05.动词的时态和语态-2022年上海名校高中自主招生英语直通车

第页第05第05讲：动词的时态和语态致考点归纳、考前巩固、真题链接 考点归纳 一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时、将来进行时(只作理解要求)，这些时态形式如下:一般时态进行时态完成时态完成进行时态现在does/dois/am/aredoinghas/havedonehas/havebeendoing过去didwas/weredoinghaddone将来will/shalldowill/shallbedoing过去将来would/shoulddo常见时态的常见用途: ⑴ 一般现在时表经常发生的动作或经常存在的状态；表习惯、能力、客观真理、客观存在； 常用于某些从句(“主将从现”)；常与always,often,usually等连用；可表瞬间动作；含位置移动含义的动词或表示按时间表将要发生的动作常用它代替一般将来时表该含义(如come,leave等)；特殊地，表示希望(Ihope/Ibet)或表“务必”含义的句型[see(toit),make sure,makecertain]等的that分句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时表将来 ⑵ 现在进行时表正在进行的动作；与now,atpresent等连用；暗含打算、重复且经常(如某一 习惯)、未结束等含义；表示一个现阶段或最近按计划要进行的动作；可代替一般现在时表示说话人的感情；注意有些词一般不用进行时，如wish,know,consist,belongto等 ⑶ 现在完成时表结果；表过去发生的该动作对现在有影响；常与since+时间点或for+时间段 连用；将现在与过去建立联系；表示延续的动作，瞬间动词(join,bedead等)此时不能使用 ⑷ 一般过去时含“过去如此，现在并非如此”之意；常与lastyear等连用；有时，由于某些 如until,before的连接词已表明句中动词发生的先后顺序，故既可用它也可用一般过去时

e.g.Thetrain(had)leftbeforeIreachedthestation. ⑸ 过去进行时表过去正在进行的动作；从句中常用于表示两个过去发生的动作同时发生(某些工具书中将其说做“为另一动作提供背景”，有些句子含有突然发生之意) ⑹ 过去完成时需以过去某一时间为前提；与一般过去时连用强调动作的时间先后顺序；表 意愿动词用该时态表示愿望未实现 ⑺ 一般将来时表将来；常与tomorrow等连用；begoingto表示打算、预测；betodo表示按 计划要发生，有时也表示命令；常见于祈使句、themore…themore等句型 ⑻ 过去将来时(woulddo)表示过去时间后的动作；多见于间接引语 ⑼ 现在完成进行时表动作从过去一直持续到当前，是否继续下去未知；有时带有感情色彩 ⑽ 将来进行时表将来按计划进行的动作时态的关系:常用时间轴表示两时态间的先后问题，便于解题动词的语态:主动与被动；表被动时动词的基本形式是bedone；一般在动作执行者不明确、不重要等情况下，或出于行文流畅的需要，会运用被动语态；被动语态的形式如下:一般时态进行时态完成时态现在is/aredoneis/am/arebeingdonehas/havebeendone过去was/weredonewas/werebeingdonehadbeendone将来shall/willbedone过去将来should/wouldbedone 说明: 被动语态不用于将来进行时态和各完成进行时态不及物动词(vi.)没有被动语态(如takeplace,happen等)；当相互代词(eachother等)或反身代词为动词宾语时，句子不能被转换成被动语态；许多词组无被动语态，如consistof,belongto被动常用句式:itisreportedthat/getsth.done等

被动句型的转换:

注意转换过程中，that分句中的谓语动词表将来时则II句型(TypeII)变为tobedoing，如谓语动词表示过去时间或现在完成时，则II句型变为tohavedone2……2……起来某些vi.+某些adv.can’t/won’t+某些vi.一些“主动表被动”can’t/won’t+某些vi. Thethingprovedtrue./Thefoodsmellsnice./Thebooksellswell./Mycarcan’tmove./Itwritessmoothly.对于第三个例子的这类动词，有多种不同的理解。常见工具书将其定义成如下两种类型:①多数既可作vt.又可作vi.的动词，若动作发出者(施动者)无需强调(不强调被动)或已明确时多用主动，如Ifthesituationathomedoesn’timprove,I’llhavetomoveout.②对于既可作vt.又可作vi.的动词，若句子主语(物居多)具有内在特征，能够促使动词动作得以实现或难以实现时，常用主动表被动；综上所述，试比较: 同理，以下句子中: Thesentencesreadclearly. 针对sentences，指句子没有歧义

Thesentencesarereadclearly. 针对人，指读的人读得好 Thevasebreakseasily. 针对vase，指花瓶的属性为易碎

ThevaseisbrokenbyPeter. 针对人，指客观事实，人将花瓶打碎如open,close,shut,lock等表属性的动词一般用主动表示被动；不定式toblame作表语时用主动表示被动；be+a.+todo结构，如形容词为难易形容词(或称为表属性的形容词)，多用主动表示被动；若不定式的逻辑主语为句子主语，用主动表示被动；某些形容词结构(如too…to/…enoughtodo)，此时多用主动表示被动；beworth等特殊结构用主动表示被动need/want/require表“需要”，deserve表“值得”等动词用主动表示被动；结构为need/want/require/deserve+doing/tobedone注意翻译中汉语与英语的被动结构的互译:

汉语不出现主语(昨天抓到一个特务) 英语被动(Aspywascaughtyesterday.)

汉语主动表被动(这种料子很好销售) 英语主动(Thiskindofmaterialsellswell.)

汉语主动表被动(图书馆将提前竣工) 英语被动(Thenewlibrarywillbecompleted注意某些不带to的不定式在被动语态时需还原to 考前巩固I. Putintheappropriateformofthegivenverbs.I_______(wash)myclotheswhenthebell_______(ring).We_______(make)atriptotheWestLakeassoonasthework_______(finish).“_______you_______(buy)thedictionary?”“No,Ihaven’t.WhenI_______(get)tothebookstoreyesterday,allthedictionaries_______already_______(sell)out.”Tom,youraunt_______(come)thisafternoon.Theteachersaidthattheearth_______(move)roundthesun.It_______(get)dark.Whatabout_______(go)homeatonce?Useyourheadandyou_______(find)abetterway.Look!Someone_______(lie).Seethatyou_____(be)readyat8.Mysister_____(live)athomeforthemoment.Don’ttalktome.I_____(try)tolearnthispagebyheart.Comequickly,I_____(smell)burning.Thisisthethirdtimeyou_____(be)here.Whatexactlyyou_____(come)fornow?II. Rewritethefollowingsentencesbyusing“TypeI”and“TypeII”.Peoplethinkthatheiscoming.Weknowthatyouwereintownonthenightofthecrime.ThereisareportthatunidentifiedflyingobjectswereseenoverNewJerseylastnight.3系动词系动词3系动词系动词WeunderstandthatshewasthebestsingerthatAustraliahaseverproduced.III. TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.Payattentiontothetense(时),aspect(体，即进行体、完成体)andvoice(态，即主动态、被动态).到下周末，我在这儿就整整一年了。(By)下星期你从陕西省回来，讨论会已经结束。(when)上星期他每天都来看我。(see)一有消息我就给你打电话。(directly)有人建议会议推迟到下周四举行。(suggest)不久以后一些药品的价格将再一次下调。(before)应当鼓励学生用多种方法解决同一问题。(encourage)各个地区采取了措施，使未能回家的人一起过了个快乐年。(sothat)这对夫妇眼下盼望着去欧洲旅行。(look)网球运动在上海越来越流行了。(popular)这本杂志花了我30多元。(cost)据说，中国人比西方人更早使用纸币。(It)IV. Choosethebestanswer.Bytheendoflastterm,hehadwrittentoanumberofcolleges,receivedthreelettersofacceptance,and_____twocampuses. A.saw B.seen C.seeing D.haveseenHedecidedtogotothemuseumassoonashe_____. A.finisheswhathedid B.wouldfinishwhathewasdoing

C.finishedwhathedid D.finishedwhathewasdoingWhileMary_____apailofmilkfromthebarntothekitchen,shespilledsomeofitonherskirt. A.carried B.hadcarried C.wascarrying D.hadtocarryAccordingtothetimetable,theaeroplaneforSanFrancisco_____ateighto’clockinthemorning. A.willleave B.isgoingtoleave C.hasleft D.leavesMs.Green_____intownforonlyoneyear,yetsheseemstobeacquaintedwitheveryonewhocomestothestore. A.hasbeenliving B.hadbeenliving C.lived D.livesDon’ttellhimanythingaboutmewhenyou_____withhimtomorrow. A.aretalking B.willtalk C.willbetalked D.wouldtalkTheOlympicGames,firstcelebratedinAthensin1896,_____everyfouryearssofarthiscentury,exceptduringthetwoworldwars. A.aretakenplace B.wereheld C.hadbeenheld D.havebeenheldAdesertareathathasbeenwithoutwaterforsixyearswillstillbloomwhenrain_____. A.willcome B.isgoingtocome C.comes D.havecomeNoneofusunderstoodhowhe_____topasstheexam. A.canmanage B.hasmanaged C.hadmanaged D.manageYousee,we_____forparentsallmorningyesterday,butnobodycame. A.werewaiting B.hadwaited C.waited D.hadbeenwaitingShe_____herconsciousnesswhentherescuersfoundherinthesnowandsavedherjustintime. A.waslosing B.hadlost C.lost D.hadbeenlosingBytheendofthe19thcentury,Shanghai_____asmalltownontheHuangpuRiver. A.hadremained B.wasremained C.wasremaining D.remainedTheadvantagesofcomputerizedtypingandediting_____toallthewrittenlanguagesoftheworld. A.arenowbeingextended B.havenowbeenextended

C.willextend D.isnowextendedHe_____thearmybytheendof1992.He_____inthearmysincethen. A.joined…is B.hasjoined…hasbeen

C.hadjoined…is D.hadjoined…hasbeenThefirstuseofatomicweaponswasin1945,andtheirpower_____increasedenormouslyeversince. A.is B.was C.hasbeen D.hadbeen–HasSamfinishedhishomeworktoday? –Ihavenoidea.He_____itthismorning. A.did B.hasdone C.wasdoing D.haddoneMonthsagowesailedtenthousandmilesacrossthisopensea,which_____thePacific,andwemetnostorms. A.wascalled B.iscalled C.hadbeencalled D.hasbeencalled–Howareyoutoday?

–Oh,I_____asillasIdonowforaverylongtime. A.didn’tfeel B.wasn’tfeeling C.don’tfeel D.haven’tfeltThereportersaidthattheUFO_____easttowestwhenhesawit. A.wastravelling B.travelled C.hadbeentravelling D.wastotravelSelectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecausetechnology_____sorapidly. A.ischanging B.haschanged C.willchange D.wouldchangeI_____ping-pongquitewell,butIhaven’thadtimetoplaysincethenewyear. A.willplay B.haveplayed C.played D.playAccordingtotheartdealer,thepainting_____togoforatleastamilliondollars. A.isexpected B.expects C.expected D.isexpectingThelittlegirl_____herheartoutbecauseshe_____hertoybearandbelievedshewasn’tevergoingtofindit. A.hadcried…lost B.cried…hadlost C.hascried…haslost D.cries…haslostJohnandI_____friendsforeightyears.WefirstgottoknoweachotherataChristmasparty.Butwe_____eachotheracoupleoftimesbeforethat. A.hadbeen…haveseen B.havebeen…haveseen

C.hadbeen…hadseen D.havebeen…hadseen–Sorry,Joe,Ididn’tmeanto…

–Don’tcallme“Joe”.I’mMr.Parkertoyou,and_____youforgetit! A.do B.didn’t C.did D.don’tAllmorningasshewaitedforthemedicalreportfromthedoctor,hernervousness_____. A.hasgrown B.isgrowing C.grew D.hadgrown–Howlong_____DavidandVicky_____married?

–Foraboutthreeyears. A.were…being B.have…got C.have…been D.did…getThenewscameasnosurprisetome.I____forsometimethatthefactorywasgoingtoshutdown. A.hadknown B.knew C.haveknown D.knowComeandseemewhenever_____. A.youareconvenient B.youwillbeconvenient

C.itisconvenienttoyou D.itwillbeconvenientHekeptlookingather,wonderingwhetherhe_____hersomewhere. A.saw B.hasseen C.sees D.hadseen–GeorgeandLucygotmarriedlastweek.Didyougototheirwedding?

–No,I_____.Didtheyhaveabigwedding? A.wasnotinvited B.haven’tbeeninvited C.hadn’tbeeninvited D.didn’tinviteThenumberofdeathsfromheartdiseasewillbereducedgreatlyifpeople_____toeatmorefruitandvegetables. A.persuade B.willpersuade C.bepersuaded D.arepersuadedLet’skeeptothepointorwe_____anydecisions. A.willneverreach B.haveneverreached C.neverreach D.neverreachedI_____younottomovemydictionary—nowIcan’tfindit. A.asked B.ask C.wasasking D.hadaskedTim,whogotmarriedlastweek,spent$3,000morethanhe_____forthewedding. A.willplan B.hasplanned C.wouldplan D.hadplannedAlthoughthecausesofcancer_____,wedonotyethaveanypracticalwaytopreventit. A.arebeinguncovered B.havebeenuncovering

C.areuncovering D.haveuncoveredYou_____television.Whynotdosomethingmoreactive? A.alwayswatch B.arealwayswatching

C.havealwayswatched D.havealwaysbeenwatchingInmyopinion,allMr.White_____goodtohisstudentsinhisclassatpresent.Heisverystrictintheirstudy. A.doesdoesdoes B.doesdodo C.doesdoesdo D.diddodoes–HaveyouseenOliverrecently?

–Yes,infactIsawhimthismorning.I_____himfortwoyears. A.didn’tsee B.haven’tseen C.hadn’tseen D.don’tseeOil,exportedfromIrantoEurope,_____bytankers. A.usedtobetransported B.usedtobeingtransported

C.wasusedtobetransported D.wasusedtobeingtransportedHeaskedmeiftheseislands_____toCambodia. A.hadbelonged B.belongs C.belong D.havebeenbelongedTheBible_____thatmoney_____therootofallevil. A.says…is B.said…is C.hadsaid…hasbeen D.said…wasThoughI_____thedirections,I_____togettheDVDworking. A.hadread…failed B.read…hadfailed C.hadread…hadfailed D.read…failedIt_____notmanymonthssinceI_____inthecity. A.is…arrived B.was…hadarrived

C.hasbeen…havearrived D.hadbeen…arrived 模拟演练Marywenttotheboxofficeatlunchtime,butallthetickets____out. A.wouldsell B.hadsold C.havesold D.wassellingDuringtheperiodofrecentterroristactivities,people____nottotouchanyunattendedthebag. A.hadalwaysbeenwarned B.werealwaysbeingwarned

C.arealwayswarning D.alwayswarnedWe____doourprojectdayandnightinthepasttwoweeks. A.hadworked B.haveworked C.willbeworking D.areworkingTheemployees____thattheyshouldrenewtheircontractswithinaweek. A.advise B.haveadvised C.areadvised D.hadbeenadvisedEveryfewyears,thecoalworkers____theirlungsX-rayedtoensuretheirhealth. A.arehaving B.have C.havehad D.hadhadThechurchtowerwhich____willbeopentotouristssoon.Theworkisalmostfinished. 6 A.hasrestored B.hasbeenrestored C.isrestoring D.isbeingrestored6I’msureyouwilldobetterinthetestbecauseyou____sohardthisyear. A.studied B.hadstudied C.willstudy D.havebeenstudyingAlotofpeopleoftenforgetthatoralexams____totestcommunicativeability. A.design B.aredesigned C.aredesigning D.arebeingdesignedAlthoughmedicalscience____thecontrolofseveraldangerousdisease,whatworriesusisthatsomeofthemarereturning. A.achieved B.hasachieved C.willachieve D.hadachievedAftertheshockingnewsofhisdeathspreadonline,therestofthemagazines____withinhalfanhour. A.hadsoldout B.havesoldout C.wassoldout D.weresoldoutBecausethefarmland____quickly,thegovernmentisconsideringstartingaprogramtosolvetheproblem. A.isbeinglost B.islost C.islosing D.losesIcalledAlicemanytimesyesterdayevening,butIcouldn’tgetthrough.Herbrother____onthephoneallthetime! A.wastalking B.hasbeentalking C.hastalked D.talkedThedaywehadbeenlookingforwardto____atlast. A.come B.came C.coming D.becomingThemanageraswellasthestaff____chattingcheerfullyduringtheteabreakwhenthebosscamein. A.were B.havebeen C.was D.hasbeenBeforethehurricaneapproachedthetown,theresidents____tostayathomeorreduceoutdooractivities. A.werewarning B.havewarned C.warned D.hadbeenwarnedManycollegestudentsregisteratdrivingschoolsduringthesummervacation,sayingthatgettingalicense____themanadvantageinthejobmarket. A.gives B.willgive C.hasgiven D.hadgivenItissaidthatnoattention____otherpossibilitiesatthemeetingthedaybeforeyesterday. A.waspaidto B.paidto C.hadbeenpaidto D.hadpaidto–Youhaven’tsaidawordaboutmynewcar,Michelle.Doyoulikeit?

–I’msorryI____anythingaboutitsooner.Icertainlythinkit’scomfortablesittinginit. A.wasn’tsaying B.don’tsay C.won’tsay D.didn’tsayTheeffortsmadebytheresearchers____possibletheappearanceofanewlife-savingmedicine. A.weremade B.made C.madeit D.weremadeitChinesePremierWenJiabao____atCopenhagen,capitalofDenmark,onDec.16,2009Wednesdayevening,fortheongoingUNClimateChangeConference. A.arrives B.hasarrived C.arrived D.isarrivingTheMinistryofHealthissuedanoticeinSeptemberthatthefeesfortestsandtreatmentinA(H1N1)flucases____bymedicalinsurance. A.cover B.arecovered C.willcover D.hasbeencoveredTheworkersweresotiredthattheyfeltasleepwherethey____withoutundressing. A.lying B.werelying C.lied D.werelainCustomersareaskedtomakesurethatthey____therightchangebeforeleavingthecheckoutcounter. A.willgive B.havebeengiven C.havegiven D.willbegivenYoucan’tmoveinrightnow.Thelibrary____. 7 A.haspainted B.ispainted C.isbeingpainted D.ispainting7I’msurethatyourletter____immediateattention.Theyknowyou’rewaitingforthereply. A.willget B.gets C.hasgot D.isgetting–Wouldyoupleasekeepquiet,Sally?Theweatherforecast____.

–Oh,I’msorryIdidn’trealizeit. A.isbroadcast B.isbeingbroadcast C.hasbeenbroadcast D.hadbeenbroadcastUnfortunately,whenIgotthereshe____,soweonlyhadtimeforafewwords. A.justleft B.hasjustleft C.wasjustleaving D.hadjustleftAlotofcarsandbuses____frompassingthroughthehighwaysbecauseoftheheavysnow.

A.haveblocked B.hadbeenblocked C.blocked D.wereblockedTheDubai(迪拜)financialcrisis____tohaveaddedmorepressuretothealready-seriousworldeconomy. A.wasreported B.reported C.wouldreport D.reportsTheworldgoldprice____forthelastfiveyears,whichisnowover1000dollarsperounce. A.isrising B.rose C.hasrisen D.hasbeenrising–Didyouenjoylastnight’sperformance?

–Yes,althoughBeethoven’sFifthSymphony____ratherpoorly. A.wasplaying B.wasbeingplayed C.wasplayed D.playedAftermidnight,longafterhisparents____tobed,TimturnedontheTVagain. A.havegone B.hadbeengoing C.hadgone D.weregoingInacertainstorewheretheysellpuddings,thecustomers____tosamplethembeforecomingtoadecision. A.areallowed B.isallowed C.allow D.haveallowed“I’mmorenervousrightnowthanwhenI____,”Janesaid,asshesawthegroupofreporterswaitinganxiouslyattheexitofthegymnasium. A.hadcompeted B.compete C.wascompeting D.havecompetedSincethebeginning,thetelevisionindustryintheUS____bythreecompanies,theABC,theCBS,andtheNBC. A.hadbeencontrolled B.hasbeencontrolled C.hadcontrolled D.hascontrolledEveryonewhosawStarWarssaidthatit____oneofthebestsciencefictionmoviesthathadeverbeenreleased. A.is B.was C.hadbeen D.hasbeenDuringthe60yearssincethefoundingoftheNewChina,we____throughmillionsofupsanddowns. A.willgo B.havegone C.went D.aregoneEarlierfearsabouttheweatherdisappearedwhentherainwhichhadbeenforecast____toappear. A.wouldfail B.fails C.failed D.hasfailedToourgreatjoy,ProfessorLiu____thespecialprizeforhisdevotiontohelpingstudentsfromlessdevelopedareas. A.willaward B.isawarded C.hasbeenawarded D.hasawardedWife____abigdinnerwhenHusbandwasawareoftheireighthweddinganniversarythatday. A.wasstillpreparing B.hadhardlyprepared

C.didcarefullyprepare D.wouldeagerlyprepare–Where’syourassignment? –____. A.Ihadalreadyhandeditin. B.Itwashandedin.

C.It’dbeenhandedin. D.It’sbeenhandedin.Tohelptoday’scustomersmakeachoice,acompanyinNewYork____avideotrolley—asupermarkettrolleywithavideoscreentodisplayadvertisementandpriceinformation. A.hasinvented B.hadinvented C.invents D.isinventingIntherainforestoftheAmazon,50to150plantspecies____everyday. A.havebeendestroyed B.aredestroying C.arebeingdestroyed D.destroyedThepricesofhouses____becausethedemandofthembecomemoreandmoregreat. A.arerising B.rise C.hadrisen D.havebeenrisen–Doyouhaveanyproblemsifyou____thisjob?

–Well,I’mthinkingaboutthesalary… A.offer B.willoffer C.areoffered D.willbeoffered–Whydidyouleavethatcompany? –I____abetterpositionatIBM. A.offer B.offered C.amoffered D.wasofferedThecausehehaddevotedhimselfto____aperfectsuccess. A.proving B.proved C.wasproved D.hasbeenprovedWewillbelosingmoneythisyearunlessthatneweconomicplanofyours____miracle. A.works B.isworking C.willbeworking D.workedThereportersexposedthecorruption(腐败)ofseveralseniorofficersinthegovernment;consequently,theseofficers____toresignfromoffice. A.haveasked B.wereasked C.hadasked D.hadbeenaskedOnceharm____totheenvironment,ittakesyearstohavethesystemrecovered. A.does B.isdone C.willbedone D.bedone 真题链接1. –HaveyoufinishedreadingJaneEyre?

–No,I_____myhomeworkalldayyesterday. A.wasdoing B.woulddo C.haddone D.do2. Whenyouarehome,giveacalltoletmeknowyou_____safely. A.arearriving B.havearrived C.hadarrived D.willarrive3. ThediscoveryofgoldinAustralialedthousandstobelievethatafortune_____. A.ismade B.wouldmake C.wastobemade D.hadmade4. Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe’stheonlyoneofthewomenwho_____eveningdress.

A.wear B.wears C.hasworn D.haveworn5. Linda,makesurethetables_____beforetheguestsarrive. A.beset B.set C.areset D.aresetting6. Excuseme,I_____Iwasblockingyourway. A.didn’trealize B.don’trealize C.haven’trealized D.wasn’trealizing7. Bobwouldhavehelpedusyesterday,buthe_____. A.wasbusy B.isbusy C.hadbeenbusy D.willbebusy8. –Wereyousurprisedbytheendingofthefilm?

–No.I_____thebook,soIalreadyknewthestory. A.wasreading B.hadread C.amreading D.haveread9. –We’vespenttoomuchmoneyrecently.

–Well,itisn’tsurprising.Ourfriendsandrelatives_____aroundallthetime. A.arecoming B.hadcome C.werecoming D.havebeencoming10. InthespokenEnglishofsomeareasintheUS,the“r”soundsattheendofwords_____. A.aredropped B.drop C.arebeingdropped D.havedropped11. –I’mnotfinishedwithmydinneryet.

–Butourfriends_____forus. A.willwait B.wait C.havewaited D.arewaiting12. –I’msorry,butIdon’tquitefollowyou.DidyousayyouwantedtoreturnonSeptember20?

–Sorry,I_____myselfclear.WewanttoreturnonOctober20. A.hadn’tmade B.wouldn’tmake C.don’tmake D.haven’tmade13. IttookmealongtimebeforeIwasabletofullyappreciatewhatthey_____forme. A.haddone B.did C.woulddo D.weredoing14. –Theweatherhasbeenveryhotanddry.

–Yes.Ifithadrainedadrop,thingswouldbemuchbetternow!Andmyvegetables_____.

A.wouldn’tdie B.didn’tdie C.hadn’tdie D.wouldn’thavedied15. Thebookhadbeentranslatedintothirtylanguagessinceit_____onthemarketin1973. A.hadcome B.hascome C.came D.comes16. Thepalacecaughtfirethreetimesinthelastcentury,andlittleoftheoriginalbuilding_____now.

A.remains B.isremained C.isremaining D.hasbeenremained17. –Whydoyouwanttoworkforourcompany?

–ThisisthejobthatI_____for. A.looked B.amtolook C.hadlooked D.havebeenlooking1218. –Guesswhat,we’vegotourvisasforashort-termvisittotheUKthissummer.

–Hownice!You_____adifferentculturethen. 12 A.willbeexperiencing B.haveexperienced

C.havebeenexperiencing D.willhaveexperienced19. Thiscoastalarea_____anationalwildlifereservelastyear. A.wasnamed B.named C.isnamed D.names20. Iwasjustgoingtocutmyrosebushesbutsomeone_____it.Wasityou? A.hasdone B.haddone C.woulddo D.willdo21. Iwalkedslowlythroughthestreet,wherepeople_____allkindsoffruitsandvegetables.IstudiedthepricescarefullyandboughtwhatIneeded. A.sell B.wereselling C.hadsold D.havesold22. I’mtiredout.I_____allafternoonandIdon’tseemtohavefinishedanything. A.shopped B.haveshopped C.hadshopped D.havebeenshopping23. –Why,Jack,youlooksotired!

–Well,I_____thehouseandImustfinishtheworktomorrow. A.waspainting B.willbepainting C.havepainted D.havebeenpainting24. –Peter,wheredidyouguysgoforthesummervacation?

–We_____busywithourworkformonths,sowewenttothebeachtorelaxourselves. A.were B.havebeen C.hadbeen D.willbe25. Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhe_____moreonitsculture. A.focus B.focused C.wouldfocus D.hadfocused26. Motherwantedtobeagoodprovider,aroleshe_____sincehermarriagetoFather. A.shoulders B.shouldered C.isshouldering D.hasbeenshouldering27. Joseph_____toeveningclassessincelastmonth,buthestillcan’tsay“What’syourname?”inRussian. A.hasbeengoing B.went C.goes D.hasgone28. I_____allthecookingformyfamily,butrecentlyI’vebeentoobusytodoit. A.willdo B.do C.amdoing D.haddone29. Uptonow,theprogram_____thousandsofchildrenwhowouldotherwisehavedied. A.wouldsave B.saves C.hadsaved D.hassaved30. Ifwe_____theotherroad,wemighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting. A.take B.hadtaken C.took D.havetaken31. IhavetoseethedoctorbecauseI_____alotlately. A.havebeencoughing B.hadcoughed C.coughed D.cough32. –Whenshallwerestartourbusiness?

–Notuntilwe_____ourplan. A.willfinish B.arefinishing C.aretofinish D.havefinished33. You’vefailedtodowhatyou_____toandI’mafraidtheteacherwillblameyou. A.willexpect B.willbeexpected C.expected D.wereexpected34. We_____onthisprojectforfourhours.Let’shavearest. A.areworking B.havebeenworking C.worked D.hadworked35. TraditionalfolkartsofTianjinlikepapercutting_____atthecultureshowofthe2010ShanghaiWorldExpo. A.areexhibiting B.isexhibiting C.arebeingexhibited D.isbeingexhibited36. Ifyouplantwatermelonseedsinthespring,you_____freshwatermeloninthefall. A.eat B.wouldeat C.haveeaten D.willbeeating37. HadIknownaboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergy_____. 13 A.wouldhavebeensaved B.hadbeensaved

C.willbesaved D.wassaved1338. Formanyyears,people_____electriccars.However,makingthemhasbeenmoredifficultthanpredicted. A.haddreamed B.havedreamedof C.dreamedof D.dreamof39. Planningsofarahead_____nosense—somanythingswillhavechangedbynextyear.

A.made B.ismaking C.makes D.hasmade40. Iwasn’tsureifhewasreallyinterestedorifhe_____polite. A.wasjustbeing B.willjustbe C.hadjustbeen D.wouldjustbe41. WhenAlicecameto,shedidnotknowhowlongshe_____there. A.hadbeenlying B.hasbeenlying C.waslying D.haslain42. Ifyoudon’tlikethedrinkyou_____,justleaveitandtryadifferentone. A.ordered B.areordering C.willorder D.hadordered43. –Whatdoyouthinkofstoreshoppinginthefuture?

–Personally,Ithinkitwillexistalongwithhomeshoppingbut_____. A.willneverreplace B.wouldneverreplace

C.willneverbereplaced D.wouldneverbereplaced44. –Ididn’taskforthenamelist.Why_____onmydesk?

–Iputittherejustnowincaseyouneededit. A.doesitland B