself；34．that；35．ones；36．When；37．happily；38．safer；39．finally；40．with【解析】【分析】短文主要介绍了赵州桥建造的过程和意义。

选项意思：

him,one,bridge,safe,with,time,that,when,five,happy,finally

他，一，桥，安全，有，时间，那个，何时，五，快乐，终于【点评】根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺、语法正确、结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。31．句意：人们已经多次重建这座桥。根据Butitwasstillwashedawayoverandoveragain.，可知这座桥一直在重建，很多次，用time，"次数"，several后面加名词复数形式，故填times。32．句意：在大桥第五次被毁后，李春被邀请去解决这个问题。the+形容词+名词单数，five的序数词是fifth。故填fifth。33．句意：李春一次又一次地问自己。askoneself，问自己，固定搭配，主语为李春，故用反身代词himself他自己，故用himself。34．句意：他夜以继日地绘制这座桥的图纸。发现石头支撑物无法承受洪水的力量。that引导的宾语从句，故填that。35．句意：只有一个大拱门，两端由两个小拱门支撑。指代上文提到的拱门，用代词ones，故填ones。36．句意：当洪水来临时，水会流过四个小拱门，对桥梁几乎没有影响。when引导的时间状语从句，表示当……时候，故填When。37．句意：他对这个想法非常兴奋，高兴地在办公桌前跳舞。修饰动词danced，应该用副词，根据greatlyexcited，可知很开心，因此用happy的副词happily，故填happily。38．句意：它比旧的更安全、更漂亮。根据morebeautifulthantheoldones，可知新桥更安全更美丽，and连接的前后一致，这里用比较级形式，safe的比较级是safer。故填safer。39．句意：赵州当地人很高兴，石桥的问题终于解决了。根据ThelocalpeopleofZhaozhouwereveryglad，可知多年以来的桥的问题已经解决了，副词修饰动词work，用finally，"最终、终于"，故填finally。40．句意：如今，这座拥有1300多年历史的石桥已成为中国拱桥的经典典范。根据greatstonebridge和history，可知用with，介词，表示"带有、具有"，表示桥的历史，故填with。【答案】41．waswaiting；42．stopped；43．isselling；44．pointed；45．hassold；46．won'tgo；47．hurt；48．tobuy；49．tak