读后续写专题第1章如何快速读懂原文

读后续写(谋篇布局|抓原文这3处)原文:全部人/物+修饰词+描写占比[读原文:5WP1P2+角色特点+描写占比]第一件事:串联首尾段5W1H+P1P2给定句，定事件走向(1)读首段得知:人物+大致事件(2)读尾段得知:具体事件+态度(列出所有角色)(3)读P1P2给定句得知:故事结局走向2.第二件事:划出关键词(角色特点、关键情节)划出角色相关描写(adj/v/n):用来续写角色，改写关键词划出矛盾/需求，关键情节:用来续写情节，甚至是“升华3.观察各类描写占比，续写比例与其一致(1)看各类描写:续写时尽量占比一致(2)语法句式:尽量保持一致，也可模仿好句占比多的描写:关键所在，决定情节走向[读后续写:谋篇布局|如何不离题]续写主要考查内容、语言表达和篇章结构三方面:内容:丰富、合理、有逻辑,完整,与原文情境融洽度高。(读懂,贴原文写)语言:词汇和语法结构多样、恰当，错误很少，不影响理解。(原文基调，词汇句式风格,描写占比，续写一致)结构:段落间、句间衔接有效，连贯。(连接词/句首句中隔断词)[读后续写:谋篇布局|如何不离题]划重点三方面(内容、语言、结构):1、与原文融洽度高:读懂;贴原文写词汇语法多样:跟原文风格，描写占比，一致3、连贯:连接词续写融洽度[2021全国1卷](原文早餐分为Frenchtoast吐司和porridge粥)原文:“TheyplannedtomakeFrenchtoastandchickenporridge.”习作:"breakfast"“porridge"“pizza”(与原文融洽度太差不太贴合)范文:Asthetuinslookedaroundthemindisappointment,their.fatherappeared...andFatherhadmadesomeeggsandwichesandcookedsomeoatporridge.Thenhesneakedbacktobed.Meanwhile,thetwinspreparedthebreakfasttray,addedacardtheyhadmadeandwalkedoutofthekitchen.（与原文融洽度贴合）[读后续写:抓主旨|如何不离题]读原文:5WP1P2+角色特点+分析描写占比读原文时，做3件事:首尾段5W1H+P1P2给定句，定故事走向;首段得知:人物+大致事件尾段(重要)得知:具体事件+态度P1P2首句(重要)得知:故事结局走向串联:who/when/where/why/what/how;最重要:列出所有角色，可续写不同角色的反应、互动首尾段5W1H+P1P2给定句]用来:●“who”:同一时间，各个角色的反应、互动●“what":延续事件、动作链Thetwinscarriedthebreakfastupstairsandwoketheirmotherup.Theyhuggedherandyelled‘HappyMother'sDay,darlingMummy!'Motherhuggedthetwins.Hereyeswidenedatthesightofthebreakfasttray.SheshookFatherwhowaspretendingtosnore.Hefeignedastonishmentwhenhesawthebreakfast.Motherbitintoasandwichandsaiditwasthebestshehadevertasted.Jeffimmediatelywantedtohaveabite.Jennacaughtherfather'seyeandtheywinkedateachothersecretly.(“twins”双胞胎分开，各自的反应)划关键词:角色特点(adj/v/n)+关键情节;词:画出角色相关的描写，突出特点，性格决定命运/情节用来:续写描写角色，或用其替换词;(融洽,不离题)(2)句子:矛盾/问题/需求，决定故事走向的关键情节用来:加入情节设计，解决问题/需求(甚至用于“升华”)[2021全国1卷:cleanthekitchen,cookbreakfast][金太阳联考uglyman:“funny"“terrible"“relieved"“truth"->HE]AMOTHER’SDAYSURORISE(黄色用来写细节蓝色用来写心理/修饰动作)ThetwinswerefilledwithexcitementastheythoughtofthesurprisetheywereplanningforMother'sDay.HowpleasedandproudMotherwouldbewhentheybroughtherbreakfastinbed.TheyplannedtomakeFrenchtoastandchickenporridge.Theyhadwatchedtheirmotherinthekitchen.Therewasnothingtoit.JennaandJeffknewexactlywhattodo.Thebigdaycameatlast.Thealarmrangat6a.m.Thepairwentdownthestairsquietlytothekitchen.Theydecidedtoboiltheporridgefirst.TheyputsomericeintoapotofwaterandleftittoboilwhiletheymadetheFrenchtoast.Jeffbroketwoeggsintoaplateandaddedinsomemilk.Jennafoundthebreadandputtwoslicesintotheeggmixture.Next,Jeffturnedonthesecondstoveburnertoheatupthefryingpan.EverythingwasgoingsmoothlyuntilJeffstartedfryingthebread.Thepanwastoohotandthebreadturnedblackwithinseconds.Jennathrewtheburntpieceintothesinkandputintheothersliceofbread.Thistime,sheturneddownthefiresoitcookednicely.ThenJeffnoticedsteamshootingoutofthepotandthelidstartingtoshake.Thenextminute,theporridgeboiledoverandputoutthefire.Jennapanicked.Thankfully,Jeffstayedcalmandturnedoffthegasquickly.Butthestovewasamessnow.JennatoldJefftocleanitupsotheycouldcontinuetocooktherestoftheporridge.ButJeff'shandtouchedthehotburnerandhegaveacryofpain.Jennamadehimputhishandincoldwater.Thenshecaughtthesmellofburning.Ohdear!Thepieceofbreadinthepanhadturnedblackaswell.[画关键词:角色特点(adj/v/n)+关键情节]用来:原文:Butthestovewasamessnow.cleanitup(直接加入情节)cooktherestoftheporridge;breadturnedblack;toast;porridge(用同义替换)excitement;pleasedandproudMother;panicked;calm(延续情绪基调)范文Asthetwinslookedaroundthemindisappointment,theirfatherappeared.Onelookandheknewwhattheywereupto.Seeingtheircrestfallenfaces,hetoldthemtocleanupthekitchenwhilehehelpedthemmakebreakfastforMother.Thetwinscheeredupanddidastold.Withinanhour,thekitchenwascleaned,andFatherhadmadesomeeggsandwichesandcookedsomeoatporridge.Thenhesneakedbacktobed.Meanwhile,thetwinspreparedthebreakfasttray,addedacardtheyhadmadeandwalkedoutof'thekitchen.Thetwinscarriedthebreakfastupstairsandwoketheirmotherир.TheyhuggedherandyelledHappyMother'sDay,darlingMummy!'Motherhuggedthetwins.Hereyeswidenedatthesightofthebreakfasttray.SheshookFatherwhowaspretendingtosnore.Hefeignedastonishmentwhenhesawthebreakfast.Motherbitintoasandwichandsaiditwasthebestshehadevertasted.Jeffimmediatelywantedtohaveabite.Jennacaughtherfather'seyeandtheywinkedateachothersecretly.举例Samisabravepolicemanwhooftencomesacrossdangeroussituations.However,whenhewasyoung,heexperiencedafunnystoryduringhiswork.Thatwasaniceday,andSamworkedatthepolicestationasusual.Arichandbeautifulwomancaryingapursedrovetowork.Sheparkedhercarinthestreetoutsideheroffice.Whenshefinishedherworkthatafternoon,shegotintohercarquicklyandstarteddrivinghomeasusual.Suddenly,shenoticedayellowcaratherback,whosedriverwasamanwithaveryuglylook.Tohersurprise,whensheturnedleft,theyellowcaralsoturnedleft.Whensheturnedright,theyellowcarturnedright,too.Whenshestoppedatthetrafficlights,theyellowcarstoppedbehindher.举例Gradually,fearcameintoherheart.Whatshouldshedo?Howcouldshegeiridofthisterribleman?Todealwiththissituation,shedecidedtodrivequicklytothepolicestationwhereSamworked.However,shewasevenmoresurprisedwhenshesawthecarstillfollowedherandstoppedbehindher.Howdarehefollowmehere?Shesaidtoherself.Shecouldfeelherheartbeatingfasterthanever.Atthattime,Samwasstandingondutyoutsidethepolicestation.SeeingSamwearingapoliceuniform,shewasmorethandelightedthatshewouldbesafe.Atonce,shejumpedoutofhercarandrantoSamwithoutanydelay.Pointingatthemaninsidethecar,shesaidabadmanwasfollowingherandaskedSamtoarresthim.Tofindwhatwashappening,Samwalkedtowardsthemanwhohadstoppedhiscarnearthewoman's.ButwhatshockedSamwasthatthemandidn'ttrytoescapewhenhesawhim.Instead,themanlookedrelieved.Secondslater,themanwalkedtowardsthewomanandSam.归纳升华：don’tjudgeabookbyitscoverP1:Themanjustsmiledandstartedtotellthetruth.P2:Then,Samwaslostinthoughtandbegantotalkwiththewoman.观察各类描写占比，续写比例与其一致(1)各类描写:续写与原文占比一致(2)语法句式:保持一致，也可模仿好句(3)占比多的描写:关键所在，决定情节设计举例MamaandIspendmorningscleaningupthedirtthatblowsintocurhouse.Mamasaysallthedustisduetothedrought.Thedirtsiftsinto(渗进)everything.Itcoversourclothes.Wehavetowashthedishesbeforeeachmeal.WerarelydrivethetruckbecausePapafearsthedustfromtheroadwillruinthemotor.观察各类描写占比:续写尽量保持一致Whenmysister,Faye,andIwalktoschool,wewearkerchiefs(7TJ)overourmouthssowedon'tbreatheinthedirt.Ondayswhentheairissobadthattheyclosetheschool,westayhomeandhelpMamaputwetsheetsoverthewindows.Butthedirtalwaysfindsawayin.各类描写:环境/动作心理LastSunday,therewasnodirtintheair,onlybrightspringsunshineandaclearbluesky.Afterlunch,Papaheadedouttothefieldtocheckonthecattle(#)whileIplayedwithFayeintheyard.Thetemperaturesuddenlydropped.Ilookedtothewestandsawahugeblackcloudofsand.Allthebirdsflewaway.沙尘暴来临，爸爸在外。P1:ImustwarnPapa,Ithoughttomyself.Р2:Suddenly,Papa'sfaceappearedatthewindow.范文ImustwarnРара,"Ithoughttomyself.Iheadedofftothefield,butthestormhitsofast,andinaninstantthedayturnedintonight.BythetimeIenteredthecowfield,thefinesandwaswhippingacrossmyface.IscreamedforPapa,hopingmyvoicewouldleadhimback.Thedirtandsandstung(刺痛)myskinlikeathousandbees.AlthoughIwasterrified,Irefusedtoturnback.Mydadwastrappedandneededmyhelp.Coveringmyfacewithonehand,Igroped(摸索)mywaytowardthetruckandopenedthedoor.Itriedturningthetruck'slightsonandoff,hopingthatPapawouldseethemflashing.环境/动作/心理:交错Suddenly,Papa'sfaceappearedatthewindow.Myheartleapedwithsurpriseandrelief.Hеopenedthedoorandclimbedontotheseatnexttome.Hethenpulledmeintohisarmsandsaid,Oh,Iris,yousavedme!"Finally,thewindsubsided(4É)andthedustbegantosettle.Dirtwaspileduptothewindowononesideofthetruckandhalfwayupthedoorontheother.Papakickedagainstthedoor,openingitfarenoughtoletusout.Sandandsoildriftswereeverywhere,butweweresafe.环境/动作/心理:交错举例Samisabravepolicemanwhooftencomesacrossdangeroussituations.However,whenhewasyoung,heexperiencedafunnystoryduringhiswork.Thatwasaniceday,andSamworkedatthepolicestationasusual.Arichandbeautifulwomancaryingapursedrovetowork.Sheparkedhercarinthestreetoutsideheroffice.Whenshefinishedherworkthatafternoon,shegotintohercarquicklyandstarteddrivinghomeasusual.Suddenly,shenoticedayellowcaratherback,whosedriverwasamanwithаveryuglylook.Tohersurprise,whensheturnedleft,theyellowcaralsoturnedleft.Whensheturnedright,theyellowcarturnedright,too.Whenshestoppedatthetrafficlights,theyellowcarstoppedbehindher.观察高频语法句式:续写尽量保持一致Gradually,fearcameintoherheart.Whatshouldshedo?Howcouldshegetridofthisterribleman?Todealwiththissituation,shedecidedtodrivequicklytothepolicestationwhereSamworked.However,shewasevenmoresurprisedwhenshesawthecarstillfollowedherandstoppedbehindher."Howdarehefollowmehere?"shesaidtoherself.Shecouldfeelherheartbeatingfasterthanever.Atthattime,Samwasstandingondutyoutsidethepolicestation.SeeingSamwearingapoliceuniform,shewasmorethandelightedthatshewouldbesafe.Atonce,shejumpedoutofhercarandrantoSamwithoutanydelay.Pointingatthemaninsidethecar,shesaidabadmanwasfollowingherandaskedSamtoarresthim.Tofindwhatwashappening,Samwalkedtowardsthemanwhohadstoppedhiscarnearthewoman's.观察高频语法句式:续写尽量保持--致ButwhatshockedSamwasthatthemandidn'ttrytoescapewhenhesawhim.Instead,,themanlookedrelieved.Secondslater,themanwalkedtowardsthewomanandSam.从句、非谓语:原文高频语法句式:续写尽量保持一致..whooftencomesacrossdangerou....whohadstoppedhiscarnear.....whosedriverwasamanwithaveryuglylook/..whereSamworked...Todealwiththissituation,../Tofindwhatwashappening...SeeingSamwearingapoliceuniform.../Pointingatthemaninsidethecar...when引导的时间状语从句:whenhewasyoung.../Whenshefinishedherworkthatafternoon,..when..sheturnedlft,/.Whensheturnedrg...吕吕Whenshestoppedatthetrafficlights.../..whenshesawthecarstill.../..whenhesawhim情绪名词，做主语:..fearcameintoherheart内心活动，反问:Whatshouldshedo?/Howcouldshe...?“Howdarehefollowmehere?"shesaidtoherself.副词/介词短语，做句首:Suddenly../Tohersurprie../Instead.../Secondslater从句、非谓语:..whooftencomesacross.;when引导的从句:whenhewasyoung...情绪名词,做主语:..farcameintoherheart/内心活动:Whatshouldshedo?副词/介词短语做,句首:Suddenly../Tohersurprise...原文高频语法句式:续写尽量保持一致Themanjustsmiledandstartedtotellthetruth.Actually,heintendedtoreturnherpurse.Surprisingly,thestorywentinthisway.Whenthemanparkedhiscar,hewasattractedbyasnapofapursefallingtogroundfromalady'sbag,whoseownerfailedtonoticeitatall.Beforehecouldmanagedtoremindher,shepulledhercarawaystraightforward.Withoutdelay,hebegantochaseher.Fortunately,shestoppedsomehowatlast.Afterrecallingwhathadhappenedindeed,heaskedSamtocheckthemoneyinthepursewhich,asexpected,wasexactlytherightamount!Then,Samwaslostinthoughtandbegantotalkwiththewoman.Madam,itisincorrecttojudgeonebytheappearance"hesaidseriously.Shameflushedherface.Howcouldshemisunderstandаmanwithаheartofgold?Sincerely,sheapologizedtothemanandaskedwhethershecouldofferhimarewardforhiskindness.No,ma'am,"hesmiled,mygrandmasaysаgooddeedisitsownreward."Interestingly,theman'sreplystilllingeredinSam'smindevennow.举例JohnBlanchardstoodup,straightenedhisarmyuniform(#$JE),andstudiedthecrowdmakingtheirwaythroughthestation.Helookedforthegirlwhoseheartheknew,butwhosefacehehadneverseen,thegirlwitharose.Hisinterestinherbeganthirteenmonthsagoinalibrary.Takingabookofftheshelf,hefoundhimselffascinated,notwiththewordsofthebook,butwiththenotespenciledinthemargin.Thesofthandwritingshowedathoughtfulsoulandbrilliantmind.Inthefrontofthebook,hediscoveredtheowner'sname,MissHollisMaynell.Withtimeandefforthefoundheraddress.ShelivedinNewYorkCity.Hewroteheraletterintroducinghimselfandinvitinghertocorrespond.Thenextdayhewasshippedoverseasformilitaryservice.Duringthenextyearandonemonth,thetwobeguntoknoweachotherbymail.Eachletterwasaseedfallingonbothhearts.Aromancewasbudding.Blanchardaskedforaphotograph,butsherefused.Shefeltthatifhereallycared,itwouldn'tmatterwhatshelookedlike.WhenthedayfinallycameforhimtoreturnfromEurope,theyscheduledtheirfirstmeeting7pmattheGrandCentralStationinNewYork.You'llrecognizeme,"shewrote.BytheredroseI'llwearmydress."Soat7:00hewasinthestationlookingforagirlwhoseheartheloved,butwhosefacehe'dneverseen.Ayoungladywascomingtowardhim.Herfigurewaslongandslim;herblondehairlaybackfromherears;hereyeswereblueasflowers;herlipsandchinhadagentlefirmness,andinherpalegreensuitshewaslikespringtimecomingalive.Hewenttowardher,entirelyforgettingtonoticethatshewasnotwearingarose.Ashemoved,amiddle-agedwomanwhispered,Goingmyway,Sir?"JohnBlanchardstoodup,straightenedhisarmyuniform(制服),andstudiedthellcrowdmakingtheirwaythroughthestation.Helookedforthegirlwhoseheartheknew,butwhosefacehehadneverseen,thegirlwitharose.Hisinterestinherbeganthirteenmonthsagoinalibrary.Takingabookofftheshelf,hefoundhimselffascinated,notwiththewordsofthebook,butwiththenotespenciledinthemargin(页边的空白).Thesofthandwritingshowedathoughtfulsoulandbrilliantmind.Inthefrontofthebook,hediscoveredtheowner'sname,MissHollisMaynell.Withtimeandefforthefoundheraddress.ShelivedinNewYorkCity.Hewroteheraletterintroducinghimselfandinvitinghertocorrespond(通信).Thenextdayhewasshippedoverseasformilitaryservice.Duringthenextyearandonemonth,thetwobeguntoknoweachotherbymail..Eachletterwasaseedfallingonbothhearts.Aromancewasbudding.Blanchardaskedforaphotograph,butsherefused.Shefeltthatifhereall