高中英语译林版选修一：Unit 1 培优提能限时练(一)

培优提能限时练(一)(限时：40分钟满分：50分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheOlympicWinterGamesBeijing2022closedonFebruary20.Morethananevent，theGamesarealsoforexchanginggoodwillandfriendship.Thedesigndetailsofvariouselementssuchasthemedals，emblem(会徽)andmascots(吉祥物)servethispurpose.Let’stakealookattheseChineseelementsthroughthedesigns.MedalsThefrontsideoftheWinterOlympicmedalswasbasedontheancientChinesejadeconcentriccirclependants，withfiveringsrepresenting“theunityofheavenandearthandtheunityofpeople’shearts”．TheoppositesideofthemedalswasinspiredfromapieceofChinesejadeware(玉器)called“Bi”，adoublejadediscwitharoundholeinthecenter.EmblemInspiredbytheChinesecharacter“冬”for“winter”，theupperpartoftheemblemresemblesaskateranditslowerpartaskier.Theribbon-likedecorationinbetweenmainlysymbolizesthehostcountry’srollingmountains，Gamesvenues，skicoursesandskatingrinks.Thebluecolorintheemblemrepresentsdreams，thefutureandthepurityoficeandsnow，whileredandyellow—thecolorsofChina’snationalflag—presentpassion，youthandvitality.MascotsBingDwenDwen，thecutemascotoftheOlympicWinterGamesBeijing2022，attractsattentionwiththepanda’sfull-body“shell”madeoutofice.TheinspirationcamefromtraditionalChinesesnack“ice-sugargourd(tanghulu)”，whiletheshellalsoresemblesaspacesuit—embracingnewtechnologiesforafutureofcountlesspossibilities.“Bing”istheChinesecharacterforice，whichsymbolizespurityandtoughness.DwenDwenisacommonnicknameinChinaforchildrenthatsuggeststheyarelovely，healthyandclever.语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了北京冬奥会中颇具中国特色的奖牌、会徽及吉祥物。1．Whichoffollowingisaninspirationoftheemblem?A．AChinesesnack.B．Chinesejadeware.C．AChinesecharacter.D．Chinesechildren.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“InspiredbytheChinesecharacter‘冬’for‘winter’”可知，冬奥会的会徽灵感来自汉字“冬”。故选C。2．Whatdoes“DwenDwen”refertoinChinese?A．Aspacesuit.B．Newtechnologies.C．Pureandtoughice.D．Healthandcuteness.答案D解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“DwenDwenisacommonnicknameinChinaforchildrenthatsuggeststheyarelovely，healthyandclever.”可知，墩墩在汉语中代表着可爱、健康和活泼。故选D。3．WhatisthepurposeofdisplayingChineseelements?A．Tomakethisyear’sGamesmoreinteresting.B．Todrawpeople’sattentiontoChineseculture.C．ToshowthepoweranddevelopmentofChina.D．Topromotekindnessandfriendshipworldwide.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Morethananevent，theGamesarealsoforexchanginggoodwillandfriendship.Thedesigndetailsofvariouselementssuchasthemedals，emblem(会徽)andmascots(吉祥物)servethispurpose.”可知，冬奥会上展示这些中国元素的目的是促进全世界的友好和友谊。故选D。BThejourneytodiscovermyself，careformyselfandlovemyselfhasbeenalongone.But，it’sbeenajourneythathasfinallysavedmylife.IrememberthrowingupforthefirsttimewhenIwas8yearsold.SomehowIhaddevelopedthebeliefthatbeingthinwastheonlywaytobeacceptedandloved.Thiswayofthinkingintensified(加剧)asIgotolderandbulimia(贪食症)becamemoreandmoredeeplyrootedinmylife.WhenIwas15yearsoldmyfamilysaidgoodbyetoeverythingwehadeverknownandboardedtheplaneforNewZealand.IfeltaloneandscaredinaworldthatwascompletelydifferenttoanythingIhadeverknown.Eatinghelpednumb(麻木)mypainandthrowinguphelpedkeepmethin.BythetimeIwenttouniversityIwasthrowingupover15timesaday.IwassoashamedofwhatIhadbecome.Althoughmybulimiahadcompletelyturnedmylifeupsidedown，IknewonethingforsurethatIlovedmyfamilymorethananythingintheworld.Thisbeliefeventuallymademepickupthephoneandbookmyfirstappointmentwithatherapist(治疗专家)．ThefirstsessionIhadwithmytherapist，Amanda，wasamazing.IwalkedoutofherofficefeelinglikeIhadfinallydonesomethingpositiveformyself.AmandamademerealizethatIwasn’taloneinmysufferingandtherewerethousandsuponthousandsofgirlsjustlikeme.ImetregularlywithAmandaforthebestpartofayear，overwhichtimeIlearnthowtotreatmyselfkindly，respectmyselfandlovemyself.Isaidgoodbyetobulimiaafteroveradecadeofsuffering.Justturntofacethedirectionofself-discovery，self-loveandself-acceptanceandkeepwalkinguntilyougetthere.Itwillbethejourneyofalifetime.语篇解读本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者克服暴食症的亲身经历，从而懂得了发现自己、爱惜自己、接纳自己是一个漫长的旅程。4．Whydidtheauthorthrowupsooftenatuniversity?A．Asawaytocurebulimia.B．Becauseshelovestobebeautiful.C．Forsomepsychologicalreason.D．Duetoherwishtosaveherself.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ihaddevelopedthebeliefthatbeingthinwastheonlywaytobeacceptedandloved”和第三段中“Eatinghelpednumb(麻木)mypainandthrowinguphelpedkeepmethin.”可知，作者在大学里一天呕吐15次以上，是因为想要变瘦、变美。故选B。5．HowdidAmandacuretheauthorofbulimia?A．Bygivingcomfort.B．Bymakingfriendswithher.C．Bygivingmedicines.D．Bycontrollingherfood.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第六段中“Amandamademerealize...thousandsofgirlsjustlikeme.”和第七段中“Imetregularlywith...lovemyself.”可知，Amanda给予作者安慰，让作者知道还有很多像她一样的女孩，并从心理上帮助她克服暴食症。故选A。6．Whatcanwesayabouttheauthoraccordingtothispassage?A．Creative. B．Dishonest.C．Clever. D．Responsible.答案D解析推理判断题。文章讲述了作者克服暴食症的艰难经历。根据文章第五段可知，虽然暴食症彻底打乱了作者的生活，但因为对家人的爱，作者最终决定治疗自己的暴食症。由此可以推断，作者是一个对自己、对家人负责任的人。故选D。7．Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．ThePowerofLoveB．LoveYourselfC．ThrowingupandBulimiaD．SayGoodbyetoBadHabits答案B解析标题归纳题。文章讲述了作者告别暴食症的亲身经历，懂得了应该善待自己、爱惜自己。文章第一段以及最后一段首尾呼应，都提到了发现自己、爱惜自己和接纳自己。由此可知，文章的最佳标题应为“爱惜自己”。故选B。CEndangeredpolarbearsarebreeding(繁殖)withgrizzlybears(灰熊)，creating“pizzly”bears，whichisbeingdrivenbyclimatechange，scientistssay.AstheworldwarmsandArcticseaicethins，starvingpolarbearsarebeingforcedeverfurthersouth，wheretheymeetgrizzlies，whoserangesareexpandingnorthwards.Andwiththatgrowingcontactbetweenthetwocomeincreasinghybrids(杂交种)．Withcharacteristicsthatcouldgivethehybridsanadvantageinwarmingnorthernhabitats，somescientistsguessthattheycouldbeheretostay.“Usually，hybridsaren’tbettersuitedtotheirenvironmentsthantheirparents，butthesehybridsareabletosearchforabroaderrangeoffoodsources，”LarisaDeSantis，anassociateprofessorofbiologicalsciencesatVanderbiltUniversity，toldLiveScience.Theriseof“pizzly”bearsappearswithpolarbears’decline:theirnumbersareestimatedtodecreasebymorethan30%inthenext30years.Thissuddenfallislinkedpartlyto“pizzly”bearstakinguppolarbears’ranges，wheretheyoutcompetethem，butalsotopolarbears’highlyspecializeddiets.“PolarbearsmainlyconsumedsoftfoodsevenduringtheMedievalWarmPeriod，apreviousperiodofrapidwarming，”DeSantissaid，referringtofatmealssuchasseals.“Althoughallofthesestarvingpolarbearsaretryingtofindalternativefoodsources，likeseabirdeggs，itcouldbeatippingpointfortheirsurvival.”Actually，thecaloriestheygainfromthesesourcesdonotbalanceoutthosetheyburnfromsearchingforthem.Thiscouldresultinahabitatreadyforthehybridstomoveinandtakeover，leadingtoalossinbiodiversityifpolarbearsarereplaced.“We’rehavingmassiveimpactswithclimatechangeonspecies，”DeSantissaid.“Thepolarbearistellingushowbadthingsare.Insomesense，‘pizzly’bearscouldbeasadbutnecessarycompromisegivencurrentwarmingtrends.”语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由于气候变暖，濒危北极熊正在与灰熊一起繁殖，创造出“小灰熊”，杂交的“小灰熊”数量正在增加，这说明全球气候正在变得更糟糕。8．Whydopolarbearsmovefurthersouth?A．Tocreatehybrids.B．Toexpandterritory.C．Torelievehunger.D．Tocontactgrizzlies.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“AstheworldwarmsandArcticseaicethins，starvingpolarbearsarebeingforcedeverfurthersouth”可知，北极熊向南迁移是为了缓解饥饿。故选C项。9．Whatmakes“pizzly”bearsadapttonaturalsurroundingsbetterthantheirparents?A．Broaderhabitats.B．Morefoodoptions.C．Climatepreference.D．Improvedbreedingability.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“butthesehybridsareabletosearchforabroaderrangeof10．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“atippingpoint”inparagraph5referto?A．Acriticalstage.B．Ararechance.C．Apositivefactor.D．Aconstantchange.答案A解析词义猜测题。根据画线词下文可知，事实上，它们从这些食物中获得的热量并不能抵消它们在寻找这些食物时消耗的热量。这可能导致一个栖息地被“小灰熊”接管，结合画线11．What’sthemainideaofthetext?A．Polarbearsarechangingdietsforclimatechange.B．Polarbearshavealreadyadjustedtoclimatechange.C．“Pizzly”bearshavereplacedpolarbearsforglobalwarming.D．“Pizzly”bearsareontherisebecauseofglobalwarming.答案D解析主旨大意题。根据前两段内容和倒数第二段最后一句可知，由于全球变暖，“小灰熊”的数量正在上升。故选D项。DWhatistalent?Areyoubornwithit?Ordoesitseemtodevelopovertime?BeforeIstart，I’dliketosaythatonethingeveryoneagreesonisthatthemostskilledmusicianshaveworkedhardtogetthere.Whileit’struethatafewofushadenough“talent”toavoidextrapracticetodojustaswellasthosewhodid，thosewhoworkedhardeasilybeatus.Itis，infact，verylikelythatifsomeofus“talentedones”hadactuallybeenpracticingandimprovingourskill，wewouldhaveachievedawholedifferentlevel.Anotheraspectoftalentseemstobeheartandpassion.ThepeopleIseewhoarethemosttalentedmusiciansarecrazyaboutmusic.Theyeat,breathe，andlivewithmusicandtheymakeanextraordinaryefforttomakeitpartoftheirlives.AsRemusBadeasaid，desireforthemusician-to-beissignificantforthemtobesuccessful.Thisdesireiseasilyfoundinthoseconsideredtobetalented.Whenyouwantandlovesomethingsobad，itdrivesyouandyourentirecharactercanbeshapedaroundit.Suchdeterminedpassionseemstoproduceincredibleskillandtalent.Thethirdaspectoftalentishavingtalentaroundyou.Whensurroundedbytalentedmusicians，itonlyseemsnaturalthatyoustarttocatchuptotheirlevel.Takealookatalmostanygroupofmusiciansinhistory.Themoretalentedpeopleinthegroup，themoretalentedthegroupisasawhole.Agreatexampleofthisistherelationshipbetweenaudioproducerandartist.Theartistturnsuptothestudiowiththeirsong，andastheyworkthroughrecordingit，theaudioproducerwilloftensuggestvariouschangestothesongtomakeitbetter.语篇解读本文是一篇议论文。文章阐述了作者关于“天赋”的观点，天赋并不是天生的，而是可以通过后天培养出来的。12．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A．Pridegoesbeforeafall.B．It’snevertoooldtolearn.C．Practicecontributestotalent.D．Talentdeterminesachievements.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Itis，infact，verylikelythatifsomeofus‘talentedones’hadactuallybeenpracticingandimprovingourskill，wewouldhaveachievedawholedifferentlevel.”可知，练习有助于培养天赋才能。故选C项。13．WhatisthekeytosuccessaccordingtoRemusBadea?A．Passion. B．Character.C．Skill. D．Talent.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Anotheraspectoftalentseemstobeheartandpassion.”“AsRemusBadeasaid，desireforthemusician-to-beissignificantforthemtobesuccessful.”可知，热情是走向成功的关键因素。故选A项。14．Whyistheexamplementionedinthelastparagraph?A．Tointroducewhatrealtalentsare.B．Toexplainhowasongiscomposed.C．Toprovetalentsneedteamspirit.D．Toshowthebenefitsofbeingwithtalents.答案D解析推理判断题。最后一段提到音频制作人和艺术家的关系是为了验证作者关于天赋的第三个观点，即前面提到的“havingtalentaroundyou”和“Themoretalentedpeopleinthegroup，themoretalentedthegroupisasawhole.”，进一步展示了和有才能的人在一起的好处。故选D项。15．Whatmighttheauthorprobablyagreewith?A．Musichasnolimits.B．Musiciansarebornwithtalent.C．Musicfavorsthetalented.D．Musiciansarecreated，notborn.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“BeforeIstart，I’dliketosaythatonethingeveryoneagreesonisthatthemostskilledmusicianshaveworkedhardtogetthere.”可推知，作者赞同“音乐家是通过努力创造出来的，而不是天生的”，故选D项。Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyou’veknownthatthecauseoffatnessintheUnitedStatesisfat，you’renotalone.1.Researchersfoundthatsugaristherealcauseandisthedrivingforcebehinddiabetes(糖尿病)andfatness.Herearefourwaystocutdowntoday.StopdrinkingsodaThisoneisano-brainer.Sweeteneddrinksaccountforabout47percentofaddedsugarintheAmericandiet，andtheyareessentiallynutrient-freecalorie-deliveryvehicles.2，morethanyourentiredailylimit.Ifyoudrinksodaforthecaffeine，switchtoteaorcoffee.Watchyourbreakfast3.Flavoredyogurts，forexample，areloadedwithsugar，andfruitjuicesareaneasywaytodrinktonsofsugarwithoutrealizing.Foryourmorningmeal，trytoeatmoregrain-basedfoodswithloworlittlesugar，likeCheerios，plainoatmeal(燕麦片)，breadandhomemadegranola(格兰诺拉麦片)．CheckthesaucesAswithbreakfastfoods，foodproducerssneakmoresugarintosaucesandingredientsthanyou’dguess—forexample，twoofthefourbiggestingredientsinHeinzKetchuparesweeteners，MrLeonhardtwrites.4，andwatchoutforsugarbyanothernam