人教版九年级全一册英语Unit 1 How can we become good learners？（单元知识清单）

Unit1Howcanwebecomegoodlearners?重要知识点清单一、单元重点词汇byaskingtheteacherforhelp(P.1)【知识详解】asksb.forhelp意为“向某人求助”，askforhelp意为“求援、请求帮助”。Oneofthebestwayistoaskthepoliceforhelp.【拓展】ask的其它用法：asksb.(not)todosth.“要求某人（不要）做某事”。Whydidyouaskustowaitforhim?askaboutsth./sb.“询问有关某物/某人的情况”CanIaskabouttheresultofthematch?Whataboutreadingaloudtopracticepronunciation?(P.2)【知识详解】aloud用作副词，表示“大声地、出声地”，常与call,shout,cry,read等连用；loudly意为“喧闹地、大声地”，常与knock,ring连用。Pleasereadthetextaloud.Suddenlythebellonthewallrangloudly.(2)句中的topracticepronunciation是动词不定式结构，在句中作目的状语，可位于句首或者句尾。Tocatchthebus,hegotupearly.MyparentscametoNewYorktoseemelastmonth.practice用作及物动词，表示“练习”，后接名词、代词或者动名词作宾语。TheypracticedspeakingEnglisheverymorning.It’stoohardtounderstandspokenEnglish.(P.2)【知识点详解】(1)“It+be+形容词+动词不定式”意为“做某事是……”，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。It’sboringtoreadsuchbooks.It’simportanttogotobedearlyandgetupearly.知识拓展：spokenEnglish意为“英语口语”，spoken在句中作定语，修饰English。MyspokenEnglishisnotverygood.Justreadquicklytogetthemainideaatfirst.(P.2)【知识点详解】atfirst意为“首先、起初”，在句中作状语，反义词是atlast“最后”。Atfirstweusedtools.Laterwehadmachines.【拓展】atfirst相当于atthebeginning，强调事情发生的先后顺序；firstofall相当于first，表示一系列动作的开始，后面往往接then等词。AtfirstIdon’twanttogo,butIsoonchangedmymind.Firstofall,openthewindows,thenturnoffthegas,andifnecessary,cananambulance.Trytoguessaword’smeaningbyreadingthesentencesbeforeandafterit.(P.2)【知识点详解】trytodosth.“尽力做某事”；trydoingsth.“尝试做某事”。Thedoctortriestosavethesickgirl.Theboytriedplayingthepiano.【拓展】try也可以用作名词，表示“尝试”，haveatry表示“尝试一下”。I’mgoingtohaveatry.Well,bepatient.(P.2)【知识点详解】patient此处用作形容词，表示“有耐心的”，常用的句型为：Youshouldlearntobepatient.Ourteacherispatientwithus.Themoreyouread,thefasteryou’llbe.(P.2)【知识点详解】“the+比较级，the+比较级”意为“越……，越……”。Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbe.WhydidWeiFenfinditdifficulttolearnEnglish?(P.3)【知识点详解】有些动词后面接复合宾语时，常用it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语则由动词不定式来担当，并位于宾语补足语之后。常见的这样的动词有find，think，feel，make等。Ifinditinterestingtoplaycomputergames我发现玩电脑游戏很有趣。Weallthinkitverydifficulttofinishtheworkinanhour.Whatisthesecrettolanguagelearning?(P.3)【知识点详解】thesecretto...意为“……的秘诀”，其中to为介词，表示“……的”。类似的名词还有key，answer,solution，ticket。Carefulplanningisthesecrettosuccess.TheteacherspokesoquicklythatIdidnotunderstandhermostofthetime.(P.3)【知识点详解】so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，用来引导结果状语从句，so是副词，后面接形容词或者副词。Ourschoolissobeautifulthateveryonelikesit.Herunssofastthatnoonecancatchupwithhim.【拓展】such...that...引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以致于……”，such后面接名词短语，名词前经常跟有形容词进行修饰。Heissuchasmartboythatwealllikehim.Theyaresuchexperiencedworkersthattheywillsolvetheproblemsoon.Iwasafraidtoaskquestionsbecauseofmypoorpronunciation.【知识点详解】(1)beafraidtodosth.意为“胆小不敢做某事”。Hewasafraidtogooutatnight.【拓展】1.beafraidof意为“害怕、不敢”，后接名词、代词或者动名词。Sheisafraidofsnakes.Iwasafraidofgoingthroughthewoods.2.beafraidthat...意为“担心、害怕”。Hewasafraidthathewouldlose.3.I’mafraid表示“恐怕”。-Canwegothereontime?-Iamafraidnot(2)becauseof意为“因为、由于”，后接名词、代词或者动名词，because是连词，引导原因状语从句，后接一个句子。Heislateforschoolbecauseofthebadweather.=Heislateforschoolbecausetheweatherisbad.So,IbegantowatchotherEnglishmovies,too.(P.3)【知识点详解】other,theother,another,others和theothers辨析other:意为“别的、其它的”，常用来修饰可数名词。theother:表示“两者中另一个”，是特指；theother之后也可以加复数名词，特指“其它的”。another:表示“三者中另一个”。others:用作代词，泛指“其他的人或物”是复数概念。theothers:特指在一个整体中的“其余的人或物（全部）”。WestudyChinese,English,Mathandothersubjects.Therearethreepeopleintheroom.Oneisagirlandtheothertwoareboys.Youshouldthinkofothers.Therearefifty-fivestudentsinourclass.Thirtyofusaregirlsandtheothersareboys.AlthoughIcouldnotunderstandeverythingthecharacterssaid,theirbodylanguagesandtheexpressionsontheirfaceshelpedmetogetthemeaning.(P.3)【知识点详解】(1)although用作连词，表示“虽然、即使”，相当于though，用来引导让步状语从句。在英语中，although/though和but不能同时出现。Althoughitrainedheavily,theboysplayedoutside.=Itrainedheavily,buttheboysplayedoutside.(2)helpsb.(to)dosth.“帮助某人做某事”相当于helpsb.withsth.“帮助某人某事”。Canyouhelpmewithmyhomework?Heoftenhelpshismothercleandohousework.MypronunciationimprovedaswellbylisteningtotheconversationinEnglishmovies.(P.3)【知识点详解】also,too,aswell与either都可以表示“也”，但是用法不同。also放在句中行为动词前，be动词、助动词和情态动词之后。Healsowantstogo.too用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面用逗号隔开。Hewantstogo,either.aswell用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面不用逗号隔开。Hewantstogoaswell.either用于否定句句末。Hedoesn’twanttogoeitherIdon’tknowhowtoincreasemyreadingspeed.(P.5)【知识点详解】(1)howtoincreasemyreadingspeed是“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构，不定式经常和特殊疑问词连用，在句中作主语、宾语和表语。Whentostartisnotdecidedyet.Idon’tknowwhattodonext.Thequestioniswhentobeginthework.increase此处用作及物动词，也可以用作不及物动词，表示“增加、增长”。Thepriceofpetrolincreasesagain.常用词组：（1）increaseby增加了，按...增长（2）increasein(使)在...增长；(使)在...增加（3）increaseto增加到（4）increasewith随...增长；随...而增加speed此处用作名词，表示“速度”，常用的结构有：atahigh/lowspeed“以高/低速”；ataspeedof“以……速度”。Thecarisrunningataspeedof120kilometersanhour.常用词组：（1）speedup加速；使加速（2）atthespeedof以……速度；（3）athighspeed以高 （4）withallspeed以全速Hecan’tgetthepronunciationright.(P.5)【知识点详解】get...right意为“使……正确、纠正”，“get+宾语+宾语补足语”表示“使……处于某种状态”。Theworkgetseveryonetired.Canyougetthecarstarted?Idon’thaveapartnertopracticeEnglishwith.(P.5)【知识点详解】此句中的动词不定式作定语，动词不定式作定语时，放在被修饰词后面。当作定语的不定式和被修饰词构成动宾关系时，而且动词又是不及物动词时，其后应该加上适当的介词。Ihavealettertowrite.Theyarelookingforahoteltolivein.Everyoneisbornwiththeabilitytolearn.(P.6)【知识点详解】bebornwith意为“天生具有”，常指与生俱来的天分、性格或者疾病，born也可以用作形容词，表示“天生的”。Shewasbornwithagiftformusic.Heisabornpoet.theabilitytodosth表示“做某事的能力”，常用的结构为：havetheabilitytodosth.“有能力做某事”。HehastheabilitytospeakEnglishfluently.Butwhetherornotyoucandothiswelldependsonyourlearninghabits.(P.6)【知识点详解】whetherornot是英语中的一个连词结构，相当于whether，意为“是否”，常用在主语从句和宾语从句中，whetherornot也可以写成whether...ornot，ornot也可以放在句末。Idon'tknowwhetherornotIshouldbelievehim.=Idon’tknowwhetherIshouldbelievehimornot.(2)dependon/upon意为“取决于……；由……决定；依靠”Youcanacceptorrefusethegift.Itdependsonyourpersonalchoice.Weshouldn’talwaysdependonourparents.Studiesshowthatifyouareinterestedinsomething,yourbrainismoreactiveanditisalsoeasierforyoutopayattentiontoitforalongtime.(P.6)【知识点详解】beinterestedin表示“对……感兴趣”，相当于take/haveaninterestin。AreyouinterestedinlearningEnglish?active用作形容词，表示“活跃的、积极的”，常用的短语为：takeanactivepartin“积极参加”。Youshouldbecomeanactivelearner.Encouragestudentstotakeactivepartindiscussion.payattentionto意为“注意、留意”，后接名词、代词或者动名词做宾语。Youshouldpayattentiontoyourspelling.Goodlearnersoftenconnectwhattheyneedtolearnwithsomethinginteresting.(P.6)【知识点详解】connect这里作及物动词，意为“连接”，connect...with/to...意为“与……连接”。Firstofall,connecttheprintertothecomputer.IfyouconnectAtoB,youcangetastraightline.Evenifyoulearnsomethingwell,youwillforgetitunlessyouuseit.(P.6)【知识点详解】evenif意为“虽然、即使”，引导让步状语从句，相当于eventhough。Evenifyouworktillmidnight,youwon’tfinishit.(2)unless引导条件状语从句，表示“除非、如果不”，相当于ifnot。如果主句为一般将来时、主句为祈使句或者含有情态动词时，unless引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。Unlessyourworkhard,youwon'tgetgoodgrades.Youwillmisstheearlybusunlessyouhurryup.Theyalsolookforwaystoreceivewhattheyhavelearned.(P.6)【知识点详解】lookfor,find和findout辨析find意为“找到”，强调寻找的结果；lookfor意为“寻找”，强调寻找的过程；findout意为“查明”，多指通过调查、询问、研究之后“搞清楚、弄明白”之意，通常含有通过困难曲折之意，多指找出较难找到的、无形的、抽象的东西。Ilookedforiteverywhere,butIcouldnotfindit.Pleasefindoutwhenthetrainleaves.Remembertotakenotesinclassandreviewthemonyourownorwithfriendsafterclass.(P.6)【知识点详解】=1\*GB3①remembertodosth.“记得要去做某事”，强调动作还没有发生。Remembertoclosethedoorwhenyouleave.=2\*GB3②rememberdoingsth.“记得做过某事”，强调动作已经发生。Irememberedmeetinghimbefore.butIwasnotsurewhereitis.Trytostudyandrememberinformationbitbybitinsteadofwaitinguntilthelastminutetostudyeverythingatonce.(P.8)【知识点详解】try的用法try短语try短语try

to

do

sth.

努力做某事，侧重尽力做try

on

试穿

try

doing

sth.

试图做某事，侧重尝试做try

one’s

best

to

do

sth.=

do

one’s

best

to

do

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尽某人最大努力做某事instead作副词，表示“而不是、代替”，常放在句尾，当后面需要接宾语时，用insteadof。Jimdidn’tgototheparkwithhisclassmates.Hestayedintheclassroominstead.=Jimstayedintheclassroominsteadofgoingtotheparkwithhisclassmates.二、单元语法讲解介词by的用法归纳1.“by+doing形式”表示方式、方法语法结构by+doing形式，“通过做...的方式”IlearnEnglishbylisteningtotapes.提问方式Howdoyou...？或HowcanI...?这类句型—HowcanIturnonthelight?—Byturningthisbutton.2.拓展：介词by的其他用法：①by+交通工具，“乘/坐...”byplane乘坐飞机②by+地点，“在...的旁边；靠近...”bytheriver在河边③by+时间，“截止到...；不迟于...”bynineo'clock在九点钟之前3.by的常见短语bytheway顺便问一下byaccident=bychance偶然地bymistake错误地onebyone一个接一个stepbystep一步一步地bythetime到…为止byoneself独自地bytheendof到…末尾byhand用手辨析by、with、in、throughby:侧重“用”某种手段、交通工具、传递方式或媒介等;Hetriestomakemoneybysellingfruit.with:侧重“用”有形工具、材料、内容等;Tombrokethewindowwithastone.in:侧重“用”语言、语调、笔墨、颜色等;PleaseanswerthequestioninEnglish.through:“through+名词”侧重表示凭借某种方式，多强调作用和原因;Shebecamerichthroughherhardworkandspecialability.三、单元写作话题分析本单元以“学会学习”为话题，围绕这一话题谈论学习英语过程中遇到的困难,说明学习英语的方法和技巧,提出合理的方法和建议等。其书面表达命题形式主要是“建议信”和“学习方法说明”，主题有以下方面：1.如何学习英语,提出关于学习某种语言的几点建议；2.谈学习中遇到的困难,介绍学习经验,提出学习建议。佳句荟萃描述学习中存在的问题或困惑的常用句型Ihaveaproblem.Ican’trememberthenewwords.Ican’tpronouncesomeofthewords.Ican’tunderstandspokenEnglish.Ialwaysmakemistakesingrammar.Ireadveryslowly.Idon’tknowhowtospeakEnglishwell.提出学习上合理的建议的常用句型YoushouldreadEnglishaloud.Listeningcanhelpyou.Whydon’tyoujoinanEnglishlanguageclubtopracticespeaking.Wouldyoumindrememberingnewwordsbyflashcards?PleasetrytotalkwithyourfriendsinEnglishasmuchaspossible.Youcan/could...bydoing.../You’dbetterdosth.Doingsth.isagoodwayto.../It'sagoodidea/wayto...写作指导思路点拨体裁:应用文人称:第二人称时态:一般现在时和一般将来时写作三步法（一点二提三收）第1步开篇点题IknowyouwanttoimproveyourEnglishandyouneedsomehelp.TherearethreegoodwaystolearnEnglish.第2步介绍方法Ithinkyoushould...ifyoudothis,yourbrainwill...Itisalsoagoodideato...because...YoucouldtrytoimproveyourEnglishby...Thiswillhelpyou...第3步总结收尾Ihopeallthesewillbehelpfultoyou.【典例分析】1．假如你是来自英国的Peter，你的中国笔友赵明写信向你请教如何解决英语学习中遇到的困难。请你根据表格中赵明的实际情况，给他写一封建议信。要求：1.字迹工整，语法正确；2.写出5条建议，不少于40词；3.建议信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。ZhaoMing’sProblems1.Hecan’tgetthepronunciationofsomewordsright.2.HehasnochancetotalkwithothersinEnglish,sohedoesn’tunderstandspokenEnglish.3.Heoftenforgetssomenewwords.4.Hedoesn’tknowhowtowritegoodarticlesinEnglish.5.Hecan’tuseEnglishgrammarcorrectly.DearZhaoMing,I’mgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceonhowtosolvetheproblemsinlearningEnglish.Hereareafewsuggestionsforyou.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Idohopeyou’llfindthesemethods(方法)useful.I’mlookingforwardtoyourgoodnews.Yours,Peter【答案】DearZhaoMing,I’mgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceonhowtosolvetheproblemsinlearningEnglish.Hereareafewsuggestionsforyou.First,youshouldoftenreadaftertheteacherinclassandpronouncethewordsasmuchasyoucan.Second,youcantrytotalkwithyourclassmatesandfriendsinEnglish.Inthisway,youcanhavemoreconfidenceandwanttospeakmore.Third,forgettingsomenewwordsisverycommon.Don’tworryaboutit.Justreviewthemwhenyouarefree.Fourth,youmaystarttowritesomesimplesentencesandthenlearnhowtowritegoodarticles.Finally,whenyoulearngrammar,youshouldknowhowtouseit.Ifyouhavedifficultyinusingit,youcanaskyourteacherforhelp.Idohopeyou’llfindthesemethods(方法)useful.I’mlookingforwardtoyourgoodnews.Yours,Peter【详解】[总体分析]①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为书信作文；②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；③提示：根据所给提示完成写作，不能遗漏信息，针对赵明的五个问题提出建议。[写作步骤]第一步，表达自己乐意给他提出几点建议；第二步，具体阐述针对他的问题所提出的具体建议；第三步，最后是叙述自己的希望。[亮点词汇]①asmuchasyoucan尽你所能②trytodo尽力做③starttodo开始做[高分句型]①Third,forgettingsomenewwordsisverycommon.（动名词作主语）②Finally,whenyoulearngrammar,youshouldknowhowtouseit.（when引导的时间状语从句）2．假设你是李华，英语学习成绩优异。昨天你的笔友刘强给你发来电子邮件，向你咨询如何才能学好英语。请你结合下面的要点提示，给他回一封电子邮件。要点提示：1.通过课堂做笔记和大声朗读；2.多说英语；3.多听英文歌曲；4.多看英语电影；5.多交一些来自于说英语的国家的朋友。要求：1.词数80左右，电子邮件的格式，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearLiuQiang,I’mgladtohearfromyou.Here’ssomeadviceaboutEnglishlearningforyou.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________