浙江省舟山市2023-2024学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题

舟山市2023学年第二学期期末检测高二英语试题卷考生须知：本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)。满分150分,考试时间120分钟。请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。第I卷(选择题)注意事项：1.答第I卷前,考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、准考证号填写在答题纸上。2.选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。做在试题卷上无效。第一部分：听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节：(共5小题：每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inaprintingshop.B.Atabookstore.C.Inalibrary2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anewcoworker.B.Atalentshow.C.Acareerambition.3.WhyhasJimeatenjustalittlebitoffriedchicken?A.He’snothungry.B.He’srushingtowork.C.He’stryinganewdiet.4.WhatwillLucydonext?A.Walkhome.B.Catchthebus.C.Lookforhernotebook.5.Howdoesthegirlfeelabouthernewteacher?A.Shefeelsbetter.B.Sheadmireshim.C.Sheisdissatisfied.第二节：(共15小题：每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whichjacketwillthewomanchoosetowear?A.Theblackone.B.Theblueone.C.Thegreenone.7Whatwillthewomandofirst?A.Gotothemovies.B.BuyMaryadress.C.Attendabirthdayparty.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.WhoisMaryprobablyspeakingto?A.Herworkmate.B.Herclient.C.Herhusband.9.What’swrongwiththeman’ssparelaptop?A.It’smissing.B.Ithasavirus.C.Itneedsrepair.10.What’sMarygoingtodo?A.TurntoLisaforhelp.B.Contactherfamily.C.Buyanewlaptop.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.WhathappenedtoAlexonthewaytotheinterview?A.Hiscarbrokedown.B.Hegotstuckintraffic.C.Abusstruckhiscar.12.HowdidtheHRmanagerreacttoAlex’sexplanation?A.Hewasquiteangry.B.Hewasunderstanding.C.Hefeltembarrassed.13.WhatdidthewomanthinkofAlex’saccident?A.IttaughtAlexagoodlesson.B.Itwashandledinawrongway.C.Itcouldhavebeenavoided.听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。14.Whomisthepartyfor?A.Dan.B.Julie.C.Jane.15.Whenwilltheguestsarrive?A.At4:00.B.At5:00.C.At6:00.16.Whathasbeenpreparedfortheparty?A.Aspecialcakeandmusic.B.Freedrinksanddancing.C.Candlesandfreedrinks.17.Whathappenedinthepartylastyear?A.Thebuildingcaughtfire.B.Thepolicecame.CTheneighborsdranktoomuch.第10段材料,回答第18至20题。18.Whattroubledidthespeakerusetohave?A.Havingtoomuchmeat.B.Lackingenergyforexercise.C.Feelingbadabouthisbody.19.Whatisthespeaker’scurrentweight?A.70kg.B.90kg.C.110kg.20.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Toaskforweightlossways.B.Toremendaclub.C.Tointroduceagooddiet.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节：(共15小题：每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAttendWomenatWorkLiveMay16We’veplannedahalfdayoflearning,guidance,andinspiration—allvirtual.Here’stheagenda:ExecutivecoachDorieClarkonworkingwiththeambitionyou’vegotrightnow,whetheryou’remakingeveryefforttogetpromotedoraretakingabreakfromstriving.She’llhelpyourecognizewhenit’sbesttoslowdownorrampup.OrganizationalpsychologistRuchiSinha’slatestresearchfindingsontrust:howtomeasuretheamountfeltbetweenteammembers,andwhattodoifit’simbalanced.Plus,she’llexplaintheupsidesofswitchingbetweendifferentkindsofleadershipstyles,andshe’llillustratehowtodothatDEIstrategistLilyZhengonthepowerofdatatocorrectdiscrimination,designfairprocesses,anddemonstrateapany’sprogresstowarddiversity,equity,andinclusion.They’llalsodescribethepositiveandnegativemovespaniesaremakingandhowtohaveinfluencewithinyours.TheAmysonwhateverguidanceyouandotherattendeesneedtoleadateam,dealwithconflict,negotiate,orsomethingelse.Emailyourquestionaheadoftimetowomenatwork@,ordropitintothechatduringthesession.Ticketsare$60forHarvardBusinessReviewsubscribersand$75foreveryoneelse.Aticketwillalsogiveyouaccesstoareplayoftheeventrecording.Registerhere.Interestedinbuyingabunchofticketsforyourteam,department,orentirepany?EmailWAWLive@tolearnaboutgroupdiscounts.Seeyouthere!1.Whatkindofactivityis“WomenatWorkLive”?A.Apanyanniversary. B.Avirtuallearningevent.C.Awomen’srightscharity. D.Anonlinepoliticalproject.2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTabenefitofattending“WomenatWorkLive”?A.ObtainingguidanceonteamleadershipfromTheAmys.B.ReceivingafreesubscriptiontoHarvardBusinessReview.C.GaininginsightsintoambitionmanagementfromDorieClark.D.LearningabouttheroleofdatainaddressingdiscriminationfromLilyZheng.3.Whatistheoverallthemeofthe“WomenatWorkLive”?A.Toenhanceleadershipskillsforwomeninbusiness.B.Topromotediversityandinclusionintheworkplace.C.Toprovideguidanceandinspirationforprofessionalwomen.D.Todiscussthelatestresearchinorganizationalpsychology.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个“职场女性直播”的虚拟学习活动的情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“We’veplannedahalfdayoflearning,guidance,andinspiration—allvirtual.(我们计划了半天的学习、指导和灵感——都是虚拟的)”可知，“职场女性直播”是虚拟学习活动。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ExecutivecoachDorieClarkonworkingwiththeambitionyou’vegotrightnow,whetheryou’remakingeveryefforttogetpromotedoraretakingabreakfromstriving.(高管教练DorieClark告诉你，无论你是在努力升职，还是在努力休息，都要带着你现在的雄心壮志工作)”；第三段“Plus,she’llexplaintheupsidesofswitchingbetweendifferentkindsofleadershipstyles,andshe’llillustratehowtodothatDEIstrategistLilyZhengonthepowerofdatatocorrectdiscrimination,designfairprocesses,anddemonstrateapany’sprogresstowarddiversity,equity,andinclusion.(此外，她还将解释在不同类型的领导风格之间转换的好处，并举例说明DEI策略师LilyZheng如何利用数据的力量纠正歧视，设计公平的流程，并展示公司在多元化、公平和包容性方面的进步)”以及第四段“TheAmysonwhateverguidanceyouandotherattendeesneedtoleadateam,dealwithconflict,negotiate,orsomethingelse.(在领导团队、处理冲突、谈判或其他方面，你和其他与会者需要的任何指导都可以获得TheAmys的指导)”可知，免费订阅《哈佛商业评论》不是参加“职场女性直播”的好处。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ExecutivecoachDorieClarkonworkingwiththeambitionyou’vegotrightnow,whetheryou’remakingeveryefforttogetpromotedoraretakingabreakfromstriving.She’llhelpyourecognizewhenit’sbesttoslowdownorrampup.(高管教练DorieClark告诉你，无论你是在努力升职，还是在努力休息，都要带着你现在的雄心壮志工作。她会帮助你认识到什么时候最好放慢速度，什么时候最好加快速度)”以及第三段“Plus,she’llexplaintheupsidesofswitchingbetweendifferentkindsofleadershipstyles,andshe’llillustratehowtodothatDEIstrategistLilyZhengonthepowerofdatatocorrectdiscrimination,designfairprocesses,anddemonstrateapany’sprogresstowarddiversity,equity,andinclusion.They’llalsodescribethepositiveandnegativemovespaniesaremakingandhowtohaveinfluencewithinyours.(此外，她还将解释在不同类型的领导风格之间转换的好处，并举例说明DEI策略师LilyZheng如何利用数据的力量纠正歧视，设计公平的流程，并展示公司在多元化、公平和包容性方面的进步。他们还会描述公司正在采取的积极和消极的行动，以及如何对你的公司产生影响)”可知，“职场女性直播”的总体主题是为职业女性提供指导和激励。故选C。BOncetherewasalittleboy,GeorgeHarper,whowaslivingwithhisuncle,Johnny,andhisaunt,Nancyafterhisparentswentmissing.George’sparentsweregeologistsandneverreturnedfromanadventurousexpeditiontripandwerebelievedtobedead.LittleHarperwaslovedalotbyhisuncleJohnnyasheandNancyhadnochild,soJohnnyalwaystookgoodcareofGeorgeashisownsonbutyethisauntNancyneverlikedhim.Georgewasveryshyandbarelyusedtotalkingwithanybody.Buthehadafriendfromhisneighborhood,GraceGreen,thedaughterofadistinguishedandweirdphysicsprofessor.Mr.Greenwasaweirdmanandwantedtobuildatimemachine.Afterdoinghisdayjobasaheadlectureratthefamouscityuniversity,hespenthiswholenightdoingweirdexperimentsinhishomelaboratory.TheneighborhoodofMr.Greenwasfedupwithwatchingeverynightcoloredflashylightsandsmokeingfromhishouse.HisweirdexperimentswerethemainreasonthatletMr.Green’swifeleavehimandstartedlivingwithherparents,butGracedecidedtolivewithherdad.ButGeorgewasveryfondofwatchingthecoloredlightsingfromMr.Green’shouse.HewastheonlypersonwhomMr.GreenhadallowedtoenterhishouseandevenhislaboratoryasGeorgeneverdoubtedMr.Green’sambitions.Heusedtoaskmanyquestionsrelatedtotheexperiments.Veryhappily,Mr.GreenusedtoanswereveryquestioncuriousGeorgeraisedandtoldGeorgeabouthissecrettimemachineprojectonwhichhewasworkingformanyyears.Mr.GreenhadalsopromisedlittleGeorgethatonedaysoonhewouldtakehimtohisparentsinhistimemachine.ThenonedaythewholeneighborhoodgatheredaroundMr.Green’shouse.EveryonewasshockedtoseethehouseofMr.GreendisappearalongwithMr.Green,Grace,andlittleGeorge.4.Wherecouldyoufindthepassage?A.Inafashionmagazine. B.Onafictionwebsite.C.Inasciencetextbook. D.Inanacademicjournal.5.HowdidtheneighborsreacttoMr.Green’sexperiments?A.Theywerefascinatedbythecoloredlights.B.Theywereannoyedbythenoiseandsmoke.C.TheysupportedMr.Green’sambitions.D.TheywerejealousofMr.Green’sscientificachievements.6.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Therewasanaturaldisasterthatdestroyedthehouse.B.TheexperimentcameintoeffectwiththehelpofGeorge.C.Theymighttravelthroughtimeforthetimemachineworked.D.Mr.Greenkeptagoodbalancebetweenworkandfamily.7.Whatmightbethemostpossiblesubsequencetothisstory?A.George’sunclefoundoutwhathappenedtothem.B.Mr.Greenreturnedwithafullyfunctionaltimemachine.C.Georgemethisparentsinadifferenttimeperiod.D.TheneighborsorganizedasearchpartyforMr.Green’shouse.【答案】4.B5.B6.C7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了从前有个小男孩，名叫乔治·哈珀，父母失踪后，他和叔叔约翰尼、婶婶南希住在一起。乔治的邻居朋友格蕾丝·格林想造一台时光机，格林也答应乔治不久的将来，他会用他的时光机带他去见他的父母。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章主要讲述了从前有个小男孩，名叫乔治·哈珀，父母失踪后，他和叔叔约翰尼、婶婶南希住在一起。乔治的邻居朋友格蕾丝·格林想造一台时光机，格林也答应乔治不久的将来，他会用他的时光机带他去见他的父母。可推知，文章选自小说网站。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“TheneighborhoodofMr.Greenwasfedupwithwatchingeverynightcoloredflashylightsandsmokeingfromhishouse.(格林先生的邻居们受够了每天晚上从他家里冒出来的彩灯和烟雾)”可知，邻居们对噪音和烟雾感到厌烦。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Veryhappily,Mr.GreenusedtoanswereveryquestioncuriousGeorgeraisedandtoldGeorgeabouthissecrettimemachineprojectonwhichhewasworkingformanyyears.Mr.GreenhadalsopromisedlittleGeorgethatonedaysoonhewouldtakehimtohisparentsinhistimemachine.(格林先生很高兴地回答了乔治提出的每一个好奇的问题，并告诉乔治他已经研究多年的秘密时光机项目。格林先生还答应小乔治，不久的将来，他会用他的时光机带他去见他的父母)”以及最后一段“ThenonedaythewholeneighborhoodgatheredaroundMr.Green’shouse.EveryonewasshockedtoseethehouseofMr.GreendisappearalongwithMr.Green,Grace,andlittleGeorge.(有一天，整个社区的人都聚集在格林先生的房子周围。看到格林先生的房子连同格林先生、格蕾丝和小乔治一起消失，大家都很震惊)”可知，他们可能穿越时间，因为时间机器工作了。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Mr.GreenhadalsopromisedlittleGeorgethatonedaysoonhewouldtakehimtohisparentsinhistimemachine.(格林先生还答应小乔治，不久的将来，他会用他的时光机带他去见他的父母)”以及最后一段“EveryonewasshockedtoseethehouseofMr.GreendisappearalongwithMr.Green,Grace,andlittleGeorge.(看到格林先生的房子连同格林先生、格蕾丝和小乔治一起消失，大家都很震惊)”可知，这个故事最可能的结局是乔治在不同的时期遇到了他的父母。故选C。CAsmileyfaceisnotalwaysjustasmileyface.Behindtheyellow,wideeyedemoji’ssmileisanintergenerationalminefield.Formanyteenagersand20somethings,asmileyfacepoppingupinatextoremailisseenassomethingdifferent.HafeezatBishi,21,startedaninternship(实习)ataBrooklyndigitalmediafirm.Shewassurprisedtobegreetedbyhercoworkerswithabrightsmileyface.ForBishi,theweleseemeddismissiveandsheseestheemojiasconveyingakindofsideeyesmile.Theriseoftheuseofemojisatwork,especiallybetweenremoteteamsduringthepandemic,hascreatedmoremisunderstandingsthanever.Peopleover30tendtouseemojistoexpresswhattheimagesalwaysdid,butyoungerdigitalnativesmayusethemtoconveyironicmeanings,orusethemasshorthandforanentirelydifferentthought.Forinstance,theskullandcrossbonesmeansdeathordangertomanyadults,whilemanyyoungerpeoplesaythattothemitsignifieslaughingextremelyhardasin“I’mlaughingsohardthatI’mdying.”CharlieNelsonKeever,a31yearoldlawyerintheSanFranciscoBayArea,spendsalotoftimeanalyzingsocialmediaaccountstopiecetogetherlegalcases.Itwaswhileresearchingnarrativesandtimelinesonacasethatitdawnedonherthatyoungpeopledon’tusesmileyfacestomeantheyaresmiling.ShequizzedaGenZfriendandwasconfusedbytheundertoneswhichsomeemojiscarryforthatgeneration.Onitsface,thecowboy,agrinningemojiwearingahat,cansignifyaspecialbrandofquirky,gigglyhappiness.ButformanyinGenZ,itmeansthesenderisputtingonafront,smilingontheoutsidewhiledyingontheinside.KeeverfeelssheshouldhaveherfingeronthepulseofhowpeoplemunicateontheInternet.“There’snothingthatmakesyoufeelolderthangooglingwhatanemojimeans,”shesaid.8.HowdidBishiunderstandthesmileyfacefromhercoworkers?A.Aninsinceregreeting. B.Adynamicgreeting.C.Anindifferentgreeting. D.Agenuinegreeting.9.Whatdowelearnfromparagraph3?A.Youngpeopleuseskullandcrossbonestoconveydeathtoadults.B.Thepandemichaslargelybroughtabouttheincreasinguseofemojis.C.Emojisareoftenusedtoexpressironicthoughtsbyolderpeople.D.Misunderstandingsofemojismayoccurduetotheintergenerationalgap.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“undertone”inparagraph5mean?A.answer B.implication C.image D.signal11.WhydoesKeeverwanttohaveherfingeronthepulseofhowpeoplemunicate?A.Tocatchupwiththelatestfashionpulse.B.Tolineupwithwhatpeoplechatonline.C.Toputupwithfeelingoldwhengooglingemojis.D.Tokeepupwiththewaydigitalnativesmunicate.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章举例说明了不同年代的人对表情符号的理解不同，因此容易造成一些误解。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ForBishi,theweleseemeddismissiveandsheseestheemojiasconveyingakindofsideeyesmile.(对Bishi来说，这种欢迎似乎是轻蔑的，她认为表情符号传达了一种侧眼微笑)”可知，Bishi认为同事的笑脸是不真诚的问候。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Peopleover30tendtouseemojistoexpresswhattheimagesalwaysdid,butyoungerdigitalnativesmayusethemtoconveyironicmeanings,orusethemasshorthandforanentirelydifferentthought.Forinstance,theskullandcrossbonesmeansdeathordangertomanyadults,whilemanyyoungerpeoplesaythattothemitsignifieslaughingextremelyhardasin“I’mlaughingsohardthatI’mdying.”(30岁以上的人倾向于用表情符号来表达图片的含义，但年轻的数字原住民可能会用它们来表达讽刺的意思，或者用它们来表达完全不同的想法。例如，对许多成年人来说，头骨和交叉的骨头意味着死亡或危险，而许多年轻人说，对他们来说，这意味着笑得非常厉害——就像“我快要笑死了。”)”可知，代际差异可能导致对表情符号的误解。故选D。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“ShequizzedaGenZfriendandwasconfusedbythe”以及后文“Onitsface,thecowboy,agrinningemojiwearingahat,cansignifyaspecialbrandofquirky,gigglyhappiness.ButformanyinGenZ,itmeansthesenderisputtingonafront,smilingontheoutsidewhiledyingontheinside.(在它的脸上，一个戴着帽子咧嘴笑着的牛仔表情符号，可以象征一种特殊的、古怪的、傻笑的幸福。但对许多Z世代的人来说，这意味着寄件人是在装样子，外表微笑，内心死亡)”可知，表情符号存在潜在的其他含义，即她问了一个Z世代的朋友，被一些Z世代的表情符号所包含的潜在含义所迷惑。故划线词意思是“暗指，暗示”。故选B。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“KeeverfeelssheshouldhaveherfingeronthepulseofhowpeoplemunicateontheInternet.“There’snothingthatmakesyoufeelolderthangooglingwhatanemojimeans,”shesaid.(Keever觉得她应该掌握人们如何在互联网上交流的脉搏。“没有什么比在谷歌上搜索表情符号的含义更让人觉得自己老了，”她说)”可知，Keever想要掌握人们如何沟通的脉搏以跟上数字原生代的交流方式。故选D。DIt’sinthedirtontheground,thedebris(碎片)onyourroof,andthedustthatticklesyournose—tinypiecesof“cosmicdust”,everywhere.Thesemicroscopicparticlesfromouterspacearemicrometeorites(微陨石)—mostlythedebrisfrometsandasteroids(小行星)—andtheyhavesettledalloverourplanet.Oncetheparticlessettletotheground,theycanbefoundanywhere;theycouldbesittingonyourclothesrightnow.Butdespitetheirwidespreadpresence,findingcosmicdustisn’teasy.OneplacethattheparticlesshowupmoreeasilyisAntarctica.Aroundadecadeago,MattewGengeatImperialCollegeLondonspentsevenweekssearchingforandcollectingdustthere.ThedownsidetocollectingdustfromAntarcticaisthecostandplicationsoftravellingthere.That’swhyPennyWozniakiewiczoftheUniversityofKentintheUKhasfocusedherresearchclosertohome.Thekeyistocollectmaterialsfromafairlyundisturbedspot.Forinstance,shesamplesontherooftopsofoldcathedralsintheUK.Shefocusesontheseroofsbecausetheyareoldandmoreuntouchedthanmodernbuildings.What’smore,historicbuildingslikecathedralsusuallyhavewellkeptrecordsthatindicatewhenmaintenanceandcleaninghavebeendone.Thatmakesiteasiertodeterminehowlongcosmicdusthasbeencollectingandgivesresearchersinsightintowhatotherparticlesmightbepresentinthedusttheycollect.ThisallowsthemtomoreefficientlyremovetheEarthstuff,andfocusonthespacestuff.Eachyear,approximately100billionparticlesofspacedustlandonEarth,carryingsecretsfromasteroidsandofferingglimpsesintotheformationofgalaxies.Thesemicrometeoritesnotonlycontainwaterbutalsoorganicmolecules(分子);theypotentiallyserveasthebuildingblocksforlifeonEarth.Cosmicdustcould,therefore,tellscientistsabouttheintricate(错综复杂的)relationshipbetweenthesecelestialbodiesandEarth.Itactsasabridge,connectingustothewideruniverse.12.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutcosmicdust?A.Thedustisveryeasytocollectbecauseitiswidespread.B.MattewGengefailedtocollectthedustaroundtenyearsago.C.Alltinypiecesofcosmicdustarenotfrometsandasteroids.D.Antarcticaistheonlyplacewherethedustshowsupmoreeasily.13.PennychosetoresearchontheroofsofoldcathedralsforthereasonsEXCEPT__________.A.theyoftenhavewellpreservedrecordsofmaintenanceandcleaningB.theyaremoreefficientforresearcherstomaketheEarthstuffremovedC.theyaremoreancientandundisturbedthanbuildingsbuiltinmoderntimesD.theyarelessexpensiveandplicatedtoapproachthantravellingtoAntarctica14.Whatdoesparagraph5imply?A.Micrometeoritesarethebuildingblocksforlifeonearth.B.About100billionparticlesofcosmicdustarecollectedeveryyear.C.Cosmicdustisabridgewhichconnectsustothewideruniverse.D.Scientistscanknowmoreabouttheouterspacethroughcosmicdust.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheCosmicDust:SittingonYourRoof B.Antarctica:TheHometoCosmicDustC.OldCathedrals:UndisturbedSpotforCosmicDust D.Micrometeorites:ParticlesfromOuterSpace【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宇宙尘埃来源以及科学家通过屋顶上的尘埃来研究太空尘埃颗粒的原因。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thesemicroscopicparticlesfromouterspacearemicrometeorites(微陨石)—mostlythedebrisfrometsandasteroids(小行星)—andtheyhavesettledalloverourplanet.(这些来自外太空的微小颗粒是微陨石——主要是彗星和小行星的碎片——它们遍布我们的星球)”可知，C选项“并非所有微小的宇宙尘埃都来自彗星和小行星”正确。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“ThedownsidetocollectingdustfromAntarcticaisthecostandplicationsoftravellingthere.(从南极洲收集灰尘的缺点是旅行的成本和复杂性)”以及第四段“Shefocusesontheseroofsbecausetheyareoldandmoreuntouchedthanmodernbuildings.What’smore,historicbuildingslikecathedralsusuallyhavewellkeptrecordsthatindicatewhenmaintenanceandcleaninghavebeendone.(她专注于这些屋顶，因为它们比现代建筑更古老，更原始。更重要的是，像大教堂这样的历史建筑通常有保存完好的记录，表明何时进行了维护和清洁)”可知，B选项不是研究屋顶的原因。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Cosmicdustcould,therefore,tellscientistsabouttheintricate(错综复杂的)relationshipbetweenthesecelestialbodiesandEarth.Itactsasabridge,connectingustothewideruniverse.(因此，宇宙尘埃可以告诉科学家这些天体和地球之间复杂的关系。它就像一座桥梁，将我们与更广阔的宇宙连接起来)”可知，第5段暗示了科学家可以通过宇宙尘埃更多地了解外太空。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“ThedownsidetocollectingdustfromAntarcticaisthecostandplicationsoftravellingthere.That’swhyPennyWozniakiewiczoftheUniversityofKentintheUKhasfocusedherresearchclosertohome.Thekeyistocollectmaterialsfromafairlyundisturbedspot.Forinstance,shesamplesontherooftopsofoldcathedralsintheUK.(从南极洲收集灰尘的缺点是旅行的成本和复杂性。这就是为什么英国肯特大学的PennyWozniakiewicz把她的研究重点放在离家更近的地方。关键是要从一个相当不受干扰的地方收集材料。例如，她在英国旧教堂的屋顶上取样)”结合文章主要介绍了宇宙尘埃的来源以及科学家通过屋顶上的尘埃来研究太空尘埃颗粒的原因。可知，A选项“宇宙尘埃：落在你的屋顶上”最符合文章标题。故选A。第二节：(共5小题：每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoProtectYourEyesWhenUsingaputerExpertsagreethatspendingtimeinfrontofaputermaycauseeyestrain.Whileeyestraintypicallyisn’tharmful,itcancausebothersomesymptomslikedry,wateryeyes,sensitivitytolightandneckorshoulderpain.____16____Researchsuggeststhatmakingsimplechangesmayhelppreventeyestrain.Repositionreferencematerials.____17____Iftheyaretoolowortoohigh,youreyeswillhavetorefocuseverytimeyouglanceatthem,leadingtoeyefatigue.Actually,referencematerialsshouldbelocatedabovethekeyboardandbelowtheputer’smonitor.Tohelpdothis,useadocumentholderorabooktopropupmaterialsafewinchesandhelprestyoureyes.Blinkeverysooften.Wenaturallyblinkabout20timeseveryminute,butwhenfocusingonascreenthiscandropbyasmuchashalf.Thismeansyoureyesareatmuchgreaterriskofdryingoutwhenworkingontheputer.You’llhavetobeconsciousofthisandforceyourselftoblink.Deliberatelyblinkeveryfivesecondsorso.____18____Every20minutes,lookawayfromthescreenfor20seconds.Adjustyourscreenlighting.Yourscreenshouldbeilluminatedinrelationtoyourenvironment.Ifyou’reworkinginabrightlylitroom,youcanincreaseyourbrightnesssettings;iftheroomisdim,lowerthesettings.Ifyoureyesarefeelingstrained,tryadjustingyourbrightnesssettingsinrelationtoyourworkenvironment.____19________20____Eyedoctorsusethistermtodescribetheadverseeffectsofprolongedputeruse.Thesesymptomsarenotpermanentandshouldsubsidewhenyoustepawayfromtheputerforafewhours.Theycancausesignificantdisfort,however,andifignoredcanleadtopermanenteyeproblems.A.Fortunately,thereisstillawayout.B.Pausewithputervisionsyndrome.C.Haveabreakwheneyestrainhappens.D.Improperpositionofmaterialscancausedisfort.E.Ifyoufindthistoodistracting,trytakingbreaks.F.Duringthistime,youshouldblinkorcloseyoureyes.G.Anyway,youreyesoftentellyouwhatyoushoulddo.【答案】16.A17.D18.E19.G20.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了使用电脑时保护眼睛的方法。【16题详解】根据上文“Expertsagreethatspendingtimeinfrontofaputermaycauseeyestrain.Whileeyestraintypicallyisn’tharmful,itcancausebothersomesymptomslikedry,wateryeyes,sensitivitytolightandneckorshoulderpain.(专家一致认为，长时间坐在电脑前可能会导致眼睛疲劳。虽然眼睛疲劳通常是无害的，但它会导致令人烦恼的症状，比如眼睛干涩、流泪、对光敏感、脖子或肩膀疼痛)”以及后文“Researchsuggeststhatmakingsimplechangesmayhelppreventeyestrain.(研究表明，做一些简单的改变可能有助于预防眼睛疲劳)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出有办法可以缓解眼睛疲劳的问题。故A选项“幸运的是，还有一条出路”符合语境，故选A。【17题详解】根据标题“Repositionreferencematerials.(重新给材料放位置)”以及后文“Iftheyaretoolowortoohigh,youreyeswillhavetorefocuseverytimeyouglanceatthem,leadingtoeyefatigue.Actually,referencematerialsshouldbelocatedabovethekeyboardandbelowtheputer’smonitor.Tohelpdothis,useadocumentholderorabooktopropupmaterialsafewinchesandhelprestyoureyes.(如果它们太低或太高，你的眼睛在每次看它们时都必须重新聚焦，导致眼睛疲劳。实际上，参考资料应该放在键盘的上方和电脑显示器的下方。为了做到这一点，用一个文件柜或一本书来支撑几英寸的材料，帮助你的眼睛休息)”可知，本段的主旨是关于材料放置位置的建议，故D选项“材料放置位置不当会引起不适”符合语境，故选D。【18题详解】根据上文“Deliberatelyblinkeveryfivesecondsorso.(故意每五秒眨眼一次)”以及后文“Every20minutes,lookawayfromthescreenfor20seconds.(每隔20分钟，把视线从屏幕上移开20秒)”可知，本句是在说明上文方法的具体运用。E选项中this指代上文“Deliberatelyblinkeveryfivesecondsorso.”。故E选项“如果你觉得这太让人分心，试着休息一下”符合语境，故选E。【19题详解】根据上文“Ifyoureyesarefeelingstrained,tryadjustingyourbrightnesssettingsinrelationtoyourworkenvironment.(如果你的眼睛感到紧张，试着根据你的工作环境调整你的亮度设置)”可知，本段为本段最后一句，故承接上文，说明应该按照眼睛的状况进行亮度调整。故G选项“不管怎样，你的眼睛经常告诉你应该做什么”符合语境，故选G。【20题详解】根据本段内容“Eyedoctorsusethistermtodescribetheadverseeffectsofprolongedputeruse.Thesesymptomsarenotpermanentandshouldsubsidewhenyoustepawayfromtheputerforafewhours.Theycancausesignificantdisfort,however,andifignoredcanleadtopermanenteyeproblems.(眼科医生用这个词来描述长时间使用电脑的不良影响。这些症状不是永久性的，离开电脑几个小时后就会消失。然而，它们会引起严重的不适，如果忽视，可能会导致永久性的眼部问题)”可知，后文提到了离开电脑症状就会消失，本句主要说明后文提到的术语thisterm，指的是B选项中putervisionsyndrome。故B选项“有电脑视觉综合症就暂停”符合语境，故选B。第三部分：语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节：(共15小题：每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenWhitemetthepitbullpuppyin2018,Darbywasyoung,playful,strongasanox.Then,inthesummerof2019,cameDarby’sdatewithdestiny.Whitewas___21___inNorthernCaledonia’sBodegaBay.HeleftDarby,thenayearoldand100pounds,intheparkedcarwithwindows___22___,whilehecasthislineafewyardsaway.Thefishweren’tbiting,Whiterecalled,until,___23___,theywere.Atfirst,Whitethoughthehadhookedastingray.Butashereeled(绕线)itin,he___24___itwasasevengillshark,about6feetlong.Notunmonbutstill___25___.Hebroughtitcloseandcarefullyunhookedit,expectingitto___26___.Itdidn’t.Thesharkbithisankle.“Allofasuddentherewas___27___everywhere,”saysWhite.Heyelledforhelp,hopingthefishermendownthe___28___couldhear.Buttheydidn’tseemtoknowwhatwasgoingon.Fortunately,Darbydid.Hejumpedoutofthecarandrantowardthewater.Heranrightuptothesharkand___29___histeethintoitsgills(鱼鳃).“Thatjustmadethesharkbitedownharder,”Whitesays.Darby___30___,thenregroupedandattackedtheshark’stail.Theshark___31___itsgrip(紧抓),andWhitemanagedtopushitintoshallowwater,___32___itswamoff.“Thewholethingtooklessthanaminute,”Whitesays,“butitleftplentyof___33___.”Whitewasabletostopthebleedingandgettoahospital,wherehelearnedthatthewoundwasverysevere.Thatwouldhavebeentheendofit,hadDarby’sstorynotgoneviral(走红).Whitewas___34___byNBCNewsandCNN.That’swhenthecountlesscashoffersstartedtoein.Butthebigdogwasnotfor___35___.21.A.swimming B.running C.driving D.fishing22.A.beneath B.off C.up D.down23.A.gradually B.suddenly C.definitely D.exceptionally24.A.remembered B.conveyed C.realized D.concluded25.A.dangerous B.marvelous C.vigorous D.courageous26.A.breakaway B.flashaway C.swimaway D.pullaway27.A.shock B.blood C.water D.shout28.A.beach B.road C.park D.b